CN104476011B - High-entropy alloy welding wire and the application of titanium/mild steel is welded for TIG - Google Patents

High-entropy alloy welding wire and the application of titanium/mild steel is welded for TIG Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104476011B
CN104476011B CN201410787157.3A CN201410787157A CN104476011B CN 104476011 B CN104476011 B CN 104476011B CN 201410787157 A CN201410787157 A CN 201410787157A CN 104476011 B CN104476011 B CN 104476011B
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titanium
mild steel
welding
entropy alloy
tig
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CN201410787157.3A
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CN104476011A (en
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翟秋亚
侯光远
徐锦锋
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Xian University of Technology
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Xian University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • B23K35/383Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235Preliminary treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/24Ferrous alloys and titanium or alloys thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG, be made up of by atomic percent following components, total percentage ratio is 100%, and wherein Ti is 5%, and Fe is 2%-15%, Ni be 25%-30%, Cu be 23%-30%, V is 25%-35%。The invention also discloses a kind of method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by high-entropy alloy welding wire。The welding material cost of the present invention is low, and preparation is simple, and welding method is convenient and easy, wide adaptability, and the titanium obtained/Low Carbon Steel Welded Joints appearance of weld is good, flawless, intensity high, good toughness。

Description

High-entropy alloy welding wire and the application of titanium/mild steel is welded for TIG
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, relate to a kind of high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG, the invention still further relates to and apply the method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by this high-entropy alloy welding wire。
Background technology
Titanium reserves on earth are very abundant, have the advantages such as specific strength height, density is low, corrosion-resistant, are widely used in the fields such as aerospace, boats and ships, petrochemical industry, amusement and medical treatment。But owing to its metallurgical technology is complicated, expensive, limit the large-scale popularization and application of titanium。Titanium and the composite construction of mild steel, can give full play to bi-material in performance and complementary advantage economically, have wide practical use in various fields。
Prepare titanium/mild steel composite structural member it is crucial that to solve the Welding Problems of titanium and mild steel。Because the difference of physical and chemical performance adds and is easily formed a large amount of brittle intermetallic thing (TiFe, TiFe2, TiC etc.) in the difficulty of welding, particularly weld seam between dissimilar metal, strength of joint is relatively low。Being presently used for the main method that titanium welds with mild steel is Pressure Welding (including diffusion welding (DW), friction welding (FW) and blast weldering), titanium-mild steel soldering is also possessed some special knowledge, but realizes titanium/steel high-intensity welding truly and then surely belong to melting。The molten solder of titanium/steel belongs to the welding between dissimilar metal, and its difficulty of construction is far longer than titanium/titanium, steel/steel homogeneous material, and brittle intermetallic thing causes that joint performance is not good especially serious。Being intended to stop brittle intermetallic produce from source raw, using suitable welding material is the key of solution problem, is also the fundamental solution improving titanium/steel welded joint quality。
High-entropy alloy breaches the design pattern of conventional alloys, by high entropic effect, makes the structure organization of alloy tend to single bcc or fcc solid solution, can effectively suppress the generation of intermetallic compound, and the high-performance welding for realizing titanium/steel provides brand-new technical thought。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG, when solving the direct melting welding of the titanium and the mild steel that exist in prior art, weld seam is easily formed brittle intermetallic thing and causes cracking, the problem that strength of joint is relatively low。
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by this high-entropy alloy welding wire of a kind of application。
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG, it is made up of by atomic percent following components, total percentage ratio is 100%, wherein Ti content is fixed as 5%, and Fe is 2%-15%, Ni is 25%-30%, Cu is 23%-30%, V is 25%-35%。
Another technical scheme that the present invention adopts is, the method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by this high-entropy alloy welding wire of a kind of application is implemented according to following steps:
Step 1) the mother metal bevel respectively of titanium and mild steel is processed;
Step 2) conscientiously cleaning, polishing groove, remove the greasy dirt on two kinds of mother metal surfaces and impurity;
Step 3) with mild steel lower surface, backing plate is installed at titanium, backing plate upper surface is horizontally arranged with Ar conductance chute, and titanium is simultaneously fixed with backing plate with mild steel, and the gap of titanium and mild steel is positioned at directly over the Ar conductance chute centrage of backing plate upper surface;
Step 4) two-sided logical Ar gas shielded is implemented in the groove position of titanium and mild steel, pass into argon 3-5s before weldering in advance;
Step 5) implement TIG weldering, in welding process, control electric arc and should slightly be partial to mild steel side, make the more uniform of both sides mother metal fusing;
Step 6) postwelding continues to pass into Ar gas 3-5s, then unclamps rapidly fixing device and backing plate,。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, this high-entropy alloy welding wire has excellent intensity, toughness and corrosion resisting property, is not easily formed brittle intermetallic phase, it is easy to obtain high performance titanium and Low Carbon Steel Welded Joints;The welding procedure using this high-entropy alloy welding wire is simple, does not need in advance at titanium side deposition transition zone, without frequently changing welding wire and conversion welding parameter in welding process, convenience and high-efficiency, high-entropy alloy composition range is wide in range, different trade mark base metals adaptabilities are good, it is simple to promote。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is titanium and Low Carbon Steel Welded Joints form and bevel shape figure in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the welding point assembling schematic diagram in the inventive method。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail。
The high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG of the present invention, is made up of by atomic percent following components, and total percentage ratio is 100%, and wherein Ti content is fixed as 5%, and Fe is 2%-15%, Ni be 25%-30%, Cu be 23%-30%, V is 25%-35%。
In the high-entropy alloy component of weld wire of the present invention, each chemical element composition and content are limited reason and are described below respectively:
In order to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of titanium/Low Carbon Steel Welded Joints, it is necessary to obtain metal chemical composition and be in the pivot content range forming high-entropy alloy。For the composition characteristic of mother metal titanium to be welded and mild steel, welding wire selects Ti-Fe-Ni-Cu-V five pivot high-entropy alloy。Main cause has 3 points: 1. in welding process, the fusing of mother metal and Jin Feng district mother metal are inevitable to the dissolving in molten bath, for preventing weld seam from producing brittle intermetallic thing, weld seam target component must contain Ti, Fe pivot, and the content that both elements are in welding wire will lower than other pivot;Owing to Ti element solvability in weld seam is more than Fe, so the content of Ti is relatively low in welding wire, the content of Fe is then of a relatively high。2. Ni element both can solid solution unlimited with Fe, can dissolve each other with Cu, V again。3. Cu segregation is in interdendritic, can improve joint plasticity, V and Ti and Fe all can infinitely solid solution, can effectively suppress brittle intermetallic produce raw。So, the welding wire that application selects is through welding process, and the weld metal of formation is appointed and so belonged to high-entropy alloy scope, substantially eliminates brittle intermetallic thing, and the joint performance obtained is higher。
Welding wire composition is converted into mass percent by atomic percent。Mass percent according to contained element weighs corresponding high pure metal。The said components metal that weighing has been got well is put into ultravacuum electric arc furnace carries out molten joining, prepare foundry alloy。Applied metal is twisted flax fibers and woven technology, the foundry alloy refuse that will obtain, and the rapid solidification through wheel of twisting flax fibers and weaving prepares into high-entropy alloy gold solder silk。
The present invention applies the method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by this high-entropy alloy welding wire, implements according to following steps:
Step 1) the mother metal bevel respectively of titanium and mild steel is processed, total opening angle of the titanium of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and mild steel weld groove is 60 °, and the bottom thickness of titanium mother metal groove is 1mm;
Step 2) conscientiously cleaning, polishing groove, remove greasy dirt and the impurity at two kinds of mother metal surfaces, especially groove position;
Step 3) assemble mother metal according to Fig. 2, with mild steel lower surface, backing plate is installed at titanium, backing plate upper surface is horizontally arranged with Ar conductance chute, titanium is simultaneously fixed with backing plate with mild steel, gap between the mother metal of titanium-mild steel is 1mm, and the gap of titanium and mild steel is positioned at directly over the Ar conductance chute centrage of backing plate upper surface;
Step 4) the groove position of titanium and mild steel implemented two-sided logical Ar gas shielded (Ar gas purity > 99.9%), i.e. logical Ar gas in Ar conductance chute below, above at the logical Ar gas of groove position of upper, before weldering, pass into argon 3-5s in advance;
Step 5) implement TIG weldering, technological parameter is: before weldering, mild steel mother metal being carried out the pre-heat treatment, temperature is 180 DEG C-210 DEG C;Ar throughput is 9-11L/min, and welding current is 65-80A, speed of welding 50-60mm/min;It addition, in welding process, control electric arc and should slightly be partial to mild steel side, make the more uniform of both sides mother metal fusing;
Step 6) postwelding continues to pass into Ar gas 3-5s, and namely descend position to continue logical Ar gas in welded joints, it is achieved rear stagnant protection, then unclamp rapidly fixing device and backing plate, it is prevented that weld seam produces stress cracking,。
Embodiment 1
It is 100% according to total atomic percent, according to Ti be 5%, Fe be 7%, Ni be 28%, Cu be 25%, V be 35% each constituent content of data decimation, and prepare, according to above-mentioned embodiment, the Ti5Fe7Ni28Cu25V35 high-entropy alloy welding wire that diameter is 1.2mm。The TC4 titanium that 5mm is thick is welded by application TIG weldering with Q235 mild steel, and welding procedure is as it has been described above, concrete welding condition is: before weldering, mother metal is preheating to 200 DEG C, Ar throughput 9L/min, stagnant 4s after welding current 80A, speed of welding 50mm/min, Ar gas。
Detection finds: the joint welding metal amalgamation obtained is good, fusion area flawless, and seam organization presents gradient layer distribution from center to both sides mother metal melt run, and phase structure is made up of single fcc and bcc, it is thus achieved that the tensile strength of welding point is 170Mpa。
Embodiment 2
It is 100% according to total atomic percent, according to Ti be 5%, Fe be 10%, Ni be 27%, Cu be 28%, V be 30% each constituent content of data decimation, and prepare, according to above-mentioned embodiment, the Ti5Fe10Ni27Cu28V30 high-entropy alloy welding wire that diameter is 1.4mm。The TA2 titanium that 5mm is thick is welded by application TIG weldering with R20 steel, and welding procedure is as it has been described above, concrete welding condition is: before weldering, mother metal is preheating to 200 DEG C, Ar throughput 10L/min, welding current 75A, speed of welding 55mm/min, stagnant 3s after Ar gas。
Detection finds: welding point is full, mother metal does not damage, weld metal fusion character is good, fusion area flawless, the equiax crystal being organized as densification near melt run, then growing to Weld pipe mill in dendrite mode, phase structure is made up of single fcc and bcc, it is thus achieved that the tensile strength of welding point is 200Mpa。
Embodiment 3
It is 100% according to total atomic percent, according to Ti be 5%, Fe be 15%, Ni be 25%, Cu be 23%, V be 32% each constituent content of data decimation, and prepare, according to above-mentioned embodiment, the Ti5Fe15Ni25Cu23V32 high-entropy alloy welding wire that diameter is 1.2mm。TA2 titanium thick for 6mm and 20 steel are welded by application TIG weldering, and welding procedure is as it has been described above, concrete welding condition is: before weldering, mother metal is preheating to 190 DEG C, Ar throughput 11L/min, welding current 80A, speed of welding 55mm/min, stagnant 4s after Ar gas。
Detection discovery: gained joint welding metal amalgamation is good, fusion area flawless, the equiax crystal of seam organization essentially even compact and dendrite, phase structure is made up of single fcc and bcc, it is thus achieved that the tensile strength of welding point is 185Mpa。
Embodiment 4
It is 100% according to total atomic percent, according to Ti be 5%, Fe be 2%, Ni be 30%, Cu be 28%, V be 35% each constituent content of data decimation, and prepare, according to above-mentioned embodiment, the Ti5Fe2Ni30Cu28V35 high-entropy alloy welding wire that diameter is 1.2mm。The TA2 titanium that 6mm is thick is welded by application TIG weldering with Q285B steel, and welding procedure is as it has been described above, concrete welding condition is: before weldering, mother metal is preheating to 200 DEG C, Ar throughput 11L/min, welding current 70A, speed of welding 54mm/min, stagnant 4s after Ar gas。
Detection finds: joint welding surface pore-free and being mingled with, weld metal amalgamation is good, fusion area flawless, and seam organization presents gradient layer distribution from center to both sides mother metal melt run, phase structure is made up of single fcc and bcc, it is thus achieved that the tensile strength of welding point is 160Mpa。
Embodiment 5
It is 100% according to total atomic percent, according to Ti be 5%, Fe be 9%, Ni be 28%, Cu be 30%, V be 28% each constituent content of data decimation, and prepare, according to above-mentioned embodiment, the Ti5Fe9Ni28Cu30V28 high-entropy alloy welding wire that diameter is 1.2mm。The TB5 titanium that 6mm is thick is welded by application TIG weldering with A3 steel, and welding procedure is as it has been described above, concrete welding condition is: before weldering, mother metal is preheating to 210 DEG C, Ar throughput 10L/min, welding current 75A, speed of welding 60mm/min, stagnant 4s after Ar gas。
Detection finds: weld metal amalgamation is good, fusion area flawless, seam organization presents gradient layer distribution from center to both sides mother metal melt run, generates without obvious intermetallic compound, phase structure is made up of single fcc and bcc, it is thus achieved that the tensile strength of welding point is 182Mpa。
In sum, the high-entropy alloy of the present invention, application vacuum arc melting makes, and proportioning is wide in range, and the high-entropy alloy component of weld wire that rapid solidification obtains is uniform, and it is simple to be applied in TIG weldering welding process, and the seam properties of postwelding meets the requirements。

Claims (2)

1. the high-entropy alloy welding wire welding titanium/mild steel for TIG, it is characterised in that: being made up of by atomic percent following components, total percentage ratio is 100%, wherein Ti content is fixed as 5%, and Fe is 7%-15%, Ni is 25%-28%, Cu is 23%-28%, V is 30%-35%。
2. the method that titanium/mild steel is implemented TIG weldering by the high-entropy alloy welding wire that a kind is applied described in claim 1, it is characterised in that implement according to following steps:
Step 1) the mother metal bevel respectively of titanium and mild steel is processed, total opening angle of titanium and mild steel weld groove is 60 °;
Step 2) conscientiously cleaning, polishing groove, remove the greasy dirt on two kinds of mother metal surfaces and impurity;
Step 3) with mild steel lower surface, backing plate is installed at titanium, backing plate upper surface is horizontally arranged with Ar conductance chute, and titanium is simultaneously fixed with backing plate with mild steel, and the gap of titanium and mild steel is positioned at directly over the Ar conductance chute centrage of backing plate upper surface;
Step 4) two-sided logical Ar gas shielded is implemented in the groove position of titanium and mild steel, pass into argon 3-5s before weldering in advance;
Step 5) implement TIG weldering, in welding process, control electric arc and should slightly be partial to mild steel side, make the more uniform of both sides mother metal fusing,
Technological parameter is: before weldering, mother metal being preheating to 190-210 DEG C, welding current is 65-80A, speed of welding 50-60mm/min;
Step 6) postwelding continues to pass into Ar gas 3-5s, then unclamps rapidly fixing device and backing plate,。
CN201410787157.3A 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 High-entropy alloy welding wire and the application of titanium/mild steel is welded for TIG Expired - Fee Related CN104476011B (en)

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