CN1646303A - 制造诸如纸和非织物之类柔软材料多层卷材的方法与用此方法制造的多层材料 - Google Patents
制造诸如纸和非织物之类柔软材料多层卷材的方法与用此方法制造的多层材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
制造至少包括三层诸如纸和非织物之类的柔软材料,各层用胶粘联的多层卷材(14)的方法和根据所述方法制造的多层产品。第一层(1)和第二层(7)用第一胶图案胶粘到一起,第二层和第三层(16)用第二胶图案胶粘到一起,所述第二胶图案与所述第一胶图案偏移。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制造包括至少三层柔软材料,例如纸和非织造材料,用胶粘贴各层的多层卷材的方法。特别是涉及制造诸如卫生纸、餐巾纸、纸巾、手巾、餐巾、手帕等等的薄材料产品。本发明还涉及诸如纸和非织物之类的柔软材料的多层柔软材料的卷材,该卷材至少包括三层,各层通过稀疏涂胶地点互相胶粘在一起。
背景技术
为了制造薄材料成品把两层或更多层层压在一起是很普通的。就层压产品而论,用这种方法制造的薄材料产品比相同厚度和基重的单层产品更柔更软。并且吸附能力提高,松密度增加。
层压两个或两个以上的薄层常常用胶粘贴。在胶粘到一起之前也常常用机械在各层上压花纹。层压两层只用机械压纹的办法在压纹地点把两层机械地联在一起,这也是众所周知的。
例如,通过EP-A-796 727可以获知首先把两个纸层压出凸凹相间的三维结构花纹,然后把胶涂到两层中的一层上,再在两个压纹辊之间的压隙内把两层联到一起,从而各层的突出部分互相粘在一起。EP-A-738 588说明了一种类似的方法,根据所述方法,胶还有色彩效果。
WO 95/08671包括一种所谓的嵌套压纹法的实施例,这种方法是把两个经过压纹的层中一层的突出部分嵌套到与之相对的一层的凹入部分而把两层连结起来。
通过US-A-5,443,889了解到层压两个纸层的一种方法,所述方法是把所述两个纸层各送到一个有凸凹部分相间的图案辊,并且在其中的一个纸层通过所述辊时被涂上胶。然后这两个纸层在所述图案辊之间的压隙内粘贴在一起,所述图案辊被对准驱动从而两个纸层以与所述图案辊突出部相应的图案压联在一起。
与卷材压纹相关的缺点是压纹处强度大大下降,影响整个纸产品的强度性能。压纹纸与相当的非压纹纸相比,强度下降高达70%并非罕见。
US-A-3,672,950公开了一种制造有垫的粘压薄材料产品的方法,使用这种方法时在第一图案辊与压印辊之间的压隙内给一个薄材料层涂上一定的胶图案。所述薄材料层在所述压印辊与第二图案辊之间的压隙内层压到另一层上,所述第二图案辊具有与第一图案辊的图案相应图案并与第一图案辊滚动一致。两层在层压过程中受力状态不同,从而制造出有垫的产品。
可以用不同的方法把三个或更多的薄材料层层压胶粘在一起。例如,按US-3,867,225所说明的那样,根据其中的一个实施例,要使用一个压纹装置,所述装置有两个为压纹辊和啮合辊所限定的压纹隙,所述啮合辊提供被压纹并层压的卷材的嵌套构形并包括涂胶器,有了这些修改从而可以把两层一起送入至少其中的一个压纹隙。使用所述层压三个或更多层的方法制造的产品很硬,因为要把所有各层胶粘到一起,胶必须完全渗透中间的层。胶不足以渗穿中间层,层的胶粘效果就不够。
例如,像US1,774,497说明的那样,根据其中的一个实施例,通过所谓的凸对平或凸对凸压纹用机械层连结法把三个或三个以上的层连结在一起,所述压纹只沿薄材料产品的边缘部分进行,即所谓的边缘压纹,但也可以在产品整个表面上压纹。EP-A-436 170披露了一种包括两层或多层各层用边缘压纹法压纹并层压在一起的多层薄材料产品。仅用机械压纹特别是只在边缘部分压纹,难以有足够的层连结。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制造诸如纸和非织物之类柔软材料的多层卷材的方法,其中至少有三层柔软材料是用胶粘的办法层压到一起的。所述层压应能提供良好的层连结并且对材料的压力很轻从而各层的结构以及强度性能基本得以保持。而且成品的吸附能力、松密度以及悬挂性能都高。
根据本发明,所述方法如下:使具有三维图案突出部的第一胶转移辊与第一涂胶装置接触,并在第一压隙内把与所述突出部构形相应的胶图案转移到第一卷材形柔软材料上,使第二卷材形柔软材料与所述第一卷材形柔软材料的涂胶侧在第一图案层压辊和压印辊之间的第二压隙内接触,所述第一图案层压辊具有与所述第一胶转移辊的图案相应的三维图案突出部,第一胶转移辊和第一层压辊被对准驱动,从而第一、第二卷材形柔软材料以与所述第一胶转移辊的突出部构形相应的图案受压胶粘到一起;然后,使具有三维图案突出部的第二胶转移辊与第二涂胶装置接触,并在第三压隙内把与所述第二胶转移辊的突出部构形相应的胶图案转移到已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料组合件的外侧,所述图案与第一胶转移辊转移到柔软材料上的图案偏移,使第三卷材形柔软材料在第二图案层压辊与压印辊之间的第四压隙内与所述已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料的有胶侧接触,所述第二图案层压辊有与所述第二胶转移辊的图案相应的三维图案突出部,第二胶转移辊与第二层压辊被对准驱动,从而第三卷材形柔软材料被压并以相应于所述第二胶转移辊突出部构形的胶图案粘到所述已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料的组合件上。
因为不同层之间的涂胶地点相互偏移,各层的相对移动比各层用共同的涂胶地点粘到一起的情况下更自由。相对于各层平面的纵、横方向均可相对移动,这有助于提高层压材料的悬挂性能。
在本发明的一个实施例里,至少有一层在与其相对的层层压前在材料湿的时候、烘干的时候和/或在干燥状态下,在材料上印出三维图案。
优选地,各涂胶地点的尺寸在0.15和150平方毫米之间,在0.5和100平方毫米之间较好,在1和15平方毫米之间更好。每个单位面积内涂胶地点的数量应达到每平方米25个到每平方厘米150个,每平方米300个到每平方厘米50个较好,每平方米800个到每平方厘米20个更好。应该指出,各个涂胶地点可以规则地分布于卷材形材料的整个面积内,但也可以不规则地分布,例如,成群地分开配置。
涂胶地点的形状可以任选,例如,小点、线、图形、字母、离奇图案等等。
本发明还涉及诸如纸和非织物之类柔软材料的多层卷材,所述卷材至少包括三个在许多分隔开的涂胶地点用胶互相连结的层,所述多层卷材的第一、第二层以许多分隔开的涂胶地点的第一胶图案粘在一起,第三层以许多分隔开的涂胶地点的第二胶图案粘到已粘到一起的第一、第二层上,所述第二胶图案与所述第一胶图案不重叠。
在一个实施例里,基本上所有第二胶图案的涂胶地点都与第一胶图案的涂胶地点偏移。
至少有一种胶图案是用彩色胶涂制的。
在一个实施例里,至少一层有故意制出的孔。
所述多层卷材还可以在层压后压纹。
本发明的其它特点在下面的详细说明和权利要求内说明。
附图说明
下面参照附图所示的实施例更详细地说明本发明,附图中:
图1是使用根据本发明方法的设备的侧视示意图。
图2是根据本发明方法制造的三层纸的截面示意图。
图3是根据本发明方法制造的四层纸的截面示意图。
图4是用两种粘贴图案互不重叠地粘贴的平面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出的是制造三层材料,例如,纸,特别是薄纸的设备。第一纸卷材1经过辊2向涂胶装置供纸。所述涂胶装置包括一个胶室3,胶从其中涂布到胶辊4上。胶辊4与第一图案胶转移辊5接触,所述胶转移辊周边有带图案的突出部6。胶辊4仅与所述突出部6的顶部接触,因而胶只会转移到所述顶部上。纸卷材1传到第一胶转移辊5与中央压印辊11之间的压隙中。从而把相应于突出部6顶部构形的第一胶图案压印到纸卷材1上。图案辊5与压印辊11之间的压隙内的压力只够把胶转移到纸卷材1上。优选地,不使所述卷材变形,即,图案辊5的突出部6不压入所述卷材。
第二纸卷材7经过辊8送到第一图案层压辊9与中央压印辊11之间的压隙。所述第一层压辊9的突出部10上有与第一胶转移辊5的图案相应的三维图案。这里所说的“相应的”意思是:突出部10与第一胶转移辊5的突出部6在形状上和有效表面积上都相同;形状相同但有效表面积大于第一胶转移辊5的突出部6,从而延伸超出第一胶转移辊5提供的涂胶位置的外周边;或形状不同且有效表面积也大于第一胶转移辊5的突出部6。例如,第一胶转移辊5印出的胶图案可以是如图4示的那样的三角形图案22配置的三个点,其中第一层压辊9的突出部10既可以与所述胶图案完全一样也可以略大于所述胶图案,或者,例如像图4用虚线所绘的那样套住三个点的三角形24的形式。在所有这些情况下两个有图案的辊5和9上的图案的相对位置是互相对应的。
优选地,所述第一层1和第二层7在被送到第二压隙时,张紧度基本相等。这样,就不会由于层压而有缩小不一的效应。两个有图案的辊5和9互相调准滚动一致,从而第一纸卷材1和第二纸卷材7一起以与第一胶转移辊5胶图案结构相应的图案受压并胶粘在一起。
优选地,如图1所示一个中央压印辊11既用于第一胶转移辊5也用于第一层压辊9。当然也可以用两个或更多的压印辊与胶转移辊5和层压辊9配合,并使之同步而被对准驱动。在所述第二压隙内压力也应小,但足以把纸层1和7胶粘在一起。第二压隙内的压力不应大于只引起面对第一层压辊9的第二纸层7上的涂胶位置产生轻微的压实凹陷21。
然后,把经过这样层压的第一层1和第二层7送到第二涂胶装置,第二涂胶装置有胶室12,胶从其中涂到胶转移辊13。胶转移辊13与第二图案胶转移辊14接触,第二图案胶转移辊14在其周边上有图案突出部15。第二胶转移辊14在第三压隙把与突出部15的顶部构形相应的胶图案转移到第二纸层7的外侧。第二胶转移辊14与压印辊11之间的压隙内的压力仅足以把胶转移到卷材7上。优选地,所述卷材不应变形,即,胶转移辊14的突出部15不压入卷材7内。
第二胶图案不与第一胶转移辊5印出的第一胶图案重叠。使第三纸层16在第二图案层压辊18与压印辊11之间的第四压隙内与第二纸层7的涂胶侧接触,所述第二图案层压辊18的突出部19有与第二胶转移辊14的图案相应的三维图案。这里所说的“相应的”定义与上面说的第一胶转移辊5与层压辊9之间的关系一样。第二胶转移辊14与第二层压辊18的滚动一致,从而第三纸层16被压,以与所述第二胶转移辊14的突出部15顶部的构形相应的图案胶粘于已粘在一起的第一层1和第二层7上。
所述第四压隙内的压力也应该小但足以使各层纸粘在一起。所述压隙内的压力不应大于只引起面对第二层压辊18的第三层纸的涂胶位置的对面产生轻微压实凹陷21。
面对所述中央压印辊11的所述多层卷材的表面基本保持其结构不受层压的影响,在其与胶图案相对的材料上没有压实凹陷。层压多层产品标注为20。
优选地,如图1所示只用一个中央压印辊11与所有图案辊5、9、14和18配合。当然也可以用两个或多个压印辊分别与一个或多个所述图案辊配合并使之同步从而被对准驱动。
胶转移辊5和13上的图案可以任意选择,但在选择上应做到涂布于卷材上胶的面积相当于卷材1总的表面积的0.03-9%之间,优选地为0.1-6%之间。在本例中,涂胶位置基本稀疏地分布于层压产品的整个面积内。用根据本发明的方法可以非常明确地定位涂胶地点的位置,只需非常少量的胶。这就是说具有柔软性、可悬垂性、吸水等优点。每个单位面积内涂胶地点的数量应达到每平方米25个到每平方厘米150个,每平方米300到每平方厘米50个较好,每平方米800到每平方厘米20个更好。各个涂胶地点的大小应达到0.15到150平方毫米之间的面积,0.5到100平方毫米之间较好,1到15平方毫米之间更好。
在涂胶地点面积大的情况下,可以使用屏幕图案,就是说各个胶图案由许多小点组成。这种情况下的涂胶地点的大小指的是圈定面积内组成胶图案的小点联在一起的面积。
优选的胶为一般用于纸的胶,例如:羧甲基纤维素;聚乙烯醇;乙烯乙酸乙烯酯;聚乙烯乙酸酯;乙烯丙烯酸;乙酸乙烯酯丙烯酸;苯乙烯丙烯酸;聚氨基甲酸酯;聚偏氯乙烯;浆糊;化学浆糊;糊精;诸如天然橡胶、合成橡胶或塑料悬浮于水中的乳状液和乳化体之类的水溶聚合物。如果层材不是纸当然要选适合该材料的胶。
也可以使用彩色胶,这会使所述材料有视觉效果和图案效果。
图2中示出的是根据本发明制造的三层纸产品的一例,第一层1和第二层7之间的涂胶地点标注为22,第二层7和第三层16之间的涂胶地点标注为23。第一层1和第二层7之间的涂胶地点22与第二层7和第三层16之间的涂胶地点23是分开的,互不接触,形成空隙容积,增加材料体积,提高吸附性能,这些都是对例如柔软吸附纸具有重要意义的性能。各个层分隔产生的容积在层压后基本上全都保留下来。与涂胶地点22和23分别相对的第二层7和第三层16有图案辊9和18分别压出的轻微压实凹陷21。
图3示出的是第一和第二胶图案的一例,其中各第二胶图案的涂胶地点23安排在第一胶图案的涂胶地点22之间的一半距离处。优选地,第二胶图案的涂胶地点23基本相对第一胶图案的涂胶地点22偏移。“偏移”一词的意思是在从上往下看的平面图里基本全部,或者至少90%的第二胶图案的涂胶地点23不与任何第一胶图案的涂胶地点22叠交。“叠交”的意思是涂胶地点的表面积至少有一部分是重叠的,但不包括各个涂胶地点之间相互正切。因此,“不叠交”的意思是在从上往下看的平面图里第二胶图案的涂胶地点23与第一胶图案的涂胶地点22可能成正切或者全部分开。
因为第一和第二胶图案的施加互相偏移,所以各层之间的相对移动比重叠粘贴情况下自由些。可以相对于各层的水平面产生纵向和横向相对移动,这有助于提高层压材料的悬挂性能。
层压过的纸卷材1、7和16可以是平滑的,但也可以在制造过程的早期,例如,在纸卷材形成、脱水和/或干燥期间,具有三维结构。三维结构也可以在层压前通过对干卷材压纹产生。根据本发明的方法对这种花纹是非常兼容的,因此在整个层压过程中这些花纹都可以基本保持不变。本发明的另一重要优点是在整个过程中纸都基本保持其强度性能,在许多其它层压方法中,与层压相关联,纸卷材会产生皱纹和变形,强度会下降。因为所述层压产品的结构基本上是平滑的,可以卷成致密的纸卷或折叠的产品,这意味着可以节省空间和成本。所述多层层压产品,因为涂胶地点粘接牢固,如果需要,可以在层压后压纹,从而制造出更柔软的材料。有效的层粘接是由于第一和第二层压辊9和18分别与胶转移辊5和14被对准驱动形成的明显的涂胶效果而达到的。
当然也可以用上述方法层压四层或四层以上的纸层。在另一方案里,可以安装三个或三个以上的涂胶装置涂上胶图案,所述图案与前面的和/或后面的胶图案偏移。然而如果需要也可以每隔一个地与下面的胶图案重叠。两个或两个以上的纸层也可以进入第一、第二和/或第三压隙,四个或四个以上的纸层可以在其内用两个涂胶装置层压。使两个或两个以上的纸层进入一个涂胶装置时,胶必须渗入两层或所有纸层。图3示出了这种情况,可以通过选择有适当性能,例如,适当粘度的胶来达到这一目的。
例如不同粘度的胶可以用于不同的涂胶装置。如图3所绘,胶要渗入两层或两层以上时,优选地使用粘度低的胶。层压的各层材料不同时也可以使用不同的胶。
吸附能力、基重、制造方法、纤维成分、化学添加剂不同的不同种类的纸可以用于不同的纸层。
本方法也适合使用于有意造成带孔的纸层,因为在整个层压过程中孔的主要部分不会受到损坏,不会填上胶,而在普通胶粘贴纸层时会出现这种情况。“有意造成带孔”指的是用机械穿的孔或与形成和/或干燥卷材相关而制出的孔。
Claims (14)
1.一种制造至少包括三层诸如纸和非织物之类的柔软材料各层用胶粘联的多层卷材(14)的方法,所述的方法包括:使具有三维图案突出部(6)的第一有图案胶转移辊(5)与第一涂胶装置(4)接触并在第一压隙内把以相应于所述突出部(6)构形的图案的胶转移到第一卷材形柔软材料(1)上;使第二卷材形柔软材料(7)在第二压隙内与所述第一卷材形柔软材料(1)的涂胶侧接触,所述第二压隙在具有与所述第一图案胶转移辊(5)的图案相应的三维图案突出部(10)的第一图案层压辊(9)与压印辊(11)之间;把第一胶转移辊(5)和第一层压辊(9)被对准驱动,从而第一和第二卷材形柔软材料(1、7)受压并以相应于所述第一胶转移辊(5)的突出部(6)构形的图案胶粘在一起,
其特征在于:使具有三维图案突出部(15)的第二胶图案转移辊(14)与第二涂胶装置(13)接触,并在第三压隙内把与所述第二胶转移辊的突出部(15)构形相应的胶图案转移到已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料(1、7)组合件的外侧,所述图案与第一胶转移辊(5)转移到柔软材料上的图案偏移,使第三卷材形柔软材料(16)在第二图案层压辊(18)与压印辊(11)之间的第四压隙内与所述已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料(1、7)组合件的涂胶侧接触,所述第二图案层压辊(18)有与所述第二胶转移辊(14)的图案相应的三维图案突出部(19),第二胶转移辊(14)与第二层压辊(18)被对准驱动,从而第三卷材形柔软材料(16)被压并以相应于所述第二胶转移辊(14)突出部(15)构形的胶图案粘到所述已粘到一起的第一、第二卷材形柔软材料(1、7)的组合件上。
2.按照权利要求1的方法,其特征在于在卷材形柔软材料(1、7、16)中至少有一层在与其它卷材形柔软材料层压到一起前在材料湿的时候、烘干的时候和/或在干燥状态下,在材料上印出三维图案。
3.按照权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于第二胶图案的涂胶地点(23)基本上全都与第一胶图案的涂胶地点(22)偏移。
4.按照上述权利要求中任一项的方法,其特征在于各涂胶地点(22、23)的尺寸在0.15和150平方毫米之间,在0.5和100平方毫米之间较好,在1和15平方毫米之间更好。
5.按照上述权利要求中任一项的方法,其特征在于每个单位面积内涂胶地点(22、23)数量达到每平方米25个到每平方厘米150个,每平方米300到每平方厘米50个较好,每平方米800到每平方厘米20个更好。
6.按照上述权利要求中任一项的方法,其特征在于所述多层卷材还在层压后压制花纹。
7.一种诸如纸和非织物之类的柔软材料的多层卷材(19),至少有三层(1、7、16),各层通过稀疏涂胶地点(22、23)互相胶粘在一起,其特征在于所述多层卷材的第一层(1)和第二层(7)是用包括多个稀疏涂胶地点(22)的第一胶图案胶粘在一起的,第三层(16)是用包括多个稀疏涂胶地点(23)的第二胶图案粘到已经粘到一起的第一和第二层的组合件上的,所述涂胶地点(23)与所述第一胶图案的涂胶地点(22)偏移。
8.按照权利要求7内的多层卷材,其特征在于第二胶图案的涂胶地点(23)基本上都与第一胶图案的涂胶地点(22)偏移。
9.按照权利要求7或8的多层卷材,其特征在于各涂胶地点(22、23)的尺寸在0.15和150平方毫米之间,在0.5和100平方毫米之间较好,在1和15平方毫米之间更好。
10.按照权利要求7-9中任一项的多层卷材,其特征在于每个单位面积内涂胶地点(22、23)数量达到每平方米25-150个,每平方米300到每平方厘米50个较好,每平方米800到每平方厘米20个更好。
11.按照权利要求7-10中任一项的多层卷材,其特征在于至少有一种胶图案是用彩色胶涂制的。
12.按照权利要求7-11中任一项的多层卷材,其特征在于在所述各层(1、7、16)中至少有一层在与另一层胶粘之前有三维图案。
13.按照权利要求7-12中任一项的多层卷材,其特征在于在所述各层(1、7、16)中至少一层有故意制出的孔。
14.按照权利要求7-13中任一项的多层卷材,其特征在于所述多层卷材在层压后压过花纹。
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2002
- 2002-04-09 SE SE0201088A patent/SE0201088D0/xx unknown
-
2003
- 2003-04-08 RU RU2004132838/12A patent/RU2004132838A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-08 AT AT03717854T patent/ATE320913T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-08 CN CN03808035.4A patent/CN1646303A/zh active Pending
- 2003-04-08 MX MXPA04009715A patent/MXPA04009715A/es unknown
- 2003-04-08 DE DE60304166T patent/DE60304166T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-08 PL PL03371654A patent/PL371654A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-08 WO PCT/SE2003/000576 patent/WO2003086744A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-08 BR BR0309040-0A patent/BR0309040A/pt active Search and Examination
- 2003-04-08 AU AU2003222552A patent/AU2003222552A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-08 EP EP03717854A patent/EP1497110B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020186835A1 (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | 陈宝明 | 一种生产多层填充保温材料的方法 |
CN112176767A (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-05 | 全利机械股份有限公司 | 纤维制品的液体涂布机台 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60304166D1 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
EP1497110A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 |
SE0201088D0 (sv) | 2002-04-09 |
PL371654A1 (en) | 2005-06-27 |
AU2003222552A1 (en) | 2003-10-27 |
MXPA04009715A (es) | 2005-01-11 |
RU2004132838A (ru) | 2005-05-10 |
WO2003086744A1 (en) | 2003-10-23 |
ATE320913T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
BR0309040A (pt) | 2005-02-01 |
EP1497110B1 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
DE60304166T2 (de) | 2006-12-14 |
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