CN1582636A - Method for breeding drought lolerant peanut - Google Patents
Method for breeding drought lolerant peanut Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for culturing the drought-resistant peanut includes such steps as choosing the deep-root peanut, evaporating-resistant peanut and drought-resistant peanut as male parents choosing high-yield peanut as female parent, respective hybridization to obtain polymorphic variety, respective crossing between high-yield deep-root peanut and high-yield drought-resistant peanut and between high yield evaporation-resistant one and high-yield drought-resistant one, and crossing between high-yield deep-root drought-resistant one and high-yield evaporating-resistant drought-resistant one.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to peanut breeding method and technology field, specifically be meant a kind of selection of the polymorphic new varieties of peanut of saving water, resisting drought.
Background technology
Water is Limited resources on the earth, and agricultural has become the use and the loss source of its maximum.Developed country (as the U.S.) has implemented agricultural water management and genetic improvement scientific research plan.Become the main research point of penetration of most of crops by the drought-resistant ability of genetic improvement raising crop.International semiarid crop investigations institute (ICRISAT) just recognizes that in nineteen seventies making peanut adapt to moisture content by genetic improvement coerces and the importance of more effectively utilizing moisture content.Think according to the world semiarid crop investigations institute (ICRISAT) research, growth later stage arid not only makes the peanut underproduction, thereby and peanut aflatoxin content is increased have a strong impact on its economic worth, have half loss to improve the peanut drought-resistant ability approximately and avoid by genetic improvement.
In recent years, the Physiology of Drought Resistance of crop, drought resisting authentication method and index make great progress.Crop has formed the various morphological features relevant with drought resisting in the long-term evolution procedure of adaptation, the mode that the Different Crop kind adapts to arid is diversified.Dragon gives birth to type and common spreading type peanut kind can cover ground rapidly, and the growth of crawling reduces soil water evaporation, reduces soil temperature, this be long-term in production practices by sure drought-enduring characteristic.All Mohammed etc. thinks the root system ratio of the type peanut type prosperity, strong of growing thickly of overgrowing, and is the merit that adapts to drought resisting.Powerful root system occupies bigger soil space, can absorb moisture in a big way.Vries (1989) has compared the reaction to arid of peanut, soybean, pigeonpea three kinds of crops, thinks the well developed root system of peanut, and the deep layer root is long and density is big, and drought resistance is the strongest.There is significant difference in reports such as Ketring to the different peanut varieties of arid reaction on root system volume, dry weight, quantity and length, Annerose, Khalfaoui have also obtained similar conclusion.Therefore, they think that big root system can be used as the selection index of peanut drought-resistant variety.Root/the hat of peanut is very bigger than the influence that is subjected to environmental condition, and arid promotes the growth of root system, and wet condition then promotes the growth of acrial part.Root/hat between the different cultivars is than very big difference is arranged.Rodrigues (1984) thinks that wilting Zao than other kind to the responsive kind Pearl Early Runner of arid is that root/hat is than little because the root growth of Pearl Early Runner is slow under the water stress condition.Nageswara Rao discovers that drought-resistant variety ICGV86707 can keep the growth of root system during a drought, and other kind then can not.When crop was subjected to water stress, abscisic acid content was multiplied in the body, makes the Lao Ye yellowing and shedding, was that crop is stood the performance that arid threatens.Abscisic acid content in the plant corpus is directly related with growth and the drought-resistant ability of plant, because abscisic acid is participated in the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of keeping plasma membrane directly, and cause producing in the plant corpus arid physiological reaction of a series of adaptation opposings and form reaction, to improve drought resistance.Reports such as Li Ling, under drought condition, abscisic acid content increases in the body, helps peanut and resists arid.Even the peanut of anti-morning kind also can be kept normal turgescence by osmotic adjustment under low flow of water situation, regulate the aperture of pore, photosynthesis is normally carried out.In fact, peanut is compeled under the condition in arid association, is not to rely on single mechanism to resist arid, but number of mechanisms plays a role jointly, just in different kinds, and the leading position difference that different mechanisms is shared.The peanut varieties of breeding at present all is the kind of single resistance index, because the drought resistance of crop is by controlled by multiple genes, breeds all desirable kind of various drought resistant index in a short time and is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, and a kind of selection of the polymorphic new varieties of peanut of saving water, resisting drought is provided.This method can form the new peanut variety of saving water, resisting drought apace in batches.
The present invention realizes by following technical solution: the selection of the new peanut variety of described a kind of saving water, resisting drought comprises the steps:
The first step is sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the single drought-resistant character of high yield:
The present invention mainly is divided three classes drought-resistant character: (1) dark root type: measured in 70 days behind the peanut seeding, more than the long 10cm of stem root, total root long (an individual plant root length summation) more than the 20m, can absorb soil deep water part, avoid arid, such peanut varieties is called dark root type; (2) anti-rising type: population leaf area index (individual plant leaf area/covering land area) is lower than 2.0, blade moisture content transpiration rate 0.4～0.6mmol.m
-2s
-1, reduce water evaporates, keep soil moisture, such peanut varieties is called anti-rising type; (3) the drought-resistant type of coercing: from broadcasting back 70 days control water, soil relative water content (mass percent) is kept at 40～50%, and up to results, single plant yield still reaches more than the 15g, and such peanut varieties is called the drought-resistant type of coercing;
Is maternal with the high-yield peanut variety, respectively with the kind with drought-resistant character in above-mentioned three kinds of drought-resistant characters as male parent, hybridization produces F
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, in the stable generation is that goal orientation is selected with dark root type, anti-rising type and the drought-resistant type of coercing respectively, obtains the dark root type of high yield, the anti-rising type of high yield, the drought-resistant monoclonal antibody pure lines (pure lines that only contain an anti-drought gene) of coercing three types on type of high yield respectively; These pure lines of three types are mixed into a polymorphism kind according to 1: 1: 1 impartial principle of forming;
Second step was sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the two drought-resistant characters of high yield:
Three types the monoclonal antibody that obtains with the first step is sheerly as hybrid strain, selects the dark root type of high yield, the anti-two types of drought-resistant varieties of rising type of high yield to hybridize hybridization generation F with the drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield respectively
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, respectively with the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield is a select target, obtain the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, high yield anti-rising-drought-resistantly coerce two anti-pure lines that two kinds on type has two anti-drought genes; These pure lines of two types are mixed into a polymorphism kind according to 1: 1 impartial principle of forming;
The 3rd step was sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the high yield that has three types of drought-resistant characters concurrently:
Two types two anti-pure lines that obtain with second step are hybrid strain, with the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield is the mutual cross of parent's phase, hybridization generation F
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, be select target with the dark root of high yield-anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing, obtain the dark root of high yield-anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing and have the pure lines of three anti-drought genes concurrently; The principle that 2～10 pure lines of this type are formed according to equalization is mixed into a polymorphism kind;
At last, the stability of each polymorphism kind breeding time of observing that three steps obtain, and carry out drought resisting evaluation and production test, eliminate non-stabilized rate breeding time low the polymorphism kind, and then select the new peanut variety of saving water, resisting drought.
The present invention is in the same place the gene integration of high-yield character and drought-resistant character by traditional breeding method, creates higher, the comprehensive drought-resistant character of output drought resisting new lines preferably.The kind of assembly polymorphism is then identified and production test by drought resistance, obtains best of breed, seed selection output height, comprehensive drought-resistant character drought resisting polymorphism preferably new varieties.In polymorphism varietal population existing dark root type individual plant, again anti-rising type individual plant is arranged, also have the drought-resistant type individual plant of coercing.When meeting arid, dark root type individual plant absorbs deep layer moisture content and moistens topsoil, and the shallow root individual plant is moistened.Anti-simultaneously rising type reduces water evaporates, using water wisely, extension soil moisture arid; When soil moisture was not enough, drought-resistant stress physiology mechanism was activated, thereby has prolonged the drought resisting time, and this is effective especially for the discontinuity arid, and in fact the discontinuity arid is the main type of crop arid.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1. the present invention divides into dark root type, anti-rising type and the drought-resistant type of coercing with drought-resistant character, and drought-resistant character is specialized, and is workable.
2. saving water, resisting drought peanut polymorphism kind of the present invention is at first cultivated the pure lines of Different Drought shape, according to Physiology of Drought Resistance rule assembly polymorphism kind.The present invention is different from general multiline variety.Multiline variety be several main proterties are identical with former kind, only have the different strain mixed cultures of proterties near-isogenic line different to be used for producing with former kind.And the present invention forms drought resisting and other proterties diversity kind with a plurality of that have a Different Drought shape and diverse strains of affiliation, and hereditary basis is abundanter.The present invention also is different from the bulk variety of wheat, because bulk variety is after carrying out mixed planting with wheat susceptible variety and disease-resistant variety by different proportion, find that bar rust leaf rust and powdery mildew all alleviate than theoretical value is significant, and it is remarkable to protect the product effect, and the present invention is with dark root type, anti-rising type and the drought-resistant type pure lines of coercing, according to Physiology of Drought Resistance rule assembly polymorphism kind.The present invention also is different from multiple gene kind (or claiming bulk variety), because the multiple gene kind is by a plurality of hybridization with male parent colony pollen mixture, select by repeatedly mixing, the polygene type group of breeding, do not know each genotype proportion of composing fully, and in offspring's selfing process, it is very fast to degenerate, utilize generation number less, original seed reappears difficulty.And the present invention is a plurality of pure lines with Different Drought shape of isozygotying, and combines according to certain ratio, knows each genotypic proportion of composing, and good reproducibility can in time be bred original seed and be used for producing to go up.Be beneficial to Seed Industrialization production.
3. the present invention releases different polymorphic kinds at different breeding phases, can in time satisfy the demand that goes up drought-resistant variety of producing.Along with the propelling of breeding phase, the polymorphism kind and three that the polymorphism kind of being made up of monoclonal antibody pure lines is formed to two anti-pure lines resists and is sheerly the polymorphism kinds of forming and strides forward, and the kind drought resistance of breeding is better, and yielding ability is more stable.
4. the polymorphism kind be made up of the different pure lines of a plurality of drought-resistant characters of the present invention is known the proportion of composing of each strain, can in time breed original seed and breeder's stock, is beneficial to the seed industry and produces.But because the performance that each product tie up in the polymorphism kind is different, output is also different, and it is different with original seed that the self progeny can become.Need the production of hybrid seeds from generation to generation as crossbreed like this.Industrialization prospect is extensive.
5. the present invention is because the polymorphism kind is made up of the different pure lines in a plurality of sources, and proterties is stablized, and except drought-resistant character has multistate character, the source of other economical character and disease resistance is also different, has polymorphism equally.Such kind has the multiple damage by disease and insect of opposing and postpones the disease variation, reduces the ability that the selection of pathogen is pressed, thereby reaches more disease-resistant purpose.Therefore the polymorphism kind has that comprehensive drought-resistant character is good, disease resistance strong and characteristics such as wide adaptability.And called after polymorphism kind.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is done detailed description further.
Embodiment one
Be sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the high yield monoclonal antibody:
(1) parent's selection principle
1. it is maternal selecting the good quality and high output peanut varieties, and present embodiment is selected 4 high yielding variety, comprises Guangdong oil 7, Guangdong oil 223, Guangdong oil 13, Shan oil 523 (preceding 3 are Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences's improved variety, and back one is Shantou Institute of Agricultural Sciences's seed selection).These 4 kinds are in Guangdong Province's peanut regional test, and average yield per mu is all above 300 kilograms.
2. male parent must have dark root type, anti-rising type, drought-resistantly coerce in three drought-resistant characters of type one or two.Because still do not have the peanut germplasm of two drought-resistant characters at present, present embodiment is selected the germplasm with a drought-resistant character for use, and is specific as follows:
2 of anti-rising type peanut varieties promptly lie prostrate peanut, chimera enterprise.Be farm variety, yield poorly, but leaf is little, population leaf area index (1.5) is little, transpiration rate moderate about 5.0.Water evaporates is slow.
2 of dark root type peanut varieties, i.e. ICGV90115, ICGV90104, two materials that kinds are all introduced from India, long 15.2cm and the 16.3cm of reaching respectively of main root, total root length reaches 21.2m and 24.7m respectively.
Drought-resistant 2 of the type peanut varieties of coercing, promptly ICGV86635, ICGV90116 are the kinds of introducing from India.Average single plant yield reaches 20g and 21.5g respectively under the drought stress condition.
(2) hybridization is selected
Drought-resistant variety is matched hybridization in twos with high yielding variety respectively, adopt method seed selection such as directed selection to become the new peanut variety of high yield drought resisting.
First kind of anti-rising type strain breeding of high yield:
The anti-rising type strain A02-1 of Guangdong oil 7 * chimera enterprise → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield;
Guangdong oil 223 * volt peanut → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield resists rising type strain A02-2:
The second kind of dark root type of high yield strain breeding:
The Guangdong oil 13 * ICGV90115 → dark root type of 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield strain A02-3:
The Shan oil 523 * ICGV90104 → dark root type of 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield strain A02-4;
The drought-resistant type strain breeding of coercing of the third high yield:
The drought-resistant type strain A02-6 that coerces of Guangdong oil 7 * ICGV86635 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield;
The drought-resistant type strain A02-7 that coerces of Guangdong oil 223 * ICGV90116 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation selection → high yield;
Annotate: above-mentioned hybridization is female parent with the former all, and the latter is a male parent.
With above-mentioned three types, mix colony of composition according to the ratio of complete equalization, obtain the polymorphism new varieties.
As: high yield anti-rising type strain A02-1, the dark root type of high yield strain A02-3 and drought-resistant three strains of type strain A02-6 of coercing of high yield are mixed into a colony according to impartial composing principle, obtain polymorphism strain A02-51.By that analogy, above-mentioned three kinds of drought resisting types, 6 strains obtain a collection of polymorphism kind altogether.
At last, observe each polymorphism kind stability of breeding time.Eliminate unsettled polymorphism kind breeding time.Carry out output and drought resisting and identify, obtain two of the good polymorphism kinds of high-production synthetic drought-resistant character, A02-51, A02-53.
Table 1 monoclonal antibody polymorphism kind drought resisting test
| Polymorphic kind | Form | Drought resisting type and index | The tolerance arid time (my god) | |
| A02-51 | ????A02-1 | Anti-rising type leaf area index 1.9 transpiration rates 5.1 | ??5 | ????15 |
| ????A02-3 | The dark long 12.3cm of the long 21.3m main root of the total root of root type | ??9 | ||
| ????A02-6 | Drought stress type single plant yield 19.6g | ??6 | ||
| A02-53 | ????A02-2 | Anti-rising type leaf area index 1.5 transpiration rates 4.8 | ??5 | ????13 |
| ????A02-4 | The dark long 15.6cm of the long 22.8m main root of the total root of root type | ??7 | ||
| ????A02-7 | The drought-resistant type single plant yield 21.7g that coerces | ??6 | ||
| Shan oil 523 | Contrast is planted | High yielding variety (not drought resisting) | ??3 | |
Annotate: single plant yield: from broadcasting back 70 days control water, soil relative water content is kept at 40～50%, up to results, and the single plant yield that records.
The comparative test of kind drought resistance:
Plantation in the drought canopy, each kind is planted 200 caves, 2 in every cave, density 15 * 18cm.Measure soil moisture content, root length, leaf area index, transpiration rate from broadcasting back 70 days.Begin simultaneously to stop to pour water and cover, prevent that moisture content from through the evaporation of soil table, reaching wilting coefficient until soil moisture content with film.Investigation reaches wilting coefficient required time (fate) from cutting off the water to soil moisture content, is called the tolerance arid time.The results list 1, the result shows:
Pure lines A02-1, after A02-3 and A02-6 stop to pour water, reach wilting coefficient respectively at soil moisture content after 5,9,6 days, promptly tolerate arid fate and have only 5～9 days, but obtain polymorphism kind A02-51 after three strains are mixed in 1: 1: 1 ratio, whole colony after 15 days soil moisture content just reach wilting coefficient.Be that drought-enduring fate reaches 15 days, the pure lines A02-3 longer than the drought-enduring time grows 6 days, improves drought resistance greatly, than locality contrast kind of 12 a days drought-enduring time of prolongation.
Pure lines A02-2, after A02-4 and A02-7 stop to pour water, reach wilting coefficient respectively at soil moisture content after 5,7,6 days, promptly tolerate arid fate and have only 5～7 days, but obtain polymorphism kind A02-53 after three strains are mixed in 1: 1: 1 ratio, whole colony after 13 days soil moisture content just reach wilting coefficient.Be that drought-enduring fate reaches 13 days, the pure lines A02-4 longer than the drought-enduring time grows 6 days, and the drought resistance of polymorphism kind A02-53 is significantly higher than pure lines, than locality contrast kind of 10 a days drought-enduring time of prolongation.
Production test:
It experimental field is the nonirrigated farmland, there is not irrigation conditions, the production later stage runs into 20 days arid nearly, polymorphism kind A02-51 and A02-53 are still than locality contrast kind of obviously volume increase 35.4～62%, the plumpness height, comparison is according to 6.4～9.6 percentage points of kind of raisings, and kernel percent also contrasts kind of raising 6.6～8.0 percentage points.Illustrate that these two polymorphism kinds still can reach higher output (seeing Table 4) under drought condition.
Embodiment two
Seed selections by the high yield pair polymorphism kind that anti-pure lines are formed: in embodiment one, the anti-rising type strain of first kind of drought resisting type, second kind of drought resisting class moldeed depth root type strain respectively with the drought-resistant type incross of coercing of the third drought resisting type, select respectively anti-rising-drought-resistant type and dark root-drought-resistant two anti-strain of coercing of coercing.
A02-1 (anti-rising type) * A02-6 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-61
A02-1 (anti-rising type) * A02-7 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-62
A02-2 (anti-rising type) * A02-6 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-63
A02-2 (anti-rising type) * A02-7 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-64
A02-3 (dark root type) * A02-6 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the dark root-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-65
A02-3 (dark root type) * A02-7 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the dark root-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-66
A02-4 (dark root type) * A02-6 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the dark root-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-67
A02-4 (dark root type) * A02-7 (the drought-resistant type of coercing) → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (the dark root-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-68
Obtain anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type, dark root-drought-resistant two types of 8 new lines of type of coercing of coercing altogether, form according to the principle that the two kinds of drought resisting types of making peace breeding time one are formed with aliquot, identify through output and drought resistance, obtain output height, comprehensive good 3 of the polymorphism kinds (table 2) of drought-resistant character:
Table 2 pair anti-polymorphism kind drought resistance is identified
| Polymorphic kind | Form (each strain is impartial mixes) | The drought resisting type | Drought resistant index | The tolerance arid time (my god) | |
| A02-81 | A02-61，A02-62， A02-63，A02-64 | Anti-transpiration-drought-resistant the type of coercing | Leaf area index 1.7 transpiration rates 5.3 single plant yield 19.2g | ????11 | ????17 |
| ????A02-65，A02-66， ????A02～67，A02-68 | The dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing | The total long 12.3cm single plant yield of the long 21.3m main root of root 21.2g | ????11 | ||
| ?A02-82 | ????A02-61，A02-63 ????A02-66，A02- | Anti-rising-the drought-resistant moldeed depth root-drought-resistant of coercing | The long 24.3m of the leaf area index 1.5 transpiration rate total roots of 5.5 single plant yield 22.2g | ????10 | ????16 |
| ????67 | Coerce type | The long 11.3cm single plant yield of main root 25.2g | ????11 | ||
| ??A02-83 | ????A02-64 | Anti-transpiration-drought-resistant the type of coercing | Leaf area index 1.8 transpiration rates 5.3 single plant yield 17.2g | ?????8 | ????15 |
| ????A02-68 | Dark root-drought-resistant the type of coercing | The total long 13.3cm single plant yield of the long 21.9m main root of root 21.7g | ?????9 | ||
| Shan oil 523 | Contrast is planted | ?????4 |
Annotate: single plant yield: from broadcasting back 70 days control water, soil relative water content is kept at 40～50%, up to results, and the single plant yield that records.
Drought resistance appraising method is identical with the first step.Result's (table 2) shows:
By anti-rising drought-resistant coerce 4 strains of type and dark root drought-resistant coerce 4 strains of type totally 8 strains forms polymorphism kind A02-81, the drought-enduring time was 17 days, than pure lines prolongation 6 days.
By anti-rising drought-resistant coerce type A02-61, A02-63 and root long drought-resistant coerce type A02-66, A02-67 totally 4 strains forms polymorphism kind A02-82, the drought-enduring time was 16 days, than pure lines prolongation 5～6 days.
By anti-rising drought-resistant coerce type A02-64 and root long drought-resistant coerce type A02-68 totally 2 strains forms polymorphism kind A02-83, the drought-enduring time was 15 days, than pure lines prolongation 5～6 days.
Production test:
The production test later stage runs into 20 days arid nearly, and polymorphism kind A02-81, A02-82, A02-83 are respectively than locality contrast kind of volume increase 82.91%, 74.68% and 77.85%.Show the characteristic of tangible drought resisting stable yields.(seeing Table 4)
Embodiment three
Resist the seed selections that are sheerly the polymorphism kind of forming by high yield three:
In embodiment two, finish for the second time breed breeding after, obtain 8 strains with two drought-resistant characters, with the incross of Different Drought shape among the embodiment two, select 4 peanut strains that comprehensive drought-resistant character is good:
(the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-61 * (the dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-65 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (anti-transpiration-dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-101
(the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-62 * (the dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-66 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (anti-transpiration-dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-102
(the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-63 * (the dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-67 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (anti-transpiration-dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-104
(the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-64 * (the dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-68 → 3～5 generations selfing stable orientation is selected → (anti-transpiration-dark root type-drought-resistant type of coercing) A02-105
Above-mentioned two above strains are mixed into the polymorphism kind, identify by output and resistance to obtain the high comprehensive good strain of drought resistance of 3 output:
With A02-101, A02-102, A02-103, A02-104 totally 4 strains be mixed into polymorphism kind A02-200, the drought-enduring time reaches 18 days (table 3).
With A02-102, A02-103, A02-104 totally 3 strains be mixed into polymorphism kind A02-201, the drought-enduring time reaches 18 days (table 3).
With A02-102, A02-104 totally 2 strains be mixed into polymorphism kind A02-202, the drought-enduring time reaches 17 days (table 3).Because the hereditary basis and the ecological diversity of this kind complexity, not only comprehensive drought-resistant character is good but also can resist multiple diseases.
Production test:
The production test later stage runs into 20 days arid nearly, and polymorphism kind A02-200, A02-201, A02-202 are respectively than locality contrast kind of volume increase 90.51%, 82.28% and 74.68%.Show the characteristic of tangible drought resisting stable yields.(seeing Table 4)
Table 3 three anti-polymorphism peanut varieties drought resistings are identified
| Kind | Form (each strain is impartial mixes) | The drought resisting type | Drought resistant index | The tolerance arid time (my god) |
| A02-200 | A02-101、 A02-102、 A02-103、 A02-104 | Each pure lines all has three resistances: anti-rising type, dark root type, the drought-resistant type of coercing | Leaf area index 1.7 transpiration rates 5.3 single plant yield 19.2g | ????18 |
| A02-201 | A02-102、 A02-103、 A02-104 | The total long 11.3cm single plant yield of the long 24.3m main root of root 25.2g | ????18 | |
| A02-202 | A02-102、 A02-104 | Leaf area index 1.8 transpiration rates 5.3 single plant yield 17.2g | ????17 | |
| Shan oil 523 | Contrast is planted | ????4 |
Production test:
Experimental field be the nonirrigated farmland, 0.5 mu of each kind.There is not irrigation conditions, the production later stage runs into 20 days arid nearly, and the polymorphism kind is than local contrast kind of obvious volume increase 35.4～90.51%, and plumpness reaches 68.3～77.1%, comparison is according to 6.4～15.2 percentage points of kind of raisings, and kernel percent also contrasts kind of raising 6.6～12 percentage points.Illustrate that the polymorphism kind still can reach higher output under drought condition.Particularly the A02-200 comparison reaches 90.51% according to kind of a volume increase.
Table 4 drought resisting polymorphism variety production result of the test
| The polymorphism kind | Output kg/667m 2 | Comparison is according to volume increase kg/667m 2 | Comparison is according to rate of growth % | Kernel percent % | Plumpness % |
| ??A02-200 | ????301 | ????143 | ????90.51 | ??72.1 | ??70.2 |
| ??A02-201 | ????288 | ????130 | ????82.28 | ??71.3 | ??75.3 |
| ??A02-202 | ????276 | ????118 | ????74.68 | ??70.2 | ??77.1 |
| ??A02-81 | ????289 | ????131 | ????82.91 | ??69.7 | ??67.1 |
| ??A02-82 | ????276 | ????118 | ????74.68 | ??68.4 | ??68.4 |
| ??A02-83 | ????281 | ????123 | ????77.85 | ??68.3 | ??69.4 |
| ??A02-51 | ????256 | ????98 | ????62.03 | ??68.1 | ??71.5 |
| ??A02-53 | ????214 | ????56 | ????35.44 | ??66.7 | ??68.3 |
| Shan oil 523 (Ck) | ????158 | ??60.1 | ??61.9 |
Claims (4)
1. the selection of the new peanut variety of a saving water, resisting drought is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step is sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the single drought-resistant character of high yield:
Is maternal with the high-yield peanut variety, respectively with have dark root type, anti-rising type, drought-resistant peanut varieties of coercing a drought-resistant character in three kinds of drought-resistant characters of type as male parent, hybridization produces F
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, be that goal orientation is selected with dark root type, anti-rising type and the drought-resistant type of coercing respectively in the stable generation, obtain the dark root type of high yield, the anti-rising type of high yield, the drought-resistant monoclonal antibody pure lines of coercing three types on type of high yield respectively; These pure lines of three types are mixed into a polymorphism kind according to 1: 1: 1 impartial principle of forming;
Second step was sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the two drought-resistant characters of high yield:
Three types the monoclonal antibody that obtains with the first step is sheerly as hybrid strain, selects the dark root type of high yield, the anti-two types of drought-resistant varieties of rising type of high yield to hybridize hybridization generation F with the drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield respectively
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, respectively with the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield is a select target, obtain the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, high yield anti-rising-drought-resistantly coerce two anti-pure lines that two kinds on type has two anti-drought genes; These pure lines of two types are mixed into a polymorphism kind according to 1: 1 impartial principle of forming;
The 3rd step was sheerly the seed selection of the polymorphism kind of forming by the high yield that has three types of drought-resistant characters concurrently:
Two types two anti-pure lines that obtain with second step are hybrid strain, with the dark root of high yield-drought-resistant coerce type, the anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing of high yield is the mutual cross of parent's phase, hybridization generation F
1Generation, stable by the selfing of 3～5 generations, be select target with the dark root of high yield-anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing, obtain the dark root of high yield-anti-transpiration-drought-resistant type of coercing and have the pure lines of three anti-drought genes concurrently; The principle that 2～10 pure lines of this type are formed according to equalization is mixed into a polymorphism kind;
At last, the stability of each polymorphism kind breeding time of observing that three steps obtain, and carry out drought resisting evaluation and production test, eliminate the low polymorphism kind of non-stabilized rate breeding time, and then select the new peanut variety of saving water, resisting drought.
2. the selection of the new peanut variety of a kind of saving water, resisting drought according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described dark root type peanut varieties is meant behind the peanut seeding 70 days and measures, more than the long 10cm of stem root, more than total long 20m of root, can absorb soil deep water part, avoid the peanut varieties of arid.
3. the selection of the new peanut variety of a kind of saving water, resisting drought according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described anti-rising type peanut varieties is meant that the population leaf area index is lower than 2.0, blade moisture content transpiration rate 0.4～0.6mmol.m
-2s
-1, reduce water evaporates, keep the peanut varieties of soil moisture.
4. the selection of the new peanut variety of a kind of saving water, resisting drought according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described drought-resistant type peanut varieties of coercing is meant from broadcasting back 70 days control water, soil relative water content is kept at 40～50%, up to results, single plant yield still reaches the above peanut varieties of 15g.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102918154A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-02-06 | 独立行政法人农业生物资源研究所 | Gene Dro1 controlling deep-rooted characteristics of plant and utilization of same |
| CN103004324A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for quickly identifying and choosing drought-resistant peanuts indoors |
| CN104719131A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省花生研究所 | Disc plant type high yield and high oleic acid peanut variety cultivation method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100589695C (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-02-17 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Slective seeding method for super-high yield peanut |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102918154A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-02-06 | 独立行政法人农业生物资源研究所 | Gene Dro1 controlling deep-rooted characteristics of plant and utilization of same |
| CN102918154B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2016-02-17 | 独立行政法人农业生物资源研究所 | Control gene Dro1 and the application thereof of plant deep root feature |
| CN103004324A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for quickly identifying and choosing drought-resistant peanuts indoors |
| CN104719131A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-06-24 | 山东省花生研究所 | Disc plant type high yield and high oleic acid peanut variety cultivation method |
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