CN1604990A - 导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 - Google Patents

导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 Download PDF

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CN1604990A
CN1604990A CNA028249690A CN02824969A CN1604990A CN 1604990 A CN1604990 A CN 1604990A CN A028249690 A CNA028249690 A CN A028249690A CN 02824969 A CN02824969 A CN 02824969A CN 1604990 A CN1604990 A CN 1604990A
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fuel
control unit
injection system
heating element
combustion engine
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CN100365254C (zh
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格哈德·奥尔
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种导向气体注射系统(HGIS)的直接注射系统。本发明能使燃料混合物和各种类型的燃料雾化，并直接将它们喷射进混合压缩、火花点火的各种类型内燃机中的燃烧室。这是通过加热元件(10)、燃料注射喷嘴(1)、温度传感器(5)、电加热器(二极管)(2)、电磁阀(3)和压力传感器(14)来实现的。控制单元(8)用来控制这些独立的部件。该控制单元(8)还用来确保带有流量计(6)的进口阀(4)获得最佳的无污染和低污染运行。当使用甲醇、乙醇、水混合物时，可以保证内燃机的无污染运行，因此表明是零污染排放。

Description

导向气体注射系统(HGIS)的直接注射系统
水-燃料混合物的汽化装置用于具有注射系统和完整燃烧室直接注射系统的内燃机。本发明是一种装置，其能够使水-燃料混合物汽化并直接注射进各种内燃机的燃烧室。该装置的构成为：带有燃料注射喷嘴(1)和电磁阀(3)的密封加热元件(10)，温度传感器(5)，流量计(6)和由电磁阀电控制或伺服马达(9)机械控制的进口阀(4)。这一装置由计算机控制单元(8)进行调节和控制。本发明的任务是创造一种装置，能够使水-燃料混合物雾化并在高压下将其直接送入各种类型的火花点火内燃机的燃烧室，各种类型的内燃机包括：四冲程发动机、柴油发动机、汪克尔发动机(Wankelmotor)和涡轮机。这一任务的解决是使用形成溶液的水-燃料混合物通过注射喷嘴(1)进入加热元件(10)来实现的，加热元件具有所述控制单元(8)控制的电加热二极管(2)，控制单元还负责控制和注射。在加热元件(10)中，雾化的燃料到达电磁阀(3)，电磁阀在本装置进口阀(4)的方向上关闭或开启加热元件(2)。
该进口阀(4)与内燃机的控制单元(8)连接，并被很好地调节而达到最佳的进流时间及进流速度，以产生火花点火内燃机的理想运行。这是通过进口通道(11)中的流量计(6)来实现的。进口阀(4)负责进口喷嘴(12)(本装置的一个部件)在零点几秒内开启和关闭，进口阀(4)既可以由计算机控制的电磁阀(4)来控制，也可以由计算机控制的伺服马达(9)机械控制。雾化燃料注射束对准具有增强火花点火的高性能火花塞(7)。这样不仅燃料得到理想的使用，而且达到了充分爆炸和燃烧。这意味着燃料消耗少、污染小，并且通过使用水-燃料混合物，该混合物可以是从生物体得到的甲醇-水或乙醇-水，不再产生任何污染。本发明具有明显的优点，每一种单独的水-燃料混合物和燃料可以在加热元件(10)中雾化，这样确保火花点火内燃机对环境无损害的运行。除了消耗量，性能也优化了，这些当然表示了对效率的重要影响。
附图表示本发明的一个实施例。燃料混合物通过燃料分配器(13)到达喷嘴(1)。燃料到达加热元件(10)。加热元件(10)位于封闭室中，该封闭室装配有电加热器(二极管)(2)，装配有燃料注射喷嘴(1)、电磁阀(3)和温度传感器(5)，用来确信温度范围在200℃至1000℃。使用控制单元(8)，其也连接压力传感器(14)，温度和压力被控制和调节。在加热元件(10)中，雾化的燃料混合物现在到达进口通道(11)的腔室，在此流量计(6)位于电磁阀(3)旁。计算机控制的进口阀(4)通过控制进流时间获得最佳燃料用量。进流量由在进口通道(11)的流量计(6)进一步控制。进口阀(4)既可以由计算机控制的电磁阀(3)驱动，也可以由计算机控制的伺服马达(9)驱动。通过进口喷嘴(12)雾化燃料现在到达燃烧室，在此喷射束直接射向火花塞(7)。通过直接喷射雾化燃料，值得注意的是，混合物的燃烧由于高性能的火花塞(7)达到了可能的最大效率。一种新一代的发动机产生了。没有污染物并在功率方面具有最佳消耗。
图表符号
1.   燃料注射喷嘴
2.   电加热器(二极管)
3.   电磁阀
4.   进口阀
5.   温度传感器
6.   流量计
7.   高性能火花塞
8.   控制单元
9.   伺服马达
10.  加热元件
11.  进口通道
12.  进口喷嘴

Claims (5)

1.这种HIGS直接注射系统不仅是一种装置，而且是一种用于雾化水-燃料混合物的设备，该设备为具有直接燃烧室喷射系统用于各种形式的混合压缩火花点火的内燃机，设计只通过燃料注射喷嘴(1)，水-燃料混合物到达加热元件(10)，其中导入电加热器(二极管)(2)，它的热力由温度传感器(5)控制和测量，温度达到200℃至1000℃，压力传感器(14)，现已雾化的燃料-混合物，在这一点通过电磁阀(3)，进入进口通道(11)，其中依次设置流量计(6)，它的任务是负责理想的消耗，其中流量计(6)由控制单元(8)控制，控制单元(8)也控制进口阀(4)，以便雾化的燃料现在通过进口喷嘴(12)以喷射束的形式直接进入燃烧室，喷射束射向高性能的火花塞(7)，该进口喷嘴(4)也可以通过伺服马达(9)机械驱动，伺服马达由控制单元(8)控制并能够在零点几秒内开启和关闭该喷嘴(4)，因此燃料消耗被确定。
2.按照在此标记的权利要求1的装置，加热元件(10)未显示任何整体的电加热器(二极管)(2)，但是这些设置在内部，如图3所示并形成网格(网状的)(2)。电加热器(二极管)(2)的密度取决于加热性能的要求和需要。
3.按照在此标记的权利要求1的装置，装置以一种方式协调，以便保证使用水以外的各种形式的燃料。为此，加热元件(10)调整到温度以40℃开始至200℃。为了实现这一任务，该元件由温度传感器(5)和控制单元(8)控制。
4.按照在此标记的权利要求1的装置，该装置可以由高等级钢、钢、各种各样金属为基础的轻金属合金构成，包括陶瓷和铈(celizium)。
5.按照在此标记的权利要求1的装置，直接的气体管道安装在进口通道(11)中，来保证运行能够连续而没有用任何天然气体进一步重新调整，并且所需要的数据被编程进入控制单元(8)，通过流量计(6)气流可以被控制，以及通过进口阀(4)保证了不同设计的各种常规的内燃机的平稳运行。
CNB028249690A 2001-12-14 2002-12-11 导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 Expired - Fee Related CN100365254C (zh)

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EP (1) EP1319816B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2005513318A (zh)
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AU (1) AU2002360875A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2470259A1 (zh)
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CN114717026A (zh) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-08 西安交通大学 一种氢超临界水热燃烧反应装置及其使用方法

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US8353269B2 (en) * 2004-11-18 2013-01-15 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Spark ignition engine that uses intake port injection of alcohol to extend knock limits
US8082735B2 (en) * 2005-04-06 2011-12-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Optimized fuel management system for direct injection ethanol enhancement of gasoline engines
US20080060627A1 (en) * 2004-11-18 2008-03-13 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Optimized fuel management system for direct injection ethanol enhancement of gasoline engines
US7314033B2 (en) 2004-11-18 2008-01-01 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Fuel management system for variable ethanol octane enhancement of gasoline engines
EP1860319B1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2019-04-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dual-system fuel injection engine
US7640913B2 (en) * 2006-03-08 2010-01-05 Ethanol Boosting Systems, Llc Single nozzle injection of gasoline and anti-knock fuel
WO2007106416A2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Ethanol Boosting Systems, Llc. Fuel tank system for direct ethanol injection octane boosted gasoline engine
CA2582529A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-09-23 Steven Keays Internal combustion water injection engine
US20100063712A1 (en) * 2006-07-24 2010-03-11 Leslie Bromberg Single nozzle direct injection system for rapidly variable gasoline/anti-knock agent mixtures
EP2014903A1 (en) * 2007-03-23 2009-01-14 LoNox Engine Company, Inc. Internal combustion water injection engine
US8522758B2 (en) 2008-09-12 2013-09-03 Ethanol Boosting Systems, Llc Minimizing alcohol use in high efficiency alcohol boosted gasoline engines
JP2018035682A (ja) * 2016-08-29 2018-03-08 真士 加藤 エンジン

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114717026A (zh) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-08 西安交通大学 一种氢超临界水热燃烧反应装置及其使用方法
CN114717026B (zh) * 2022-04-27 2023-02-07 西安交通大学 一种氢超临界水热燃烧反应装置及其使用方法

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WO2003052244A1 (de) 2003-06-26
US20050066575A1 (en) 2005-03-31
AU2002360875A1 (en) 2003-06-30
EP1319816B1 (de) 2015-08-12
CA2470259A1 (en) 2003-06-26
EP1319816A2 (de) 2003-06-18
CN100365254C (zh) 2008-01-30
EP1319816A3 (de) 2003-07-09
US7013847B2 (en) 2006-03-21
JP2005513318A (ja) 2005-05-12

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