CN1664066A - Combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracking device thereof - Google Patents
Combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracking device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1664066A CN1664066A CN 200510037835 CN200510037835A CN1664066A CN 1664066 A CN1664066 A CN 1664066A CN 200510037835 CN200510037835 CN 200510037835 CN 200510037835 A CN200510037835 A CN 200510037835A CN 1664066 A CN1664066 A CN 1664066A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound biological gasification stove and thermal cracking device, the main point of which is: it is comprised with two biological gasification stove, four U-shaped catalytic reactor, catalyst, one aerator and air regulator. The gas produced in the gasification stove 1 is introduced to the catalyst 3, taking part in the first thermal cracking; through the modification by the aerator a part of gas flow is introduced into the gasification stove 1 and mixed with catalyst 11,taking part in the second thermal cracking and the new produced gas flow is introduced to the catalyst 3 and for the third thermal cracking; another part of gas flow is introduced into gasification stove 26 and mixed with catalyst 21 for the fourth thermal cracking, and is introduced into upper catalyst 25 for the fifth thermal cracking; and therefore, the oil tar is cracked thoroughly. The invention is characterized by the low production cost, convenient usage, and the improvement in oil tar cracking efficiency, gasifying efficiency and gas thermal value on the original base.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to vapourizing furnace, be specifically related to a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker.
Background technology:
Early 1980s, China just begins that biomass thermal is decomposed gasification technology to be studied, and develops the vapourizing furnace of various ways.Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, and reserves are very abundant, and energy utilization as an alternative can realize CO
2Zero discharging, and S wherein, N content are low, alleviate Greenhouse effect and environmental pollution greatly.
The subject matter that present domestic biomass gasification technology exists is that fuel gases calorific value is lower, and the tar that gasification produces is more, causes the gas-purification difficulty, influences the works better of vapourizing furnace.The gas-purification system takes simple washing to handle usually, and not only cause the severe contamination of washing water, and be unfavorable for the efficient operation of gasification system, and waste energy and resource.Coke tar cracking is the effective ways that solve the tar pollution problem, has only after tar content reduces significantly, and containing the tar and waste water problem could solve.But under present state of the art, be difficult to guarantee tar cracking fully, or make the tar qualified discharge that the user who has often directly discharges in order to reduce cost, objectionable impurities is higher than environmental protection requirement in the waste water, has brought secondary pollution.
Chinese patent Granted publication CN1098910C, Granted publication day is on January 15th, 2003, name is called " thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace ", " a kind of thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace " disclosed, in patent document, illustrate " the cracking and catalyzing reaction bed is set on furnace bottom; ..., described catalyzer is the thermal cracking catalyst of using always, for example granular rhombspar, ferric oxide, activated carbon etc.Be provided with under the situation of catalytic bed, because the effect of catalyzer, its scission reaction is more abundant, has further improved goudron lysis rate, vaporization rate and fuel gases calorific value.”
Though the tar of above-mentioned cracking catalyst cleavable more than 60%, but the distribution of particle sizes of catalyst themselves, be worth redesign, in patent document " referring to Fig. 3; present embodiment is to have set up the catalytic bed that is full of catalyzer on furnace bottom; be pellet type catalyst (11), particle diameter is about 1～3cm, as the particulate state rhombspar." particle diameter of finished product ferric oxide, activated carbon will be less than 1～3cm; under particle diameter and situation inequality; rhombspar, ferric oxide, activated carbon are difficult to be evenly distributed; will directly have influence on the actual catalytic effect of catalyzer like this; the price comparison height of activated carbon; not only strengthened the cost of gasification, and use also inconvenient.
Chinese patent Granted publication CN1116383C, July 30 2003 Granted publication day, name is called " a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace and gas preparation method thereof ", disclose " a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace; include a fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace of the prior art; it is characterized in that, described fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace also be provided with a biomass carbonization stove nearby, be provided with connecting tube between the inlet mouth of outlet of fixed bed downdraft fuel gas of gasifying furnace and gas retort; Described biomass carbonization stove is made up of body of heater, fire grate, air inlet/outlet and ash discharging hole, and its fire grate is divided into upper and lower burner hearth with furnace chamber, and inlet mouth is in lower hearth portion, and the air outlet is in upper furnace portion.”
The result of use of foregoing invention should be relatively good, but also be " it is characterized in that, at described fixed bed downdraft vapourizing furnace also be provided with a biomass carbonization stove nearby ", is not to be the combined biomass vaporization furnace of real meaning.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point in the prior art, provide a kind of low production cost, easy to use, goudron lysis rate, vaporization rate and fuel gases calorific value all than higher combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker.Combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker are made up of two biomass gasifying furnaces, quadruplet U type catalyst converter, catalyzer, gas blower and blast regulator.
The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
The present invention adopts two biomass gasifying furnaces, and the common system gas of participating in the thermal cracker of combined type, provides purified fuel gas flow to use for the user.Two biomass gasifying furnaces can be lighted a fire simultaneously, by a gas blower, respectively to two biomass gasifying furnace air-supplies, after first vapourizing furnace produces fuel gas flow, fuel gas flow is at first from the numerous air outlet opening in vapourizing furnace top, enter in the beaded catalyst on top, participate in primary thermo-cracking, fuel gas flow enters pipeline 5 from the stainless steel woven wire of air outlet, and, entering gas blower from the blast inlet of gas blower, the adjustable plate of the blast regulator by gas blower carries out the air quantity adjustment, wherein a part of fuel gas flow, enter in the U type catalyst converter and beaded catalyst of bottom of first vapourizing furnace, participate in secondary thermo-cracking, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking, through the burning intake opening, enter furnace chamber and mix,, enter and participate in new one in the beaded catalyst on top and take turns thermo-cracking once more from air outlet opening with de novo fuel gas flow, produce new fuel gas flow in rapid succession, enter the system gas program of next round.
Because the katalysis of catalyzer, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking constantly passes through the high-temperature zone of furnace chamber in addition, and the tar in the fuel gas flow is cracked into inflammable gas and a small amount of other material.
Another part fuel gas flow, blast regulator by gas blower, carry out the air quantity adjustment with adjustable plate, (in earlier stage in the igniting beginning, gas blower should be big slightly to the air quantity of first vapourizing furnace supply, after system gas is normal, look system gas situation, remake suitable adjustment), by the pipeline of gas blower, with the fuel gas flow of first vapourizing furnace, in the beaded catalyst of the bottom U type catalyst converter of second vapourizing furnace of input, participate in the 4th time thermo-cracking, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking enters furnace chamber through the burning intake opening and mixes with de novo fuel gas flow, from air outlet opening, enter in the beaded catalyst on top, carry out thermo-cracking the 5th time, tar has obtained sufficient thermo-cracking, fresh purified fuel gas flow, it is stand-by to send into gas storage holder.
Catalyzer is made up of raw materials such as attapulgite clay, alumine, ferric oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide, through batching, granulation, sinter particulate state into, granularity 4～ 10mm, biomass gasification catalyst and production method, separate case application patent of invention.
Combined biomass vaporization furnace of the present invention and thermal cracker, make low production cost, easy to use, fuel gas flow is through five thermo-crackings, goudron lysis rate can reach more than 90%, vaporization rate improves 20% on former basis, fuel gases calorific value improves 25% on former basis, economical and practical, is applicable to that various biomass are as raw material, produce inflammable gas, use for family, restaurant, bathroom, office, industrial enterprise.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker.
As shown in the figure:
1 is first vapourizing furnace, the 2nd, the top air outlet opening of vapourizing furnace, the 3rd, the beaded catalyst on vapourizing furnace top, the 4th, air outlet stainless steel woven wire, the 5th, the fuel gas flow outlet conduit after purifying, the 6th, gas blower, the 7th, blast regulator, the 8th, the adjustable plate of blast regulator, the 9th, gas blower leads to the pipeline of first vapourizing furnace, the 10th, U type catalyst converter, the 11st, the beaded catalyst of vapourizing furnace bottom, the 12nd, the burning intake opening of vapourizing furnace, the 13rd, fuel gas flow direction, the 14th, refractory concrete, the 15th, ash output hole, the 16th, the beaded catalyst opening for feed of U type catalyst converter, the 17th, the beaded catalyst discharge port of U type catalyst converter, the 18th, cooling water tank, the 33rd, the furnace chamber of vapourizing furnace.
26 is second vapourizing furnace, the 19th, gas blower leads to the pipeline of second vapourizing furnace, the 20th, U type catalyst converter, the 21st, the beaded catalyst of vapourizing furnace bottom, the 22nd, the burning intake opening, the 23rd, the fuel gas flow direction, the 24th, the top air outlet opening of vapourizing furnace, the 25th, the beaded catalyst on vapourizing furnace top, the 27th, the outlet conduit of pure combustible gas, the 28th, cooling water tank, the 29th, refractory concrete, the 30th, the beaded catalyst opening for feed of U type catalyst converter, the 31st, the ash output hole of vapourizing furnace, the 32nd, the beaded catalyst discharge port of U type catalyst converter, the 34th, the furnace chamber of vapourizing furnace.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
The present invention adopts two biomass gasifying furnaces, and the common system gas of participating in the thermal cracker of combined type, provides purified fuel gas flow to use for the user.
Two vapourizing furnaces 1 and 26, light a fire after installing biomass fuel, by gas blower 6, respectively to two biomass gasifying furnaces 1 and 26 air-supplies, after first vapourizing furnace 1 produced fuel gas flow, fuel gas flow is the numerous air outlet opening 2 from vapourizing furnace top at first, flows in the beaded catalyst 3 on top, participate in primary thermo-cracking, fuel gas flow enters pipeline 5 from the stainless steel woven wire 4 of air outlet, and fuel gas flow is from the blast inlet of gas blower, enter gas blower 6, by the blast regulator 7 of gas blower, carry out the air quantity adjustment with adjustable plate 8, wherein a part of fuel gas flow respectively, by pipeline 9, enter in the U type catalyst converter 10 and beaded catalyst 11 of bottom of first vapourizing furnace 1, participate in secondary thermo-cracking, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking, through burning intake opening 12, enter furnace chamber 33 and mix,, enter and participate in new one in the beaded catalyst 3 on top and take turns thermo-cracking once more from air outlet opening 2 with de novo fuel gas flow 13, produce new fuel gas flow in rapid succession, enter the system gas program of next round.The 14th, refractory concrete, the 15th, ash output hole, the 16th, the beaded catalyst opening for feed of U type catalyst converter, the 17th, the beaded catalyst discharge port of U type catalyst converter, the 18th, cooling water tank,
Because the katalysis of catalyzer 3, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking constantly passes through the high-temperature zone of furnace chamber in addition, and the tar in the fuel gas flow is cracked into inflammable gas and a small amount of other material.
Another part fuel gas flow, blast regulator 7 by gas blower, carry out the air quantity adjustment with adjustable plate 8, by pipeline 19, enter in the beaded catalyst 21 of bottom U type catalyst converter 20 of second vapourizing furnace 26, participate in thermo-cracking for the third time, the fuel gas flow after the thermo-cracking enters furnace chamber 34 through burning intake opening 22 and mixes with de novo fuel gas flow 23, from air outlet opening 24, enter in the beaded catalyst 25 on top, carry out thermo-cracking the 4th time, tar has obtained sufficient thermo-cracking, fresh purified fuel gas flow, through outlet conduit 27, it is stand-by to send into gas storage holder, and the 28th, cooling water tank, the 29th, refractory concrete, the 30th, the beaded catalyst opening for feed of U type catalyst converter, the 31st, the ash output hole of vapourizing furnace, the 32nd, the beaded catalyst discharge port of U type catalyst converter.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker is characterized in that, combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracker are by being made up of two biomass gasifying furnaces, quadruplet U type catalyst converter, catalyzer, gas blower and blast regulator.
2, a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace according to claim 1 and thermal cracker, it is characterized in that, behind vapourizing furnace 1 aerogenesis, enter in the catalyzer 3, participate in thermo-cracking for the first time, by the air quantity adjustment of gas blower, a part of fuel gas flow, enter the catalyzer 11 in the vapourizing furnace 1, participate in thermo-cracking for the second time,, enter catalyzer 3 once more with the fuel gas flow of new generation, participate in thermo-cracking for the third time, another part fuel gas flow in the catalyzer 21 of input vapourizing furnace 26, is participated in thermo-cracking the 4th time, and enter the catalyzer 25 on top, carry out thermo-cracking the 5th time.
3, a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace according to claim 1 and thermal cracker is characterized in that, in every biomass gasifying furnace, the U type catalyst converter of a platform independent is respectively installed in top and the bottom, place a certain amount of catalyzer in the catalyst converter.
4, a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace according to claim 1 and thermal cracker is characterized in that, two biomass gasifying furnaces, a shared gas blower and blast regulator.
5, a kind of combined biomass vaporization furnace according to claim 1 and thermal cracker is characterized in that blast regulator is regulated air quantity with adjustable plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510037835 CN1664066A (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | Combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracking device thereof |
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| CN 200510037835 CN1664066A (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | Combined biomass vaporization furnace and thermal cracking device thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100387689C (en) * | 2006-03-04 | 2008-05-14 | 荆门市金吉化工有限公司 | Process for preparing fuel oil by using coal tar |
| CN101225315B (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2011-03-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for biomass compound gasification |
| CN104566507B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-04-05 | 南昌大学 | A kind of lignocellulose-like biomass is without tar cooking range capable of gasifying |
-
2005
- 2005-02-25 CN CN 200510037835 patent/CN1664066A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100387689C (en) * | 2006-03-04 | 2008-05-14 | 荆门市金吉化工有限公司 | Process for preparing fuel oil by using coal tar |
| CN101225315B (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2011-03-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for biomass compound gasification |
| CN104566507B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-04-05 | 南昌大学 | A kind of lignocellulose-like biomass is without tar cooking range capable of gasifying |
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