CN100365254C - 导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 - Google Patents

导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 Download PDF

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CN100365254C
CN100365254C CNB028249690A CN02824969A CN100365254C CN 100365254 C CN100365254 C CN 100365254C CN B028249690 A CNB028249690 A CN B028249690A CN 02824969 A CN02824969 A CN 02824969A CN 100365254 C CN100365254 C CN 100365254C
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heating element
injecting systems
direct
described heating
fuel
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CN1604990A (zh
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格哈德·奥尔
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025—Adding water
    • F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/125—Fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

本发明涉及一种导向气体注射系统(HGIS)的直接注射系统。本发明能使燃料混合物和各种类型的燃料雾化，并直接将它们喷射进混合压缩、火花点火的各种类型内燃机中的燃烧室。这是通过加热元件(10)、燃料注射喷嘴(1)、温度传感器(5)、电加热器(二极管)(2)、电磁阀(3)和压力传感器(14)来实现的。控制单元(8)用来控制这些独立的部件。该控制单元(8)还用来确保带有流量计(6)的进口阀(4)获得最佳的无污染和低污染运行。当使用甲醇、乙醇、水混合物时；可以保证内燃机的无污染运行，因此表明是零污染排放。

Description

导向气体注射系统(HGIS)的直接注射系统
技术领域
水-燃料混合物的汽化装置用于具有注射系统和完整燃烧室直接注射系统的内燃机。
背景技术
美国第5582139号专利公开了一种气体燃料喷射系统，其用于将气体燃料喷射到内燃机中，该系统包括电解碳氢化合物乳液源、用于气化该乳液的装置以及输送气体的装置。
美国第6010544号专利公开了一种涉及超临界水/燃料成分的燃烧系统，该系统包括容纳有处于临界点的水和碳氢化合物混合物的结构，并有输送该混合物以进行燃烧的结构。
但是，现有技术存在的缺点是功率消耗较大，且对环境污染较大。
发明内容
本发明是一种装置，其能够使水-燃料混合物汽化并直接注射进各种内燃机的燃烧室。该装置的构成为：带有燃料注射喷嘴(1)和电磁阀(3)的密封加热元件(10)，温度传感器(5)，流量计(6)和由电磁阀电控制或伺服马达(9)机械控制的进口阀(4)。这一装置由计算机控制单元(8)进行调节和控制。本发明的任务是创造一种装置，能够使水-燃料混合物雾化并在高压下将其直接送入各种类型的火花点火内燃机的燃烧室，各种类型的内燃机包括：四冲程发动机、柴油发动机、汪克尔发动机(Wankelmotor)和涡轮机。这一任务的解决是使用形成溶液的水-燃料混合物通过注射喷嘴(1)进入加热元件(10)来实现的，加热元件具有所述控制单元(8)控制的电加热二极管(2)，控制单元还负责控制和注射。在加热元件(10)中，雾化的燃料到达电磁阀(3)，电磁阀在本装置进口阀(4)的方向上关闭或开启加热元件(2)。
该进口阀(4)与内燃机的控制单元(8)连接，并被很好地调节而达到最佳的进流时间及进流速度，以产生火花点火内燃机的理想运行。这是通过进口通道(11)中的流量计(6)来实现的。进口阀(4)负责进口喷嘴(12)(本装置的一个部件)在零点几秒内开启和关闭，进口阀(4)既可以由计算机控制的电磁阀(4)来控制，也可以由计算机控制的伺服马达(9)机械控制。雾化燃料注射束对准具有增强火花点火的高性能火花塞(7)。这样不仅燃料得到理想的使用，而且达到了充分爆炸和燃烧。这意味着燃料消耗少、污染小，并且通过使用水-燃料混合物，该混合物可以是从生物体得到的甲醇-水或乙醇-水，不再产生任何污染。本发明具有明显的优点，每一种单独的水-燃料混合物和燃料可以在加热元件(10)中雾化，这样确保火花点火内燃机对环境无损害的运行。除了消耗量，性能也优化了，这些当然表示了对效率的重要影响。
附图说明
图1表示本发明的一个实施例。
图2表示本发明的一个实施例。
图3表示本发明的一个实施例。
图中：
1. 燃料注射喷嘴
2. 电加热器(二极管)
3. 电磁阀
4. 进口阀
5. 温度传感器
6. 流量计
7. 高性能火花塞
8. 控制单元
9. 伺服马达
10.加热元件
11.进口通道
12.进口喷嘴
具体实施方式
附图表示本发明的一个实施例。本发明的系统可以由高等级钢、钢、各种各样金属为基础的轻金属合金构成，包括陶瓷和铈。燃料混合物通过燃料分配器(13)到达喷嘴(1)。燃料到达加热元件(10)。加热元件(10)位于封闭室中，该封闭室装配有电加热器(二极管)(2)，装配有燃料注射喷嘴(1)、电磁阀(3)和温度传感器(5)，用来确信温度范围在200℃至1000℃。使用控制单元(8)，其也连接压力传感器(14)，温度和压力被控制和调节。在加热元件(10)中，雾化的燃料混合物现在到达进口通道(11)的腔室，在此流量计(6)位于电磁阀(3)旁。计算机控制的进口阀(4)通过控制进流时间获得最佳燃料用量。进流量由在进口通道(11)的流量计(6)进一步控制。进口阀(4)既可以由计算机控制的电磁阀(3)驱动，也可以由计算机控制的伺服马达(9)驱动。通过进口喷嘴(12)雾化燃料现在到达燃烧室，在此喷射束直接射向火花塞(7)。通过直接喷射雾化燃料，值得注意的是，混合物的燃烧由于高性能的火花塞(7)达到了可能的最大效率。

Claims (7)

1.一种导向气体注射系统的直接注射系统，其用于雾化水-燃料混合物，该系统具有直接燃烧室喷射系统以用于混合压缩火花点火的内燃机，其包括：
燃料注射喷嘴，其用于注射水-燃料混合物；
加热元件，其具有电加热器，所述燃料注射喷嘴连接到所述加热元件上，从而允许所述水-燃料混合物注射到其中；
温度传感器，其用于控制和测量所述加热元件，所述温度传感器连接到所述加热元件上；
压力传感器，其连接到所述加热元件上；
电磁阀，其连接到所述加热元件上，所述电磁阀与所述加热元件中的所述水-燃料混合物连通；
进口通道，其连接到所述电磁阀；
流量计，其连接到所述进口通道；
进口阀，其连接到所述进口通道，且所述进口阀由伺服马达驱动；
进口喷嘴，其连接到所述进口阀且连接到具有火花塞的燃烧室；和控制单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
所述加热元件的所述电加热器位于所述加热元件内部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
所述系统使用水以外的燃料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
通过所述加热元件由所述温度传感器和所述控制单元控制来将所述加热元件调整到从40℃开始至200℃范围内的温度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
所述导向气体注射系统的直接注射系统由从高等级钢、钢、以金属为基础的轻金属合金、陶瓷和铈所构成的组中选取的任何材料制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
所述导向气体注射系统的直接注射系统适于通过将所需数据编程到所述控制单元和所述流量计中并通过控制气体经所述进口阀的流动来使用天然气体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的直接注射系统，其中：
所述加热元件的所述电加热器是二极管。
CNB028249690A 2001-12-14 2002-12-11 导向气体注射系统(hgis)的直接注射系统 Expired - Fee Related CN100365254C (zh)

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US8353269B2 (en) * 2004-11-18 2013-01-15 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Spark ignition engine that uses intake port injection of alcohol to extend knock limits
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WO2006100849A1 (ja) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha ２系統燃料噴射式エンジン
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US7726265B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2010-06-01 Ethanol Boosting Systems, Llc Fuel tank system for direct ethanol injection octane boosted gasoline engine
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WO2008014265A2 (en) * 2006-07-24 2008-01-31 Ethanol Boosting Systems, Llc Single nozzle direct injection system for rapidly variable gasoline/anti-knock agent mixtures
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JP2018035682A (ja) * 2016-08-29 2018-03-08 真士 加藤 エンジン
CN114717026B (zh) * 2022-04-27 2023-02-07 西安交通大学 一种氢超临界水热燃烧反应装置及其使用方法

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US6010544A (en) * 1997-12-18 2000-01-04 Quantum Energy Technologies Supercritical water fuel composition and combustion system

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WO2003052244A1 (de) 2003-06-26
CA2470259A1 (en) 2003-06-26
US7013847B2 (en) 2006-03-21
AU2002360875A1 (en) 2003-06-30
EP1319816A3 (de) 2003-07-09
EP1319816B1 (de) 2015-08-12
EP1319816A2 (de) 2003-06-18
US20050066575A1 (en) 2005-03-31
JP2005513318A (ja) 2005-05-12

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