CN1561675A - Room temperature environment control technology based on economic optimum - Google Patents
Room temperature environment control technology based on economic optimum Download PDFInfo
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- CN1561675A CN1561675A CNA2004100144343A CN200410014434A CN1561675A CN 1561675 A CN1561675 A CN 1561675A CN A2004100144343 A CNA2004100144343 A CN A2004100144343A CN 200410014434 A CN200410014434 A CN 200410014434A CN 1561675 A CN1561675 A CN 1561675A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
A green house environment controlling technique with optimal economic effect features that an optimal control scheme is determined through measuring the growth of crop under some, environmental factors and the environmental factors privoded by temp control system, creating their database and control effect database, calculating the ability to provide the environmental factors and its cost P, calculating the economic yield C of crop, and choosing the maximal C/P value to obtain optimal control scheme.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agro-biological environmental engineering and facilities horticulture technical field, refering in particular to the economic optimum is the Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology of target.
Background technology
The principal character that modern greenhouse is produced, be can be according to outdoor weather condition and crop growth stage, utilize environmental control equipment that the environmental condition in the greenhouse is effectively controlled, adopt the continuous mode of production and way to manage, efficiently, balancedly produce various vegetables, fruit, flowers, medicinal material etc.
The factor that influences crop growth in the greenhouse is a lot, is mainly concerned with moisture, nutrient, temperature, illumination and humidity etc.In order to obtain maximum productive profit or the economic output of crop, must control effectively to these envirment factors that influences crop growth and output, to be thought of as cost and the crop corresponding amount of growth that increases, i.e. economic output of crop under the control device of execution of the greenhouse operation operation that these control institutes must pay simultaneously.
Extensive positive exploratory development has been carried out in aspects such as present China controls automatically at greenhouse, intelligent management, the strategy and the means of environment control have been proposed in the greenhouse, to implement, as greenhouse Fuzzy control system, BP nerve network control system etc., positive effect has been played in the development that promotes China's industrialized agriculture.But in the working control process, fail growth conditions and process in conjunction with crop, interaction between plant growth in the greenhouse and the greenhouse is lacked combination, simultaneously the mechanism of crop growth in the greenhouse and output are formed and do not go deep into and substantial research arranged, make these achievements in research on practicality, be subjected in various degree influence, greenhouse can't be realized the Comprehensive Control of high-yield and high-efficiency, and the precision of control and stability are all relatively poor.The facilities environment control technology of China mainly adopts single-factor control, and the problem of intercoupling of envirment factor is failed to solve well.Operation and adjustment a large amount of in the greenhouse all need manual operation and adjustment, and crop growth environment factor regulation and control degree is very low, and the operation cost in whole greenhouse is very high.
Environment optimization control technology and control target are the research emphasis of foreign agriculture engineering circle always in the greenhouse.The TOMGRO model that J.W.Jones (1991) etc. propose, the relation of utilizing the strong variation relation of remittance of crop carbon element to seek the distribution of crop dry matter, thus find the formation mechanism of crop yield.Chalcbi (1992), Hwang (1993), Van Henten (1994,2003), Seginer (1998), Tap (2000) etc. studies kind plant such as tomato, lettuce etc. common in the greenhouse, and the optimal control of environmental management in the greenhouse has been proposed control strategy.The main economic interests of considering the grower of strategy, net profit with process of crop growth is the optimizing target, with the plantation data in five to ten years was foundation, by the Pontryagin maximum principle (MaximumPrinciple of Pontryagin) to Hamiltonian (Hamiltonian) optimizing, determine the control device that the user can arrange and acquire an advantage in the greenhouse, thereby the operation and the crop in management greenhouse grow normally.But whole control process all is to concentrate on crop generative growth phase (lettuce is in the whole growth stage), and computing formula is very complicated, and the data and the coefficient that need are very various.Burhan Ozkan (2004) has done research to its domestic greenhouse industry of Tu Er, input and output to growing vegetables in the greenhouse are analyzed, but the main starting point is cost and the output of the vegetables of every kind of plantation are analyzed, and provides guidance for the grower selects agrotype in the greenhouse.By inquiry, there is no patent application at present abroad based on the Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology of economic optimum, foreign patent is mainly reflected on the method for the greenhouse structure of newtype and greenhouse facilities, crop production system and cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of environment controlling technique based on economic optimum for the agricultural facility greenhouse.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The greenhouse regulating and controlling mechanism that the present invention adopts has: skylight, side window (or roller shutter, divide East, West, South, North), sunshade net, blower fan, wet curtain or spray, insulation heavy curtain, heater and mechanism for opening/closing thereof.
At first mensuration is planted the crop growth amount under the envirment factors such as crop different temperatures, illumination, gas concentration lwevel, measure the envirment factor parameter that is reached when each regulating and controlling mechanism of greenhouse is carried out, set up database, the control effect data storehouse of envirment factor and crop growth amount.
Set a period (being generally 10-30 minute) then, one of controlling organization such as select ventilation, cooling, dehumidifying, humidification, heat, utilize control effect data storehouse, the pre-period regulation amount of envirment factor that can reach in the period is being set in calculating, simultaneously the interior spent P that controls cost of mechanism action between calculating at this moment;
According to the pre-period regulation amount of resulting envirment factor, utilize the database of crop growth amount again, calculate the economic output value C of crop;
Calculate the C/P value again;
Repeat above b, c, d step at last, to seeking maximum in the issuable C/P value under independent effect of all controlling organizations in the greenhouse of being implemented and the compound action, controlling organization action in the pairing greenhouse of this maximum is by economic optimum and is control target desired control scheme.
Preferable technical scheme is that the crop whole growth is divided into vegetative growth phase and generative growth phase season, when crop is in vegetative growth phase, the environment conditioning in greenhouse guarantees that by temperature prioritised technical scheme crop is in suitable growing environment, reduces simultaneously and controls cost.Be set at as four kinds of main chamber crop suitable growth temperatures (daytime/night): 15～20/12～15 ℃ in romaine lettuce, 22～25/14～20 ℃ of pimentos, 20～30/15～20 ℃ of tomatoes, 21～27/19～24 ℃ of cucumber.When crop was in generative growth phase, control system realized the regulation and control of environmental parameter in the greenhouse by the regulate and control method of economic optimum.
When crop is in generative growth phase, the environment conditioning technical scheme of implementing based on economic optimum is: judge at first whether the current environmental parameter in greenhouse satisfies the optimum range of plant growth, if satisfy the operating state then keep the current regulating and controlling mechanism in greenhouse, do not satisfy then that to select press economic optimum by the step of the spent ratio C/P that controls cost of the economic output value of aforementioned calculation crop and mechanism action by maximizing be the optimum control scheme of controlling target.
When night, the environment conditioning in greenhouse can adopt the scheme of controlling night, is based on average control effect level on daytime, adopts the method for the differential temperature round the clock control after improving.In order to help effective conveying of crop photosynthesis product on daytime, the first half of the night, the environment average control effect level that is controlled at a little higher than daytime in greenhouse deducted on the level of a setting value, then be to add that by the low limiting temperature of crop a setting value controls after midnight, be beneficial to reduce the consumption of whole system energy, reduce the hothouse production cost.
The invention has the advantages that:
Integrated system is analyzed the economy input and the crop economy output of the whole operation in greenhouse, according to the requirement difference of the different cultivars crop of planting in the greenhouse to environmental condition, and same kind, requirement at different vegetative stages is also different, by crop is regulated and control stage by stage, in conjunction with keeping controlling cost of greenhouse operation, satisfy the needs that the crop batch production is produced preferably with the environment control method of economic optimum, improve the economic benefit that modern greenhouse is produced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for being the greenhouse control algolithm of target with the economic optimum
Fig. 2 is greenhouse night based on the environment control flow chart of differential temperature method round the clock
Among Fig. 2, the meaning of each parameter is as follows:
T
InFor measure in the greenhouse, control appliance action back temperature value;
T3=T0+T
IfT0 is the low temperature critical temperature value of crop; T
IfFor setting value, generally answer T
If〉=1-2 ℃
T
AllBe greenhouse average temperature value on daytime;
Differential temperature value for according to differential temperature method setting round the clock is generally 4-8 ℃, and the difference size also can be determined according to plantation expert's suggestion;
T2=T1+T
If
Embodiment
Below so that one of the fruits and vegetables of main plantation in the present agricultural facility gardening-cucumber is that example further specifies technical scheme of the present invention and embodiment.
At first mensuration is planted the crop growth amount under the envirment factors such as crop different temperatures, illumination, gas concentration lwevel, measure the envirment factor parameter that is reached when each regulating and controlling mechanism of greenhouse is carried out, set up database, the control effect data storehouse of envirment factor and crop growth amount.
With the cucumber is example, about 40 days after beginning from field planting, as the vegetative growth phase of cucumber, finishes up to picking time after 40 days, as its generative growth phase.
Obtain by cultivation experiments, the Dry Matter of cucumber field planting crop photosynthesis generation in 40 days to 50 days is 0.018～0.427 to the proportional numbers of fruit, the proportional numbers that distributed in 50 days to 60 days is 0.427～0.527, the proportional numbers of 60 days to 70 days distribution is that the proportional numbers that distributes after 0.527～0.539,70 days is 0.539～0.561.
In 40 days that cucumber begins in field planting, implement, guarantee the suitable growth of cucumber by temperature prioritised control strategy.Control system changes the control scheme of generative growth phase over to after 40 days, system's ruuning situation of one day wherein for example: temperature is 35 ℃ in the 14:00 greenhouse of this day, relative moisture is 47%, intensity of illumination is 21.56kLx, judge the operation that needs carry out " decreasing temperature and increasing humidity " according to regulating effect, judge that inquiry is met all regular executable machine structure assembled schemes of " decreasing temperature and increasing humidity " and has: interior spray, interior spray+outer spray, interior spray+outer spray+southern roller shutter, interior spray+outer spray+southern roller shutter+blower fan.Option one of them, control system calculates this scheme corresponding temperature, relative moisture and intensity of illumination in setting-up time according to combination and changes, promptly obtain the environmental parameter regulation and control amount of expecting, calculate through the environmental parameter value (temperature, intensity of illumination, relative moisture in the greenhouse) in the greenhouse behind the setting-up time; Calculate the P that controls cost of the run action required cost of above-mentioned executable machine structure assembled scheme in setting-up time simultaneously, utilize the expection environmental parameter value of trying to achieve just now to calculate cucumber again at the Net Photosynthetic Rate Pn that obtains after the period through this section, by the fruit proportional numbers of the corresponding growth fate of cucumber, calculate and have a net increase of output value C through the setting-up time ensuing crop.C and P are divided by, draw the Dn value, i.e. ratio for input and output.Dn value to all executable machine structure combinations of decreasing temperature and increasing humidity compares, and therefrom selecting the maximum prescription case of Dn value is optimal case, carries out a prescription case that can make the cost performance optimum in " decreasing temperature and increasing humidity " operation in this example and is " interior spray " combination.Utilize control effect data storehouse 20 minutes optimal solution of this scheme execution to be 33.65 ℃ of temperature in the greenhouse, relative moisture 72.14%, intensity of illumination is constant.And find after 20 minutes that in practice " interior spray " combination temperature is 33.8 ℃ in the greenhouse, and relative moisture is 71%, intensity of illumination is constant, has reached the purpose of system's expected design.Reach the needs that such environmental parameter had both guaranteed plant growth, taken into account Financial cost simultaneously again.
Night, the environment controlling technique of cucumber was that to serve as the basis control in conjunction with differential temperature method round the clock for average control effect with daytime.The low temperature critical temperature value T0 of cucumber is 14 ℃, gets the differential temperature value
Be 6 ℃, according to daytime greenhouse temperature record obtain greenhouse average temperature value T on daytime
AllIt is 24 ℃.Then temperature should be controlled between 18-20 ℃ in the greenhouse first half of the night, and temperature should be controlled at more than 16 ℃ in the greenhouse after midnight.If daytime greenhouse average temperature value T
AllBe 18 ℃, temperature should be controlled at more than 14 ℃ in the then forward and backward midnight greenhouse.
According to above technical scheme, worked out control corresponding software.
Above control method has operability and control effect preferably through facts have proved it, can really realize high yield, the high-quality, efficient of hothouse production.
Claims (3)
1. based on the Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology of economic optimum, it is characterized in that:
A. mensuration is planted the crop growth amount under the envirment factors such as crop different temperatures, illumination, gas concentration lwevel, measure the envirment factor parameter that is reached when each regulating and controlling mechanism of greenhouse is carried out, set up database, the control effect data storehouse of envirment factor and crop growth amount;
B. set a period (being generally 10-30 minute), one of controlling organization such as select ventilation, cooling, dehumidifying, humidification, heat, utilize control effect data storehouse, the pre-period regulation amount of envirment factor that can reach in the period is being set in calculating, simultaneously the interior spent P that controls cost of mechanism action between calculating at this moment;
C. according to the pre-period regulation amount of resulting envirment factor, utilize the database of crop growth amount, calculate the economic output value C of crop;
D. calculate the C/P value;
E. repeat above b, c, d step, to seeking maximum in the issuable C/P value under independent effect of all controlling organizations in the greenhouse of being implemented and the compound action, controlling organization action in the pairing greenhouse of this maximum is by economic optimum and is control target desired control scheme.
2. the Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology based on economic optimum as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the growing environment control of crop is to implement different control methods by nourishing and growing with two vegetative stages of reproductive growth; Vegetative growth phase is to be undertaken by temperature prioritised control method, promptly preferentially guarantees the crop regulation and control in the preference temperature scope, and generative growth phase is realized environment control by the control scheme of ratio for input and output optimum.
3. the Status quo of Greenhouse Environment Control Technology based on economic optimum as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for the differential temperature round the clock control after improving is adopted in the environment control at greenhouse night, being about to the time period at night is divided into the first half of the night and two parts after midnight, the environment in greenhouse was controlled at the average control effect level on a little higher than daytime and deducted on the level of a differential temperature value (being generally 4-8 ℃) first half of the night, then was after midnight to add that by the low limiting temperature of crop a setting value (generally should 〉=1-2 ℃) controls.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101347081B (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-10-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hermetic device for researching gas release of plant and gas reforming discipline |
| CN104360705A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-18 | 福建农林大学 | Temperature-self-adaptation greenhouse illumination intelligent control system and control method |
| CN101909427B (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2016-01-20 | 以色列国家农业和农村发展农业研究组织沃尔坎尼中心 | For the method and system heated and dehumidify |
| CN105676922A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 沈阳农业大学 | Greenhouse regulation and control optimization method |
| CN106874578A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 农芯科技（北京）有限责任公司 | A kind of determination method for being commercialized optimal intensity of illumination in enclosed type leaf vegetables production system, luminous environment regulation and control method and system |
| CN106920174A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-04 | 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 | A kind of greenhouse heating control system and method |
| CN106951017A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-14 | 寿光市众恒唐韵信息科技有限公司 | The wisdom Greenhouse System regulation and control method of crop regulation-control model driving |
| CN109360394A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 康美中药材数据信息服务有限公司 | A kind of production of crude drugs environment early warning system |
| CN109857178A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-07 | 温岭卓致智能科技有限公司 | Greenhouse intelligent management system based on big data |
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2004
- 2004-03-25 CN CNA2004100144343A patent/CN1561675A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101909427B (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2016-01-20 | 以色列国家农业和农村发展农业研究组织沃尔坎尼中心 | For the method and system heated and dehumidify |
| CN101347081B (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-10-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Hermetic device for researching gas release of plant and gas reforming discipline |
| CN104360705A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-18 | 福建农林大学 | Temperature-self-adaptation greenhouse illumination intelligent control system and control method |
| CN105676922A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-15 | 沈阳农业大学 | Greenhouse regulation and control optimization method |
| CN105676922B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-11-03 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of greenhouse optimising and adjustment method |
| CN106874578A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 农芯科技（北京）有限责任公司 | A kind of determination method for being commercialized optimal intensity of illumination in enclosed type leaf vegetables production system, luminous environment regulation and control method and system |
| CN106874578B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2020-09-08 | 农芯科技（北京）有限责任公司 | Method for determining optimal illumination intensity in commercial closed-type leaf vegetable production system, and method and system for regulating and controlling light environment |
| CN106920174A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-04 | 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 | A kind of greenhouse heating control system and method |
| CN106951017A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-07-14 | 寿光市众恒唐韵信息科技有限公司 | The wisdom Greenhouse System regulation and control method of crop regulation-control model driving |
| CN109360394A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 康美中药材数据信息服务有限公司 | A kind of production of crude drugs environment early warning system |
| CN109360394B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-11-27 | 康美药业股份有限公司 | Medicinal material production environment early warning system |
| CN109857178A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-07 | 温岭卓致智能科技有限公司 | Greenhouse intelligent management system based on big data |
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