CN107841099A - A kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107841099A CN107841099A CN201610826922.7A CN201610826922A CN107841099A CN 107841099 A CN107841099 A CN 107841099A CN 201610826922 A CN201610826922 A CN 201610826922A CN 107841099 A CN107841099 A CN 107841099A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/147—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon and halogen atoms only
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2425/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2425/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam and its production method, the foaming body is made up of the component of following parts by weight：65 80 parts of PLA, 20 35 parts of thermoplastic starch, 49 parts of the copolymer of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one, 3 11 parts of Polylactic acid flexibilizer, 1 10 parts of nucleator, 1.1 13 parts of auxiliary agent, 0.5 10 parts of foaming agent；Producing the method for polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is：First mix PLA, the copolymer of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one, thermoplastic starch, Polylactic acid flexibilizer, nucleator, auxiliary agent and form foaming predecessor, then foam to obtain polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam by the foaming predecessor and foaming agent melt blending again.Simple production process of the present invention, easy to operation, the polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam cost of production substantially reduces, and use is rear biodegradable, is easily handled, reduces white pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biodegradable polymer field, is specifically related to a kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch hair
Foam and its production method.
Background technology
Waste plastic caused by Chinese annual is about 5,000,000 tons, wherein most of waste plastics be polypropylene, polyethylene and
Polystyrene material, these materials can not natural decompositions.If soil will be deposited in because of its nondegradation by random discarding
On, so as to cause serious white pollution.Because current high polymer material is mainly derived from fossil resources, but petroleum resources are
Non-renewable resources by and face the huge challenge of sustainable development.Petroleum base high polymer material substantially belongs to non-degradable material
Material, its degradation speed in soil is very slow, will produce heavy damage to natural environment.These synthesis high scores are handled at present
The method of sub- plastics is mainly that soil is buried and burned.Substantial amounts of land resource can be wasted and bring that " white is dirty by burying processing using soil
Dye "；And a large amount of toxic gases can be produced using burning disposal.For problem above, bio-based degradable macromolecule how is developed
The motive power that material will be studied as us.
In order to substitute the petroleum base high polymer material of degradation property difference, people have synthesized some using biological or chemical method
The high polymer material of fully biodegradable, it uses the cereals such as corn as raw material, and be fermented into lactic acid using Starch Hydrolysis opens again
The method of cyclopolymerization has synthesized the PLA of fully biodegradable, and PLA can be made via hydrolysis and microorganism decomposition
With and resolve into carbon dioxide and water completely,
Therefore, for these reasons, people are directed to studying being total to for synthesized degradable high polymer material and natural macromolecular material
Mixed, to solve the problems, such as the combination property of cost one, it is using the starch skill compound with synthesizing macromolecule to study at present more
Art.PLA is a kind of good biodegradable polymer of combination property, but its is on the high side, directly and starch blending
As apparatus such as disposable Dining tool, food container, beverage bottle, pallet, agricultural chemicals product, vacuum formed products, cost still dislikes higher,
If foaming product can be made into, cost can be substantially reduced, improves mechanical performance, but its own foaminess is very poor.And
And in the composite foamed technology of PLA/Starch Blends, due to the degraded of PLA, gained expanded material expansion ratio
It is low, bad mechanical property, actual property application can not obtained.
The content of the invention
Technical problem：The invention aims to solve, above-mentioned polylactic acid-based expanded material expansion ratio is low, individually makes
With cost it is again too high the shortcomings that, there is provided it is a kind of it is inexpensive it is biodegradable be used to manufacture disposable Dining tool, packaging for foodstuff is held
Device, beverage bottle, pallet, agricultural chemicals product, the polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam of vacuum formed product and its production method.
Technical scheme：In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, a kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam proposed by the present invention,
It is made up of in parts by weight following component：
PLA 65-80,
Thermoplastic starch 20-35,
The copolymer 4-9 of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one,
Polylactic acid flexibilizer 3-11,
Nucleator 1-10,
Auxiliary agent 1.1-13,
Foaming agent 0.5-10.
Above-mentioned PLA is the poly- lactic acid of a L mono-, the poly- lactic acid of a D mono-, one kind in the poly- lactic acid of a DL mono- or its mixture
Or its copolymer, weight average molecular weight are 6 ~ 500,000.More preferably 8-40 ten thousand, particularly preferably 10-30 ten thousand.Molecular weight distribution is 1-
2, crystallinity 15-60%.Molecular weight is too small, and the actual physical property such as its mechanical properties and heat resistance does not show, and molecular weight is excessive, melts
It is too high so as to having influence on moulding processability to melt viscosity.Upper described thermoplastic starch is through chemically or physically modified thermoplasticity
Starch.The commercially available prod that the thermoplastic starch uses.
The copolymer of the above-mentioned aromatic polyester of aliphatic one is that butanediol or adipic acid and terephthalic acid (TPA) are anti-through polycondensation
The copolymer that should be obtained.
Above-mentioned Polylactic acid flexibilizer is that polyester is made peace polyester fan based block copolymer, the acrylic compounds containing epoxy-functional
In copolymer, the propylene copolymer of styrene one of the group containing GMA, esters of acrylic acid core-shell tougheners
One kind.
Above-mentioned nucleator is one kind in talcum powder, calcium carbonate, mica, montmorillonite or clay.
Above-mentioned auxiliary agent is in-lubricant, external lubricant, antioxidant, reinforcing agent, anti ultraviolet agent.Wherein, in-lubricant is
It is a kind of in oleamide, erucyl amide, stearmide, ethylenebisstearamide, alkylidene distearyl acid amides；External lubricant is
It is a kind of in stearic acid zinc salt, magnesium salts, calcium salt or barium salt；Antioxidant was four [β-(monohydroxy of 3,5- di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] seasons
It is a kind of in Doutrate, o-phenol or hydroquinones；Reinforcing agent is a kind of in methylcellulose or ethyl cellulose；Antioxidant
For one kind in four [β mono- (monohydroxy of 3,5 one di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, o-phenol or hydroquinones.
Above-mentioned foaming agent is physical blowing agent and/or CBA.Wherein, physical blowing agent is carbon dioxide, fourth
Any one in alkane, pentane, hexane or halocarbon；CBA is azodicarbonamide (AC) foaming agent or carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium.
It is a further object to provide a kind of production method of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam, its step
For：
A, PLA is mixed, copolymer, thermoplastic starch, toughener, nucleator, the lubricant of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one resist
Oxygen agent, reinforcing agent form foaming predecessor after being mixed with anti ultraviolet agent；
B, the foaming predecessor is added into double screw extruder melt blending, and add simultaneously tie rod after foaming agent, water cooling,
Pelletizing, to obtain polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam；Either foaming predecessor is added into extruder, added simultaneously
Extrusion molding obtains polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam after foaming agent.
Wherein, the double screw extruder described in step B, the material after extrusion are foaming bar body, twin-screw extrusion step
Rapid operation temperature is 100-180 DEG C, screw speed 100r/min-600r/min, and the draw ratio of screw rod is 30：1-45：1；
Extrusion molding machine described in step B, the operation temperature of extrusion molding step is 100-230 DEG C, the leading portion in extrusion molding
Temperature has to height, and preferred temperature is more than 150 DEG C, and back segment temperature is low, is so advantageous to foaming body coagulation forming.Extrude
It must send out, foam.
Beneficial effect：A kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam and its production method of the present invention, its advantage and beneficial
Effect is mainly：Expansion ratio is higher, and technique is simple, easy to operation, the polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch expanded material cost of production
Substantially reduce, and use is rear biodegradable, is easily handled , Minus and has lacked white pollution.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the technical scheme of this technology invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to
These embodiments.
Table 1：Polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam raw material components (by weight) and foaming proportion
Wherein, the weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 1 is 200,000；Described one fragrant adoption of aliphatic
The copolymer of ester is the Ecoflex of BASF AG；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the acrylate monomethyl acrylic acid of ethene one
Ethylene oxidic ester terpolymer；Described nucleator is talcum powder；Described in-lubricant is ethylenebisstearamide；Institute
The external lubricant stated is zinc stearate；Described antioxidant was four [β mono- (monohydroxy of 3,5 one di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] seasons penta
Four alcohol esters；Described foaming agent is AC foaming agents；The foaming proportion of described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is 0.13g/
ml。
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 2 is 180,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the propylene monomethyl glycidyl acrylate ternary of styrene one
Copolymer；Described nucleator is montmorillonite；Described in-lubricant is erucyl amide；Described external lubricant is stearic acid
Magnesium；Described antioxidant is four [β mono- (monohydroxy of 3,5 one di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters；Described foaming agent is
Freon；The foaming proportion of described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is 0.24g/ml.
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 3 is 240,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the ACR of RohmandHass companies；Described nucleator is cloud
It is female；Described in-lubricant is stearmide；Described external lubricant is zinc stearate；Described antioxidant is o-phenol；
Described foaming agent is carbon dioxide；The foaming proportion of described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is 0.41g/ml.
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 4 is 200,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is PLA-PE0 copolymers；Described nucleator is talcum powder；It is described
In-lubricant be ethylenebisstearamide；Described external lubricant is zinc stearate；Described antioxidant is four [β-(3,5
The monohydroxy of one di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester；Described foaming agent is AC foaming agents；Described PLA/thermoplastic
The foaming proportion of property starch foam is 0.57g/ml.
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 5 is 200,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the BMPS-265 of RohmandHass companies；Described nucleator
For talcum powder；Described in-lubricant is oleamide；Described external lubricant is zinc stearate；Described antioxidant is to benzene
Diphenol；Described foaming agent is AC foaming agents；The foaming proportion of described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is 0.69g/
ml。
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 6 is 200,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the BMPS-255 of RohmandHass companies；Described nucleator
For talcum powder；Described in-lubricant is ethylenebisstearamide；Described external lubricant is calcium stearate；Described antioxygen
Agent is four [β-(monohydroxy of 3,5 one di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters；Described foaming agent is pentane foaming agent；Institute
The foaming proportion for the polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam stated is 0.75g/ml.
The weight average molecular weight of the poly- lactic acid of a L mono- described in embodiment 7 is 200,000；The described aromatic polyester of aliphatic one
Copolymer be Ecoflex；Described Polylactic acid flexibilizer is the propylene monomethyl propylene of styrene one of RohmandHass companies
Acid glycidyl ester terpolymer；Described nucleator is calcium carbonate；Described in-lubricant is ethylenebisstearamide；
Described external lubricant is zinc stearate；Described antioxidant was four [β-(monohydroxy of 3,5- di-t-butyl 1) propionic acid] seasons penta
Four alcohol esters；Described foaming agent is AC foaming agents；The foaming proportion of described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam is 0.94g/
ml。
Embodiment one to embodiment seven production polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam method, its step with the present invention
The step of disclosed in technical scheme, is identical.
A kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foams provided by the invention and its production are understood by foregoing invention embodiment
Method, because of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam product totally nontoxic and biodegradable, therefore application is quite varied,
Such as disposable Dining tool, food container, beverage bottle, pallet, agricultural chemicals product, vacuum formed product.It can additionally add as needed
Enter food-grade and be free of heavy metal colorant, to form the polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foaming product of colour.
Above-described embodiment is only used for that the present invention will be described, and is not construed as limiting the scope of claims limitation, this area
Other alternative means that technical staff is contemplated that, within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam, it is characterised in that the foaming body is made up of the component of following parts by weight：
PLA 65-80 parts,
Thermoplastic starch 20-35 parts,
Copolymer 4-9 parts of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one,
Polylactic acid flexibilizer 3-11 parts,
Nucleator 1-10 parts,
Auxiliary agent 1.1-13 parts,
Foaming agent 0.5-10 parts.
A kind of 2. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described PLA
For one kind or its mixture or its copolymer in the poly- lactic acid of a L mono-, the poly- lactic acid of a D mono-, the poly- lactic acid of a DL mono-, weight average molecular weight
For 6 ~ 500,000.
A kind of 3. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described aliphatic
The copolymer of one aromatic polyester is the copolymer that butanediol or adipic acid obtain with terephthalic acid (TPA) through polycondensation reaction.
A kind of 4. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described PLA
Toughener is polyester and polyethers based block copolymer, the acrylic copolymer containing epoxy-functional, containing Glycidyl methacrylate
One kind in the propylene copolymer of styrene one of glycerine ester group, esters of acrylic acid core-shell tougheners.
A kind of 5. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nucleator
For one kind in talcum powder, calcium carbonate, mica, montmorillonite or clay.
6. a kind of polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described auxiliary agent is
In-lubricant, external lubricant, antioxidant, reinforcing agent, anti ultraviolet agent.
A kind of 7. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent
For physical blowing agent or CBA.
A kind of 8. polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described physics hair
Infusion is any one in carbon dioxide, butane, pentane, hexane or halocarbon, and described CBA is even
Nitrogen diformamide (AC) foaming agent or sodium acid carbonate.
9. a kind of production method according to any described polylactic acid/thermoplastic starch foam in claim 1 ~ 8, its feature
Be, this method be first mix PLA, the copolymer of the aromatic polyester of aliphatic one, thermoplastic starch, Polylactic acid flexibilizer,
Nucleator, auxiliary agent form foaming predecessor, then again by the foaming predecessor and foaming agent melt blending foam to obtain PLA/
Thermoplastic starch foam.
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| CN109054104A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-21 | 安徽省舒城华竹实业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the starch-based degradable composite foam material of bamboo powder filled enhancing |
| CN109337127A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-15 | 安徽新翔包装材料有限公司 | A kind of degradable plastic glue Environmental protection bag |
| CN113956634A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-01-21 | 东莞市金富亮塑胶科技有限公司 | Toughened biodegradable composition and application thereof |
| CN112812515A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Degradable foaming material and preparation method thereof |
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