CN1600814A - Method for foaming poly lactic acid and foamed body - Google Patents
Method for foaming poly lactic acid and foamed body Download PDFInfo
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- CN1600814A CN1600814A CN 03160150 CN03160150A CN1600814A CN 1600814 A CN1600814 A CN 1600814A CN 03160150 CN03160150 CN 03160150 CN 03160150 A CN03160150 A CN 03160150A CN 1600814 A CN1600814 A CN 1600814A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method of poly-lactic-acid foaming. In this invention, poly-lactic-acid, aliphatic-aromatic polyester co-polymer, nucleating agent, inner lubricant, external lubricant are proportionally mixed. Then said mixture is subjected to traditional extruder, under proper temp. and pressure, adding foaming-agent to produce final products from its outlet. This invention can be used for prodn. of: table-wares, plastic dining-tray, service-plate, tray for fresh vegetables and flower-pot.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of working method and foam of decomposable polymer, and be particularly related to the foaming method and the foam thereof of the decomposable poly(lactic acid) of a kind of biology.
Background technology
The plastics that contacted among the human lives mostly are that refinement is produced from crude oil, are difficult to be decomposed at occurring in nature.The annual plastics of producing in the whole world are about 200,000,000 tonnes at present, and about 3,000 ten thousand tonnes of wherein disposable material becomes the source of pollution that destroy ecotope.And under crude oil is originated the situation that shortage gradually and plastic garbage increase gradually, will certainly cause the great calamity of the Nature, and and then influence human survival.Developed at present and a kind of to be the biological decomposable lactic acid polymer that raw material produces with the corn, to be called poly(lactic acid) (polylactide; PLA).Poly(lactic acid) can be via hydrolysis reaction and microbial decomposition and is resolved into carbonic acid gas and water fully, and its required resolving time under atmospheric environment, in soil or water, in the landfill and in compost is respectively 3-5,2-3, the 2-4 month and 1-4 week.Therefore poly(lactic acid) is after suitably handling, and can decompose fully to allow the Nature be used again again, can not cause burden to the Nature ecotope.
The company of production poly(lactic acid) is an example with U.S. Cargill Dow LLC at present, and the poly(lactic acid) processing procedure that it developed extracts starch and produces the glucose of not refining after being generally and earlier cereals such as corn being pulverized from the centre.Then utilize fermentation again, glucose fermentation is become lactic acid (lactic acid), as the monomer of poly(lactic acid).Utilize dehydration reaction that dimolecular lactic acid is transformed into the diminishing lactic acid of a part then, it is a kind of cyclic dimer.Relief diminishing lactic acid makes the diminishing lactic acid monomer aggregate into poly(lactic acid) through vacuum purification and open loop.Though poly(lactic acid) has above-mentioned advantage, but because of the cause of its processing procedure, the price of poly(lactic acid) is very expensive, is beneficial to the expansion use thereby therefore will how to utilize foaming to reduce use cost, and and then alleviate plastic garbage to the burden that the Nature causes, become urgent demand at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce with the poly(lactic acid) is the cost of the plastics of raw material, the invention provides a kind of foaming method and foam thereof of poly(lactic acid).
Multipolymer, nucleator, interior lubrication prescription with poly(lactic acid), aliphatic-aromatic polyester mixes with outer lubrication prescription earlier, makes it form the foaming precursor.The precursor that will foam then is added in the extruding machine, again the foaming precursor is carried out the extrusion molding step, and adds whipping agent simultaneously, to obtain the foam of poly(lactic acid).
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight isodisperse of the multipolymer of above-mentioned poly(lactic acid), aliphatic-aromatic polyester, nucleator, interior lubrication prescription, outer lubrication prescription and whipping agent is about 60-95,1-40,0.2-3.0,0.2-3.0 and 1-12 respectively.The preferable service temperature of above-mentioned extrusion molding step and preferable working pressure are about 90-230 ℃ and 1000-3000 pounds per square foot (psi) respectively.
The multipolymer of above-mentioned aliphatic-aromatic polyester can be the co-polymer in the molecular structure that 3 aliphatic monomers are incorporated in polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Above-mentioned nucleator can be talcum powder or lime carbonate or the like.Above-mentioned interior lubrication prescription can be fatty acid ester and amides, and outer lubrication prescription can be stearic zinc salt, magnesium salts and barium salt.The whipping agent that belongs to physical blowing mechanism be can select for use according to preferred embodiment of the present invention, carbonic acid gas, butane, pentane, hexane and chloro-fluorocarbon compound or the like for example can be.
By the invention described above preferred embodiment as can be known, the invention provides a kind of foaming method of poly(lactic acid), can and add the foam that an amount of whipping agent obtains different specific weight by the multipolymer that adds the aliphatic-aromatic polyester, to meet different demands.Nontoxic and can decompose fully because of the foaming finished product of poly(lactic acid), but therefore range of application is very extensive, for example disposable utensils, plastics service plate, boxed cassette, fresh pallet, plastic flowerpot ... etc.In addition, also can add food grade according to demand and not contain the colorant of heavy metal, form chromatic expanded polylactic acid finished product.
Thereby the use cost that the present invention utilizes foaming to reduce poly(lactic acid) is beneficial to enlarge and uses, and and then alleviates the burden that plastic garbage causes the Nature.
Embodiment
Beginning is a large amount of uses the biological polymkeric substance that can decompose fully to make various plastic products, following environmental protection trend of can saying so.And the appearance that can be resolved into the poly(lactic acid) of carbonic acid gas and water by microorganism fully then provides the chance that realizes for this reason.But the high price of poly(lactic acid) will make its market acceptability suffer major test, so the foaming method that the utmost point need develop a kind of poly(lactic acid) reduces the raw materials cost of plastics, but also can reduce the weight of moulding product.
The present invention proposes a kind of foaming method of poly(lactic acid), the poly(lactic acid) of suitable proportion, the multipolymer of aliphatic-aromatic polyester (aliphatic-aromatic polyester copolymers), nucleator (nucleatingagents), interior lubrication prescription (lubricant) are mixed with outer lubrication prescription (slit agent), again this mixture is added in traditional extruding machine (extruder).The service temperature of extruding machine maintains about 90-230 ℃ and working pressure and maintains under about 1000-3000 pounds per square foot (psi), adds an amount of whipping agent (blowingagents), can obtain the finished product that foams from the outlet of extruding machine.In the extrusion process, the front-end temperature of extruding machine must be high, be preferably greater than 160 ℃, and the temperature of back segment is low, is beneficial to the foam coagulation forming.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preferable weight isodisperse (parts) of the multipolymer of poly(lactic acid), aliphatic-aromatic polyester, nucleator, interior lubrication prescription, outer lubrication prescription and whipping agent is about 60-95,1-40,0.2-3.0,0.2-3.0 and 1-12.
The multipolymer of above-mentioned aliphatic-aromatic polyester can be the co-polymer in the molecular structure that 3 aliphatic monomers are incorporated in polyethylene terephthalate (PET).The function of the multipolymer of aliphatic-aromatic polyester is to increase the ductility and the intensity of poly(lactic acid), so addition is big more, and foaming effect is good more, also makes foam soft more.The preferable 2-20 weight isodisperse that is about of the addition of the multipolymer of the aliphatic-aromatic polyester of disposable utensils class for example.
Spendable nucleator has a variety of, can be talcum powder or lime carbonate or the like.Because nucleator is higher in the intravital temperature of foaming, at foam when the outlet of extruding machine comes out to allow pressure drop to barometric point, can make nucleator become whipping agent expansible central point, the gas that allows whipping agent change can distribute uniformly and be stored in the foam.Therefore the kind of nucleator, the number and the granular size of amount all can influence the uniform in foaming degree of foam and the size of foam.
In spendable lubrication prescription for example have fatty acid ester (aliphatic acid ester) and amides (as polyamide, e-amide, o-amide, bis-amide) compound, its melting point are about 50-70 ℃ and 130-145 ℃ respectively.Outer lubrication prescription can be stearic zinc salt, magnesium salts and barium salt.Ductility when above-mentioned interior lubrication prescription can increase the foam moulding uniformly, and outer lubrication prescription can reduce when pulling the foam thin slice and the skin friction force between the mould.
According to preferred embodiment of the present invention, be preferably the physical blowing mechanism of using, therefore spendable whipping agent has carbonic acid gas, butane, pentane, hexane and chloro-fluorocarbon compound or the like.Selecting for use of whipping agent kind is to decide according to required finished product, and for example food tableware class can be used butane or pentane, to avoid residual too many whipping agent in the foam.The addition of whipping agent is then decided on the foaming density of foam thin slice, and when for example the whipping agent addition was 1-12 weight isodisperse, the density of the foam that can get was about 0.8-0.03g/mL.Thickness as for the foam thin slice then is to utilize cooperating with adjustment of die head, feeding machine, cutting edge machine and reeling machine to decide with width.
The foaming method of the poly(lactic acid) of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of foundation is enumerated some examples for your guidance in following table.
| Composition (weight isodisperse) | Example one | Example two | Example three |
| Poly(lactic acid) (weight isodisperse) | ????80 | ????90 | ????95 |
| The multipolymer of aliphatic-aromatic polyester (weight isodisperse) | ????20 | ????10 | ????5 |
| Nucleator (weight isodisperse) | ????1.5 | ????1 | ????0.6 |
| Interior lubrication prescription (weight isodisperse) | ????0.2 | ????0.2 | ????0.2 |
| Outer lubrication prescription (weight isodisperse) | ????0.2 | ????0.2 | ????0.2 |
| Whipping agent (weight isodisperse) | ????8 | ????7 | ????6 |
| Foaming proportion (g/mL) | ????0.04 | ????0.1 | ????0.2 |
By the invention described above preferred embodiment as can be known, the invention provides a kind of foaming method of poly(lactic acid), can and add the foam that an amount of whipping agent obtains different specific weight by the multipolymer that adds the aliphatic-aromatic polyester, to meet different demands.Nontoxic and can decompose fully because of the foaming finished product of poly(lactic acid), but therefore range of application is very extensive, for example disposable utensils, plastics service plate, boxed cassette, fresh pallet, plastic flowerpot ... etc.In addition, also can add food grade according to demand and not contain the colorant of heavy metal, thereby form chromatic expanded polylactic acid finished product.
Be understandable that; for the person of ordinary skill of the art; can make other various corresponding changes and distortion according to technical scheme of the present invention and technical conceive, and all these changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1, a kind of foaming method of poly(lactic acid) is characterized in that, this foaming method comprises at least:
The multipolymer, nucleator, the interior lubrication prescription and outer lubrication prescription that mix poly(lactic acid), aliphatic-aromatic polyester make it form a foaming precursor;
The precursor that should foam is added in the extruding machine; And
This foaming precursor is carried out the extrusion molding step, and add whipping agent simultaneously, to obtain the foam of poly(lactic acid).
2, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the weight isodisperse of the multipolymer of this poly(lactic acid), this aliphatic-aromatic polyester, this nucleator, this interior lubrication prescription, this outer lubrication prescription and this whipping agent is respectively 60-95,1-40,0.2-3.0,0.2-3.0 and 1-12.
3, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the service temperature of this extrusion molding step is 90-230 ℃.
4, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the working pressure of this extrusion molding step is the 1000-3000 pounds per square foot.
5, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the multipolymer of this aliphatic-aromatic polyester comprises the co-polymer in the molecular structure that 3 aliphatic monomers are incorporated in polyethylene terephthalate.
6, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this nucleator comprises talcum powder or lime carbonate.
7, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, lubrication prescription comprises fatty acid ester or amides in this.
8, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this outer lubrication prescription comprises stearic zinc salt, magnesium salts or barium salt.
9, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this whipping agent comprises the pneumatogen that foams with physical mechanism.
10, the foaming method of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 9 is characterized in that, this pneumatogen comprises carbonic acid gas, butane, pentane, hexane or chloro-fluorocarbon compound.
11, a kind of foam of poly(lactic acid) is characterized in that, this polylactic acid foam is to utilize the following step to obtain:
The multipolymer, nucleator, the interior lubrication prescription and outer lubrication prescription that mix poly(lactic acid), aliphatic-aromatic polyester make it form a foaming precursor;
The precursor that should foam is added in the extruding machine; And
This foaming precursor is carried out the extrusion molding step, and add whipping agent simultaneously, to obtain the foam of poly(lactic acid).
12, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11, it is characterized in that the weight isodisperse of the multipolymer of this this poly(lactic acid), this aliphatic-aromatic polyester, this nucleator, this interior lubrication prescription, this outer lubrication prescription and this whipping agent is respectively 60-95,1-40,0.2-3.0,0.2-3.0 and 1-12.
13, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the temperature of this extrusion molding step is 90-230 ℃.
14, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the pressure of this extrusion molding step is the 1000-3000 pounds per square foot.
15, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the multipolymer of this aliphatic-aromatic polyester comprises the co-polymer in the molecular structure that 3 aliphatic monomers are incorporated in polyethylene terephthalate.
16, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the addition of the multipolymer of the aliphatic-aromatic polyester of polylactic acid foam is a 2-20 weight isodisperse.
17, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, this nucleator comprises talcum powder or lime carbonate.
18, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, lubrication prescription comprises fatty acid ester or amides in this.
19, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, this outer lubrication prescription comprises stearic zinc salt, magnesium salts or barium salt.
20, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, this whipping agent comprises the pneumatogen that foams with physical mechanism.
21, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 20 is characterized in that, this pneumatogen comprises carbonic acid gas, butane, pentane, hexane or chloro-fluorocarbon compound.
22, the foam of poly(lactic acid) according to claim 11 is characterized in that, when the whipping agent addition was 1-12 weight isodisperse, the density of the foam of gained was 0.8-0.03g/mL.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03160150 CN1600814A (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2003-09-24 | Method for foaming poly lactic acid and foamed body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03160150 CN1600814A (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2003-09-24 | Method for foaming poly lactic acid and foamed body |
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| CN1600814A true CN1600814A (en) | 2005-03-30 |
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| CN 03160150 Pending CN1600814A (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2003-09-24 | Method for foaming poly lactic acid and foamed body |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100532453C (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2009-08-26 | 同济大学 | Plastic foam sheet material of poly lactic acid for vacuum forming , and preparation method |
| CN101440169B (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2011-03-30 | 杨启赞 | Method for preparing environmental-protecting foam material |
| CN101717475B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-09-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Biodegradable foam plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106674943A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-17 | 平凉市佳禾农产品加工有限责任公司 | Method for producing disposable tableware through polylactic acid |
| CN109762313A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high magnification expanded polylactic acid sheet material |
-
2003
- 2003-09-24 CN CN 03160150 patent/CN1600814A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100532453C (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2009-08-26 | 同济大学 | Plastic foam sheet material of poly lactic acid for vacuum forming , and preparation method |
| CN101440169B (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2011-03-30 | 杨启赞 | Method for preparing environmental-protecting foam material |
| CN101717475B (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-09-14 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Biodegradable foam plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106674943A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-17 | 平凉市佳禾农产品加工有限责任公司 | Method for producing disposable tableware through polylactic acid |
| CN109762313A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high magnification expanded polylactic acid sheet material |
| CN109762313B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-09-22 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | Preparation method of high-rate polylactic acid foamed sheet |
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