CN1569846A - 具有长效抗静电和一定杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐 - Google Patents

具有长效抗静电和一定杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐 Download PDF

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CN1569846A
CN1569846A CN 03146800 CN03146800A CN1569846A CN 1569846 A CN1569846 A CN 1569846A CN 03146800 CN03146800 CN 03146800 CN 03146800 A CN03146800 A CN 03146800A CN 1569846 A CN1569846 A CN 1569846A
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quaternary ammonium
ammonium salt
epoxy
epoxy quaternary
long
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徐燕莉
花晓泉
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及了一种具有长效抗静电和杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐。本发明的主要特征在于:(1)该环氧季铵盐具有良好的抗静电性能和杀菌性能;(2)该环氧季铵盐是由叔胺和环氧氯丙烷反应生成的;(3)该环氧季铵盐结构有如下特征:a.四个碳链中至少有一个碳链带有环氧基团;b.至少有一个碳链为长十二、十四、十六或十八碳的饱和烷基。

Description

具有长效抗静电和一定杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐
                 技术领域
抗静电剂及杀菌剂。
                 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有长效抗静电和杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐。
本发明主要采用以下技术方案:
1.环氧季铵盐的合成
本发明所要合成的环氧季铵盐反应式如下:
Figure A0314680000031
        R=CnH2n+1    n=12,14,16,18
(1)反应路线的选择
目标产物的分子结构可以进行如下拆分:
按a式进行拆分,反应物应为二甲基烷基叔胺(其中的烷基是十二、十四、十六或者十八烷基)和环氧氯丙烷,二者都是常见的工业原料,按此路线进行反应比较经济,因此本发明选择a路线。按a式拆分进行反应有两种实施方法:一种是将叔胺制成盐(如盐酸盐),溶于水,然后用环氧氯丙烷滴定,反应完成后再用浓碱使环氧闭环。此反应不但工艺复杂、成本较高,而且由于使用酸和浓碱,污染严重;另一种方法是叔胺和环氧氯丙烷在非水条件下直接反应。此方法条件简单,容易实施,虽然环氧氯丙烷用量较大,但是可以通过控制条件,减少副反应的发生,回收利用环氧氯丙烷。因此本发明选择此实施方法进行反应。
(2)反应介质的选择
本发明用环氧氯丙烷做溶剂。
(3)反应温度的选择
通过实验本发明确定反应的温度在30~70℃时较好。
(4)反应时间的确定
通过实验本发明确定反应时间在3~5hr为宜。
2.环氧季铵盐抗静电性能检测
取5块尼龙织物为样品,置于10%的环氧季铵盐溶液中浸泡4hr,然后在100℃下烘2hr后取出。用DDS-11A型电导率仪测其电导率(k):
k  k(洗一次) k(洗二次) k(洗三次) k(洗四次) k(洗五次)
空白样 0.60  0.60  0.60  0.60  0.60  0.60
样品1 2.00  1.65  1.25  1.24  1.20  1.20
样品2 1.80  1.40  1.20  1.20  1.20  1.20
样品3 2.00  1.50  1.20  1.17  1.17  1.17
样品4 1.80  1.45  1.20  1.20  1.20  1.20
样品5 1.90  1.50  1.25  1.20  1.20  1.20
*电导率(k)单位:μS/cm其中S为电导单位西门子。
结果显示:该环氧季铵盐能明显提高样品的电导率,具有较好的抗静电性能,而且从表中数据可以看出,该环氧季铵盐对织物的抗静电改性具有长效性。
3.环氧季铵盐的杀菌性能检测
本发明采用K-B法检测环氧季铵盐的杀菌效果。所采用的标准菌种是ATCC25922(金黄色葡萄球菌)。见表1:
    季铵盐溶液浓度     季铵盐溶液抑菌环
    36g/L     15mm
    18g/L     14mm
    9g/L     9mm
    4.5g/L     8mm
    2.25g/L     7mm
               表-1对ATCC25922抑菌效果
*季铵盐待测液为高温高压杀菌处理。
结果显示:此季铵盐在高浓度(18g/L)对金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑制作用。
                     发明实施例
下面将阐述几个实施例更加详细地说明本发明。
                       实施例1
在1升的反应釜中加入500ml的环氧氯丙烷,升温至50℃,加入180ml的二甲基十六烷基叔胺,开启搅拌器,反应4hr,过滤,在常温下真空干燥或者风干后备用,即得到产品。
                       实施例2
在1升的反应釜中加入500ml的环氧氯丙烷,升温至55℃,加入200ml的二甲基十八烷基叔胺,开启搅拌器,反应5hr,过滤,在常温下真空干燥或者风干后备用,即得到产品。

Claims (7)

1.有抗静电和杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐是由叔胺和环氧氯丙烷反应生成的。
2.根据权利要求1的环氧季铵盐,其中所述的环氧季铵盐可用下述通式代表:
Figure A031468000002C1
3.根据权利要求2的环氧季铵盐,其中所述的季铵盐通式,R1是(2,3)-环氧丙基。
4.根据权利要求3的环氧季铵盐,其中所述的季铵盐通式,R2为十二、十四、十六或十八碳饱和烷基。
5.根据权利要求3的环氧季铵盐,其中所述的季铵盐通式,R3和R4可以相同也可以不同,选自甲基、乙基或7~10个碳的芳烷基;X-是氯离子、溴离子或碘离子。
6.根据权利要求3的环氧季铵盐,合成反应温度为30~70℃。
7.根据权利要求3的环氧季铵盐,合成反应时间为3~5hr。
CN 03146800 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 具有长效抗静电和一定杀菌性能的新型环氧季铵盐 Pending CN1569846A (zh)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101225163B (zh) * 2008-02-21 2011-05-11 河南科技大学 由聚环氧氯丙烷制备聚醚型大分子离子液体的方法
CN101560380B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2012-06-27 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院 稠油解聚分散降粘剂的制备方法
WO2013094927A2 (ko) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 (주)삼보 양이온계 항균제 화합물 및 이를 함유하는 항균제 조성물
CN104447845A (zh) * 2014-10-28 2015-03-25 南京睿友贸易实业有限公司 季铵盐化合物及制备方法与应用,抗菌整理剂和抗菌织物
CN109096992A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2018-12-28 扬州国泰彩印有限公司 一种抗静电剂

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101225163B (zh) * 2008-02-21 2011-05-11 河南科技大学 由聚环氧氯丙烷制备聚醚型大分子离子液体的方法
CN101560380B (zh) * 2008-12-12 2012-06-27 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院 稠油解聚分散降粘剂的制备方法
WO2013094927A2 (ko) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 (주)삼보 양이온계 항균제 화합물 및 이를 함유하는 항균제 조성물
WO2013094927A3 (ko) * 2011-12-21 2013-08-15 (주)삼보 양이온계 항균제 화합물 및 이를 함유하는 항균제 조성물
CN104447845A (zh) * 2014-10-28 2015-03-25 南京睿友贸易实业有限公司 季铵盐化合物及制备方法与应用,抗菌整理剂和抗菌织物
CN109096992A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2018-12-28 扬州国泰彩印有限公司 一种抗静电剂

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