CN1663727A - Fusion welding method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar metals - Google Patents
Fusion welding method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN1663727A CN1663727A CN 200510042591 CN200510042591A CN1663727A CN 1663727 A CN1663727 A CN 1663727A CN 200510042591 CN200510042591 CN 200510042591 CN 200510042591 A CN200510042591 A CN 200510042591A CN 1663727 A CN1663727 A CN 1663727A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fusion welding of magnesium and Al heterogeneous metals, which adopts low magnesium Al alloy weld stick as the filling materials, the indifferent gas to protect, the electromagnetic pulse AC tungsten Ar arc to weld magnesium and Al. there into, the mass percentages of the weld stick are: magnesium is 0.5-3.0% with 2.0-3.0mm diameter; the said indifferent gas is Ar gas with purity more than 99.9%; the parameter of the tungsten Ar arc welding is: the basic current is 50-130A, the impulse current is 200-350A, the impulse time is 5-10s, the impulse frequency is 35-75Hz, the welding voltage is 24-26V, the welding speed is 1.0mm/s-1.8mm/s, the Ar gas flux is 10-18L/min, the extension length of the tungsten polar is 5-6mm, the distance between the welding torch jet and the working piece is 6mm-10mm, the thickness of the working piece is 1.5mm-14mm. the invention has high welding efficiency, low cost, convenient operation, and is suitable for the manufacturing of magnesium-Al heterogeneous compound structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the welding method between a kind of dissimilar metal, relate in particular to the fusion welding method between a kind of magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Along with the development of contemporary science and technology, people have proposed more and more higher requirement to the performance of material, and traditional homogenous material is difficult to satisfy the requirement of modern project structure to the material combination property, and novel foreign material Welding Structure is subjected to people's common concern.Reactive metal magnesium, aluminium and alloy thereof are the light metals that is used for high-technology fields such as aviation, electronics, communication, are one of new materials of state key development in recent years.
At the performance requirement of some special occasions, magnesium and aluminium are connected to form composite construction both can economical with materials, can give full play to two kinds of metals performance advantage separately again, improved aviation, communication and the automobile manufacturing field performance requirement to light structures spare.But physics, the chemical property of magnesium and aluminium are widely different, and the two surface all very easily forms oxide-film, hinders its connection combination.Connector area crystal grain was thick when magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal adopted fusion welding method, formed the magnalium compound of fragility in the weld seam, easily caused producing weld crack and joint obdurability and was difficult to satisfy instructions for use in the engineering.
At present, methods such as electron beam welding, Laser Welding, vacuum brazing, diffusion welding (DW) are mainly adopted in the welding of relevant magnesium, aluminium and alloy same material thereof both at home and abroad.But to the welding of magnesium and aluminium xenovitalism metal, bibliographical information both domestic and external is few.U.S. University of Texas adopts friction stir welding to realize being connected at Mg and 6061 aluminium alloys, but friction stir welding is that friction generates heat for the dependence stirring-head, thereby make Elements Diffusion and crystal grain reconfigure the combination that realizes metal, strict to the workpiece location, only be suitable for straight joint, be difficult to realize being connected of angle welding and complicated joint.Israel A.Ben-Artzy etc. adopt different welding wires as filling metal, weld at fine aluminium 6063 and casting Mg alloy with argon tungsten-arc welding and electron beam welding, discovery eutectic structure occurs near the joint fusion area, form continuous fragility phase near Mg alloy side fusion area.Therefore, the existence of frangible compounds is to cause joint fragility and the lower main cause of intensity in the melting welding fusion area.
Solve magnesium and weld a difficult problem, will produce impetus the application of magnesium and alloy and Mg/Al xenogenesis composite construction with aluminum dissimilar metal.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency in existing magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal solder technology, low etc. as connector area embrittlement, obdurability, the problem to be solved in the present invention is, proposes a kind of fusion welding method of simple and easy to do, magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal that welding efficiency is high.Adopt method of the present invention can obtain the welding point of flawless, no magnalium compound fragility phase, strength of joint is greater than 140MPa, and percentage elongation can satisfy magnesium-aluminium xenogenesis composite construction instructions for use aborning greater than 20%.
Magnesium that the present invention relates to and the fusion welding method between aluminum dissimilar metal, adopt the low magnalium welding wire as packing material, inert gas shielding, with electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding welding magnesium and aluminium, wherein, described low magnalium welding wire by percentage to the quality, content of magnesium is 0.5%～3.0%, diameter is 2.0～3.0mm; Described inert gas is an argon gas, and its purity is greater than 99.9%; The welding condition of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding is: background current 50A～130A, pulse current 200A～350A, pulse duration 5s～10s, pulse frequency 35Hz～75Hz, weldingvoltage 24V～26V, speed of welding 1.0mm/s～1.8mm/s, argon flow amount 10L/min～18L/min, tungsten electrode extension elongation 5mm～6mm, torch neck from workpiece apart from 6mm～10mm, the thickness 1.5mm～14mm of welded part.
Above-mentioned low magnalium welding wire is before welding, and welding wire cleans with alkali wash, and the welding wire after the cleaning should use in 12h.
Above-mentioned alkali wash cleaning step is, earlier remove the welding wire surface greasy dirt with acetone, be 15% NaOH solution again with mass percent, under 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, clean 10min～15min,, in mass percent is 30% salpeter solution, clean then afterwards with the clear water flushing, after the water flushing, under 40 ℃～60 ℃ conditions, dry again.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the banjo fixing butt jointing groove wherein, when the wall thickness difference is less than or equal to 2mm, can directly weld with milling cutter, rotation type beveling machine or machined into; When wall thickness difference during more than or equal to 3mm, should be to a thicker side pipe wall with 14 ° of transition skivings to thin side.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopt the high-frequency impulse striking, open argon gas before the striking earlier, keep circulation 20s～30s with deaeration, and utilize argon gas stream to take away, find the striking point accurately attached to the moisture on the wireway inwall, at tube sheet groove up-igniting electric arc, arc length keeps 2mm～3mm; When receiving arc, in order to prevent to produce crater crack and shrinkage cavity, receive the arc place and want many filler wires, control the welding current decay of delaying time gradually then, argon gas will continue the 5s～10s that circulates after the current interruption, to prevent the tungsten electrode oxidation.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, should note keeping the locus between welding gun, welding wire and the weldment three, preferably 10 °～30 ° of the angles between welding wire and the weldment, preferably 45 °～90 ° of the angles between welding gun and the weldment.
In the welding of above-mentioned electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the angle between welding wire and the weldment most preferably is 15 °～30 °, and the angle between welding gun and the weldment most preferably is 90 °.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the preferred water-cooled of the type of cooling.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopt express delivery and add the silk filling method of welding wire less, the welding wire end will be within the protection domain of argon gas all the time, prevents oxide-film formation.
Wherein, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopt balanced welding or disperse the weldering mode, to reduce welding stress.
Magnesium that employing the present invention relates to and the fusion welding method between aluminum dissimilar metal, the welding efficiency height, cost is low, and is easy to use flexible, the welding point of flawless, no magnalium frangible compounds can be obtained, magnesium-aluminium xenogenesis composite construction instructions for use aborning can be satisfied.
Method of the present invention is by accurately adjusting as background current, pulse current, pulse duration, pulse frequency isopulse parameter, control welding pool curing condition, fusion area fusing and the condition that produces crystallization again, compare with the fusion welding method of routine, eliminate weld seam and the formation mutually of fusion area magnalium compound fragility, reduced the cold cracking inclination of joint; Compare with direct diffusion welding method with other fusion welding methods, strength of joint is brought up to 140MPa, and percentage elongation is greater than 20%, can satisfy in the industrial production instructions for use to magnesium-aluminum metal xenogenesis composite component.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The employing diameter is the low magnalium welding wire of 3mm, content of magnesium 2.0%～2.5%, is that the outer angle joint of 10mm magnesium plate and aluminium sheet carries out the electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding to thickness.Earlier with the removal of acetone, use 15%NaOH solution then before the weldering, under 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, clean 15min, clean, carry out 60 ℃ of oven dry after the water flushing again with the clear water flushing, and then with 30% salpeter solution with the welding wire surface greasy dirt.Welding condition is: background current 70A～100A, pulse current 220A～320A, pulse duration 6s～9s, weldingvoltage 25V, speed of welding 1.4mm/s～1.7mm/s, argon flow amount 15L/min～18L/min.
In the welding process, keep welding gun and angle welding level board angle at 45, the inclination angle between welding wire and the level board weldment remains on 15 °～20 °, and nozzle is 6mm from the distance of workpiece, tungsten electrode extension elongation 5mm, and the aluminium alloy welding wire end is among the argon shield all the time.When welding finished, at first extinguish arcs stopped to carry argon gas again behind the hysteresis 8s.
Embodiment 2:
The employing diameter is the low magnalium welding wire of 2mm, content of magnesium 1.5%～2.0%, is that 6mm magnesium plate and aluminium sheet banjo fixing butt jointing carry out the electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding to thickness.Earlier with the removal of acetone with the welding wire surface greasy dirt, use 15%NaOH solution then before the weldering, under 25 ℃ ± 2 ℃ conditions, clean 12min, the clear water flushing is cleaned with 30% salpeter solution again, carries out 50 ℃ of oven dry after the water flushing.Welding condition is: background current 80A～110A, pulse current 200A～260A, pulse duration 5s～8s, weldingvoltage 25V, speed of welding 1.3mm/s～1.5mm/s, argon flow amount 12L/min～15L/min.
In the welding process, welding gun is vertical with weldment, and nozzle is 9mm from the distance of workpiece, tungsten electrode extension elongation 6mm, and the inclination angle between welding wire and the weldment remains on 15 °～20 °, and the aluminium alloy welding wire end is among the argon shield all the time.When welding finishes, at first disconnect electric arc, continue to stop to carry argon gas again behind the 6s.
Embodiment 3:
The employing diameter is the low magnalium welding wire of 2mm, content of magnesium 2.0%～2.5%, and it is that magnesium pipe and the aluminum pipe banjo fixing butt jointing of 60mm carries out the electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding that wall thickness is 4mm, mouth of pipe external diameter.Earlier logical argon gas 20～30s before the striking is to get rid of inner air tube.In the whole welding process, fill the argon gas of purity 99.95% in the pipe all the time and protect.
The cleaning of low magnalium welding wire is with embodiment 1 before the weldering.Welding condition is: background current 60A～100A, pulse current 200A～240A, pulse duration 5s～7s, weldingvoltage 24V, speed of welding 1.1mm/s～1.3mm/s, argon flow amount 10L/min～12L/min.
Tungsten electrode extension elongation in the welding process is 5mm, and nozzle is 8mm from the distance of workpiece, keeps pipe fitting to rotate, and welding pool is horizontal all the time, and the inclination angle between welding wire and the weldment remains on 10 °～15 °.When receiving arc, make final welding bead cover about 2/3 place of initial welding bead.
Claims (10)
1. the fusion welding method between magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal, adopt the low magnalium welding wire as packing material, inert gas shielding, with electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding welding magnesium and aluminium, it is characterized in that, described low magnalium welding wire by percentage to the quality, content of magnesium is 0.5%～3.0%, diameter is 2.0～3.0mm; Described inert gas is an argon gas, and its purity is greater than 99.9%; The welding condition of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding is: background current 50A～130A, pulse current 200A～350A, pulse duration 5s～10s, pulse frequency 35Hz～75Hz, weldingvoltage 24V～26V, speed of welding 1.0mm/s～1.8mm/s, argon flow amount 10L/min～18L/min, tungsten electrode extension elongation 5mm～6mm, torch neck from workpiece apart from 6mm～10mm, the thickness 1.5mm～14mm of welded part.
2. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal is characterized in that, described low magnalium welding wire is before welding, and welding wire cleans with alkali wash, and the welding wire after the cleaning should use in 12h.
3. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 2 and aluminum dissimilar metal, it is characterized in that, described alkali wash cleaning step is that the welding wire surface greasy dirt is removed with acetone by elder generation, is 15% NaOH solution again with mass percent, under 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃ conditions, clean 10min～15min,, in mass percent is 30% salpeter solution, clean then afterwards with the clear water flushing, after the water flushing, under 40 ℃ ~ 60 ℃ conditions, dry again.
4. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal, it is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, banjo fixing butt jointing groove milling cutter, rotation type beveling machine or machined into, wherein, when the wall thickness difference is less than or equal to 2mm, can directly weld; When wall thickness difference during more than or equal to 3mm, should be to a thicker side pipe wall with 14 ° of transition skivings to thin side.
5. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal, it is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopt the high-frequency impulse striking, open argon gas before the striking earlier, keep circulation 20s～30s with deaeration, and utilize argon gas stream to take away attached to the moisture on the wireway inwall, find the striking point accurately, at tube sheet groove up-igniting electric arc, arc length keeps 2mm～3mm, welding current time-delay decay when receiving arc, argon gas will continue the 5s～8s that circulates after the current interruption, to prevent the tungsten electrode oxidation.
6. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal, it is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the angle between welding wire and the weldment is 10 °～30 °, and the angle between welding gun and the weldment is 45 °～90 °.
7. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 6 and aluminum dissimilar metal is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the angle between welding wire and the weldment is 15 °～30 °, and the angle between welding gun and the weldment is 90 °.
8. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, the type of cooling is a water-cooled.
9. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal; it is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopt express delivery and add the silk filling method of welding wire less; the welding wire end will be within the protection domain of argon gas all the time, prevents that oxide-film from forming.
10. the fusion welding method between magnesium according to claim 1 and aluminum dissimilar metal is characterized in that, in the welding of described electromagnetic pulse ac tungsten inert gases welding, adopts balanced welding or disperses the weldering mode, to reduce welding stress.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200510042591XA CN1326655C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Fusion welding method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar metals |
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| CNB200510042591XA CN1326655C (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | Fusion welding method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar metals |
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| CN1663727A true CN1663727A (en) | 2005-09-07 |
| CN1326655C CN1326655C (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100450691C (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-01-14 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Narrow-gap all position pusle automatic argon arc welding technique for dissimillar nicklel-based alloys |
| CN101195187B (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2010-06-09 | 山东大学 | Iron and aluminum intermetallic compound and steel impulse fusion welding method |
| CN101817115A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-01 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Lap joint method, twin wire welding method and system thereof for welding groove |
| CN102015193A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| CN102079003A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-01 | 陕西国德电气制造有限公司 | Automatic TIG gasket-free single-side welding and double-side molding process for aluminum alloy |
| CN101518848B (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate |
| CN101546943B (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2012-02-29 | 江苏通达动力科技股份有限公司 | Process for welding repair of motor rotor |
| CN102615396A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-08-01 | 山东大学 | Filling wire inert gas protective welding method for magnesium alloy pipe and aluminum alloy pipe |
| CN102658428A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Laser welding method for 20CrMnTi carburizing steel and nodular cast iron dissimilar materials |
| CN103586568A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Aluminum alloy thick plate welding process |
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| DE2503046A1 (en) * | 1974-01-29 | 1975-08-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | PROCESS FOR WELDING THICK ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS PLATES |
| CN1146386A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-02 | 李嘉文 | Method for welding different metal on golf club head |
| DE19950150A1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-04-19 | Ching Chyi Zhong | Welding two metals having different melting points comprises applying the low melting metal to the other metal and welding together using an inert gas |
| CN2605953Y (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-03-10 | 北京时代科技股份有限公司 | A.C. argon arc welder |
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| CN100450691C (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-01-14 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Narrow-gap all position pusle automatic argon arc welding technique for dissimillar nicklel-based alloys |
| CN101195187B (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2010-06-09 | 山东大学 | Iron and aluminum intermetallic compound and steel impulse fusion welding method |
| CN101546943B (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2012-02-29 | 江苏通达动力科技股份有限公司 | Process for welding repair of motor rotor |
| US8592715B2 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2013-11-26 | Panasonic Corporation | Hybrid welding method and hybrid welding apparatus |
| CN102015193A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| CN102015193B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2013-07-24 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| CN101518848B (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate |
| CN101817115A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-01 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Lap joint method, twin wire welding method and system thereof for welding groove |
| CN101817115B (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-04-18 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Lap joint method |
| CN102079003A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-01 | 陕西国德电气制造有限公司 | Automatic TIG gasket-free single-side welding and double-side molding process for aluminum alloy |
| CN102079003B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西国德电气制造有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy automatic TIG linerless single-side welding double-side forming technique |
| CN102615396A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-08-01 | 山东大学 | Filling wire inert gas protective welding method for magnesium alloy pipe and aluminum alloy pipe |
| CN102615396B (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-06-18 | 山东大学 | Filling wire inert gas protective welding method for magnesium alloy pipe and aluminum alloy pipe |
| CN102658428A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Laser welding method for 20CrMnTi carburizing steel and nodular cast iron dissimilar materials |
| CN102658428B (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2016-08-03 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 20CrMnTi carburizing steel and spheroidal graphite cast-iron foreign material method for laser welding |
| CN103586568A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Aluminum alloy thick plate welding process |
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