CN1553983A - Modular panels for making a swimming pool - Google Patents
Modular panels for making a swimming pool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1553983A CN1553983A CNA028178661A CN02817866A CN1553983A CN 1553983 A CN1553983 A CN 1553983A CN A028178661 A CNA028178661 A CN A028178661A CN 02817866 A CN02817866 A CN 02817866A CN 1553983 A CN1553983 A CN 1553983A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- guide pin
- wing
- pin bushing
- pawl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
- E04H4/0081—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls and floor cast in situ
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Mirrors, Picture Frames, Photograph Stands, And Related Fastening Devices (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns panels for making a swimming pool having a globally rectangular planar prefabricated structure (1) delimited by a peripheral frame consisting of vertical (1b) and (1c) and horizontal (1d) and (1e) wings, one of the vertical wings having, suitably distributed over its height, fixing arrangements (1f) adapted to co-operate with matching arrangements (1g) of the other wing (1b) of an adjacent panel. The matching arrangements (1f) and (1g) are selected to enable the panels to be automatically assembled after said arrangements (1f) and (1g) have been engaged under a pressure force exerted in a plane parallel to the vertical wings and to ensure tightness in combination with a profiled shape (1k) arranged over the whole length of the vertical wings (1b) and (1c) at their connecting portion with the planar surface (1a) of the structure (1).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of swimming pool structural component.
More particularly, the present invention relates to the plate of the type of description among the patent FR 2,756,909, applicant of the present invention also is the owner who reads patent.
Background technology
It will be noted that the precast construction that each plate is a rectangle by a global shape is made for the description below understanding better, this precast construction has a frame, and this frame forms some vertical tail,s of assembling with the adjacent block plate.The width of each structure is littler than its height.Advantageously, this structure is accepted the independently fastening element of a cross section unanimity, and described fastening element is used for accepting and wall anchor (cha on its whole height
Nage) concrete of Lian Tonging.
For example, the cross section of fastening element can form a vertical channel that is connected with an angle bar shape edge, described vertical channel and described edge is combined with the wall anchor accept concrete.Vertical channel also forms between conplane support and fixed-wing at two, is fixed between the vertical assembling wing of structure to guarantee fastening element.
Patent FR 2,756, and 909 propose the special device that some guarantee quick assembling between the different structure, and do not need to use the additional parts of screw or other types.
For this reason, according to former state of the art, have on the whole height of one of them vertical tail, of structure with compensation device that other wing has and snap in the quick apparatus for assembling that cooperates.These apparatus for assembling that snap in type are made of some reeds, and there is the corresponding hook area that cooperates of penetrating opening that forms in the thickness with another wing the end of reed.
Compare with the known package system of prior art, this assembling mode has some important advantages.But snapping in apparatus for assembling can not be entirely satisfactory.For example,, structure is tilted, and make the link position of structure angular bend to the assembling wing in order to be embedded in the penetrating opening snapping in reed.In addition, in order to guarantee fully that reed snaps onto in the opening, usually need to use the instrument of a pliers type.
This assembling mode also needs to be provided with the special device that some guarantee sealing.The modelling that can obtain this class plate involves some motions, and some part that these motions cause existing plate is the core or the carriage of needs during the apparatus for assembling demoulding particularly.The problem in the adjusting gap that produces after therefore causing assembling and the problem of the flatness at the structure flat surfaces place that accepts lining.
From this state of the art, simultaneously in order to guarantee the quick assembling of disparate modules part, and do not need to use any additional assembling tool, the problem that proposition of the present invention solves is to simplify this assembling mode, and purpose is to obtain a kind of assembling of sealing fully, have desirable flatness after the assembling, and can guarantee to assemble automatically or complete hand assembled by suitable machinery.
Summary of the invention
In order to address this problem, designed and set up a kind of plate of making swimming pool, this plate comprises:
-one plane precast construction that global shape is a rectangle, this structure have one by some frames vertical and horizontal tail constitutes;
-one of them vertical tail, has the fastening devices on some height that suitably are distributed in it, and these fastening devicess can cooperate with the compensation device of another wing of an adjacent plate;
-compensation device is through selecting, on the one hand be for can described device one be applied to one with the parallel plane of vertical tail, in the effect of support force under after the embedding plate is fixed automatically mutually, by guaranteeing sealing with combining of a type body, this type body is based upon on the whole height at the part place that vertical tail, is connected with the flat surfaces of structure on the other hand.
In order to solve the problem of proposition---guarantee between the structure assembling under an effect that is applied to the power in the plane parallel and guarantee fixing automatically of described structure simultaneously neutralizing with vertical tail:
-for one in the described wing, described compensation device is made of some pawls, and described pawl is formed in the thickness of the described wing, and is suitable for being embedded into described another wing neutralization is guided in the body,
-each pawl has some fixedly uneven bodies of usefulness at its external surface, and after described pawl was embedded in the described body, these uneven bodies were suitable for cooperating with complementary uneven body, guaranteeing non-removable automatically locking,
-described neutralization guiding body being formed with a hole or guide pin bushing, described hole or guide pin bushing form highlightedly from the stayed surface of the described wing, and its cross section is roughly corresponding to the cross section of described pawl,
-the part that forms the wing of described guide pin bushing has the fixedly uneven body of usefulness, makes after described pawl embeds described guide pin bushing, to produce a kind of effect of blocking that described uneven body intermeshes that makes,
-at link to each other with the flat surfaces of described structure part place of described vertical tail,, a type body is built on the whole height of described vertical tail,, so that guarantee sealing after described pawl embeds described guide pin bushing.
In order to solve the lockout issue that guarantees between the structure of assembling back, and do not have the danger of release, the uneven body of described fixedly usefulness by a plurality of wolf's fang types, the parallel lines tooth constitutes very closely
In addition, described fixed claw is obtained by two parallel cuts, and described parallel cuts is vertically formed from the longitudinal edge of the described corresponding wing, and the length of described pawl is less than the width of the described wing.
Described fixed claw has flattened cross-section, is rectangle by the fixed interior cross section in the border of described guide pin bushing, and the free end of described fixed claw is cut sth. askew.
In order to solve the sealing problem that guarantees structure assembling back plate, the type body of described sealing usefulness makes a liner by a material from a thickening and constitutes.
Another problem that the present invention proposes to solve is that the top edge of the structure that lining is fixed therein is especially wanted good alignment.For this reason, the width of described fixed claw is less than the width in the interior cross section of described guide pin bushing, but consider except the guide pin bushing that is positioned at described structure top from the upright position, the approximate width that is equivalent to described pawl of the width in cross section in the guide pin bushing of this part is so that can carry out Height Adjustment to described plate.
To make the problem of rationalizing and reducing cost in order solving, directly to obtain total by injecting a kind of plastic material.
According to another key character of the present invention, when making described structure, the inner surface of described structure directly is furnished with some protruding pins, described protruding pin has a head and a centering portion, described centering portion be suitable for one independently the narrow eyelet that has of fastening element cooperate, described independent fastening element plays the effect of effect of wall anchor and concreting passage, and described protruding pin and eyelet are distributed on the whole height of described structure.
Description of drawings
Describe the present invention in more detail by accompanying drawing below, accompanying drawing is as follows:
-Fig. 1 is the foundation structure and the phantom drawing of fastening element before assembling of plate;
-Fig. 2 is the phantom drawing that the plate foundation structure of additional fastening element is housed;
-Fig. 3 is two perspective diagrams before the structural component assembling;
-Fig. 4 is two views corresponding with Fig. 3 after the part assembling;
-Fig. 5 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of the more vast scale of the structural component before the assembling;
-Fig. 6 is two views corresponding with Fig. 5 after the part assembling;
-Fig. 7 is two structural components partial views of vertically seeing from described part before assembling;
-Fig. 8 is two structural component assembling back views corresponding with Fig. 7;
The specific embodiment
The plate that each integral body is represented with P is used to assemble the back and forms a swimming pool, and does not get rid of other purposes.Each plate P is that tetragonal standalone module structure 1 constitutes by a global shape.In addition, pointed as patent FR 2,765,909, each structure has the assembling that a flat surfaces 1a and one is made of two vertical tail, 1b and 1c and two horizontal tail 1d and 1e and the frame of reinforcing.As infinite example, the height of each structural component 1 equals four times of width substantially.
Between the structure be assembled in vertical tail, 1b and the 1c place carries out, vertical tail, 1b and 1c have some fast side by side compensation devices of assembling that can guarantee two structural components 1, guarantee the sealing of flat surfaces 1a side simultaneously.
According to a feature based on the present invention, complementary device is through selecting, on the one hand be in order to make structural component fixing automatically under an effect that is applied to a support force in the plane parallel with vertical tail,, simultaneously can be by combining the assurance sealing with the type body of on the whole height of vertical tail, 1b and 1c and the structural component of flat surfaces 1a junction, setting up.
For vertical tail, 1c, these complementary automatic fixers are made up of the pawl 1f that some form in the thickness of described vertical tail.Fixed claw 1f forms two vertical parallel cuts 1f1 and 1f2 that form of the free longitudinal edge from vertical tail, 1c.The length of pawl 1f is less than the width of wing 1c, and is slightly less than the degree of depth of otch 1f1 and 1f2.These pawls 1f is used for being embedded in the complementary pair and guiding body 1g that another wing 1b has.
These constitute some guide pin bushings to neutralization guiding body 1g, and these guide pin bushings are formed with a basic corresponding interior cross section of the cross sectional shape with pawl 1f.Guide pin bushing 1g exceeds the stayed surface of vertical tail, 1b, and forms from the free longitudinal edge of vertical tail, 1b.
Some fixedly uneven body 1f3 of usefulness are arranged on the external surface of each pawl 1f, and after pawl 1f was embedded in the interior cross section of guide pin bushing 1g, these uneven body 1f3 can cooperate with the uneven body 1g1 of complementation.For this purpose, uneven body 1g1 directly forms on the part of the vertical tail, 1b that the side of guide pin bushing 1g forms.
Fixedly the uneven body 1f3 of usefulness and 1g1 are made of a plurality of type of wolf's fang very closely parallel lines teeth.
Shown in Fig. 5,6, after pawl 1f3 was embedded in the interior cross section of guide pin bushing 1g, profile of tooth 1f3 and 1g1 were by blocking effect and contact with each other and interlock, and what need emphatically point out is that the thickness of fixed claw 1f equals the width in the interior cross section of guide pin bushing 1g substantially.
In order to guarantee the assembling of structural component 1, if make they shown in Fig. 3,5 relative to each other, be positioned at pawl 1f and the corresponding position of guide pin bushing 1g, and it is just passable to apply a support force in the plane parallel with vertical tail.Produce two opposite power that produce along with the staggered of tooth thus, so just have the trend that the vertical tail, 1b that makes overlapping adjacent structure part and 1c stick together fully under the elastic reaction of reed.
This assembling can be carried out by hand, perhaps carries out automatically with machinery by known and suitable method.
For the ease of assembling, the width of fixed claw 1f is generally less than the width in cross section in the guide pin bushing 1g.But, for can improve the height of ground adjustment structure part, the width in cross section of guide pin bushing 1g that is positioned at the upper limb 1d side of the structure top of upright position and permanent lining equates with the width of pawl 1f.
Obviously, the global design of the structure 1 of plate realizes in known manner, and is pointed among for example above-mentioned patent FR 2,765,909.Therefore, there are some breach 1h the top and bottom of vertical tail, 1b and 1c, are used to embed a rigidity ironware of moulding as required.Vertical tail, also can have some eyelet 1m, is used for fixing pillar and the interconnected assembling tool of several modules is passed through, and each module is formed by several plate 1 assemblings under pointed condition.
Equally, the hinge that forms by the thickness that reduce to form rib connects and can carry out at assembling wing 1b and 1c place, so as under the situation of the swimming pool of a special shape arrangement part with being angle.
The assembly of structural component 1, the structural component as forming with complementary fixing mode can obtain by the mode of injecting a kind of plastic material.
Equally, according to another key character, the surperficial 1a facing surfaces 1i with accepting lining of plate can have some to reinforce rib, and has some fastening devicess, is used for fixing an independent fastening element 2 as passage in additional mode.
If with reference to patent FR 2,765,909, the surperficial 1i of structural component 1 has the vertically arranged prominent pin 1j of two rows, and 1j is parallel for the prominent pin of two rows, and near vertical assembling wing 1b and 1c.The narrow eyelet 2a that prominent pin 1j is used for having with each the braced wing 2b and the 2c of fastening element 2 cooperates.
Need in this respect should be mentioned that part 2 has a last right-angle side 2e who is communicated with a vertical channel 2d.Vertical channel 2d is used for receiving concrete in structural component assembling back, and right-angle side 2e also is the same, is used to form a wall anchor.The width of fastening element 2 equals the width between the inner surface of the assembling wing 1b of structural component 1 and 1c very approx.It is pointed out that also each prominent pin 1j has a head and a centering portion that cooperates with the narrow eyelet 2a of fastening element 2.
According to another feature, sealing under the condition of pointing out in front for the structural component 1 after guaranteeing to assemble, promptly the fixed claw 1f of fluting embeds the sealing behind the complementary fluting guide pin bushing, liner 1k of formation on the whole height of the flat surfaces 1a coupling part of vertical tail, 1b and 1c and structure 1.This liner forms the super thickness portion of material, so that be embedded in a sealing of back formation profile among the complementary guide pin bushing 1g at fluting pawl 1f.
Advantage of the present invention as can be seen from this is described, wherein want lay special stress on and be pointed out that:
-be convenient to the assembling between the structural component;
-the assembling quality that obtains can have desirable flatness;
Sealing between the-structural component;
-can assemble a plurality of structural components by automated manner or manual fully mode, for example form a plate that pre-determines width.
Claims (8)
1. be used to make the plate of swimming pool, described plate has a straight precast construction (1), the global shape of described precast construction (1) is rectangle and is defined by a frame, described frame is made up of vertical tail, (1b, 1c) and horizontal tail (1d, 1e), one of described vertical tail, (1c) has the fastening devices (1f) on some height that suitably are distributed in it, described fastening devices (1f) is suitable for cooperating with the compensation device (1g) of another wing (1b) of an adjacent plate
Described plate is characterised in that:
-for one in the described wing (1c), described compensation device (1f, 1g) is made of some pawls (1f), and described pawl (1f) is formed in the thickness of the described wing (1c), and is suitable for being embedded into described another wing (1b) neutralization is guided in the body (1g),
-each pawl (1f) has some fixedly uneven bodies (1f3) of usefulness at its external surface, after described pawl (1f) is embedded in the described body, these uneven bodies (1f3) are suitable for cooperating with complementary uneven body (1g), to guarantee non-removable automatically locking
-described neutralization guiding body (1g) being formed a hole or guide pin bushing, described hole or guide pin bushing form highlightedly from the stayed surface of the described wing (1b), and its cross section is roughly corresponding to the cross section of described pawl (1f),
-the part that forms the wing of described guide pin bushing has the fixedly uneven body (1g1) of usefulness, makes that embedding described guide pin bushing (1g) at described pawl (1f) produces a kind of effect of blocking that described uneven body intermeshes that makes afterwards,
-at link to each other with the flat surfaces (1a) of described structure (1) part place of described vertical tail, (1b, 1c), one type body (1k) is built on the whole height of described vertical tail, (1b, 1c), guarantees sealing so that embed described guide pin bushing (1g) back at described pawl (1f).
2. plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the uneven body of described fixedly usefulness (1f3,1g1) by a plurality of wolf's fang types, the parallel lines tooth constitutes very closely.
3. plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fixed claw (1f) is obtained by two parallel cuts (1f1,1f2), and described parallel cuts (1f1,1f2) is vertically formed from the longitudinal edge of the described corresponding wing (1c), and the length of described pawl (1f) is less than the width of the described wing (1c).
4. plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fixed claw (1f) has flattened cross-section, is rectangle by the fixed interior cross section in the border of described guide pin bushing (1g), and the free end of described fixed claw (1f) is cut sth. askew.
5. plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the type body of described sealing usefulness is made of a liner (1k), and this comes from the additional thickness of material.
6. plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the width of described fixed claw (1f) is less than the width in the interior cross section of described guide pin bushing (1g), but consider except the guide pin bushing that is positioned at described structure (1) top from the upright position, the approximate width that is equivalent to described pawl (1f) of the width in cross section in the guide pin bushing of this part is so that can carry out Height Adjustment to described plate.
7. plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, total (1) directly obtains by injecting a plastic material.
8. plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when making described structure (1), the inner surface of described structure (1) directly is furnished with some protruding pins (1j), described protruding pin (1j) has a head and a centering portion, described centering portion be suitable for one independently the narrow eyelet (2a) that has of fastening element (2) cooperate, described independent fastening element (2) plays the effect of effect of wall anchor and concreting passage, and described protruding pin (1j) and eyelet (2a) are distributed on the whole height of described structure (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0112067A FR2829788B1 (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2001-09-14 | MODULAR PANELS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SWIMMING POOL |
| FR0112067 | 2001-09-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1553983A true CN1553983A (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| CN1271295C CN1271295C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
Family
ID=8867405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02817866.1A Expired - Fee Related CN1271295C (en) | 2001-09-14 | 2002-09-09 | Modular panels for making a swimming pool |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040168390A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1425487A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005503504A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1271295C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR036524A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002339022B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0212485A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2459929A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ2004312A3 (en) |
| EG (1) | EG23295A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2829788B1 (en) |
| HR (1) | HRP20040248A2 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU224356B1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA26214A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04002394A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL367823A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2291264C2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW575710B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA76502C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003025314A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2856332B1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2007-03-23 | Piscines Desjoyaux Sa | PANEL FOR REALIZING A SWIMMING POOL |
| FR2877373B1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2007-01-05 | Mondiale Piscine Soc Par Actio | BANCHER ASSEMBLY INCLUDING AN END PIECE, ESPECIALLY FOR BUILDING POOLS, AND CORRESPONDING CORE COMPONENT |
| FR2887273B1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2008-10-10 | Piscines Desjoyaux Sa | PANEL FOR REALIZING A SWIMMING POOL |
| FR2906552B1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2010-08-13 | Mondiale Piscine | BANCHER ASSEMBLY COMPRISING MODULES AND A CHUTE SUPPORT PART FOR REPORTING ON THE UPPER END OF THE MODULES AND CORRESPONDING SUPPORT PART. |
| FR2906553B1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2009-01-02 | Mondiale Piscine Soc Par Actio | BANCHER ASSEMBLY COMPRISING MEANS FOR DELIMITATION OF A SPACE TO BE FILLED WITH AT LEAST ONE EAST SIDE ADJUSTABLE AT HEIGHT AND CORRESPONDING SUPPORT PART. |
| FR3053372B1 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-07-13 | Piscines Desjoyaux Sa | MODULAR PANEL FOR BASIN WALLS |
| US10914089B2 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-02-09 | Consolidated Manufacturing International, Llc | Modular walled spa and method of construction |
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2001
- 2001-09-14 FR FR0112067A patent/FR2829788B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-09-09 BR BR0212485-8A patent/BR0212485A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-09 WO PCT/FR2002/003048 patent/WO2003025314A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-09-09 US US10/791,056 patent/US20040168390A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-09 MX MXPA04002394A patent/MXPA04002394A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-09 HU HU0401631A patent/HU224356B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-09 JP JP2003528927A patent/JP2005503504A/en active Pending
- 2002-09-09 RU RU2004111289/03A patent/RU2291264C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-09 EP EP02777409A patent/EP1425487A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-09 UA UA20040402938A patent/UA76502C2/en unknown
- 2002-09-09 CN CN02817866.1A patent/CN1271295C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-09 AU AU2002339022A patent/AU2002339022B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-09 CA CA002459929A patent/CA2459929A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-09 PL PL02367823A patent/PL367823A1/en unknown
- 2002-09-09 CZ CZ2004312A patent/CZ2004312A3/en unknown
- 2002-09-12 TW TW91120902A patent/TW575710B/en active
- 2002-09-13 AR ARP020103478A patent/AR036524A1/en unknown
- 2002-09-14 EG EG2002091023A patent/EG23295A/en active
-
2004
- 2004-03-09 MA MA27565A patent/MA26214A1/en unknown
- 2004-03-12 HR HR20040248A patent/HRP20040248A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MXPA04002394A (en) | 2004-08-02 |
| UA76502C2 (en) | 2006-08-15 |
| CN1271295C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| FR2829788A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 |
| AR036524A1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| HUP0401631A2 (en) | 2004-12-28 |
| EG23295A (en) | 2004-11-30 |
| PL367823A1 (en) | 2005-03-07 |
| RU2291264C2 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| BR0212485A (en) | 2004-08-24 |
| EP1425487A1 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CA2459929A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
| FR2829788B1 (en) | 2006-02-10 |
| MA26214A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
| US20040168390A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
| CZ2004312A3 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| JP2005503504A (en) | 2005-02-03 |
| HRP20040248A2 (en) | 2004-08-31 |
| TW575710B (en) | 2004-02-11 |
| RU2004111289A (en) | 2005-09-10 |
| AU2002339022B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| HU224356B1 (en) | 2005-08-29 |
| WO2003025314A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
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