CN1684631A - 用于气垫不稳定性的机械阻尼器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
在诊断成像设备中,由多个空气轴承元件(40)连接静止台架(24)和旋转台架(22)。下层空气轴承元件承担旋转台架(22)的重量,这引起了特性振动频率的气锤现象。为了抑制气锤,将阻尼部件(44)安装至少一个下层轴承元件(40)上。阻尼部件(44)包括阻尼器块(46)以及弹性连接器(48),将它们调整到接近气锤频率的频率,以吸收振动能量并且抑制气锤振动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医学成像技术。具体来说,本发明涉及如包含在第三和第四代CT扫描器中的旋转台架,并且将参考所述旋转台架对本发明进行具体描述。但是,本发明还可以与其它系统如使用旋转台架的核照相机结合在一起应用,并且本发明不限于上述的这些应用。
背景技术
典型的情况是,第三和第四代CT系统配备有滚珠或滚柱轴承系统。由于轴承与旋转台架之间存在物理接触,因此在使用扫描器期间,出现摩擦和磨损。此外,旋转台架的工作速度受到轴承的限制。
为了努力克服用于这样的医学成像器的轴承系统的这些限制,正在使用液压轴承系统。一些液压轴承系统包括非常适合于旋转台架的轴承座圈的多孔轴承垫。当给轴承系统注油时,从多孔轴承垫向垫与轴承座圈之间喷出一个很薄的液体层。这样就给旋转台架提供了一个实际上无摩擦的支撑。
在这样的系统中,承担了旋转台架重量的轴承垫一般表现出一种称为气锤(air hammering)的现象。由于轴承垫的形状以及台架重量引起的作用在轴承上的应力,轴承的分压力不一致性会导致轴承垫的旋转摆动。气锤会导致轴承垫围绕边缘过早磨损,在边缘,轴承垫频繁地与座圈接触,同样原因导致座圈过早磨损,并且从扫描器发出过量噪声。
为了抑制由于气锤而导致的振动干扰,以前的系统已经包括了弹簧和阻尼器装置。阻尼器安装在刚性体上,如静止台架。然后将这个阻尼器安装在轴承元件上。这是一种笨重的设计,需要很大的空间,在狭窄的台架系统中,这也许是不可行的。此外,如果从静止台架取消轴承元件,则从轴承元件取消了这样的阻尼器。
本发明提出了改进的设备和方法,这些设备和方法克服了上述以及其他限制。
发明内容
按照本发明的一个方面,提供了一种诊断成像设备。第一和第二台架界定了一个成像区域。轴承系统包括多个轴承元件,这些轴承中的至少一个表现出机械扰动。将机械阻尼器与至少一个轴承元件安装在一起,该轴承元件抑制机械振动。
按照本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种诊断扫描方法。台架围绕检查区域中的对象旋转。由多个轴承元件支撑旋转台架,这些轴承元件中的至少一个趋于按照特征频率振动。对该轴承元件的振动进行抑制。
本发明的一个优点在于减少了液压轴承的部件部分的磨损。
另一个优点在于减少了液压轴承系统的噪音。
另一个优点在于增加了旋转台架的旋转势能。
另一个优点在于阻尼器不需要安装到固定体上。
对于本领域的一般技术人员,通过阅读以下对优选实施例的详细描述,本发明的许多其他优点和好处将变得更加清楚。
附图说明
本发明可以在部件和部件设计以及步骤和步骤设计等方面采用不同的形式。附图仅用于示出优选实施例,不应将其理解为对本发明进行限制。
图1为按照本发明的计算机断层扫描器的示意图;
图2为按照本发明的,包括惯性阻尼器的下层空气轴承元件的透视图;
图3为图2的具有单个实体连接器的惯性阻尼器的另一个实施例;
图4为图2的空气轴承元件的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,CT扫描器10包括对象床12,用于将位于其上的对象移入或移出成像区域14。来自X射线源16的X射线被整形并校准为扇形光束,经过成像区域14并且被在成像区域14远侧的检测器部件20检测。在示出的第三代实施例中,源16与检测器部件20同时旋转,当源16围绕轴A旋转时,围绕成像区域14,源16距离检测器部件20总保持180°。或者,像在第四代CT扫描器中那样,在静止台架22上的各个检测器的静止环可以取代检测器阵列20。
当旋转台架24使X射线源16围绕对象旋转时,将检测到的X射线强度采集到数据存储器30中。在采集数据时,重构处理器32对采集到的数据实施卷积和反向投影算法或者其他重构技术,形成图像表示。图像表示被存储在图像存储器34中。视频处理器36提取图像表示的经过选择的部分并且对它们进行格式化,以便在人可读监视器38如CRT监视器、有源矩阵监视器或LCD显示器等上进行观察。
第一、旋转台架24位于第二、静止台架22里面。X射线源16和检测器阵列20安装在旋转台架24上。用球形接头将径向空气轴承元件40固定到静止台架22上并且紧挨着旋转台架24的轴承座圈42。如在背景技术中所讨论的,旋转台架24的重量使台架24与下层轴承元件40之间的空气轴承压缩,因而往往出现气锤现象。惯性阻尼器44被固定到下层轴承元件40上,以抑制气垫的移动。
参照图2,下层空气轴承元件40表现出气锤,即由箭头B表示的旋转。惯性阻尼器44包括阻尼器块46和弹性的阻尼连接器48。决46的尺寸与轴承元件40成比例,以便在气锤干扰的共振频率时起最大的阻尼作用。此外,距离干扰的旋转轴越远,(在这种情况下轴承元件40与静止台架22连接)阻尼器的作用将越强。最好,阻尼器44位于空气轴承元件40的端部,或者,可以将其置于轴承元件40的侧面而不是如图1、2和3所示的顶部。块46通过弹性连接器48与轴承元件40连接。连接器48由高阻尼的弹性聚合物制成。合适的聚合物包括聚氨酯和氨基中酸乙酯等,但不限于此。连接器48与惯性块46一起抑制固有气锤的主要部分。
连接器48起弹簧和阻尼器的作用。阻尼器块46和连接器48的阻尼频率被调整到比轴承元件40的不稳定频率略小的频率。当轴承元件40在其不稳定频率开始激励时,轴承元件40开始激励阻尼器块46。连接器吸收部分能量,由此减少了轴承元件40的运动。在优选实施例中,连接器包括多个销子,每个销子通过有螺纹的连接器固定到空气轴承元件40上。或者,如图3所示,连接器48可以是单个弹性块。应该理解,也可以考虑其它连接器和粘合剂。
参照图4,在机械示意图中可见优选实施例。可以由下列微分方程描述轴承元件40和阻尼器44的系统的运动:
以及
式中,z为沿着轴承元件40的一个轴线的位置,z2为沿着阻尼器块46的同一个轴线的位置,L为轴承元件40的旋转中心与阻尼器44的固定点之间的距离,Jp为轴承元件的旋转位移,Kp为空气轴承本身的旋转弹簧常数,K2为弹性连接器48的线性弹簧常数,Bp为将轴承元件40连接到静止台架22上的阻尼系数,B2为连接器48的阻尼系数,Ti为空气轴承元件40上的转矩,gc为重力转换常数,M为阻尼块48的质量。根据这些方程,假设Kp、Jp、Ti、L和Bp是已知的或测量得到的并且是固定的,则可以为B2、K2和M确定适当的值。
Claims (19)
1.一种诊断扫描设备,该设备包括:
第一旋转台架(24);
第二静止台架(22);
由所述第一台架(24)的内膛界定的成像区域(14);
包括多个轴承装置(40)轴承系统,其中,至少一个轴承装置(40)表现出机械扰动;
机械阻尼装置(44),与至少一个轴承装置(40)安装在一起,以抑制所述机械扰动。
2.如权利要求1所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,所述轴承系统是空气轴承系统。
3.如权利要求2所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,所述机械扰动是沿着与由轴承装置(40)对旋转台架(24)的作用力的方向垂直的方向的气锤。
4.如权利要求1、2和3中的任何一项所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,所述机械阻尼装置(44)包括:
阻尼块(46),用于提供与机械扰动的动量相反的动量;
弹性连接装置(48),用于吸收来自机械扰动的能量。
5.如权利要求4所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,所述弹性连接装置(48)包括多个连杆,用于将轴承装置(40)与阻尼装置(46)连接。
6.如权利要求5所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,用有螺纹的固定器将每个所述连杆固定到所述轴承装置(40)上。
7.如权利要求4、5和6中的任何一项所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,所述弹性连接装置(48)是聚氨酯和氨基甲酸乙酯中的一种。
8.如权利要求4-7中的任何一项所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,将所述弹性连接装置(48)和所述阻尼装置(46)调整为比机械扰动的共振频率略低的频率。
9.如前述权利要求中的任何一项所述的诊断扫描设备,其中,在机械扰动具有最大幅值的位置将所述机械阻尼装置(44)固定到所述轴承装置(40)上。
10.如前述权利要求中的任何一项所述的诊断扫描设备,还包括:
X射线产生装置(16),被安装到所述旋转台架(24)上,与所述旋转台架(24)一起旋转;
检测装置(20)阵列,用于在来自所述X射线产生装置(16)的X射线穿过所述成像区域(14)之后对X射线进行检测;
重构装置(32),用于将检测到的X射线重构为图像表示。
11.一种诊断扫描方法,该方法包括:
使旋转台架(24)围绕检查区域(14)中的对象旋转;
将所述旋转台架(24)支撑在多个轴承元件(40)上,其中,至少一个轴承元件(40)趋于按照特征频率振动;
对振动的轴承元件(40)进行机械阻尼。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述机械阻尼的步骤包括:
用弹性连接器(48)将块(46)安装到至少一个轴承元件(40)上。
13.如权利要求11和12中的一个所述的方法,还包括:
将所述块(46)和所述弹性连接器(48)的阻尼频率调整到接近所述特性振动频率的频率。
14.如权利要求11、12和13中的任何一项所述的方法,其中,所述阻尼频率略小于所述特性振动频率。
15.如权利要求11-14中的任何一项所述的方法,其中所述轴承元件(40)是空气轴承元件。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中,所述空气轴承元件(40)的振动引起气锤,气锤的能量被机械阻尼吸收,以减少气锤的运动。
17.如权利要求15和16中的一个所述的方法,其中,所述机械阻尼步骤包括:
用弹性元件(48)和与所述空气轴承元件(40)连接的所述块(46)吸收能量。
18.如权利要求11-17中的任何一项所述的方法,还包括:
发射穿过所述检查区域(14)的X射线;
检测穿过所述检查区域(14)之后的X射线;
将检测到的X射线重构为图像表示。
19.一种CT扫描器,包括:
静止台架(22);
多个空气轴承垫(40),被可移动地安装到所述静止台架上;
块(46),至少被通过弹性元件(18)安装到所述空气轴承垫中的下面的一个上;
旋转台架(24),具有由所述空气轴承垫(40)支撑的环形座圈(42);
X射线源(16),被安装到所述旋转台架上;
X射线检测器阵列(20),被安装到所述旋转和静止台架中的一个上,用于接收来自所述X射线源的X射线;
重构处理器(32),与所述检测器阵列连接,用于将所述检测器阵列的输出重构为电子图像表示。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/262,486 US7023952B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2002-10-01 | Mechanical damper for air pad instability |
US10/262,486 | 2002-10-01 |
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CN1684631A true CN1684631A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
CN100542486C CN100542486C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
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CNB038234874A Expired - Lifetime CN100542486C (zh) | 2002-10-01 | 2003-09-22 | 用于气垫不稳定性的机械阻尼器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7023952B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1551300B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4429910B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100542486C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003260884A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004030542A2 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
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CN101707409B (zh) * | 2008-08-11 | 2013-05-01 | 滑动环及设备制造有限公司 | 具有空气静力轴承和分段环形马达的ct扫描器机架 |
CN104703373A (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 西门子公司 | 成像医疗仪器的机架的转子的支承装置 |
CN113180710A (zh) * | 2020-01-29 | 2021-07-30 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | 用于减少医学成像振动的方法和系统 |
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WO2005000121A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Contour and scout scanning technique for pulsed x-ray large area ct detectors |
DE102006037543B4 (de) * | 2006-08-10 | 2009-08-27 | Aerolas Gmbh, Aerostatische Lager- Lasertechnik | Vorrichtung mit einem direkt angetriebenen Rotationskörper und aerostatisches Lager |
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US8681930B2 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2014-03-25 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | High speed rotating gantry |
CN101877999B (zh) * | 2007-11-30 | 2012-11-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 扫描架冷却 |
WO2009147604A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Air bearing dynamic z-axis balancing |
US9011001B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2015-04-21 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Rotating ring apparatus |
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US10557501B1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-02-11 | Metal Industries Research & Development Centre | Noncontact fluid bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
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2003
- 2003-09-22 CN CNB038234874A patent/CN100542486C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 EP EP03798999.3A patent/EP1551300B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 WO PCT/IB2003/004115 patent/WO2004030542A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-09-22 JP JP2004541045A patent/JP4429910B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 AU AU2003260884A patent/AU2003260884A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
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CN101707409B (zh) * | 2008-08-11 | 2013-05-01 | 滑动环及设备制造有限公司 | 具有空气静力轴承和分段环形马达的ct扫描器机架 |
CN104703373A (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 西门子公司 | 成像医疗仪器的机架的转子的支承装置 |
CN104703373B (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-07-07 | 西门子公司 | 成像医疗仪器的机架的转子的支承装置 |
CN113180710A (zh) * | 2020-01-29 | 2021-07-30 | 通用电气精准医疗有限责任公司 | 用于减少医学成像振动的方法和系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1551300A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
CN100542486C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
US20040062356A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
WO2004030542A3 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
EP1551300B1 (en) | 2016-09-14 |
JP2006501007A (ja) | 2006-01-12 |
AU2003260884A1 (en) | 2004-04-23 |
AU2003260884A8 (en) | 2004-04-23 |
US7023952B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 |
WO2004030542A2 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
JP4429910B2 (ja) | 2010-03-10 |
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