Copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and products obtained therefrom of strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of with the preparation method and the products obtained therefrom of copper as the strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor of electrode.
Technical background
The strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor is a kind of electronic component that is mainly used on the DC micromotor, plays absorption spark and the effect of abating the noise.
Existing strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor mainly is to adopt silver as electrode, and the manufacture craft of this varistor is: earlier with silk-screen brush ground floor silver slurry, and dry under 100 ℃~200 ℃ temperature; Starch with silk screen printing second layer silver again, and under 100 ℃~200 ℃ temperature, dry; At last ground floor silver slurry and second layer silver slurry are reduced under 550 ℃~650 ℃ temperature.Its reason that need carry out twice printed silver slurry is: the silver slurry is a kind of slurry that does not have ohm property, and after the semiconductor of a printed silver slurry had born the pulse voltage impact of certain altitude, can show resistance value had the phenomenon that descends by a relatively large margin.Therefore, before the printed silver slurry, need to print earlier the slurry (for example Ag-Zn slurry) that one deck has ohm property; And this ohm slurry itself has solderability hardly, so also need to republish one deck silver slurry.As seen, when adopting silver, exist the shortcoming that preparation technology is loaded down with trivial details, cost is higher, solderability is relatively poor as electrode.
Chinese patent application CN 02114902.x and Chinese patent CN 02225950.3 disclose a kind of multielectrode ring voltage-sensitive resistor, it comprises annular electro resistance body and the electrode that is connected on the annular electro resistance body, its electrode includes both ends of the surface electrode and side electrode, and both ends of the surface electrode and side electrode link together.CN 02114902.x and CN 02225950.3 disclose its annular electro resistance body simultaneously by ZnO, SrTiO
3, TiO
2, SiC and SnO
2One or more doping in the material are fired and are formed, and its electrode is made by among Ag, Cu, Au, Al, Ni, Pt, Sn, Zn, In-Ga, Pd and the Cd one or more, but it does not indicate specially and uses SrTiO
3As the annular electro resistance body, do not indicate the advantage of Cu electrode than Ag electrode yet, the preparation method of copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor is not more disclosed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, this resistor can be avoided " waving silver " phenomenon of silver electrode annular voltage-sensitive resistor.
Annular voltage-sensitive resistor of the present invention comprises the resistance ceramic substrate and the electrode more than three or three of an annular; Ring resistance device ceramic substrate is made by strontium titanates, and electrode is a copper electrode, and copper electrode is connected on the ring resistance device ceramic substrate, and is positioned on upper surface, lower surface or the lateral surface of ring resistance device ceramic substrate.
Adopt the advantage of copper electrode to be among the present invention: the electrode that the copper slurry is made has solderability preferably, and the copper slurry itself is exactly a kind of ohm of slurry, and the method that prepare copper electrode is simple relatively, replaces silver to starch if use copper to starch, and only prints one deck and gets final product.
In above-mentioned annular voltage-sensitive resistor, the weight percentage of copper generally is controlled between the 70-95% in the copper electrode.
Among the present invention, copper electrode can also contain 5-30%, be selected from a kind of material in glass dust, silicate, silica flour, boron oxide, lead oxide and the bismuth oxide or the mixture of several materials.Above-mentioned silicate is preferably selected from a kind of material or several material in sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, magnesium silicate and calcium silicates.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of method of making the strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, and this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the strontium titanates porcelain prepares the porcelain base of strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor;
(2) the porcelain base with preparation in the step (1) at high temperature carries out binder removal;
(3) the porcelain base behind the binder removal of preparation in the step (2) is reduced sintering in reducing atmosphere, make ceramic substrate;
(4) with the prepared ceramic substrate of step (3) 800 ℃ of-1000 ℃ of following oxidations;
(5) copper slurry is printed onto on the resulting ceramic substrate of step (4), and carries out drying, form copper electrode;
(6), promptly make the strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor at blanket of nitrogen or nitrogen and hydrogen mixture atmosphere, under 700 ℃-900 ℃, the copper electrode of gained in the step (5) is reduced.
In the said method, the high temperature binder removal of step (2) normally carries out under 500-800 ℃, preferably carries out under 580-720 ℃.
Among the present invention, the reducing atmosphere of step (3) is generally nitrogen atmosphere or nitrogen and hydrogen mixture atmosphere, can certainly be other suitable reducing atmosphere.The temperature of reduction sintering is generally 800-1500 ℃, is preferably 1100-1450 ℃.
The printing of copper slurry can use silk screen or other can play the utensil of printing effect in the step (5).The mesh size of silk screen should be selected according to the character of slurry, makes slurry can be printed onto the ceramic substrate surface equably.Preferred 180~300 purpose silk screens that use.The copper slurry that uses in the printing is that copper content is 60%-90%, is preferably 70%-85%, can also contain other in the copper slurry and can make copper electrode be printed onto composition on the ceramic substrate.For example, can contain the glass dust of 9%-20% and the solvent of 1%-10%.Drying means in this step is air dry, blowing drying or bake drying, and the temperature of bake drying is generally 70-220 ℃, and preferred temperature range is 100-200 ℃.
In step (6), the reply copper electrode reduce fully, the time of reduction is not particularly limited, but preferably at several minutes to a few hours, more preferably in 10-30 minute.
Copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor of the present invention has overcome that the silver electrode annular voltage-sensitive resistor raises owing to welding temperature or welding times increases the silver layer that occurs and consumes phenomenon, promptly so-called " waving silver ".Simultaneously, this copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor has better soldering resistance energy than silver electrode annular voltage-sensitive resistor, can bear 480 ℃ of flatiron welding more than 10 seconds.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is positioned at the strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor of upper surface for copper electrode.
Fig. 2 is positioned at the strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor of side end face for copper electrode.
Among the figure, l------upper surface copper electrode (dash area)
2------side end face copper electrode (dash area)
3------annular voltage-sensitive resistor body
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt crowded mold forming legal system to get ring-type base sheet the special-purpose porcelain of strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, and behind binder removal under 650 ℃ the temperature, after going out semiconductive ceramic with 1350 ℃ temperature sintering in the atmosphere furnace of nitrogenous hydrogen gaseous mixture, obtain strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor ceramic substrate through 900 ℃ of oxidations.To contain Cu amount and be 80% (weight percentage), glass dust content and be 15%, solvent is 5% copper slurry, is screen-printed on this substrate (and 150 ℃ of oven dry down) by 200 purposes; And be to obtain copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor after 800 ℃ the atmosphere furnace reduction of nitrogenous hydrogen gaseous mixture through excess temperature, can get through estimating, the solderability of annular strontium titanates is better.
Embodiment 2
Adopt crowded mold forming legal system to get ring-type base sheet the special-purpose porcelain of strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, and behind binder removal under 600 ℃ the temperature, after going out semiconductive ceramic with 1200 ℃ temperature sintering in the atmosphere furnace of hydrogen, obtain strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor ceramic substrate through 800 ℃ of oxidations.To contain the Cu amount is 70%, and glass dust content is 20%, and solvent is 10% copper slurry, is screen-printed on this substrate (and drying under 100 ℃ temperature) by 180 purposes; And be to obtain copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor after 700 ℃ the atmosphere furnace reduction of nitrogen through excess temperature, can get through estimating, the solderability of annular strontium titanates is better.
Embodiment 3
Adopt dry pressing to make ring-type base sheet the special-purpose porcelain of strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor, and behind binder removal under 750 ℃ the temperature, after going out semiconductive ceramic with 1400 ℃ temperature sintering in the atmosphere furnace of hydrogen, obtain strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor ceramic substrate through 1000 ℃ of oxidations.To contain the Cu amount is 85%, and glass dust content is 9%, and solvent is 6% copper slurry, is screen-printed on this substrate (and drying under 200 ℃ temperature) by 300 purposes; And be to obtain copper electrode strontium titanates annular voltage-sensitive resistor after 900 ℃ the atmosphere furnace reduction of nitrogen through excess temperature, can get through estimating, the solderability of annular strontium titanates is better.