CN1607307B - 具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁 - Google Patents

具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁 Download PDF

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CN1607307B
CN1607307B CN2004100855345A CN200410085534A CN1607307B CN 1607307 B CN1607307 B CN 1607307B CN 2004100855345 A CN2004100855345 A CN 2004100855345A CN 200410085534 A CN200410085534 A CN 200410085534A CN 1607307 B CN1607307 B CN 1607307B
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slide block
lock
layout
sleeve
worm screw
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CN1607307A (zh
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D·埃兰尼
L·答齐尼
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0676—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents by disconnecting the handle
    • E05B47/0684—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents by disconnecting the handle radially
    • E05B47/0692—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents by disconnecting the handle radially with a rectilinearly moveable coupling element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B63/00—Locks or fastenings with special structural characteristics
    • E05B63/0065—Operating modes; Transformable to different operating modes
    • E05B63/0069—Override systems, e.g. allowing opening from inside without the key, even when locked from outside
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
    • E05B15/04—Spring arrangements in locks
    • E05B2015/0496—Springs actuated by cams or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0015—Output elements of actuators
    • E05B2047/0016—Output elements of actuators with linearly reciprocating motion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • E05B2047/0028—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements using electromagnetic means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • E05B2047/0031—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the elastic type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0084—Key or electric means; Emergency release
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0012—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0038—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means using permanent magnets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/50—Special application
    • Y10T70/5093—For closures
    • Y10T70/5155—Door
    • Y10T70/5199—Swinging door
    • Y10T70/5372—Locking latch bolts, biased
    • Y10T70/5385—Spring projected
    • Y10T70/5389—Manually operable
    • Y10T70/5394—Directly acting dog for exterior, manual, bolt manipulator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/50—Special application
    • Y10T70/5611—For control and machine elements
    • Y10T70/5757—Handle, handwheel or knob
    • Y10T70/5765—Rotary or swinging
    • Y10T70/5805—Freely movable when locked
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/50—Special application
    • Y10T70/5611—For control and machine elements
    • Y10T70/5757—Handle, handwheel or knob
    • Y10T70/5765—Rotary or swinging
    • Y10T70/5805—Freely movable when locked
    • Y10T70/5819—Handle-carried key lock
    • Y10T70/5823—Coaxial clutch connection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7057—Permanent magnet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7102—And details of blocking system [e.g., linkage, latch, pawl, spring]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/713—Dogging manual operator

Abstract

一种具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁，包括接合锁孔板的锁元件，用于具有编码的部件的解码组件，连接于内部手柄并直接与锁元件关联的促动元件，和连接于外部手柄并通过机电装置与锁元件联接的第二促动元件。促动元件包括连接于所述外部手柄、其端部为旋转板(4)和对比板(7)的突出杆身(3)，该板无阻拦地搁置在可旋转的套筒(5)上，它们联接于锁元件，并设置有槽口(8)；一电气马达(17)和一滑块(9)，该滑块与槽口(8)对准并且可以开动以便执行平移运动，以及一磁铁(18)支承联接元件(19)，该联接元件可以嵌入槽口(8)，以便与板(4)、对比板(7)和套筒(5)刚性地互相联接。

Description

具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁
技术领域
本发明涉及具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁。
背景技术
电气操作的锁适合于采用设置编码作为进入钥匙的部件，应用在门上以便进入诸如房间、办公室和公寓等空间。
该部件一般为包含微处理器的卡片或者设置有磁带：在任何情况下，其目的为存储有关要求操作锁的编码。
用这种类型锁保护的门具有内部手柄(或球形捏手)，它们直接作用在锁的元件上，总是容许从门内开锁。
为从门外面进入，必须把卡片插入适当设置的读卡器(或者更一般地说，把部件插入适当配置的各个解码组件的插座内)，它激活位于门外的手柄(或球形捏手)，而移动锁元件。
当门锁(由多个部件组成)已经收到正确的进入编码时，该装置正常用于促使该锁开启；该装置高度的复杂性使故障更加可能发生，并且所述故障还牵涉高昂的维护费用，实际上是由于需要拆卸和重装许多通常是非常小的零件。
发明内容
本发明目的是避免上述缺点并满足所述要求，其途径为设置一种由少量简单元件组成而具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁，它能够在电源供应中断故障时很容易地用手工操作。
在该目的以内，本发明目标是提供一种简单、在实际中相对地容易供应、使用上安全、操作上有效并且成本相对较低的电锁。
这一目的和这一及其它目标今后将通过提供具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁而变得明显，其形式包括接合侧柱上各自锁孔板的锁元件，适合于容纳具有编码部件的解码组件，连接于内部手柄并直接与所述锁元件关联的第一促动元件，和连接于外部手柄并通过机电装置与所述锁元件联接的第二促动元件，所述第二促动元件包括刚性地连接于所述外部手柄的突出杆身，其端部为旋转板和同样可旋转的对比板，所述诸板无阻拦地搁置在套筒上，该套筒同样可以旋转并刚性地联接于所述锁元件，所述板、所述对比板和所述套筒各自设置有槽口，并且所述机电装置由电气马达和滑块组成，滑块对准所述槽口并且可以间接地通过所述马达促动执行平移运动，所述滑块在其头部设置支承联接元件的磁铁，该元件当滑块在其向前位置时能够进入所述槽口，以便与所述板、所述对比板和所述套筒刚性地互相联接。
附图的简要说明
本发明另外的特征将从下列较佳的、但不是唯一的、具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁实施例的详细描述中变得更加明显，并通过在附图中非限制性例子阐明，其中：
图1是按照本发明电锁的立体图；
图2是取自通过按照本发明电锁杆身轴线的纵向平面的剖面图；
图3是按照本发明的锁在关闭位置的正视图；
图4是按照本发明的锁在电气开启位置的正视图；
图5是按照本发明的锁在应急手动开启位置的正视图。
具体的实施方式
参照附图，参考数字1一般标志具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁。
各电锁1由固定主体2构成，从该主体向外突出杆身3(从外面操作的开启捏手或手柄连接于所述杆身)。杆身3在其底部具有可以围绕套筒5旋转的板4，套筒5的上边6搁置在对比板7上。套筒5联接在锁元件上(但没有在图中显示)，并且因此其旋转伴随所述锁元件相应的退缩(或突出)；套筒5永远与内部手柄联接。
板4、套筒5和对比板7各自具有基本上相似形状的槽口8。
关于组件布局方面，滑块9位于板4和套筒5下面，能够在各直线导轨上滑动，并且设置有基本上平行于杆身3轴线的圆柱形销子10。
弹簧11由中间部分12和两个直臂13组成，中间部分为圆柱形金属圈绕组。中间部分12配合在销子10上面并完全将其覆盖，而两个直臂13各自与主体2的固定部分联接和在蜗杆14的两相继尖峰15之间接合。
蜗杆14相对于滑块9横向布置，并平行于滑块9的直线导轨；蜗杆的第一端搁置在主体2的固定座16上而第二端刚性地联接于马达17的轴上。
磁铁18固定在滑块9的上端并设计成为可以用磁性吸力保持滚子19与滑块9密切接触。
本发明操作如下：当锁1关闭时，杆身3可自由活动，因此由于捏手(或手柄)给予的任何旋转不牵涉锁元件的运动并且因此不直接施加力于锁元件
(情况显示在图3中)。
作为把具有编码的部件(一般为带有磁带或具有综合记忆电路的卡片)插入适当配置的解码组件(一般为读卡器)插座的结果，并且如果编码被允许用于开启，马达17将接通电源使其转动蜗杆14。布置在蜗杆两个相继尖峰15之间的直臂13从图3(直臂13接近马达17)所示的形状中转移到图4(直臂13接近固定座16)所示形状。
在直臂13这一运动中，滑块9承受平移运动，该运动使其上端(此端容纳磁铁18)面对板4、对比板7和套筒5。在这样位置上，滚子19容纳在互相重叠的板4、对比板7和套筒5的槽口8中。
在该位置上滚子19的存在使所述滚子造成板4、对比板7和套筒5互相刚性地联接在一起：在这样布局中(图4)，外部捏手(或手柄)的旋转引起杆身3板4和对比板7同样的旋转，并且也转动套筒5，还牵涉到锁元件的促动而因此开启锁1。由于滑块9和滚子19通过磁铁发生连接而容许旋转：即杆身3的旋转实际上牵涉套筒5的旋转(因此锁元件的运动)，这是因为当它们互相刚性地保持连接时滚子19可以自由行动。一旦锁1已经开启，手柄就被释放并且由此板4及套筒5返回到初始位置(其中槽口8面对滑块9)，滚子19由于磁铁吸力返回到被磁铁18支承而粘着在滑块9表面。
如果在必须开锁1而电源供应有故障的情况，必须接近位于滑块9下面的钥匙齿20。
只有采用适当配置的钥匙才有可能接近，通过该钥匙有可能转动钥匙齿20，即通过在滑块9下表面上的倾斜表面21的移动引起滑块9向上平移运动(如图5所示)。
弹簧11承受变形而减少其两臂13之间的夹角(因为直臂13保持接合在接近马达17的蜗杆14中)，并趋向于使滑块9向下返回(返回平移运动由于倾斜表面21的存在而防止)。
滑块9的向上平移运动促使滚子19接合在槽口8中，并因此通过配合在杆身3上的捏手(或手柄)促动锁元件。
通过使钥匙齿20返回其初始布局形状，滑块9重新通过弹簧11的作用执行向下的平移运动，而杆身3的旋转又再与套筒5的旋转无关。
锁元件显然通常是锁1的插销。
至此已经说明本发明可达到所规划的目的和目标。
如此构想的发明很容易作出许多改型和变动，而均处于所附权利要求范围以内。
所有细节可以进一步用其它技术上等同的项目代替。
在已显示的实施例中，个别在有关特定例子中给出的特征实际上可以与其它实施例中存在的不同特征互相交换。
还有，应该指出任何在专利申请过程中发现为已经众所周知的东西应该理解为不在权利要求范围以内并且认为是弃权的项目。
实际上，所使用材料以及形状和尺寸可以是任何符合要求者，而并不从而放弃所附权利要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种具有联接元件磁性支承的电锁，其形式包括接合侧柱上各自锁孔板的锁元件，适合于容纳具有编码的部件的解码组件，连接于内部手柄并直接与所述锁元件关联的第一促动元件，和连接于外部手柄并通过机电装置与所述锁元件联接的第二促动元件，其特征在于：
所述第二促动元件包括刚性地连接于所述外部手柄的突出杆身(3)，所述突出杆身的端部为旋转板(4)和同样可旋转的对比板(7)，所述诸板无阻拦地搁置在套筒(5)上，该套筒同样可以旋转并刚性地联接于所述锁元件，所述旋转板(4)、所述对比板(7)和所述套筒(5)各自设置有槽口(8)，并且所述机电装置由电气马达(17)和滑块(9)组成，而该滑块对准所述槽口(8)并且可以被致动从而由所述马达(17)间接地执行平移运动，在所述滑块(9)的头部设置用于支承联接元件(19)的磁铁(18)，该联接元件可以当滑块(9)在其向前位置时嵌入所述槽口(8)，以便使所述旋转板(4)、所述对比板(7)和所述套筒(5)刚性地互相联接；
所述马达(17)具有装配在其轴上的蜗杆(14)，所述滑块(9)通过具有直臂(13)的弹簧(11)与所述蜗杆(14)联结；
所述滑块(9)装配成为能够在导轨内滑动并且能够执行从第一布局到第二布局的平移运动，在第一布局中由在其头部的磁铁(18)支承的联接元件(19)完全处于旋转板(4)、对比板(7)和套筒(5)的槽口(8)外面，而在第二布局中所述联接元件(19)容纳在所述槽口(8)内，刚性地互相连接旋转板(4)、对比板(7)和套筒(5)；并且
所述锁的主体(2)包括一个固定座(16)，所述滑块(9)的所述第二布局对应于弹簧(11)直臂(13)的这样的布置，使其接合在蜗杆(14)中，在蜗杆(14)的最接近所述固定座(16)的两端部尖峰(15)之间，所述固定座刚性地联接于锁(1)的主体(2)，所述布置通过马达(17)轴的旋转、并因此也就是所述蜗杆(14)的旋转而获得。
2.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，联接元件(19)是滚子(19)。
3.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，所述滑块(9)的所述第二布局对应于滑块(9)的向前布置，如果不能使用电源时通过操作者的外部机械动作，随之产生由弹簧(11)具有的两直臂(13)之间所包括夹角的减少而构成弹簧(11)的变形。
4.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，钥匙齿(20)布置在滑块(9)以下并且能够从第一布局运动到第二布局，在第一布局中从其上突出的斜面(21)横向于滑块(9)布置，而在第二布局中所述斜面(21)搁置在所述滑块(9)的下表面上，该滑块向上而将所述联接元件(19)移动进入所述槽口(8)。
5.按照权利要求4所述的锁，其特征为，所述钥匙齿(20)被操作者通过适当设置的钥匙所转动。
6.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，所述蜗杆(14)的第二端用键固定在马达(17)的轴上，其对面端搁置在刚性地联接于锁(1)的主体(2)的固定座(16)上。
7.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，所述弹簧(11)的一个直臂(13)固定在锁(1)的主体(2)上，弹簧的中间部分(12)与所述滑块(9)接合，而其另一个直臂(13)容纳在所述蜗杆(14)的相继两尖峰(15)之间。
8.按照权利要求7所述的锁，其特征为，所述弹簧(11)设置的两个长直臂(13)从所述中间部分(12)突出，而中间部分缠绕成为螺旋形的空心圆筒。
9.按照权利要求8所述的锁，其特征为，所述滑块(9)具有突出的销子(10)以便容纳所述中间部分(12)。
10.按照权利要求1所述的锁，其特征为，所述电气马达(17)的电源随着插入设置密码的部件进入解码组件各个插座而被启动。
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