CN1678142A - 有机电致发光元件的制造方法 - Google Patents

有机电致发光元件的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1678142A
CN1678142A CNA2005100077659A CN200510007765A CN1678142A CN 1678142 A CN1678142 A CN 1678142A CN A2005100077659 A CNA2005100077659 A CN A2005100077659A CN 200510007765 A CN200510007765 A CN 200510007765A CN 1678142 A CN1678142 A CN 1678142A
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浜田祐次
神野浩
西村和树
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及寿命特性优异的有机电致发光元件的制造方法，用于制造在一对电极(2，8)之间设有空穴输送层(4)、第一发光层(5)和第二发光层(6)，第一发光层(5)含有至少一种掺杂材料和基质材料，基质材料使用与空穴输送层(4)的空穴输送性材料相同的化合物的有机电致发光元件，其中，空穴输送层(4)和第一发光层(5)在同一容器内连续形成。

Description

有机电致发光元件的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光元件的制造方法。
背景技术
由于有机电致发光元件(以下简称有机EL元件)在显示器和照明等方面的实用而受到积极开发。有机EL元件的驱动原理如下所述。即，从空穴注入电极和电子注入电极分别注入空穴和电子，在有机材料制载流子输送层中将其输送，在发光层中再结合，由此就能在发光材料中产生受激状态，由该受激状态发光。
已知，在特开2003-77676号公报等中揭示有下述有机EL元件，即，利用基质材料和发光性掺杂材料形成发光层，使来自基质材料的激发能高效移至发光性掺杂剂，由此提高发光效率。还有配置蓝色发光层和橙色发光层以用作发光层，制造发白光的有机EL元件的尝试。
发光层和载流子输送层等有机材料层一般利用真空蒸镀法形成。利用真空蒸镀法形成各层时，一般在容器内进行，但对于在同一容器内形成多层或在同一容器内形成何种层的优选条件尚未有详细研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供寿命特性显著提高的有机EL元件的制造方法。
本发明的有机EL元件的制造方法的特征在于，上述有机EL元件在一对电极之间设有空穴输送层、第一发光层和第二发光层，该第一发光层含有至少一种掺杂材料和基质材料，该基质材料使用与空穴输送层的空穴输送性材料相同的化合物，其中，空穴输送层和第一发光层在同一容器内连续形成。
在本发明的有机EL元件中，第一发光层所含的基质材料使用与空穴输送层的空穴输送性材料相同的化合物。在本发明中，在同一容器内连续形成使用相同化合物的空穴输送层和第一发光层。通过在同一容器内连续形成空穴输送层和第一发光层，可使有机EL元件的发光寿命特性得到显著提高。
在本发明中，对在同一容器内连续形成空穴输送层和第一发光层而得到良好寿命特性的理由未作详细说明，发明人认为，由于在同一容器内连续形成空穴输送层和第一发光层，空穴输送层和第一发光层的界面可达到良好状态，空穴输送层和第一发光层的有机材料不易产生老化。即，在本发明中，在空穴输送层和第一发光层中含有以NPB等三芳基胺类化合物为代表的芳基胺类化合物等空穴输送性材料，这些空穴输送性材料易受到吸附在其表面的氧或水的影响，因此，当空穴输送层和第一发光层的界面吸附有氧或水，界面处易发生相变化，由此有可能因化学反应而使有机材料发生变化。但根据本发明，由于在同一容器内连续形成空穴输送层和第一发光层，可防止这类界面的氧和水等的吸附，使发光层和空穴输送层中的有机材料不易产生老化。
在本发明中，形成橙色发光层的第一发光层，蓝色发光层的第二发光层，可制成发白光的有机EL元件。在橙色发光层中，基质材料可使用三芳基胺衍生物，由于该三芳基胺衍生物是空穴输送性材料，所以可用其形成空穴输送层。
在本发明中，空穴输送层和第一发光层在同一容器内连续形成。利用真空蒸镀法时，可利用容器内的蒸镀源盖的开闭改变蒸镀源而形成上述层。此时，由于基质材料和空穴输送性材料是相同化合物，所以这些化合物的蒸镀源可采用相同的蒸镀源。
根据本发明，通过在同一容器内连续形成空穴输送层和第一发光层，可制造寿命特性优异的有机EL元件。
附图说明
图1为按照本发明实施例制作的有机EL元件的结构的剖面图。
符号说明：1基板；2空穴注入电极；3空穴注入层；4空穴输送层；5橙色发光层；6蓝色发光层；7电子输送层；8电子注入电极。
具体实施方式
以下利用实施例具体说明本发明，但本发明不受限于下述实施例。
实施例1
制作具有图1所示结构的有机EL元件。参照图1，在基板1上，形成由ITO形成的空穴注入电极，在空穴注入电极2上，设有由NPB构成的空穴输送层4(厚度240nm)。在空穴输送层4上，设有橙色发光层5(厚度30nm)和蓝色发光层6(厚度40nm)。在蓝色发光层6上，形成由Alq构成的电子输送层7(厚度30nm)。在电子输送层7上，设有由LiF(厚度1nm)和Al(厚度250nm)构成的电子注入电极8。
橙色发光层5将NPB用作基质材料，将3重量％的DBzR用作发光性掺杂材料，将20重量％的tBuDPN用作载流子输送性掺杂材料。
蓝色发光层6将TBADN用作基质材料，将2重量％的TBP用作发光性掺杂材料，将7重量％的NPB用作载流子输送性掺杂材料。
由CFx构成的空穴注入层3利用等离子体CVD法形成。此外的各层利用真空蒸镀法形成。
如表1所示，空穴输送层4和橙色发光层5在容器A内连续形成，蓝色发光层6在容器B内形成，电子输送层7在容器C内形成。
实施例2
如表1所示，在容器A内连续形成空穴输送层和橙色发光层，在容器B内连续形成蓝色发光层和电子输送层。
比较例1
如表1所示，在容器A内形成空穴输送层，在容器B内连续形成橙色发光层和蓝色发光层，在容器C内形成电子输送层。
比较例2
如表1所示，在容器A内形成空穴输送层，在容器B内形成橙色发光层，在容器C内连续形成蓝色发光层和电子输送层。
比较例3
如表1所示，在容器A内形成空穴输送层，在容器B内形成橙色发光层，在容器C内形成蓝色发光层，在容器D内形成电子输送层。
形成各层时所用的有机材料如下所示。
NPB是N，N′-二(1-萘基)-N，N′-二苯基联苯胺，具有下述结构。
Figure A20051000776500061
DBzR是5，12-二(4-(6-甲基苯并噻唑-2-基)苯基)-6，11-二苯并四苯，具有下述结构。
tBuDPN是5，12-二(4-叔丁基苯基)并四苯，具有下述结构。
Figure A20051000776500063
TBADN是2-叔丁基-9，10-二(2-萘基)蒽，具有下述结构。
Figure A20051000776500064
TBP是2，5，8，11-四叔丁基-二萘嵌苯，具有下述结构。
Alq是三-(8-羟基喹啉)铝(III)，具有下述结构。
表1
实施例1 容器A 容器B 容器C
空穴输送层 橙色发光层 青色发光层 电子输送层
NPB(240) NPB+3％DBzR+20％tBuDPN(30) TBADN+2％TBP+7％NPB(40) Alq(30)
实施例2 容器A 容器B
空穴 橙色发光层 青色发光层 电子输送层
NPB(240) NPB+3％DBzR+20％tBuDPN(30) TBADN+2％TBP+7％NPB(40) Alq(30)
比较例1 容器A 容器B 容器C
空穴 橙色发光层 青色发光层 电子输送层
NPB(240) NPB+3％DBzR+20％tBuDPN(30) TBADN+2％TBP+7％NPB(40) Alq(30)
比较例2 容器A 容器B 容器C
空穴 橙色发光层 青色发光层 电子输送层
NPB(240) NPB+3％DBzR+20％tBuDPN(30) TBADN+2％TBP+7％NPB(40) Alq(30)
比较例3 容器A 容器B 容器C 容器D
空穴 橙色发光层 青色发光层 电子输送层
NPB(240) NPB+3％DBzR+20％tBuDPN(30) TBADN+2％TBP+7％NPB(40) Alq(30)
有机EL元件的评价
测量实施例1和2以及比较例1～3的各有机EL元件的发光效率、驱动电压和寿命(半衰期)。测量结果见表2。
表2
  发光效率   驱动电压     发光色     寿命(半衰期)
  at 20mA/cm2   at 20mA/cm2     at 5000cd/cm2
  实施例1   13.0cd/A   7.0V     白色     2200hr
  实施例2   13.2cd/A   6.9V     白色     2300hr
  比较例1   11.6cd/A   7.0V     白色     1100hr
  比较例2   11.6cd/A   7.1V     白色     1050hr
  比较例3   11.5cd/A   6.9V     白色     900hr
根据表2所示结果可知，按照本发明的空穴输送层和橙色发光层在同一容器连续形成的实施例1和2的有机EL元件，与比较例1～3的有机EL元件相比，显示出2倍以上的长寿命特性。与比较例1～3相比可知，橙色发光层和蓝色发光层的连续形成或蓝色发光层和电子输送层的连续形成达不到本发明的效果，只有空穴输送层和橙色发光层连续形成时，寿命特性才有特别的提高。

Claims (4)

1.有机电致发光元件的制造方法，其特征在于，
所述有机电致发光元件在一对电极之间设有空穴输送层、第一发光层和第二发光层，所述第一发光层含有至少一种掺杂材料和基质材料，所述基质材料使用与所述空穴输送层的空穴输送性材料相同的化合物，其中，所述空穴输送层和所述第一发光层在同一容器内连续形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光元件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述第一发光层为橙色发光层，所述第二发光层为蓝色发光层。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的有机电致发光元件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述空穴输送层和所述第一发光层利用真空蒸镀法通过改变蒸镀源而连续形成。
4.如权利要求1～3任一项所述的有机电致发光元件的制造方法，其特征在于，所述空穴输送性材料和所述基质材料是三芳基胺衍生物。
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CN102074656A (zh) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-25 乐金显示有限公司 白色有机发光器件
CN102694127A (zh) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-26 株式会社东芝 有机电场发光元件、显示装置和照明装置
CN104505463A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-04-08 桂林电子科技大学 一种双层发光层结构的白光oled器件
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