CN1702345A - 等速联轴节 - Google Patents

等速联轴节 Download PDF

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CN1702345A
CN1702345A CNA2005100817742A CN200510081774A CN1702345A CN 1702345 A CN1702345 A CN 1702345A CN A2005100817742 A CNA2005100817742 A CN A2005100817742A CN 200510081774 A CN200510081774 A CN 200510081774A CN 1702345 A CN1702345 A CN 1702345A
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ring
roller
face
homokinetic joint
keeps
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M·马尔热里
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GKN Driveline SA
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/41Couplings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings
    • F16C33/605Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings with a separate retaining member, e.g. flange, shoulder, guide ring, secured to a race ring, adjacent to the race surface, so as to abut the end of the rolling elements, e.g. rollers, or the cage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S464/00Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
    • Y10S464/904Homokinetic coupling
    • Y10S464/905Torque transmitted via radially extending pin
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32Articulated members

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

等速联轴节包括辊子组件(9),该辊子组件(9)包括:内环(10),内环(10)包括朝向方向(S1)的环端面(16);外辊子(11),其具有朝向方向(S1)的辊子端面(32);滚针环(12);和用于将滚针环(12)沿轴向限制在内环(10)上的装置(13)。环端面(16)在方向(S1)上沿轴向偏移辊子端面(32)。本发明可应用到用于机动车辆传动的三脚等速联轴节。

Description

等速联轴节
技术领域
本发明涉及一种权利要求1的前序部分所提到的这种类型的等速联轴节(homokinetic joint)。
尤其涉及一种用于机动车辆传动的三脚等速联轴节。
背景技术
这种类型的组件例如在专利申请FR-A-2 791 744中是公知的。
该组件包括两个将滚针环和外辊子沿轴向限制在内环上的垫圈或“弹性挡圈”。每一垫圈容纳在设置于外辊子上的槽中并压在内环的端面上。
外辊子在每一侧沿轴向伸出于内环之外以能容纳所述垫圈。对于组件的给定的额定负载而言,这种突出导致一相对大的空间需要。因此,套筒也要占据相对大的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述缺点并提供一种用于等速联轴节的辊子组件,该辊子组件相对于给定的额定负载和使用期限而言具有一小空间的需要。
为此,本发明的主题是一种权利要求1的特征部分提到的这种类型的等速联轴节。
根据具体实施例,本发明包括从属权利要求中记载的一个或多个特征。
附图说明
结合附图,通过阅读下面仅以实例方式表示的说明部分,能更好地理解本发明,附图中:
-图1是根据本发明位于对准位置的传动联轴节的横截面图;
-图2是图1中的联轴节的辊子组件的局部放大截面图;以及
-图3至5是类似于图2的视图,表示了根据本发明的组件的第一至第三变化实施例。
具体实施方式
图1和2所示的等速联轴节1基本上包括:
(1)外突件或三脚架2,其包括具有中心轴线X-X的轮毂3,角间距为120度的三个径向臂4在该中心轴线X-X处突出。每一臂4的端部部分形成完整的球面轴承5,该球面轴承5位于相应臂的轴线Y-Y的中心。该外突件2牢固地连接到第一旋转轴6上。
(2)内凹件或套筒7,当联轴节位于图示的对准位置时,内凹件或套筒7的中心轴线与轴线X-X重合。在每一臂4的一侧和另一侧处,套筒7具有两个相面对的辊子轨道8。该内凹件7牢固地连接到未示出的第二旋转轴上。
(3)用于每一臂4的辊子组件9,该辊子组件9具有轴线Z-Z,在图1所示的对准位置上该轴线Z-Z与相应臂4的轴线Y-Y重合。
因为三个组件9是相同的,因此下面将仅描述一个组件。
在描述的过程中,假定联轴节是对准的,则术语径向、轴向、纵向和横向应该理解为是相对于所述组件9而言的,因此上述术语也是相对于组件9的轴线Z-Z而言的。
如图2更准确所示,组件9包括:
-内环10,其通常是具有轴线Z-Z的中空圆柱体形式。
-外辊子11,其通常通过旋转形成,具有轴线Z-Z并以一定间距环绕内环10,
-滚针环12,其设置在内环10和外辊子11之间,和
-装置13,用于相对于内环10轴向固定外辊子11和滚针环12。
如图2所示,滚针12的直径为d,轴向长度为LA。
内环10包括内圆柱接触面14和外圆柱辊子表面15,内圆柱接触面14以滑动和枢转方式压在三脚架2的臂4的轴承5上,滚针环12在外圆柱辊子表面15上移动。内环10包括垂直于轴线Z-Z延伸的第一平的前表面16和第二平的前表面18。第一端面16导向第一方向S1,该第一方向S1相对于轮毂3的轴线X-X径向向外导向,而第二端面18导向第二方向S2,该第二方向S2相对于轴线X-X径向向内导向。当联轴节运行时,第一端面16压靠在套筒7的弓形结构20上。
内环10的轴向端部包括径向连接到端面18和接触面14上的内斜切部分22,该轴向端部与第二端面18相连。该部分22在方向S2上加宽了。该部分22使组件9绕垂直于轴线Z-Z延伸的轴线R-R充分旋转,因此联轴节具有大的运行范围。
外辊子11包括局部圆环面形式的外辊子表面28和圆柱形内辊子表面30,内辊子表面30的轴向长度基本上等于长度LA,而且滚针环12在该内表面30上移动。辊子11进一步包括第一端面32和第二端面34,第一端面32同第一端面16一样导向相同方向S1,第二端面34导向相反的方向S2。表面32垂直于轴线Z-Z从表面28向表面30延伸。辊子11具有两个包络点E,它们由表面28和32与组件9的中心面(如图2的平面所示)相交形成。这些点E位于与轴线X-X距离为半径e处,当联轴节旋转时(参见图1)点E形成了组件9的包络面。因而联轴节的空间要求取决于这些点E。
保持装置13一方面包括用于保持环12的滚针逆于第一方向S1移动的构件36,另一方面包括用于保持滚针12逆于第二方向S2移动的构件38。
保持装置36包括环形轴环40,其设置在环10的轴端并形成平的阻挡面42,该阻挡面42在第二方向S2上得以导向。轴环40沿径向在环10的圆柱形表面15处突出,滚针在该表面15上移动。轴环40的径向宽度L1小于滚针12的直径d但大于滚针直径d的一半。因此,轴环40占据了相对小的空间并能有效地固位。
保持装置36进一步包括保持垫圈44,其压靠阻挡面42并形成用于保持滚针的表面46,该表面在第二方向S2上被导向。当联轴节运行时,滚针接触该表面46。保持垫圈44优选为封闭的。垫圈44的径向宽度L2大于滚针的直径d,因此表面46也接触表面32并形成用于保持外辊子11的表面。因此保持表面46相对于辊子11的端面32基本上是共平面的。
因而,端面16相对于端面32在方向S1上偏移,垫圈44在这两表面16和32之间延伸。因此,相对于联轴节的预定外尺寸而言,轮毂3的轴线X-X和辊子11离轴线X-X最远的点E之间的半径e相对小一些。因而套筒7的外径也小一些。
用于保持滚针环12的装置38由环形轴环48构成,轴环48在辊子11的辊子表面30上径向向内突出并形成在第一方向S1上被导向的保持表面50。轴环48的径向宽度L3小于滚针直径d的一半。因此,组件9能大范围地在臂上绕轴线R-R运动。
当联轴节运行时,环12的滚针与表面50接触。
由于具有轴环48,则辊子11的端面34在第二方向S2上相对于环10的端面18偏移,而端面18相对于表面50基本上共平面。
因此,组件9能大范围地在臂4上绕轴线R-R运动。
应该注意:当不具有套筒7时,辊子11、滚针12和垫圈44能相对于环10在方向S2上运动。
图3表示图1和2中的联轴节的第一变化实施例。图3对应于图2。下面将仅描述与图1和2中联轴节的区别。类似的构件用相同的附图标记表示。
内环10包括轴环40,其与环10一体形成并形成用于保持环12的滚针的表面46。省掉了垫圈44。
保持表面46的径向宽度L2小于滚针的直径d,因此,端面32不接触保持表面46。
通过轴环48和滚针实施阻止辊子11在与方向S1相反的方向的运动。
图4表示根据本发明的联轴节的第二变化实施例。该联轴节在下列方面不同于图1和图2中的联轴节。
外辊子11的外辊子表面28是局部球状。
用于保持滚针在与方向S2相反的方向上的运动的构件38包括设置在辊子11上的槽60和卡装在槽60中的开口环62。当环62处于卡装状态时,环62径向突出在表面30上,表面30的径向宽度L3小于滚针的直径d。从而环62形成用于固定滚针的表面50,而槽60形成朝向第一方向S1并用于环62的阻挡面64。
图5表示根据本发明的联轴节的第三实施例。
与图1和2中的联轴节相比,辊子11包括圆柱形外辊子表面28。保持装置36包括设置在环10的外表面15上的槽70和卡装在槽70中的开口环72。从而保持表面46由环72形成。
卡装在槽60和70中的开口环62和72能便于以简单方式生产和组装组件和联轴节。

Claims (18)

1、一种等速联轴节(1),包括:
-限定至少一对彼此面对的轨道(8)的内凹件(7),
-包括中心轴线(X-X)和至少一个臂(4)的外突件(3),和
-辊子组件(9),这种辊子组件包括:
包括第一环端面(16)的内环(10),第一环端面(16)在与中心轴线(X-X)相反的第一方向(S1)被导向,
外辊子(11),外辊子(11)环绕内环(10)并具有在第一方向(S1)上导向的第一辊子端面(32),
滚针环(12),设置在内环(10)和外辊子(11)之间以绕共同的纵向轴线(Z-Z)相对枢转,和
用于至少将滚针环(12)沿轴向保持在内环(10)上的装置(13),
保持装置(13)包括第一保持表面(46),该第一保持表面(46)连接到内环(10)上且沿径向重叠滚针环(12)的滚针,并在与第一方向(S1)相反的第二方向(S2)上被导向,第一保持表面(46)适于接触滚针环(12)的滚针,
第一环端面(16)在第一方向(S1)上相对于第一辊子端面(32)沿轴向偏移,内环(10)安装在臂上,
外辊子(11)和内环(10)每一个都包括在第二方向(S2)上被导向的第二端面(18,34),和
外辊子(11)的第二端面(34)在第二方向(S2)上相对于内环(10)的第二端面(18)偏移,
其特征在于:轴向保持装置(13)包括连接到外辊子(11)上的第二保持表面(50),该第二保持表面(50)设置在滚针环(12)相对于第一保持表面(46)的侧边并适于接触滚针环(12)。
2、根据权利要求1所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第一保持表面(46)沿径向重叠滚针环(12)并至少局部重叠外辊子的第一端面(32)。
3、根据权利要求1所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第一保持表面(46)的径向宽度(L2)小于滚针(12)的直径(d)。
4、根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第一保持表面(46)由固定连接到内环(10)上的轴环(40)形成。
5、根据权利要求4所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:内环(10)的轴环(40)的径向宽度(L1)小于滚针(12)的直径(d)。
6、根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:保持装置(13)包括固定连接到内环(10)上的阻挡面(42)和夹置于滚针环(12)和阻挡面(42)之间的第一保持垫圈(44)。
7、根据权利要求6所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第一保持垫圈(44)在第一环端面(16)和第一辊子端面(32)之间延伸。
8、根据权利要求6或7所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:阻挡面(42)由设置在内环(10)中并容纳第一保持垫圈(44)的凹槽(70)形成。
9、根据权利要求6或7所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:阻挡面(42)由内环(10)的轴环(40)形成,轴环(42)界定出内环(10)的滚针的辊子表面(15)。
10、根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:内环(10)的第二端面(18)基本上与第二保持表面(50)共平面。
11、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第二保持表面(50)的径向宽度(L3)小于滚针(12)的直径(d)。
12、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第二保持表面(50)与外辊子(11)成一体。
13、根据前述任一项权利要求所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第二保持表面(50)由第二保持环(62)形成,该第二保持环(62)与设置在外辊子(11)上的第二止挡面(64)一起工作。
14、根据权利要求13所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第二止挡面(64)由设置在外辊子(11)中并容纳第二保持环(62)的凹槽(60)形成。
15、根据权利要求13所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第二止挡面(64)由外辊子(11)的轴环(48)形成,该轴环(48)界定出该辊子的滚针辊子表面(30)。
16、根据权利要求15所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:第一保持表面(46)与外辊子(11)的第一端面(32)基本上共平面。
17、根据权利要求1至16中的任一项所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:内环(10)包括连接到内环(10)的第二端面(18)上的径向内斜切部分(22)。
18、根据权利要求1至17中的任一项所述的等速联轴节,其特征在于:内环(10)包括内圆柱接触面(14)。
CNA2005100817742A 2004-05-10 2005-05-10 等速联轴节 Pending CN1702345A (zh)

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FR0405034 2004-05-10
FR0405034A FR2869965B1 (fr) 2004-05-10 2004-05-10 Ensemble de roulement et joint homocinetique correspondant

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FR2869965A1 (fr) 2005-11-11
US20050249544A1 (en) 2005-11-10
FR2869965B1 (fr) 2007-08-17

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