CN1630212A - 下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置 - Google Patents

下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1630212A
CN1630212A CNA2004101045909A CN200410104590A CN1630212A CN 1630212 A CN1630212 A CN 1630212A CN A2004101045909 A CNA2004101045909 A CN A2004101045909A CN 200410104590 A CN200410104590 A CN 200410104590A CN 1630212 A CN1630212 A CN 1630212A
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阿里尔拉·载拉
艾尔达德·载拉
亚历山大·列兹尼克
斯蒂芬·E·特里
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Abstract

使用码分多址的无线时分双工通信系统具有一个基站和多个用户设备。此系统使用通信脉冲串进行通信。每一个通信脉冲串具有一个唯一的信道化码和一个训练码。每一个训练码和一组至少一个信道化码相映射。对于要在一个时隙中从基站发出的各个通信脉冲串,确定和该脉冲串的信道化码相映射的训练码。在该时隙中生成并发送通信脉冲串,每个脉冲串具有用于它的信道化码的所确定的训练码。用户设备接收该脉冲串,并且确定各个接收到的训练码。部分地基于各个接收到的训练码的确定结果,用户设备确定所传输的通信脉冲串的信道化码。

Description

下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置
本申请是申请日为2001年2月2日,申请号为01804517.0(PCT/US01/03380)的发明名称为“下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置”专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及使用码分多址的无线时分双工(TDD/CDMA)通信系统。本发明特别涉及确定用于TDD/CDMA系统的下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置。
背景技术
图1所示为TDD/CDMA通信系统。系统10具有多个基站121到125。各个基站121具有相关的操作区域。基站操作区域中的用户设备(UE)141到143和基站121进行通信。从基站121到UE 141的通信称为下行链路通信,从UE 141到基站121的通信称为上行链路通信。
在无线TDD/CDMA通信系统中,在共享频谱中传输多路通信。在第三代宽带CDMA(W-CDMA)标准中提出了一个此类系统。在CDMA系统中,在共享频谱中传输多路通信,且通过信道化码进行区分。在TDD/CDMA系统中,共享频谱也使用具有固定数目(如15个时隙)的时隙的重复帧进行时间分割。每一个时隙用于传输或者仅上行链路通信,或者仅下行链路通信。结果,由信道化码和时隙共同区分通信。一个用于一个时隙的信道化码称为资源单元(resource unit)。基于通信带宽,通信需要一个或者多个资源单元。用于TDD/CDMA系统的典型数据调制方案是四相移键控(QPSK)、二进制相移键控(BPSK)和N正交调幅(QAM),比如N=8,16,或者64。
在此类系统中,使用通信脉冲串(communication burst)16传输数据。通信脉冲串16在一个时隙中使用一个信道化码(一个单独的资源单元)传输数据。一个典型的通信脉冲串16具有一个训练码(训练码)20,一个保护期18和两个数据脉冲串22、24,如图2所示。训练码20分离两个数据脉冲串22、24。保护期18分离通信脉冲串16,以允许从不同发射机发出的脉冲串16到达时间的不同。两个数据脉冲串22、24包含通信脉冲串的数据。训练码20包含用于估计接收机和发射机之间信道响应的训练码。
由于可以在一个时隙中传输多路通信脉冲串,接收机必须能够从多个脉冲串中分出数据。恢复接收数据的一个方法是多用户检测(MUD)。
在多用户检测(MUD)中,接收机恢复一个时隙中所有通信脉冲串的数据,包括传输到其他用户设备(UE)的脉冲串。为了恢复所有脉冲串的数据,MUD接收机需要知道所有用于传输脉冲串的信道化码。在推荐的W-CDMA的TDD模式下,每一个UE 141到143仅知道传输到该装置的用于承载信息的信道化码和训练码。为了确定所有的信道化码和训练码,使用一系列匹配滤波器检测所有可能的信道化码和训练码组合。将各个匹配滤波器的输出功率和一个阈值进行比较,以确定是否使用了特定的信道化码和训练码组合。由于所需匹配滤波器的数目,此方法具有很高的复杂性。另外,如果在信道化码之间有很高的相关性,此方法的性能就很差了。
GB2351422公布了一种训练码(training code)和信道化码的关联。训练码和信道化码相关联,从而对于一个给定的扩展系数,每个训练码仅与一个信道化码相关联。为了实现这种关联,每个训练码与DVSF树的一个分支相关联。
WO 99/40698公布了使用从跟踪序列得出的信道估计来估计所接收通信的软码元。
因此,有必要使用另外的方法,使得用户设备141和143能够确定有效的信道化码。
发明内容
使用码分多址的无线时分双工通信系统具有基站和多个用户设备。此系统使用通信脉冲串进行通信。每一个通信脉冲串具有一个唯一的信道化码和一个训练码。每一个训练码映射到一组至少一个信道化码。对于在一个时隙中要从基站发出的各个通信脉冲串,确定映射到该脉冲串的信道化码的训练码。在该时隙中生成通信脉冲串并且进行传输。每一个脉冲串具有所确定的训练码用于其信道化码。用户设备接收该脉冲串,并且确定各个接收到的训练码。部分地基于各个接收到的训练码的确定结果,用户设备确定所发出的通信脉冲串的信道化码。
附图说明
图1显示的是时分双工/码分多址通信系统的示意图;
图2显示的是通信脉冲串的示意图;
图3显示的是简化的基站发射机和用户设备接收机的示意图;
图4显示的是下行链路信道化码识别的流程图;
图5显示的是训练码序列到信道化码的映射;
图6显示的是信道化码检测装置。
具体实施方式
图3显示的是使用多用户检测(MUD)的简化的基站发射机26和用户设备接收机28。由数据发生器321到32K产生要传输到活动用户设备141到143的数据。每一个发生器321到32K产生要在特定通信脉冲串中传输的数据。各个通信脉冲串中所生成的数据由扩展和调制装置341到34K格式化成通信脉冲串。扩展和调制装置341到34K添加训练码,并且使用和该通信脉冲串相关的信道化码扩展所生成的数据。另外,将扩展的数据时间分割成为合适的时隙。由组合器52将所有的通信脉冲串组合起来。将组合起来的通信脉冲串调制成为射频,比如通过混频器36,由天线38通过无线电信道30将射频信号发射出去。如果基站141使用了传输分集,则由多个天线发射射频信号。
在UE接收机28中,由天线40接收射频信号。所接收的信号解调成为基带信号,比如通过混频器42。由信道估计装置44使用所发射的训练码估计通信脉冲串在哪个信道内传输。多用户检测(MUD)装置46使用所估计的信道信息和有效信道化码对基带信号进行处理,以生成硬码元(hard symbol)。
在图4的流程图中显示了有效信道化码的识别。在UE 141中辅助识别有效信道化码的一个方法是,提供训练码(训练码)541到54N和信道化码5611到56NM之间的映射,58。每一个训练码541到54N和一组信道化码5611到56NM相关,如图5所示。该组可以包含仅一个信道化码,其是训练码到信道化码的一对一映射。用训练码对由基站121利用训练码组的信道化码发出的脉冲串进行格式化,60、62。为了进行说明,如果发送了具有信道化码21的脉冲串,则为该脉冲串使用训练码2。
在UE接收机28中,在信道估计之后,由训练码检测装置48对所传输的训练码进行检测,64。基于所检测的训练码,逻辑单元45使用训练码到信道化码的映射49,确定可能的信道化码组。基于确定的结果,信道化码检测装置50确定所接收的信道化码,66。如果使用了一个训练码到一个信道化码的映射,逻辑单元45确定信道化码。结果,对于一对一的映射,不使用信道化码检测装置50。MUD装置46使用所确定的信道化码和对与该信道化码相关训练码的信道响应,检测来自所有脉冲串的数据,68。
在图6中显示了一个信道化码检测装置50。匹配滤波器821到82M和可能的信道化码和由逻辑单元45所确定的相关信道响应进行匹配。由于仅检查可能的信道化码,大大减少了匹配滤波器821到82M的数目,降低了复杂程度,并且提高了接收机28的性能。由相应的功率测量装置841到84M对由各个匹配滤波器821到82M所产生的软码元(soft symbol)的功率进行测量。基于各个信道的功率测量,比较器80确定所接收的信道化码。如果知道了所传输的信道化码的数目,比较器80选择具有最高测量功率的此数目的信道。否则,比较器80将各个信道的功率水平和一个阈值进行比较,以确定所所传输的信道化码。
为了辅助对信道化码进行识别,信道化码信息,比如所传输的信道化码或者多个所传输的信道化码,可以以信号形式传输到UE 141。信号信息可以和信道化码/训练码映射结合使用,或者当没有使用映射的时候使用。附加的信道化码信息会提高在UE接收机28中确定有效信道化码的准确性。一个此类的信号可以是层1信号,其中训练码或者训练码偏移和该信息相关。训练码检测装置48确定所接收的训练码,而逻辑单元45使用所确定的训练码恢复信道化码信息。使用恢复的信息,信道化码检测装置50使用恢复的信息,以辅助进行信道化码确定。另一种方法使用层2/3信号传输信道化码信息。由网络电路生成信号。层2/3信号可以和层1信号一起使用,或者和训练码/信道化码映射一起使用。

Claims (4)

1.一种时分双工/码分多址用户设备,所述用户设备包括:
接收装置,用于接收在一时隙中发射的多个通信脉冲串;
用于确定在接收到的通信脉冲串中所包含的训练码的装置;
用于确定已被确定的训练码的通信脉冲串的信道化码的装置;
其中,在所述信道化码与所述训练码之间存在有一映射,以致于各训练码被映射到至少一个信道化码,以及至少一个训练码将被映射到可能同时在所述通信脉冲串中被接收的两个信道化码。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用户设备,其中各训练码唯一地与基本训练码的偏移相关联。
3.一种在时分双工/码分多址用户设备中确定通信脉冲串的信道化码的方法,所述方法包含:
接收在一时隙中发射的多个通信脉冲串;
确定在接收到的通信脉冲串中所包含的训练码;
其中,在所述信道化码与所述训练码之间存在有一映射,各训练码被映射到至少一个信道化码,以及至少一个训练码将被映射到可能同时在所述通信脉冲串中被接收的两信道化码。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中各训练码唯一地与基本训练码的偏移相关联。
CNB2004101045909A 2000-02-04 2001-02-02 下行链路中的多用户检测确定信道化码的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100340070C (zh)

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