CN1560446A - Four-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Four-stroke internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1560446A
CN1560446A CNA2004100590931A CN200410059093A CN1560446A CN 1560446 A CN1560446 A CN 1560446A CN A2004100590931 A CNA2004100590931 A CN A2004100590931A CN 200410059093 A CN200410059093 A CN 200410059093A CN 1560446 A CN1560446 A CN 1560446A
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China
Prior art keywords
internal
mentioned
engine
combustion engine
internal combustion
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Granted
Application number
CNA2004100590931A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1298973C (en
Inventor
尼古拉斯・罗伯特・赫希
尼古拉斯·罗伯特·赫希
唐纳德・谢弗
马克·唐纳德·谢弗
・保罗・布劳恩
麦克尔·保罗·布劳恩
霍茨
彼得·霍茨
・埃尔伯特・维亚特朗斯基
达雷尔·埃尔伯特·维亚特朗斯基
・李・巴特尔特
罗纳德·李·巴特尔特
・哈伯德
布赖恩·哈伯德
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Briggs and Stratton Corp
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Briggs and Stratton Corp
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Publication of CN1560446A publication Critical patent/CN1560446A/en
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Publication of CN1298973C publication Critical patent/CN1298973C/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/024—Belt drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/04—Pressure lubrication using pressure in working cylinder or crankcase to operate lubricant feeding devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/06—Means for keeping lubricant level constant or for accommodating movement or position of machines or engines
    • F01M11/062—Accommodating movement or position of machines or engines, e.g. dry sumps
    • F01M11/064—Movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/06—Means for keeping lubricant level constant or for accommodating movement or position of machines or engines
    • F01M11/062—Accommodating movement or position of machines or engines, e.g. dry sumps
    • F01M11/065—Position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/06—Means for keeping lubricant level constant or for accommodating movement or position of machines or engines
    • F01M11/062—Accommodating movement or position of machines or engines, e.g. dry sumps
    • F01M11/065—Position
    • F01M11/067—Position inverted, e.g. for inverted flight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M3/00—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/02—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for hand-held tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/28—Cylinder heads having cooling means for air cooling
    • F02F1/30—Finned cylinder heads
    • F02F1/305—Finned cylinder heads the cylinder heads being of side valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/06—Means for keeping lubricant level constant or for accommodating movement or position of machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0037—Oilsumps with different oil compartments
    • F01M2011/0041—Oilsumps with different oil compartments for accommodating movement or position of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/22—Side valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/30—Inverted positioning of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium

Abstract

A four-stroke internal combustion engine (20) is provided. There is provided within an engine housing (28) an oil reservoir (126) and a valve chamber (156) which independently communicate with a crank chamber (124). A strategically placed divider (116) and passageway, located within the engine housing (28), appropriately direct lubricant within the engine housing (28) so that the internal cavity of the engine is lubricated during use in various operating attitudes, and so that the fluid flows to and is held in the proper chambers of the engine housing during storage. There is also provided a breather arrangement for an internal combustion engine (20) which includes a cam shaft (98) having a hollow passageway in communication wit the crank chamber (124) and the air intake system of the engine. There is also provided an engine housing which can be utilized for engines having different horse power ratings. There is also provided a crankshaft bearing assembly (68, 70) which prevents damage to the bearing upon insertion of the crankshaft (80) into the crank chamber (124).

Description

Quartastroke engine
The application is that application number is 00803081.2, the applying date is on January 13rd, 2000, denomination of invention is divided an application for the patent application of " quartastroke engine ".
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to quartastroke engine, particularly at trimmer, blower, evacuator, chain saw, other hand-held power tool, snowblower, generator, the quartastroke engine that uses in such as the plant cutting equipment of hay mower or other outdoor power equipment.
Background of invention
A lot of hand-held power tools or other outdoor power equipment provide power by motor or two stroke IC engine.Obtain electric power owing to will use cable to obtain electric power or pass through long-life storage battery, the application area of motor is restricted.Traditional two stroke IC engine comprises a lubricating fitting, and wherein lubricant oil mixes with fuel oil mutually so that internal-combustion engine carries out work under any given position on such as vertical, inclination, level or the position of putting upside down.For example, when using chain saw, chain saw can use on vertical, inclination, level or any position of putting upside down usually.In the past few years, proposed to limit the requirement of the discharging of all small gasoline internal-combustion engines (particularly traditional two stroke IC engines) by different governing bodies.So, because quartastroke engine does not require the mixing of lubricant oil and fuel oil, therefore be suitable for substituting two stroke IC engine, because the noxious emission of quartastroke engine release will be less than the noxious emission that traditional two stroke IC engine discharges usually with quartastroke engine.
, before had general viewpoint to think that quartastroke engine can only be used to some restricted application, for example hay mower, snowblower, generator or other have the portable product of wheel.Usually can expect that these existing four-stroke ic chances are very heavy, need use on the power tool that can deliver.In addition, because generally need to store separately machine oil and fuel oil, so that machine oil can be used in lubricated, traditional quartastroke engine cheaply can not be designed to can both use under any position except traditional vertical position, because if internal-combustion engine is tilted significantly, lubricant oil will block internal-combustion engine.Just recently, just begin to conceive the quartastroke engine that can use in hand-held power tool or other application, this internal-combustion engine can be worked under the condition that tilts.
The present invention's summary
Therefore, need a kind ofly can be applicable to the quartastroke engine of different dynamic instrument and can to have low emission and make the quartastroke engine of the enough light weight that the operator is satisfied with.In addition, the quartastroke engine that also needs a kind of quartastroke engine that can under a plurality of diverse locations, can both work and eliminated complicated lubrication system, and quartastroke engine with lower manufacture cost.The quartastroke engine of various needs above purpose of the present invention just provides and satisfies.
In one embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of quartastroke engine, side air valve or have the internal-combustion engine of the cylinder head of " L " firing chamber preferably, comprising: an internal combustion (IC) engine airframe comprises cylinder and crank casing; At least define the cylinder head of firing chamber, the said cylinder lid is near the said cylinder setting; Be arranged on suction valve and outlet valve in the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe; A crank box that is arranged in the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe; A sump that is arranged in the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, the said engine oil case is communicated with the mutual fluid of above-mentioned crank box; Be arranged in the lubricant oil agitator of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, so that stirring lubricant oil in above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe during the internal combustion engine with each parts of lubricated internal-combustion engine.
Be arranged on the distributor in the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, above-mentioned distributor is separated above-mentioned crank box and said engine oil case at least in part.This distributor the work of internal-combustion engine and between the storage life machine be in vertically or crosswise location status under, help guiding lubricant oil to enter into the firing chamber to prevent a certain amount of lubricant oil.This distributor defines one basically round path that distributor extends.This path allows the lubricant oil in sump mobile round the substantial section of distributor, and then strengthens the feature of lubricating and storing according to of the present invention.
This internal-combustion engine is made with lightweight material and is had the size of being suitable for, so obtain making the quartastroke engine of the satisfied enough light weight of operator.So quartastroke engine of the present invention can be applied in the field of limiting the two stroke IC engine use traditionally.
In one aspect of the invention, above-mentioned distributor comprises an opening, so above-mentioned crank box and sump can be communicated with by the mutual fluid of above-mentioned opening.Even internal-combustion engine is worked under the heel location status, above-mentioned opening can help crank box when internal combustion engine by continuous lubrication.The design of the aperture position on distributor guarantees to have at least after internal combustion engine a part of lubricant oil to flow back in the sump, even internal-combustion engine is stored on the position of heel.Preferred this distributor comprises a plurality of openings.
According to a further aspect in the invention, above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe has a cylinder side wall, and the said cylinder sidewall extends into above-mentioned crank box at least in part, with the lubricant oil space that limits between above-mentioned distributor and cylinder side wall.During operation, mix and be splashed to the internal cavities of internal-combustion engine, enter into the open area between distributor and cylinder side, and can not enter among the bucket cylinder when rotatablely moving of agitator makes lubricant oil.In addition, between the storage life, when internal-combustion engine is positioned on heel or the upside down position, above-mentioned open area and lubricant oil space have prevented that for lubricant oil provides additional holding space lubricant oil from entering into bucket cylinder.As mentioned above, if lubricant oil enters into the firing chamber, can cause occurring undesirable state.The lubricant oil space has prevented that lubricant oil from entering into bucket cylinder, and then has prevented that lubricant oil from entering into the firing chamber.
In another aspect of this invention, above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe also comprises a valve cage, and above-mentioned suction valve and outlet valve are set in above-mentioned valve cage, and above-mentioned valve cage is communicated with the mutual fluid of above-mentioned crank box.During operation, the motion of agitator produces pressure pulse in the internal chamber of internal-combustion engine, sump is lubricated with making the workpiece in valve cage being communicated with of valve cage with the connected sum crank box of crank box, even internal-combustion engine is worked under the position of heel.Preferably, valve cage also is communicated with lubricating with the workpiece of enhancing in valve cage with cylinder side wall.Internal combustion engine or storage the time, the Position Design that enters the runner of valve cage will prevent that valve cage from accepting excessive lubricant oil.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described internal-combustion engine also comprises:
Cantilever crank with opposite ends, described bent axle is positioned at above-mentioned crank box substantially; And above-mentioned agitator comprises a balancer weight with the interconnection of an end of above-mentioned bent axle, and above-mentioned balancer weight comprises apex of the wing shape aerodynamic force sidepiece, above-mentioned sidepiece reduced the windage that acts on the bent axle and when crankshaft rotating with lubricating oil splash in crank box.Above-mentioned distributor also comprises a scraping on close above-mentioned aperture position, above-mentioned scraping extends in the above-mentioned crank box at least in part, so above-mentioned agitator is through above-mentioned scraping during internal combustion engine, above-mentioned scraping is controlled the amount of the lubricant oil that contacts with above-mentioned agitator.
In another aspect of this invention, be provided with a camshaft that is rotated by above-mentioned crank-driven, above-mentioned camshaft is in orthogonal position with above-mentioned bent axle basically.On general compact internal combustion engine, camshaft and bent axle are the relations that is parallel to each other, and it is mutual vertically can not resemble the present invention.Being arranged in parallel causes the width of internal-combustion engine bigger, and the length that the causes internal-combustion engine axis long and bent axle that is arranged vertically of the present invention is arranged essentially parallel to the vertical of instrument.Long device is particularly suitable for those hand-held application tools, for example requires preferably balance so that the power trimmer of operation.The internal-combustion engine of broad rotates device in use easily in operator's hand.Being arranged vertically of this in addition axle separated the position of suction port and relief opening mutually significantly.The heat that is delivered to suction port from relief opening will be reduced like this, and the warm restart position can be do not produced.
Preferably, relief opening and suction port have oval shape, so reduced the overall height of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe.So naturally also reduced the weight of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, this is the factor of a particular importance to hand-held power tool.The wall of suction port and relief opening has enough materials, so that can support disposed thereon the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe and the weight of cylinder head.Camshaft is in orthogonal position relation with above-mentioned bent axle basically, makes air valve and above-mentioned bent axle be in orthogonal position.First valve lifter and second valve lifter, each tappet is associated with each self-corresponding air valve, and above-mentioned valve lifter effectively engages with above-mentioned camshaft.So such compact Layout has further reduced the overall weight of internal-combustion engine.
In another embodiment of the present invention, also comprise a venting channels with opposite ends, an end of above-mentioned venting channels is connected with above-mentioned axial passage, and the other end of above-mentioned venting channels is connected with the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine.Safety check can be arranged between the end of camshaft and the gas handling system to remain on the negative pressure that internal combustion engines produces.Pass through main bearing when pressure pulse forces lubricant oil/blowby fuel mixture, because the action of centrifugal force of camshaft, blowby fuel is driven in the radial hole and passage of camshaft, and machine oil is prevented from by above-mentioned hole.Blowby fuel arrives flexible pipe and also turns back to the Carburetor inlet by camshaft cover and the joint that is installed on the camshaft cover.So lubricant oil can be retained in the chamber of internal-combustion engine basically, and can not enter among the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine.
According to a further aspect in the invention, described crank casing cooperatively interacts with pistons reciprocating in said cylinder, so connecting rod can be advantageously connected on the crankshaft and piston.Crank casing and piston comprise that respectively one connects and reaches the hole.By following mode, connecting rod can be advantageously connected on the crankshaft and piston.Connecing on described crank casing reaches the hole and aligns with the hole on above-mentioned piston
A wrist pin is inserted in the hole of above-mentioned piston, and an end that is inserted into above-mentioned connecting rod is to be connected to above-mentioned connecting rod on the above-mentioned piston pivotally.At the back star washer of installation wrist pin is remained in position.
The bent axle of compact structure of the present invention and cantilever makes the assembling of internal-combustion engine of the present invention relatively more difficult, for example assembling of piston-connecting rod-bent axle.On described crank casing, reach cooperating of hole, make the assembling of above-mentioned piston-connecting rod-bent axle become easy with connecing on above-mentioned piston.Preferably, an identical internal combustion (IC) engine airframe goes for the internal-combustion engine of different horsepower output levels, just changes the stroke of connecting rod and piston simply.In order to realize this feature, can use the biston boss of oversize, the upper end that biston boss can be processed it is used for the first piston stroke to provide connecing in the crank casing to reach the hole, and the lower end that biston boss also can be processed it is used for second piston stroke to provide connecing in the crank casing to reach the hole., wrist pin is passed the crank casing connect and reach the hole and be inserted in the piston by after the suitable processing at biston boss to connect connecting rod.Therefore, identical internal combustion (IC) engine airframe can be used for the internal-combustion engine of different size.
According to a further aspect in the invention, above-mentioned crank box comprises at least two bearing supports, and the diameter of a bearing support is greater than the diameter of another bearing support, and two bearing supports are arranged on the same side of above-mentioned inner casing sidewall.Cantilever crank is positioned at two bearings on the bearing support.Bearing support near bent axle cantilever (input) end has than major diameter.Promptly the bearing support in crank box can be only with a side processed moulding of a cutter from internal combustion (IC) engine airframe.Can reduce equipment, time and expense like this.Preferably, before the bent axle in being assembled in crank box, outer bearing and agitator and balancer weight are set at the cantilever end of bent axle.Balancer weight has one and connects and reach the hole, so that instrument can be suitably be contacted with bent axle with contiguous bearing.Like this, during bent axle in being assembled in crank box, can not damage bearing.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the firing chamber is suitable for strengthening the strength of vortex of air/fuel mixture so that combustion efficiency to be provided.Preferably, the distance of spark plug and outlet valve has improved efficient like this than near with the distance of suction valve, has reduced the possibility of internal-combustion engine spontaneous combustion.
In another aspect of this invention, can use a mould and a pouring machine to produce two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, reduce cost like this, lower cost.
In another aspect of this invention, the Starter assembly is connected to the design of the crank pin of internal-combustion engine rear portion and utilization and bent axle one.Crank pin is the point of contact of crankshaft rotating, so that starting apparatus combustion engine.
In another aspect of this invention, blower casing has propeller boss, and propeller boss has an inside extension part.Propeller boss is suitable for being connected on the bent axle.The Starter assembly is set on the propeller boss, to prevent moving axially of Starter assembly.This structure has been eliminated usually need be fixed on the Starter assembly locational fitting seat that separates and fastening piece.This fitting seat that separates and fastening piece can hinder fan and blow a cold wind over.
In another aspect of this invention, a cover cap that centers on described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe at least in part, described cover cap comprises a pair of relative passage; And the fuel tank with relative outward extending shoulder, so the described shoulder of described fuel tank is admitted by the described passage of described cover cap.The packing material that is provided with between each described passage of described cover cap and each shoulder separately at described fuel tank is to guarantee the close installation between cover cap and fuel tank.
In a preferred embodiment.Fuel channel comprises the fuel filter that is connected to the end that is arranged on the fuel channel in the fuel tank.Fuel filter is used as a weight counterweight, so during internal combustion engine, if the fuel channel rotation that internal-combustion engine, has weight by heel is collected by fuel channel to guarantee fuel to the bottom of fuel tank.
In one aspect of the invention, cover cap has an opening round suction port.The air inlet isolator is installed on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe so that the air/fuel passage is aimed at suction port.The air inlet isolator can not flow away from the opening of cover cap with the cooling air of guaranteeing basically to flow through between internal combustion (IC) engine airframe and the cover cap among the opening of cover cap.In one embodiment, Carburetor and air inlet isolator interconnection.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the preferred a plurality of protruding parts of suppressor case.So if desired, internal-combustion engine can be placed on the ground by these protruding parts.
According to an aspect of the present invention, above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe also comprises at least one integrally formed back plate thereon, and above-mentioned crank casing, cylinder and back plate can be used as a monomer spare and be cast moulding.Said cylinder comprises that at least one is integrally formed in the fin on it, and described fin is from back plate extension and below above-mentioned crank casing.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a silencing apparatus is connected on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe.Above-mentioned silencing apparatus comprises the boss boss that extends into relief opening.In one embodiment, internal combustion (IC) engine airframe has one and has sealing surfaces angle, ladder, can match with the relief opening sealing surfaces to prevent that basically waste gas from escaping in the atmosphere in the end of boss.Preferably, can between the end of boss and sealing surfaces, a liner be set to reach the effect that prevents that preferably waste gas from spilling.Packing ring is arranged between silencing apparatus and the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe with the seal clearance space, thereby prevents that waste gas from escaping to atmosphere.Preferably, packing ring is the packing ring of an increasing, also can be used between internal combustion (IC) engine airframe and silencing apparatus heat insulation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described silencing apparatus comprises a pair of shell, has the construction bolt hole that is used to admit a pair of construction bolt separately at above-mentioned shell.Described silencing apparatus comprises the inner casing of a clamping between above-mentioned a pair of shell, and described inner casing comprises a pair of construction bolt hole that construction bolt passes therethrough that is used to accept.One of described shell comprises that a shoulder that extends around the edge of this shell and other shell comprise a hooked flanges of extending around the edge of this shell, so when assembling, the shoulder of a described shell is accepted the flange of described another shell.
In one aspect of the invention, described internal-combustion engine comprises: the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe with plate behind integrally formed crank casing, cylinder and the flywheel, plate comprises a fitting seat behind the described flywheel in its side, then described fitting seat accept an assembling fixed block pin; A cover cap that centers on above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe at least in part, described cover cap comprises a groove thereon, so when described cover cap during around described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, described groove is round the pin of described assembling fixed block, so after being connected to described cover cap on the described internal-combustion engine, entire internal combustion engine can shed described pin from described fitting seat, so when described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe was installed to described assembling fixed block, can assembledly substantially be finished.
Therefore, major character of the present invention provides one and comprises simple and the quartastroke engine of lubrication system cheaply, can make internal-combustion engine proper functioning under different working positions.
A feature of the present invention is, provides a kind of in conjunction with above-mentioned feature and have and make simply and easily and the quartastroke engine of assembling mode.
By with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with following detailed, it is clearer that other features and advantages of the present invention will become.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective exploded view of quartastroke engine of the present invention;
Figure 1A is that quartastroke engine shown in Figure 1 is used for a perspective view such as the assembly of power trimmer;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional end view and the part schematic representation of the internal-combustion engine in Fig. 1 of the 2-2 line of Fig. 3 intercepting;
Fig. 3 is the side cross-sectional view of internal-combustion engine of the assembling of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the guide wire of alternative shape at the internal-combustion engine shown in Fig. 3, has described rotation (revolution circulation) relation between the crankshaft gear of the internal-combustion engine that is used for Fig. 1 and camshaft gear wheel, a part of oil leab and a part of breather line system;
Fig. 5 is the guide wire of alternative shape of the internal-combustion engine in Fig. 3, has described the piston at the bottom dead center position place;
Fig. 6 be expression the present invention on the other hand relate to the schematic representation that connecting rod is connected with bent axle to piston;
Fig. 7 is the front elevation along the 7-7 line of Fig. 9, has represented the balancer weight of the main bearing position of close bent axle;
Fig. 7 A is the side view of the balancer weight of Fig. 7;
Fig. 7 B is another perspective view of the balancer weight of Fig. 7;
Fig. 8 be with a wall in combustion engine chamber on the perspective view of the agitator that cooperatively interacts of scraper plate, in order to regulate the amount with the contacted lubricant oil of agitator;
It is the amount of how to regulate with the contacted lubricant oil of agitator that Fig. 8 A has described the rotational motion of agitator of Fig. 8 and scraper plate;
Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of the location of expression the present invention bent axle that relates to the crankshaft room that is arranged in the internal-combustion engine housing on the other hand;
Figure 10 is along the part schematic representation at the top of the internal-combustion engine housing of the 10-10 line intercepting of Fig. 3, has described the spatial relationship between firing chamber, bucket cylinder, suction valve and outlet valve;
Figure 11 is along the part schematic representation of the cylinder head of the 11-11 line intercepting of Fig. 3, has described the spatial relationship between firing chamber, bucket cylinder, suction valve, outlet valve and part spark plug;
Figure 12 describes air/fuel mixture of the present invention to enter the schematic representation of the waste gas of the path of firing chamber and firing chamber by the vent systems discharge path by gas handling system;
Figure 13 is the partial cross section schematic representation of internal-combustion engine of the present invention, has shown the state of the lubricant oil in crankcase and machine oil storeroom when the internal-combustion engine reversed position;
Figure 14 is the cross sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, has shown the actuator assembly at the rear portion that is connected to quartastroke engine;
Figure 15-the 18th, the schematic representation of internal-combustion engine housing, it can use a mould and pouring machine to be produced;
Figure 19 is the schematic representation of power trimmer, has wherein adopted quartastroke engine of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the outer cover around the part internal-combustion engine, so that strengthen the assembly operation of whole internal-combustion engine;
Figure 21 is the part perspective view of decomposition of the quartastroke engine of Figure 19;
Figure 22 is the part perspective view of another decomposition of the quartastroke engine of Figure 19;
Figure 23 is the perspective view that has the internal-combustion engine housing of silencing apparatus;
Figure 24 is the perspective exploded view of Figure 23;
Figure 25 is the perspective view of flywheel end of the internal-combustion engine housing of Figure 23;
Figure 26 is the partial cross section view along the amplification of the 26-26 line intercepting of Figure 23;
Figure 27 is a connection that can substitute between the silencing apparatus of internal-combustion engine housing and Figure 23;
Figure 28 is the perspective view of internal-combustion engine housing of not being with Figure 23 of silencing apparatus;
Figure 29 is the front elevation of Figure 22 and air inlet isolator shown in Figure 20;
Figure 30 is the cross sectional view of air inlet isolator shown in Figure 29;
Figure 31 is the partial cross section side view of internal-combustion engine of the assembling of Figure 21 and 22;
Figure 32 is the part zoomed-in view at the internal-combustion engine shown in Figure 31, has shown the piston on the bottom dead center position of bottom;
Figure 33 is at the schematic representation that actuator assembly is fixedly installed to the relation aspect the outer cover between outer cover and actuator assembly;
Figure 34-38 has described the different views at starter belt pulley shown in Figure 33;
Figure 39-40 is schematic representation of two internal-combustion engine housings, and these two internal-combustion engine housings enough moulds of energy and pouring machine are produced.
Explaining between the embodiments of the invention in detail, be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the modular construction of the proposition in accompanying drawing and specification subsequently.The present invention can also realize with other embodiment or different modes.In addition, being appreciated that for illustrative purposes, is not to think a kind of restriction at this employed language or term.
Detailed description of preferred embodiment
Shown in Figure 1A, be one according to quartastroke engine 20 of the present invention.Internal-combustion engine 20 drives the traditional axle in central siphon 22 usually, drives an instrument then again successively, and according to the type (as referring to Figure 19) of employed different power tool, this instrument has a swivel head, cut-off blade, rotary blade etc.In the layout of the axle shown in Figure 1A (and Figure 19), the power trimmer that is generally used for handing just for illustrative purposes, is appreciated that quartastroke engine of the present invention also can be used for the power tool of foregoing other type.In other words, common internal-combustion engine of the present invention be preferred for a kind of have be basically parallel to crankshaft center line the axle instrument in.Internal-combustion engine of the present invention also can be the internal-combustion engine with level or vertical crankshaft.Internal-combustion engine of the present invention is particularly suitable for these application area, promptly requires high rotating speed, for example 3000 rev/mins to 7000-8000 rev/min or higher and require output power from less than 1 horsepower to scope greater than 6 horsepowers.Importantly, the no matter power tool of the sort of type and the quartastroke engine of the present invention use that combines, internal-combustion engine is to work, and is to work provisionally at least, in any basically operating range of power tool.
As shown in Figure 1, be perspective exploded view according to quartastroke engine 20 of the present invention, shown the different parts of internal-combustion engine.Shown in Figure 1 is an internal-combustion engine with side air valve or " L " shape firing chamber cylinder cap, has wherein used different feature of the present invention.Because suction valve and outlet valve are with respect to the position relation of firing chamber, side air valve internal-combustion engine also is meant the internal-combustion engine of " L " shape firing chamber cylinder cap usually.As described belowly can find out obviously that " " shape is meant that air/fuel mixture is by the path shape that pipeline and air valve flow through separately in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe to L.In addition, importantly, in the internal-combustion engine of " L " shape firing chamber cylinder cap, intake valve port and exhaust valve port are positioned on the body of internal-combustion engine, rather than are positioned on the cylinder head, as the internal-combustion engine of overhead camshaft.
Before describing different characteristic of the present invention in detail, describe for clear, be identified at the parts shown in Fig. 1 earlier.Spark coil bolt 24 is used for the spark coil (not shown) is connected to internal-combustion engine 20; Cover cap bolt 27 is connected to cover cap 26 on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28; Bonnet bolt 30 is connected on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 machine oil case lid 32 and sump Cover Gasket circle 34 so that an end of sealing internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28; Cylinder head bolt 36 is connected to cylinder head 38 and cylinder head gasket 40 on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28, thereby limits firing chamber 39 (Fig. 2) at least in part; Carburetor 42 and silencing apparatus 44 are properly connected on the internal-combustion engine 20; Carburetor 42 matches with suction port 41 and air-strainer 43 (Fig. 2); Silencing apparatus 44 matches with relief opening 45; The flywheel 46 that comprises a whole fan (not shown) between cover cap 26 and internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28, thereby under the help of flywheel key (not shown) the internal-combustion engine in the cooling work 20; Piston 48 is contained in the bucket cylinder 50 in the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28; The position of suction valve 52 and outlet valve 54 is near the bucket cylinder 50 in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe; Inlet valve seat 56 and delivery valve seat 58 are arranged in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe so that cooperate with the head of separately air valve 52 and 54; Spring for valve 60 is placed in the spring for valve chamber and by spring for valve locking plate 62 and remains in this spring for valve chamber; The spring for valve chamber is by air valve cap 64 and 66 sealings of air valve cap packing ring; Crankshaft bearing 68, crankshaft bearing 70, screw rod or helical tooth 74, balancer weight 76, crank pin 78 and bent axle 80 are parts of crankshaft group 82; Balancer weight 76 comprises a hole 77; Connecting rod 84 comprises connecting rod bearing 86 and 88; One end of connecting rod 84 is installed on the crank pin 78 and a wrist pin 90 is installed on the piston 48 by the other end of the slip in the hole 92 of piston 48 with connecting rod 84; When being connected to connecting rod 84 on the piston 48, wrist pin 90 reaches hole 93 with connecing on internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 and matches; Camshaft bearing sleeve 94, camshaft bearing sleeve 96, camshaft 98, cam lobe 100 and 102 (Fig. 2) and screw rod or helical tooth 104 are parts of cam assembly; Cam cover 108 and cam cover packing ring 110 are connected on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 so that sealed cam shaft assembly 106 by cam cover bolt 111; Tappet 112 correctly is arranged in internal-combustion engine 20 so that match with air valve 52 and 54; Spark plug 114 is located in the spark-plug hole of cylinder head 38; Distributor with groove 118,120 and 122 is set in the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 and limits a crank box 124 and a sump 126 to small part; Comprise an extension 128 that extends partially into crank box 124 at least with bucket cylinder 50.
Various details is in other parts and feature shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 1 has shown the Carburetor 42 and the vent silencer 44 of the opposite side that is installed in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 20.Carburetor 42 can be the Carburetor of any kind, it can be throttle type (tappable), the variable Venturi tube Membranvergaser of the standard of for example in miniature gasoline engine, using, but be particularly suitable for according to internal-combustion engine of the present invention from the rotary valve Carburetor that obtains such as walbro.The inlet of the gas-entered passageway of Carburetor 42 or near the position air-strainer (as shown in FIG. 2) is installed.A fuel tank (not shown in Fig. 1) is installed on the lower surface of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 and Carburetor 42 matches, thereby air and fuel oil can be fed to the suction port (Fig. 2) in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe.
Internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 is made by lightweight aluminium alloy castings usually, has cylinder or bucket cylinder 50 therein.It is noted that bucket cylinder 50 extends partially in the crank pin 124 in internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.Volume that zone between the bucket cylinder 50 of distributor 116 and extension or space 136 (Figure 13) accept lubricant oil or machine oil at work and storage are to prevent that too much lubricant oil and machine oil from entering bucket cylinder 50 or valve cage 156 (Fig. 2).Piston 48 preferably covers one deck iron or is coated with one deck evanohm, need be such as the sleeve of iron sleeve in bucket cylinder 50 thereby eliminate.In addition, bucket cylinder 50 can also comprise the cylinder sleeve of iron.
Distributor preferably includes the kerve 118 that is located immediately at below the bucket cylinder 50.The optional side channel 120 of distributor and 122 is substantially each other directly across crossing at the intended distance in the bottom of bucket cylinder 50.Groove 118,120 and 122 can be substituted by one or more holes or other opening.It should be noted that the present invention of course not is confined to the internal-combustion engine of this size, also can use other any internal-combustion engine.To show significantly below and determine groove or the size in hole and the design concept of position.By considering different characteristic of the present invention, can be to above-mentioned hole of the internal combustion (IC) Engine Design of different size or groove.
Fig. 8 A or 8 has shown another aspect of distributor 116.As shown in the figure, at work, balancer weight 76 is rotated along a direction, normally clockwise direction.Kerve 118 comprises relative side 130 and 132.Second side 132 has a scraping blade 134 near it with respect to the moving direction of balancer weight 76.Preferably, when the most close scraping blade 134 of balancer weight 76, scraping blade 134 is positioned within 0.020 to 0.060 inch of balancer weight 76.Scraping blade 134 limits or has measured lubricant oil or the direct amount that contacts with balancer weight 76 of machine oil (shown in dotted line).Scraping blade 134 helps to have limited the lubricant oil that is suspended on during operation on the bucket cylinder 50 or the amount of machine oil, and has reduced because the caused rotational resistance of excessive lubricant oil on balancer weight 76.Should be noted that scraping blade 134 also can be designed as other form.For example, the kerve 118 in distributor 116 can be the diagonal angle skewed slot, so second side of diagonal angle skewed slot can be used as scraping blade 134, but this scraping blade is not the scraping blade of the projection shown in Fig. 8 and 8A.In addition, the kerve in distributor 116 also can be a straight-line groove of not being with scraping blade.
It should be noted that Fig. 1 has shown the sump 126 that is limited by distributor 116 and internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 that is arranged in the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.Sump 126 is communicated with crank box 124 mutual fluids.As shown in the figure, sump 126 and distributor 116 are crooked or take the shape of the letter U.What distributor 116 was preferably crooked tilts or can directly guide lubricant oil to flow out from bucket cylinder 50 when putting upside down with convenient internal-combustion engine.In two casings 124 and 126, be communicated with can make crank box 124 in use by correct lubricated and in use lubricant oil can in two casings, flow back and forth and when storing, flow of lubricant be got back in the sump 126 so that excessive lubricant oil can flow in the bucket cylinder 50 sharply.
With reference to figure 1 and 3, bent axle 80 is installed in the crank box 124.Bent axle screw rod or spiral gear 74 driving cam shaft assemblies 106.Screw rod or spiral gear are to adopt the product of prior art to obtain.Bent axle 80 and gear 74 can manufacture any existing type., according to principle of the present invention, will work finely round the metalwork injection-molded gear of a finishing representing bent axle.
The molding and forming material can be thermoplastic material or known nylon material.Other scheme provides a technology bent axle that has the round metal column piece of increasing, and screw rod or spiral gear will be positioned at the position of this round metal column piece.Bent axle gear hobbing process step then is to process gear on bent axle.
Still with reference to figure 1 and 3, bearing 68 and 70 be positioned at bent axle around so that bent axle 80 cantilever ground are supported during at crank box 124 in crankshaft installed.Bearing 68 and 70 is positioned at the opposite side of screw rod or spiral gear and is positioned at the same side of bucket cylinder 50.The diameter of inner bearing 68 is less than the diameter of outer bearing 70. Bearing 68 and 70 size are definite like this, and promptly the bearing support in crank box 124 can be only with a side processed moulding of a cutter from internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.As in the prior art as can be known, and compare from different direction machining bearing seats, can reduce equipment, time and expense from a direction machining bearing seat.
As shown in Figure 1, balancer weight 76 is installed in an end of bent axle 80.Fig. 7,7A and 7B have shown the shape of balancer weight 76 in detail.Such as understanding, the power that is produced by piston 48, connecting rod 84 and associated components is balanced heavy 76 balances.According to the size of internal-combustion engine, can need a plurality of balancer weights.Balancer weight 76 comprises apex of the wing shape aerodynamic force sidepiece 138 and 140.Each apex of the wing shape sidepiece comprises a rear portion 142 and the front portion 144 relative with the rear portion near main bearing 70.Apex of the wing shape sidepiece 138 and 140 has the contour surface that extends to front portion 144 from the rear portion 140 of balancer weight 76.Like this, to more significantly demonstrate below, the aerodynamic shape of balancer weight 76 helps to reduce the resistance of air on balancer weight 76, so that produce suitable eddy current and will guide lubricant oil at the internal cavities of internal-combustion engine 20 at the internal cavities lubricant oil of internal-combustion engine 20 and air.
The instrument of balancer weight (Fig. 7) enters hole 77 and is used for bent axle 80 is positioned at crank box 124.Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 have shown that schematically being used in crank box 124 locate the instrument 146 of outer bearing 70, balancer weight 76 and bent axle 80.Bearing 68 is pressed in the crank box 124 and is suitable for accepting an end of bent axle 80.In case bent axle 80 machines, bearing 70 is pressed into and is installed on the bent axle 80.Then balancer weight 76 is installed on the bent axle 80.Fig. 7 A has shown a step 141, wherein has about 0.050 inch gap between balancer weight 76 and bearing 70.As shown in Figure 7, after balancer weight 76 is installed on the bent axle 80, have only the part 69 of the outboard race of main bearing 70 to be exposed.When the bent axle 80 of crankshaft group 82 and associated components are installed in the crank box 124, enter hole 77 permission instruments 146 (Fig. 9) and contact three positions with the outboard race of main bearing 70.To guarantee like this will correctly take a seat when main bearing 70 can not be damaged with bent axle 80 in installation process in entering crank box 124.
Fig. 6 has shown schematically connecting rod is how to be connected on bent axle 80 and the piston 48.Can utilize traditional shoulder bolt (not shown) that connecting rod 84 is fixed on the crank pin 78.Whole crankshaft group 82 (Fig. 1) is installed to (Fig. 3) in the crank box 124.Piston 48 slips among the bucket cylinder 50 from the top of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.Hole 92 in piston 48 and connecing on internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 reach hole 93 and are straight line and align.By means of crank pin 78 with in the notch portion 148 of piston 48, connecting rod 84 is connected on the crankshaft group 82.Wrist pin 90 passes bearing 86 that connecing of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 reach hole 93 and connecting rod 84 and is inserted into connecing of piston and reaches in the hole 92.Because the piston drilling is not passed in the hole 92 of piston 48 always, an end of wrist pin 90 can abut against the inside 150 of piston 48.Can be maintained in the piston by star washer 151 (referring to a Fig. 5) wrist pin 90 that is inserted into the opening end in hole 92.Preferably, wrist pin 90 and crank pin 78 are hollow, so that reduce the weight of reciprocating member, thereby can need less balancer weight to come the power that weight produced of balance by reciprocating member.The overall weight that has reduced reciprocating member can improve vibration performance and make internal-combustion engine light so that operation.
In Fig. 2 with camshaft 98, eccentric cam lobe 100 and 102 and cam wheel 104 show as separate part.Should be noted that these parts can as monomer spare by round a finishing metal spare molding and forming to form last assembly, the same with the mode that forms bent axle 80 and screw rod or spiral gear 74.
Fig. 2 has shown the camshaft 98 that includes passage 152.Fig. 2,3 and 4 have shown the part of the cam assembly 106 (Fig. 1) of close screw rod or spiral gear 104, comprise the radial hole 154 of at least one communication passage 152 and crank box 124.Passage 152 and hole 154 can form in the suitable part boring of cam assembly 106 or die casting therein forms.Basically, passage 152 and hole 154 and cam assembly 106 cooperatively interact with the ventilating structure that provides to be used for internal-combustion engine, will describe below comprehensively.In addition, radial hole 154 can be positioned near gear 104 and be connected on the radial transmission line (not shown) of cam assembly 106, so as with mention 152 and crank box 124 be connected.
As shown in the figure, camshaft 98 is arranged vertically mutually with bent axle 80.The those of ordinary skill in the technology of the present invention field can know that generally on compact internal combustion engine, camshaft and bent axle are the relations that is parallel to each other, and can not resemble the present invention mutual vertical.Being arranged in parallel causes the width of internal-combustion engine bigger, and the length that the causes internal-combustion engine axis long and bent axle that is arranged vertically of the present invention is arranged essentially parallel to the vertical of instrument.Long device is particularly suitable for those hand-held application tools, for example requires preferably balance so that the power trimmer of operation.The internal-combustion engine of broad rotates device in use easily in operator's hand.
Fig. 2 has shown the camshaft 98 that is installed in lining 94 and 96, and lining 94 and 96 is located in the seat separately in the crank box 124 in the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.The preferred design like this of screw rod or spiral gear 74 and 104 (Fig. 2 and 3), promptly when camshaft 98 was positioned at the perpendicular position of bent axle 80, gear 74 and 104 was meshing with each other so that guarantee that the rotation speed relation between bent axle 80 and the camshaft 98 is 2 to 1.
Tappet 112 and suction valve 52 and outlet valve 54 and camshaft 98 cooperatively interact (Fig. 2).Suction valve 52 and outlet valve 54 are positioned among the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 near piston 48 and bucket cylinder 50.Air valve 52 and 54 position are designs like this, promptly compare the air valve head with the air valve bottom near the center line (Fig. 3) of cylinder 50.Preferably, air valve 52 and 54 is set at one and the straight line that is parallel to the center line of cylinder and has greatly on the angle between zero to 8 degree.Inlet valve seat 56 and delivery valve seat 58 are positioned among the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 and with each air valve 52 and 54 and cooperatively interact alternately to produce a sealing or an opening that enters firing chamber 39 with respect to mouth 41 and 45.Spring for valve locking plate 62 and air valve pressure spring 60 are positioned at (Fig. 2) within the valve cage 156.Each tappet 112 comprise one with separately cam lobe 100 and 102 contacted heads separately 158.When camshaft 98 rotated by means of actuation gear 74, cam lobe 100 and 102 correctly engaged with tappet 112, thereby air valve 52 and 54 moves up and down, as is known in the art.
With reference to figure 2,3 and 4, crank box 124 is connected with valve cage 156 by passage or hole 160.In addition, valve cage 156 is connected with bucket cylinder 50 by passage or hole 162. Passage 160 and 162 makes valve cage 156 and assembly wherein can accept lubricant oil in any position during internal combustion engine.In addition, between the storage life, under the help of distributor 116, the bucket cylinder 50 that extends and groove 118,120 and 122, a large amount of lubricant oil can not keep or flow in the valve cage 156.
With reference to figure 1,2 and 3, cylinder head gasket 40 between cylinder head 38 and internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28 so that reliable sealing to be provided between the two.Spark plug 114 extend in the firing chamber 39 of sealing.During internal combustion engine, by matching with spark coil and magnetogenerator (not shown), plug ignition is lighted air/fuel mixture in firing chamber 39 so that essential electrion to be provided.
Figure 10 and 11 illustrates to demonstrate the firing chamber 39 with respect to suction valve 52, outlet valve 54 and bucket cylinder 50 at least in part.As shown in the figure, covering bucket cylinder 50 is just partly extended in firing chamber 39.The position of firing chamber 39 and shape have strengthened in the firing chamber 39 eddy current so that air/fuel mixture is provided preferably and strengthens lighting of mixture.In addition, spark plug 114 is nearer than the distance of distance suction valve 52 apart from the distance of outlet valve 54.The correct location of electrode 164 provides the spark of an igniting.Place spark plug 114 near outlet valve 54, hot air/fuel mixture is lighted faster by the spark ignition flame front.This will reduce in the firing chamber the trend of the spontaneous combustion of the air/fuel mixture of heat of 39 exhaust side.If spark plug 114 is close to suction valve 52, will have the danger of two places burning, cause power loss.
As shown in Figure 2, suction port 41 and relief opening 45 are each other at a distance of 180 positions of spending.Air valve 52 is owing to camshaft 98 causes with the vertical substantially relation of bent axle 80 with 54 position, and makes mouthfuls 41 and 45 opposite flanks that are positioned at internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28.The additional feature that makes operator's safety is provided like this.For example, when using a power trimmer, relief opening 45 and silencing apparatus 44 (Fig. 1) and operator's distance is (Fig. 1) far away.Another another advantage of separating that mouth 41 and 45 is far away as far as possible is to have reduced heat from the transmission of relief opening 45 to suction port 41, otherwise will produce heat the thermal resistance problem that restarts, or obtain desirable air/fuel than aspect difficulty.
Figure 12 with reference to figure 2 and 10, has shown that air/fuel mixture and exhaust pass the schematic representation in the path of internal-combustion engine as needs.Air/fuel mixture enters suction port 41, through suction valve 52, enters into firing chamber 39.The combustion in IC engine air/fuel mixture is so that produce power, and waste gas after burning flows out relief opening 45 through outlet valve 54.It is the relevant general arrangement in path that how to help to pass the air/fuel and the waste gas of internal-combustion engine 20 that the layout of camshaft 98 and bent axle 80 also demonstrates this layout.
Key character of the present invention is that quartastroke engine of the present invention can use on any position basically.A problem of existing quartastroke engine is, if internal-combustion engine by basic inclination, lubricant oil will flow on undesirable position, Carburetor for example is so break down internal-combustion engine and quit work.The internal-combustion engine of design has solved this problem other problem relevant with existing quartastroke engine with other according to the present invention.
Sump 126, crank box 124, bucket cylinder 50 and valve cage 156 are included in groove, passage or the hole that is provided with on the key position so that the different operating parts are lubricated in the institute of work is free basically in internal-combustion engine.In addition, by matching with distributor 116, the design of balancer weight 76 makes the amount of having only suitable lubricant oil contact with balancer weight 76.The design of balancer weight 76 also makes balancer weight be metered into the amount of the lubricant oil in the main bearing 70 so that can not overflow that part of of encapsulation gear 74 and 104 crank box.This will prevent that too much lubricant oil from entering into valve cage 156 by passage 160 and 162.In addition, the design of bucket cylinder 50 and distributor 1 16 guarantees no matter internal-combustion engine is that lubricant oil is in certain position when working or being stored, thereby can not pollute the inner member of internal-combustion engine.
Bucket cylinder 50, connecting rod 84, crankshaft group 82, cam assembly 106 and valve cage 156 and parts wherein all need certain lubricating.A feature of the present invention is to remove lubricated internal-combustion engine with minimum lubricant oil.This can realize by a plurality of approach.At first, consider the state when internal-combustion engine upright (spark plug is vertical), needing the highest lubricated parts is valve cages 156.The second, be used for comparing with solid shaft with aluminium insert, the roller bearing 86 of connecting rod 84 and 88 needs less lubricating.The 3rd, because lubricant oil will flow through the path with minimum resistance, distributor 116, balancer weight 76 and aforesaid different groove, hole and passages help according to the different spatial attitude of internal-combustion engine lubricant oil to be directed to the location of internal-combustion engine.
On the position of vertically work, lubricant oil is stored in the sump 126.Under this position and state, the height level of lubricant oil preferably is lower than the kerve 118 in distributor 116.During operation, the to-and-fro motion of piston produces pressure pulse in the internal chamber of internal-combustion engine.The motion response of lubricant oil is in the motion of piston 48.Balancer weight 76 is stirred the lubricant oil in the internal combustion engines chamber and the fuel of blowby.When piston 48 during air inlet and power stroke move downward because the pressure in the internal-combustion engine chamber increases, lubricant oil is forced through main bearing 70 with lubricating bearings 70 and 68, screw rod or spiral gear 74 and 104, bent axle 80, camshaft 98 and lining 94 and 96.The action of cam wheel 104 will make some lubricant oil enter into hole 160 and arrive valve cage 156.In addition, any lubricant oil in bucket cylinder 50 all will be extruded hand-hole 162 and also valve cage 156 will be lubricated.At up stroke, promptly in compression and the exhaust stroke, because the vacuum in the internal-combustion engine chamber, lubricant oil will be withdrawn into above-mentioned zone and carry out the lubricated of parts.The to-and-fro motion of piston 48 moves forward and backward lubricant oil in the chamber of internal-combustion engine 20.The present invention does not need to control the control valve of lubricant movement.
When internal-combustion engine 20 lubricated is discussed, need to consider at least two aspects.At first, when stirring the fuel of lubricant oil or blowby, balancer weight 76 can meet obstructions or the produce power loss.The second, supplying too much lubricant oil is unsuitable in bucket cylinder 50 and valve cage 156, can cause the damage of internal-combustion engine 20.
Be noted that because static machine oil height level preferably is lower than kerve 118 under a vertical state, balancer weight 76 preferably directly is not immersed in the lubricant oil, be immersed in the lubricant oil although also can adopt directly.More directly contact with lubricant oil, the energy that internal-combustion engine 20 will be lost is also many more.The resistance of minimum lubricant oil is that the present invention is desirable.As mentioned above, the design of balancer weight 76 makes lubricant oil leave main bearing 70 and arrives on the machine oil case lid 32.The design of balancer weight 76 has also limited the amount that lubricant oil enters into bucket cylinder 50.Have only limited amount lubricant oil can enter valve cage 156 like this.The design of balancer weight 76 also reduced balancer weight 76 by when stirring lubricant oil to the size of the power that involves of balancer weight.In addition, the design of balancer weight 76 has reduced windage, has improved the efficient of internal-combustion engine.Can be used as the lubricant oil of a stirring in the internal combustion engines chamber and the agitating device of blowby fuel although it should be noted that balancer weight 76 shown and that describe, also can provide an independent agitator to finish identical functions.Such agitator can be one and be connected to and spill device or mixer on bent axle or the connecting rod, or rotate in other any mode.
At all upside down positions (spark plug down) as shown in figure 13, the bucket cylinder 50 that extends, distributor 116, groove 118,120 and 112 and passage 160 and 162 (Fig. 2 and 3) will guarantee that internal-combustion engine is with continuous proper functioning, or proper functioning in the time of a qualification at least, or can be stored in this position and can not pollute the parts of internal-combustion engine.During operation, the fuel of the pressure pulse of variation, blowby and agitator 76 will make lubricant oil mixed and mobile in the chamber of internal-combustion engine 20.Although have some machine oil will enter among the bucket cylinder 50, can not arrive tangible amount.In addition, it should be noted that connect the Position Design that reaches passage 162 make when piston 48 in bucket cylinder 50 during to-and-fro motion (Fig. 5), the oil ring 166 on piston 48 can not pass through passage 162.Otherwise lubricant oil can enter into valve cage 156 to enter into firing chamber 39, so the burning of lubricant oil can cause the discharging that exceeds standard.
Crank box 124 comprises in bucket cylinder 50 and the zone between the distributor 116 or the space 136 of extending, so that when internal-combustion engine 20 is in as shown in figure 13 inclination or reversed position, be used to hold lubricant oil or machine oil.Between the storage life, groove 118,120 and 122 will make a large amount of machine oil be kept in the sump 126, zone between bucket cylinder 50 and distributor 116 or space 136 will keep most of remaining machine oil, in use any machine oil that leaves spring for valve chamber 156 is negligible, can not cause tangible influence to the work of internal-combustion engine.Importantly, because the position of groove 120 and 122 is being on the machine oil of reversed position, valve cage 156 will can not accepted a large amount of machine oil.
In order to explain that further feature of the present invention, sump 126 should be connected with crank box 124 so that make internal-combustion engine all obtain suitable lubricating in any working position.At least two effects will be played in above-mentioned various groove, passage and hole.At first, if internal-combustion engine 20 is worked in position crosswise, groove 120 and 122 in dispenser 116 is down towards ground, so machine oil will enter into crank box 124 under the effect of pulsating pressure, enters in the crank box 124 similar to internal-combustion engine lubricant oil when the vertical position by kerve 118.Second, if owing to any reason in crank box 124, have a large amount of lubricant oil during the internal combustion engine and internal-combustion engine is reversed, vertically or crosswise when storing, side channel 120 and 122 makes machine oil enter into sump 126 from crank box 124, accepts a large amount of lubricant oil so that prevent bucket cylinder 50 and valve cage 126.
Another important feature of the present invention is by separate blowby fuel from lubricant oil/blowby fuel mixture, blowby fuel can be discharged crank box 124.As mentioned above, camshaft 98 has the passage 152 of hollow and the radial passage 154 of correct location.With reference to figure 2, an end of camshaft cover 108 comprises the joint 168 that is connected to flexible pipe 170 (schematically illustrating).Although do not demonstrate, can between camshaft cover 108 and internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 28, place an oil seal.Pass through main bearing 70 when pressure pulse forces lubricant oil/blowby fuel mixture, because the action of centrifugal force of camshaft 98, blowby fuel is driven in radial hole 154 and the passage 152, and machine oil is prevented from by hole 154.Blowby fuel is by camshaft cover 108 and be installed in joint 168 on the camshaft cover 108, arrives flexible pipe 170 and turns back to the inlet of Carburetor 42.Safety check can be arranged between the end of camshaft 98 and the gas handling system to remain on the negative pressure that internal combustion engines produces.
Figure 14 has shown the cross sectional view that a Starter mechanism 172 is connected to the quartastroke engine on the sump cover plate 32 with bolt 30 of the present invention.Crankshaft crank 174 is connected on the crank pin 78.Engaging-and-disengaging bearing 176 press fit over crankshaft crank 174 around.Start arbor 178 and be set at being connected on the Starter 180 of Engaging-and-disengaging bearing 176 on every side and by pin key or molding.Oil seal or O shape circle be set at Starter bearing 178 around and a sealing is provided between Starter mechanism 172 and machine oil case lid 32.A thrust bearing 182 is arranged on a side of Starter 180.Starter 180 preferably has the recoil formula Starter of stay cord 184.The rear portion that Starter mechanism 172 or machine oil case lid 32 are arranged on internal-combustion engine 20 can make and touch stay cord easy to operately.In addition, by integrally Starter being connected on crank pin 78 and bent axle 80 and connecting rod 84 and the piston 48, can reduce the pulling force of the required rope of starting apparatus combustion engine 20.In addition, also can adopt the start assembly of other type.
Figure 15-18 has shown the mould structure that is used to make internal combustion (IC) engine airframe of the present invention.The design of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe makes two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe can use a mould and a die casting machine to produce.The design of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe comprises and is used to form the wall of each internal combustion (IC) engine airframe in mould being given the required drafting angle of orientation.Drafting angle can make internal combustion (IC) engine airframe separate easily with mould.The design of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe makes when two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe are constituted by an instrument and allows Slide tool to enter (for example piston and camshaft cylinder sleeve).In Figure 15-18, mould 188 and 190 is formed, so that the center line of cylinder of internal combustion engine (being parallel to direction C) is parallel to each other.Square frame 194 and 196 has been represented the edge of mould.By jig by this way, the inserting member that is about to be used to form mould just inserts along certain direction, for example direction A, B and C.This mold structure has reduced makes the required overall space of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, and two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe were produced in the identical time.Along defiber 192 two half modules 188 are separated with 190.The rear wall that it should be noted that internal combustion (IC) engine airframe is not shown and coverlet alone becomes type, is fixed on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe with bolt or other fastening piece then., the rear wall of internal-combustion engine also can be integrally formed with internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, as mentioned above.It should be noted that defiber 192 can be moved to other position.The drafting angle of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe outer wall can change according to the reposition of defiber.
Figure 39 and 40 has shown another embodiment of the structure of the mould 529 that is used to make internal combustion (IC) engine airframe of the present invention.In this embodiment, still can make two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe can use a mould and a die casting machine to produce.But it is parallel to each other along opposite direction that the mode of structure of mould 529 is center lines of bucket cylinder.In addition, determine that the orientation of two cavitys is so that the fixed body of material constitutes the internal feature of sump, next door and inner crank box.The design of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe comprises and is used to form the wall that each defiber tomography and slide block is closed at the required drafting angle in orientation given in the mould.By jig by this way, the inserting member that is about to be used to form mould just inserts along certain direction, for example direction D, E, F and G.This mold structure has reduced makes the required overall space of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, and still can make two internal combustion (IC) engine airframe with a single mould production.
By this mould structure,, can produce the datum target or the fixed reference feature that are used for two cavitys by identical fid materials and parts.By on identical fid materials and parts, having these features, between the machining finished product of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe and casting blank, has less machining allowance.In addition, although cast, in accurately machined internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, also has less variation surplus from two independent cavitys introducings.
As implied above, this embodiment also integrally is created in plate behind the flywheel in the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe foundry goods.Further it is desirable for runner 531 foundry goods in the seat of cylinder and runner is parallel to direction F and G enters into cavity.
According to various aspects of the invention, internal-combustion engine shown in Figure 1 is described., above-mentioned feature of the present invention can be incorporated in other the quartastroke engine structure.In addition, according to different internal-combustion engines, above-mentioned feature can be carried out slight modification.For example, Figure 19-40 has shown another quartastroke engine that adopts above-mentioned feature and the other further feature of not describing.Should be noted that the correlated characteristic of describing also can be incorporated in the internal-combustion engine shown in Fig. 1-18 in Figure 19-40, or in other internal-combustion engine.
Figure 19 has described according to quartastroke engine 300 of the present invention.Shown internal-combustion engine 300 is used on the power trimmer, but also can be used for the application at internal-combustion engine shown in Figure 1.
Before describing different characteristic of the present invention in detail, describe for clear, be identified at the parts shown in Figure 21 and 22 earlier.Those skilled in the art as can be known, a lot of assemblies can use with the same or similar mode of describing in Fig. 1 and assemble.Therefore, in this mode that can not describe assembling in detail, only relate to the assembling mode of specific feature of the present invention.When needs, also can describe the feature that shows in the accompanying drawings in detail.In Figure 21, shown spark plug 302, cylinder head bolt 304, cylinder 306, cylinder head gasket 308, be arranged in the compression ring 310 and 312 and oil ring 313 of piston 314 annular grooves, connecting rod 316 and connecting rod bearing 318 and 320, needle bearing preferably, outlet valve 322, suction valve 324, spring for valve 325 and spring for valve locking plate 328, internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330, air valve cap 332 and appended bolt 334, flywheel 336, crankshaft crank 338, spark coil 340, circuit pack 342 and 346, with bolt 344, they all are the parts of Starter assembly, silencing apparatus construction bolt 350, silencing apparatus 352, blower casing 348 with the part of integral cover.
Shown in Figure 22 be, sealing O shape circle 366 and dipstick 367, air inlet liner 368, air inlet isolator 369 and bolt 370, Carburetor liner 372, Carburetor 374 and O shape circle 376, air cleaner assembly 378, bolt 380 and air filter cover 382, wrist pin 384 and star washer wrist pin holder 386, machine oil seal ring 388, roller bearing 390, bent axle 392 and balancer weight 393, machine oil case lid 394 and bolt 396, suppressor case 398 and construction bolt 400 as the part of overall cover cap, tappet 402, camshaft 404, camshaft cover 406, bolt 408 and breathing pipe 410, safety check 411, has fuel pipe 414, fuel tank 412 with relative shoulder 416, with the filtering material of placing around shoulder 416 418.
To be described in the unclear feature that shows and other parts in Figure 21 and 22 below.In addition, below in conjunction with principles illustrated of the present invention in the meaning of the parts shown in Figure 21 and 22 or their interaction.
Figure 23 has clearly illustrated by construction bolt 350 silencing apparatus 352 has been installed to internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 350 on it.Internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 350 comprises a crank casing 420 and cylinder 422.The cylinder head 306 (Figure 21) that defines a firing chamber at least in part is provided with near cylinder 422.Crank box 426 is arranged among the crank casing 420.A sump 428 also is arranged among the crank casing 420 and with crank box 426 mutual fluids and is communicated with, and preferably is arranged on the distributor 433 by groove 430 and perforate 432 (only having shown).Distributor 433 is positioned among the crank casing 420 and at least in part crank box 426 and sump 428 is separated.A plurality of holes 434 are set on internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330, thereby machine oil case lid 394 and sump liner are connected on the body 330.Internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 also comprises the biston boss 436 of oversize.Biston boss 436 can be integrally formed together with distributor 433.The effect of biston boss 436 will be further described below.Internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 comprises also and has at least one fitting seat 440 that its effect will be described below.
Figure 24 is the perspective exploded view of Figure 23, has shown silencing apparatus 352 is how to be connected on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330.Cylinder 422 comprises a relief opening 442 and suction port 444 (Figure 25).Preferably, relief opening 442 and suction port 444 have oval shape, so reduced the overall height of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330.So naturally also reduced the weight of internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, this is the factor of a particular importance to hand-held power tool.The wall of mouth 442 and 444 has enough materials, so that can support disposed thereon the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 and the weight of cylinder head 306.
Silencing apparatus 352 comprises preferably oval-shaped boss 446.Boss 446 extends into relief opening 442.Construction bolt 350 extends through the hole 448 in silencing apparatus 352 and enters in the hole 450 that forms on cylinder 422.Preferably, 448 spaces, hole and the opposite side that is positioned at relief opening 442 are with respect to the maximum stability that obtains silencing apparatus 352 to the connection of cylinder 422.
Figure 26 and 27 amplifies cross sectional view along the part of the 26-26 line intercepting of Figure 23, has shown that another preferably installs connection between cylinder 422 and silencing apparatus.Figure 26 has shown on the relief opening 442 that is positioned at cylinder 422 to have sealing surfaces 452 angle, ladder.Can match with relief opening sealing surfaces 452 to prevent that basically waste gas from escaping in the atmosphere in the end 454 of boss 446.Preferably, can between the end 454 of boss 446 and sealing surfaces 452, a liner 456 be set to reach the effect that prevents that preferably waste gas from spilling.
Figure 27 has shown the outer liner of the boss 466 that is deflated the silencing apparatus 352 that mouthfuls 442 surface 458 surrounds, thereby limits a clearance space 460 therein.Have angled surface although shown surface 458 is one, also can adopt other structure as long as between silencing apparatus 352 and relief opening 442, have a clearance space.Packing ring 462 is arranged between silencing apparatus 352 and cylinder 442 or the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 442 with seal clearance space 460, thereby prevents that waste gas from escaping to atmosphere.Preferably, packing ring 462 is packing rings of an increasing, also can be used between internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 and silencing apparatus 352 heat insulation.
Silencing apparatus 352 (Figure 24) preferably includes a pair of shell 464 and 466, has the construction bolt hole 448 that is used for construction bolt 350 on shell 464 and 466 separately.An inner casing or baffle plate (not shown) preferably are set between shell 464 and 466.Inner casing also can make construction bolt 350 pass therethrough.The design of baffle plate is to be used to reduce noise.Shell 464 comprises a shoulder 470 that extends around the edge of a shell 464.Shell 466 comprises that comprises a flange (not shown) that extends around the edge of a shell 466.When assembling, thereby if shoulder 470 is accepted flange waste gas to be spilt from silencing apparatus 352, waste gas will spill from internal-combustion engine.Although do not show, flow guide device is placed on the direct impact that can not be subjected to waste gas on the exhaust port 372 of silencing apparatus 352 (Figure 23) with the protection operator.
According to the characteristic of quartastroke engine of the present invention, be desirable to provide an internal-combustion engine economy, that be convenient to assemble.A feature is the internal-combustion engine that identical internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 can be used to have different horsepower output levels, just changes the stroke of connecting rod 316 (Figure 21) and piston simply.In order to realize this feature, can use the biston boss 436 (Figure 23) of oversize.Biston boss 436 can be processed in its upper end 474 and be used for the first piston stroke to provide connecing in crank casing 420 to reach the hole (not shown), and biston boss 436 also can be processed in its lower end 476 and be used for second piston stroke to provide connecing in crank casing 420 to reach the hole (not shown)., wrist pin 384 (Figure 22) is passed the crank casing connect and reach the hole and be inserted in the piston 314 (Figure 21) by after the suitable processing at biston boss 436 to connect connecting rod 316 (Figure 21).Therefore, identical internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 can be used for the internal-combustion engine of different size.Figure 31 has shown the whole assembly of such internal-combustion engine.Figure 32 has shown that piston 314 is positioned at nethermost bottom dead center position, so wrist pin 384 can correctly be placed in the internal-combustion engine.
Figure 28 is a zoomed-in view of not being with the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe shown in Figure 24 330 of silencing apparatus 352.As shown in the figure, distributor 433 defines one basically round the path 478 that distributor 433 extends, and this path 478 is on biston boss 436.Path 478 allows the lubricant oil in sump 428 mobile round the substantial section of distributor 433, and then strengthens the feature of lubricating and storing according to of the present invention.When internal-combustion engine 300 was squeezed, path 478 made the mutual balance of lubricants capacity in distributor 433 both sides.Stoped a large amount of lubricant oil that flow to enter in the crank box 426 like this.
Another feature that reduces the component costs of internal-combustion engine and then reduce the overall expenses of internal-combustion engine relates to cover cap is assembled into mode on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe.As shown in figure 23, plate is provided with a fitting seat 440 at least behind the flywheel.Figure 25 is the perspective view of the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 of Figure 23 of seeing from different visual angles.As shown in the figure, the opposite side of plate 438 comprises at least one fitting seat 480 behind the flywheel.When assembling internal-combustion engine 300, an assembling fixed block (not shown) maintains internal-combustion engine 300.Each fitting seat 440 and 480 is accepted the pin (not shown) that separates of an assembling fixed block, internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 is fixed on the assembling fixed block.Cover cap 482 (Figure 20) is set up around internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 at least in part.Preferably, cover cap comprises a blower casing 348 (Figure 21) and suppressor case 398 (Figure 22).Cover cap 482 comprises at least one groove 484.When cover cap 482 during around internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330, design groove 484 is round a pin separately from fitting seat 440 and 480 extended assembling fixed blocks.Cover cap 482 can be connected on the body 330 by bolt 486 (Figure 20) being screwed in the hole separately such as hole 488.So when remaining connected to an independent assembling fixed block, entire internal combustion engine can assembledly substantially be finished.
Another feature of cover cap 482 is suppressor case 398 preferred a plurality of protruding parts 490 (Figure 31).So if desired, internal-combustion engine 300 can be placed on the ground by these protruding parts 490.The blower casing 492 ' that should be noted that Figure 31 is slightly different with the blower casing among Figure 20.Its objective is to be presented at not break away under protection scope of the present invention that cover cap 482 can have the different structures that is fit to.
As shown in figure 20, cover cap 482 has an opening 494 round suction port 444 (Figure 25).Air inlet isolator 369 is installed on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 so that air/fuel passage 496 is aimed at suction port 44.Air inlet isolator 469 can not flow away from the opening 494 of cover cap 482 with the cooling air of guaranteeing basically to flow through between internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 and the cover cap 482 among the opening 494 of cover cap 482.Preferably, air inlet isolator 369 comprises that an integrally formed rear wall 498 and a sidewall 500 (Figure 22) are to realize this feature.
In order further to reduce manufacturing expense, crank casing 420, cylinder 422 and back plate 438 are as a monomer spare casting.In a preferred embodiment, internal combustion (IC) engine airframe 330 also comprises at least one integrally formed fin 502 (Figure 28) thereon.Fin 502 is used to cool off and stable purpose from back plate extension with below crank casing 420.
Although cover cap 482 can principle according to the present invention have different designs, cover cap 482 is designed to keep fuel tank 412.As shown in figure 31, cover cap 482 has a pair of relative passage 504 (only demonstrating).Outward extending shoulder 416 (Figure 22) is received within separately the passage 504 so that fuel tank 412 can be maintained by cover cap 482.At each passage 504 be provided with packing material 418 (Figure 22) separately between the shoulder 416 being provided at the close installation between cover cap 482 and the fuel tank 412, this packing material foamed material preferably polyethylene, high density, sealing, high temperature resistant and gasoline.Fuel channel 414 (Figure 22) comprises the fuel filter 506 of the end that is connected to the fuel channel 414 that is arranged in the fuel tank 412.Should be noted that the other pipeline that shows is a cleanser conduit in Figure 22.Fuel filter 506 is used as a weight counterweight, so during internal combustion engine, if fuel channel 414 rotations that internal-combustion engine, has weight by heel are collected by fuel channel to guarantee fuel to the bottom of fuel tank 412.
Another aspect of the present invention relates at Starter assembly 507 shown in Figure 33.Blower casing 348 has propeller boss 508, and propeller boss 508 has an inside extension part 510.Propeller boss 508 be suitable for being connected to bent axle 392 (Figure 22) is gone up or bent axle joint 338 (Figure 21) on.The Starter assembly 507 that comprises pulley 516, rope 518 and spring 520 is set on the propeller boss 508.Star washer 514 is placed on extension part 510 top so that be inserted in the stretching material of propeller boss.Star washer 514 is fixing on the throne with respect to blower casing 348 with Starter assembly 507.This structure has been eliminated usually need be fixed on the Starter assembly locational fitting seat that separates and fastening piece.This fitting seat that separates and fastening piece can hinder fan and blow a cold wind over.
Figure 34-38 has shown the different views of pulley 516.Spring 520 (Figure 33) is positioned at a side 522 of pulley 516, and this pulley 516 has the ring-shaped depression 524 of a suitable shape.The opposite side 526 of pulley 516 comprises that a plurality of spokes 528 are used for engaging with flywheel at all flywheels 336 as shown in figure 21.The knot 530 that rope 518 is included in the one end, its be located at the following of chain wheel rope part 536 and the chamber 532 that in the propeller boss 534 of pulley 516, forms in.Rope 518 is passed in hole 534 extensions in the chain wheel rope part 536 and is wound on the pulley 516.The other end of rope 518 is connected to (Figure 20) on the Starter handle 540.
Aforementioned content of the present invention can't limit protection scope of the present invention just in order to describe purpose of the present invention.For the those of ordinary skill in the technology of the present invention field, under the situation that does not break away from protection scope of the present invention and spirit, can on the basis of the foregoing description, carry out changes and improvements.

Claims (13)

1. quartastroke engine comprises:
An internal combustion (IC) engine airframe comprises cylinder and crank casing, and described cylinder is included in oval-shaped air inlet and the relief opening on the opposite flank of internal combustion body;
Intake ﹠ exhaust valves that are connected with above-mentioned air inlet and relief opening respectively;
A crank box that is arranged in the above-mentioned crank casing;
A bent axle that is positioned at the supported rotation of above-mentioned crank box;
With above-mentioned bent axle can move the interconnective piston in ground, above-mentioned piston within said cylinder corresponding to the rotation to-and-fro motion of bent axle.
2. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
A sump that is arranged in the above-mentioned crank casing, the said engine oil case is communicated with the mutual fluid of above-mentioned crank box;
Be arranged on the distributor in the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, above-mentioned distributor is separated above-mentioned crank box and said engine oil case at least in part; And
Extend into the cylinder side wall in the above-mentioned crank box at least in part, between above-mentioned distributor and cylinder side wall, to limit the lubricant oil space.
3. an internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
A cover cap that centers on described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe at least in part, described cover cap comprise an opening around described suction port;
One has the air inlet isolator that the air/fuel passage passes, and above-mentioned air inlet isolator is installed on the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe so that above-mentioned air inlet isolator is aimed at above-mentioned suction port, and above-mentioned air inlet isolator is positioned among the opening of above-mentioned cover cap.
4. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned air inlet isolator comprises integrally formed rear wall and sidewall, and above-mentioned rear wall is near described suction port, and above-mentioned sidewall yoke are vertical with above-mentioned rear wall.
5. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: with the Carburetor of described air inlet isolator interconnection.
6. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is connected to the silencing apparatus on the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, and described silencing apparatus comprises the boss that extends to described relief opening.
7. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe comprises on the relief opening that is positioned at said cylinder having sealing surfaces angle, ladder, so can match with above-mentioned relief opening sealing surfaces in the end of described boss.
8. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Liner between the described sealing surfaces of the end of described boss and described relief opening.
9. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the boss of above-mentioned silencing apparatus is enclosed by the outer part of above-mentioned relief opening, thereby limit a clearance space between described silencing apparatus and described internal combustion (IC) engine airframe, described internal-combustion engine also comprises: one is arranged on packing ring between above-mentioned silencing apparatus and the above-mentioned internal combustion (IC) engine airframe to seal above-mentioned clearance space.
10. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that described packing ring strengthens, and the packing ring of described increasing provides a heat-blocking action.
11. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described silencing apparatus comprises a pair of shell, has the construction bolt hole that is used to admit a pair of construction bolt separately at above-mentioned shell.
12. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described silencing apparatus comprises the inner casing of a clamping between above-mentioned a pair of shell, and described inner casing comprises a pair of construction bolt hole that construction bolt passes therethrough that is used to accept.
13. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, one of described shell comprises a shoulder that extends around the edge of this shell, comprise a hooked flanges of extending with other shell around the edge of this shell, so when assembling, the shoulder of a described shell is accepted the flange of described another shell.
CNB2004100590931A 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related CN1298973C (en)

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US11721599P 1999-01-25 1999-01-25
US60/117,215 1999-01-25

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CN1298973C CN1298973C (en) 2007-02-07

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CNB2004100590927A Expired - Fee Related CN1298972C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2005100550267A Expired - Fee Related CN100368661C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CN 00803081 Expired - Fee Related CN1218118C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590950A Expired - Fee Related CN100351505C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590965A Expired - Fee Related CN1298974C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590946A Expired - Fee Related CN100357577C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590931A Expired - Fee Related CN1298973C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine

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CNB2005100550267A Expired - Fee Related CN100368661C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CN 00803081 Expired - Fee Related CN1218118C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590950A Expired - Fee Related CN100351505C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590965A Expired - Fee Related CN1298974C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine
CNB2004100590946A Expired - Fee Related CN100357577C (en) 1999-01-25 2000-01-13 Four-stroke internal combustion engine

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