CN1526360A - X-ray diagnostic apparatus and X-ray photographic method - Google Patents
X-ray diagnostic apparatus and X-ray photographic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1526360A CN1526360A CNA2003101231151A CN200310123115A CN1526360A CN 1526360 A CN1526360 A CN 1526360A CN A2003101231151 A CNA2003101231151 A CN A2003101231151A CN 200310123115 A CN200310123115 A CN 200310123115A CN 1526360 A CN1526360 A CN 1526360A
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Abstract
An X-ray diagnostic system is provided, which uses X-rays to image the lower limb of an object under conditions suitable for a flow of an X-ray contrast agent injected into the object. In the system, a C-shaped arm supports both an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector so that an object-laid tabletop is located between both the tube and the detector. For instance, one of the tabletop and the C-shaped arm is relatively moved to the other so that the object is imaged along a body-axis direction thereof. The apparatus is able to perform a fluoroscopic scan to obtain a body-axis directional fluoroscopic image of the agent-injected object and to set imaging parameters, region by region in the body-axis direction, necessary for an imaging scan using the fluoroscopic image. The imaging parameters are used for the imaging scan of the agent-injected object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to x ray diagnostic device and X ray method for imaging, particularly be suitable for implementing the radiodiagnosis device and the X ray method for imaging of lower limb contrast examination.
Background technology
The radiodiagnosis device is to can be used in the inspection at each position of subject, the equipment of diagnosis.One of inspection of being undertaken by this radiodiagnosis device has the lower limb contrast examination.
The lower limb contrast examination of being undertaken by this radiodiagnosis device is injected the mobile enforcement X ray photography that contrast agent is followed the tracks of contrast agent from the groin of subject to tremulous pulse.Therefore, camera coverage stride across near the pelvis to the wide scope of toe owing to can't obtain whole image, implement the part photography several times so be divided into by a shot, then, splicing image and obtain whole image.But, in this camera coverage, because the position that lower limb, knee joint, shin, ankle etc. vary in size links to each other, so, then can halation take place and damage image quality if the range of exposures that makes X ray is near for example shank branch of photographing of the big or small such initial condition for example can pelvis obtecta.
So, so bad in order to get rid of, now all is the divergence of adjusting the width of X ray iris apparatus, make X ray not shine the exterior lateral area of the profile of subject.
In addition, known following method: open (the 21st～22 page in flat 6-217973 communique as the spy, the 50th figure) shown in, when carrying out the travelling shot of lower limb, the outline data of extracting the subject corresponding with the position data of Wo Tai by prescan out makes control table, when X ray is photographed, with reference to this control table.That is, with reference to this control table, to the divergence of the width of the Position Control X ray iris apparatus of each Wo Tai, its result makes X ray not shine the exterior lateral area of the profile of subject.In this case, the divergence of the length direction of X ray iris apparatus (being the axon direction of subject) is always certain.
But near the wide scope till the toe pelvis, blood flow rate not necessarily has flow velocity position and the fast position of flow velocity slowly, and then also has simple position of blood vessel traveling and complicated position.Therefore, if make the divergence of the length direction (being the direction of the lower limb of subject) of X ray iris apparatus necessarily carry out the travelling shot of lower limb, following problem is arranged then: in the image that obtains by photography, exist a part not satisfy the position of diagnosis.
For such problem, can adopt the interval photography on the direction of the lower limb that make subject narrow, photography method often.If like this, then the divergence of the length direction of X ray iris apparatus is inevitable narrow, can address the above problem, one side but owing to must following the tracks of the mobile of contrast agent on one side under the narrow state in the viewing area of photographed image, the operator photographs, so its complicated operation and hugeization.
Summary of the invention
So, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of radiodiagnosis device and X ray method for imaging, can follow the tracks of the mobile X ray photography of carrying out under the most suitable condition of contrast agent, alleviate operator's burden, improve operability.
In order to address the above problem, a form of the radiodiagnosis device of being correlated with according to the present invention possesses: the x-ray source that produces X ray; Detect the X-ray detector of above-mentioned X ray; Make above-mentioned x-ray source relative mutually, keep this x-ray source and X-ray detector simultaneously, the feasible spatial holding device that loads the sky of top board between this x-ray source and X-ray detector of subject with above-mentioned X-ray detector; Make in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device one relatively to move with respect to another, photography is had an X-rayed in each position along the axon direction of this subject to the above-mentioned subject that injected contrast agent, obtains the panoramic photography device of the perspective picture of this each position; According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by this panoramic photography device, above-mentioned each position is provided with the photographic parameter setting device of the necessary photographic parameter of main photography; According to the photographic parameter that is provided with by this photographic parameter setting device, make relatively mobile with respect to another, as the above-mentioned subject that has injected contrast agent to be carried out an above-mentioned master's photography main photographic attachment in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device.
Thus, can controlling make it to follow the tracks of contrast agent mobile, that the x-ray bombardment scope is become is the most suitable, can access good radiodiagnosis image.In addition, provide a kind of burden that alleviates the operator greatly, the radiodiagnosis device that operability is good.
In this case, as an example, above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device constitutes the manual information corresponding to the operator, and above-mentioned photographic parameter is set.
For example, can control the relative translational speed of above-mentioned top board or above-mentioned holding device corresponding to the flow velocity of above-mentioned contrast agent, can also be corresponding to the flow velocity of above-mentioned contrast agent, the photography rate of control X ray photography.Thus, can the X ray photography conditions more be optimized corresponding to the flowing of contrast agent.
On the other hand, according to another example that is fit to, above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device can constitute the flow region of discerning above-mentioned contrast agent according to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device automatically, according to this recognition result above-mentioned photographic parameter is set.By so automatic identification, in the perspective photography, also can automatically follow the tracks of flowing of contrast agent, can almost adjust the divergence of the X ray aperture in the perspective photography in real time.In addition, can alleviate operator's operational burden significantly corresponding to the relative photographic parameters such as translational speed between the flow velocity of the contrast agent of following the tracks of and X ray aperture divergence, holding device and the top board that amount of movement automatically is provided with each camera positions.
In addition, relevant X ray method for imaging of the present invention is the X ray method for imaging of carrying out by the radiodiagnosis device, and this radiodiagnosis device possesses: the x-ray source that produces X ray; Detect the X-ray detector of above-mentioned X ray; Make above-mentioned x-ray source relative mutually, keep this x-ray source and X-ray detector simultaneously, the feasible spatial holding device that loads the sky of top board between this x-ray source and X-ray detector of subject with above-mentioned X-ray detector.This method for imaging comprises: make in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device one relatively to move with respect to another, each of the above-mentioned subject that injected contrast agent had an X-rayed photography along the position of the axon direction of this subject, obtain the step of the perspective picture of this each position; According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by this perspective photography, above-mentioned each position is provided with the step of the necessary photographic parameter of main photography; According to the photographic parameter of this setting, make relatively mobile with respect to another, as the above-mentioned subject that has injected contrast agent to be carried out an above-mentioned master's photography step in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device.Thus, can bring into play and the equal action effect of above-mentioned radiodiagnosis device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the oblique view that the summary of the holding device part among the embodiment 1 of the radiodiagnosis device of showing that the present invention is correlated with constitutes.
Fig. 2 is a system diagram of showing the summary formation of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the plane graph for the effect that the X ray aperture is described.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B illustrate in embodiment 1, manually each photography position are provided with the key diagram of the situation of X ray aperture.
Fig. 5 is in order to illustrate in embodiment 1, the key diagram to the situation of the suitable photography conditions in the position of hope to be set.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the storage list of the value of setting (photographic parameter) of showing that the setting operation by photography conditions determines.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of an example of the action step among the explanation embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the key diagram of the line chart Presentation Function of contrast agent translational speed among the embodiment 1 and C arm translational speed.
Fig. 9 is the figure of other functions among the explanation embodiment 1.
Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B are the figure of other other functions among the explanation embodiment 1.
Figure 11 is the oblique view that the summary of the holding device part among the embodiment 2 of the radiodiagnosis device of showing that the present invention is correlated with constitutes.
Figure 12 is a functional block diagram of showing the summary of the processing of being undertaken by the profile processor that is used for embodiment 2.
Figure 13 shows the flow chart of processing summary that the aperture divergence of X ray aperture is set automatically by being used for of carrying out of profile processor.
Figure 14 is the flow chart of processing summary that the translational speed of C arm is set automatically by being used for of carrying out of profile processor.
Figure 15 is that explanation is extracted out based on the profile of contrast agent and the figure of the automatic setting of the aperture divergence of the X ray aperture of difference processing.
Figure 16 is that explanation is extracted out based on the profile of contrast agent and the figure of the automatic setting of the C arm translational speed of difference processing.
The specific embodiment
Below, the embodiment that is fit to of the radiodiagnosis device that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying is correlated with.
(embodiment 1)
With reference to Fig. 1～7, the embodiment 1 of the radiodiagnosis device that detailed description the present invention is correlated with.
This embodiment 1 relevant radiodiagnosis device possesses holding device 10, X-ray tube 20, X-ray detector 30 and control device 50.
Fig. 1 is the oblique view that the part summary of the holding device 10 of this radiodiagnosis device of displaying constitutes, and holding device 10 mainly is made of holding device main body 11, C arm maintaining body 12, C arm 13, top board maintaining body 14, top board 15.
Holding device main body 11 is fixed on the floor, and C arm maintaining body 12 is smoothly freely remained on the direction (representing with arrow A in the drawings) with the floor almost parallel.C arm 13 is the center with the position of being installed on the C arm maintaining body 12, can on the face of approximate vertical, rotate (representing with arrow B in the drawings) with respect to the floor, can be installed to slidably on the circular arc direction (representing with arrow C in the drawings) on this C arm maintaining body 12 simultaneously, and enable to tilt with respect to top board 15 described later.And X-ray tube 20 described later and X-ray detector 30 relatively are installed in and make top board 15 on the C arm 13 between it.
On the other hand, keep top board maintaining body 14, enable with respect to holding device main body 11 movable (representing with arrow D in the drawings) up and down, and can rotate (representing with arrow E in the drawings).
In addition, X-ray tube 20 towards top board 15 sides be installed in an end that remains on the C arm 13 on the C arm maintaining body 12, the front that X ray aperture 21 and compensating filter 22 are set at X-ray tube 20 is top board 15 sides (with reference to Fig. 2).This X ray aperture 21 will gather the scope of hope from the range of exposures of the X ray of X-ray tube 20 irradiation, to subject do not need the position irradiation, thereby for example as shown in Figure 3, will be combined as well word shape by aperture blades 21a～21d that stereotype constitutes and constitute.This aperture blades 21a～21d is driven by servomotor via not shown rack wheel mechanism etc. separately respectively, thereby make relative aperture blades 21a, 21b and 21c, 21d mutually mutual connection from, form the range of exposures (represent with oblique line in the drawings, be also referred to as the irradiation visual field or aperture divergence) of wishing.In addition, compensating filter 22 is used for partly making the decay of X ray amount at the range of exposures of X ray.These X-ray tubes 20, X ray aperture 21 and compensating filter 22 can be advanced and retreat (representing with arrow I in the drawings) to top board 15 sides from the installation side to C arm 13.
And then X-ray detector 30 is clipped top board 15 and X-ray tube 20 and relatively is installed in the other end of C arm 13.This X-ray detector 30 for example as shown in Figure 2, via optical system 33 with image intensifier (Image Intensifier: be designated hereinafter simply as I.I.) and television camera 32 be combined intos, wherein television camera 32 possesses pickup tube or solid-state imager (charge-coupled image sensor for example: CCD), be that top board 15 sides are provided with X ray grid 34 in the front of I.I.31.At this, I.I.31 receives from the X ray that sees through subject P of X-ray tube 20 irradiations and is converted to optical image, and this optical image is injected television camera 32 and is converted into the TV signal of video signal via optical system 33.And X ray grid 34 prevents to inject I.I.31 by the X ray at random that subject P produces.Such X-ray detector 30 can be advanced and retreat (representing with arrow J among Fig. 1) to top board 15 sides from the installation side to C arm 13.
Then, with reference to Fig. 2 explanation and holding device 10 side by side as the control device 50 of one of main composition key element of this radiodiagnosis device.In addition, in Fig. 2, showed the X-ray tube 20 and the X-ray detector 30 that are arranged on holding device 10, simultaneously also showed each machine of constituting control device 50 etc. as system diagram.
That is, in control device 50, be responsible for the system controller 51 of the action of unified control radiodiagnosis device integral body with being provided with central; Possess and be used for the operator and send the keyboard of indication of regulation or the operation panel 52 of touch screen and indicating equipments such as mouse and tracking ball etc. to system controller 51; High-tension device for generating high voltage 53 and its X ray controller 54 of control that generation applies to X-ray tube 20; For the range of exposures that obtains X ray be X ray aperture 21 hope divergence and control the X ray aperture controller 55 of the amount of movement of aperture blades 21a～21d; The compensating filter controller 56 of the position of control compensating filter 22 etc.; The action of control C arm maintaining body 12 and the C arm 13 that is held and top board maintaining body 14 and by the holding device controller 57 of the action of the top board 15 of its support etc. etc.
In addition, in control device 50, also be provided with the I.I. controller 58 of control I.I.31; The television camera controller 59 of control television camera 32; The image of having handled to the image that obtains from television camera 32 or with presentation manager 60 described later is with based on the X ray controlled condition of X ray controller 54 and X ray aperture controller 55 and compensating filter controller 56 or the video memory of storing based on the camera positions of holding device controller 57 and the image processing condition the presentation manager 60 etc. 61; At the image that is stored in the image in the video memory 61 and obtains in real time, implement gray scale processing and spatial filter and handle, or implement the presentation manager 60 of addition process and subtraction process etc. from television camera 32; Show the image that obtains from television camera 32 in real time, or show the display equipment 62 etc. of the image of having handled by presentation manager 60.
And then, in control device 50, also be provided with at the image that is stored in the video memory 61, according to the position signalling that when obtaining this image, obtains from X ray aperture controller 55, this image is calculated suitable aperture position, size, angle etc., generate the aperture position size angle computer 63 of its figure; According to the transfer point of the contrast agent of having in mind and camera positions information the suitable translational speed of C arms 13 is calculated at a plurality of positions, the photographic parameter memorizer 64 that it is stored with aperture position and size thereof and interval photography; Under the photography sequential of regulation, according to its positional information at any time, in order to become the translational speed that is stored in the suitable C arm 13 in the photographic parameter memorizer 64, and the photographic parameter controller 65 of control X ray aperture controller 55 and holding device controller 57 etc. etc.
Below, illustrate that radiodiagnosis device by such formation carries out the action under the situation of lower limb contrast examination.In addition, in Fig. 2, represent direction, represent to be loaded in the width of the subject P of top board 15, represent the axon direction, represent thickness direction with Z with Y with X with arrow.
At first, subject P is carried out perspective photography near the wide scope till the toe pelvis, and each position is provided with the divergence of X ray aperture 21.Perspective photography as the prescan that has used contrast agent for example drops into a spot of contrast agent to the lower limb agglomerate ground of subject, leads the location of photography etc. by weak X ray.In this case, owing to can't obtain all pictures of desirable diagnostic area by photography once, institute is so that top board 15 keeps static, and C arm 13 (being X-ray tube 20 and X-ray detector 30) is moved to the length direction (being the Y direction) of top board 15, implement the part photography several times and be divided into, splice image then and all looked like.By being moved to the direction of arrow A shown in Figure 1, C arm maintaining body 12 carries out this shift action.In addition, in order to draw out desirable position best, the anglec of rotation corresponding to the C arm 13 of top board 15 (with reference to the direction of the arrow B of Fig. 1) and inclination angle (with reference to the direction of the arrow C of Fig. 1) are set.
Fig. 4 A has showed in the lower limb contrast examination approximate range with X ray photography subject P with arrow.Fig. 4 B has showed that splicing collects the image that obtains by perspective in advance, for the image that long size is shown is led photography, and the situation when each position is provided with the divergence of X ray aperture 21.
That is, at first inject contrast agent, be divided into several times the scope of representing with arrow is had an X-rayed collection, and each fluoroscopy image is stored in the video memory 61 to the subject P shown in Fig. 4 A.Then, under the control of system controller 51, read each fluoroscopy image that is stored in the video memory 61, in presentation manager 60, they are spliced processing, shown in Fig. 4 B, all on display equipment 62, show as long size ground as lower limb.
Perspective picture at each the photography zone that is presented at the perspective picture on this display equipment 62 with growing size or has in mind, the operator is provided with the size that becomes optimal X ray aperture 21 in main photography at the position of each hope by being arranged on the indicating equipment on the operation panel 52.Promptly, in near the wide scope till the toe pelvis, corresponding to special be concerned about want position and the size at each position or the flow condition of contrast agent etc. observed, the camera coverage and the aperture divergence of correspondence with it are set, make it to become the part of the pitch-black expression of with dashed lines among Fig. 4 B.
Promptly, in Fig. 4 B, the divergence of having showed X ray aperture 21 on camera positions 1 is set to 1 state, then, the divergence of X ray aperture 21 is set to 2 state on camera positions 2, and then the divergence of X ray aperture 21 is set to 3 state on camera positions 3, and the divergence of X ray aperture 21 is set to the state of n on the n of camera positions.At this, the divergence 1,2,3 of X ray aperture 21 ... n might not be different, also can be identical divergence according to camera positions.In addition, on adjacent camera positions, axon direction (Y direction) at subject P makes camera coverage not overlapping as far as possible, this is ideal on reducing by radiation, but for mobile contrast agent is converged in the picture, even adjust photography rate f (maximum 1 second 30 lattice, but also can change to 15 lattice, 7.5 lattice), also can't avoid to produce to a certain degree overlapping by setting corresponding to the speed λ of contrast agent.
Like this, if each camera positions is provided with the aperture divergence by indicating equipment, then calculate the amount of movement of the blade 21a～21d that constitutes X ray aperture 21, result calculated is stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64 to x, y direction by aperture position size angle computer 63.
In addition, from video memory 61, read a plurality of radioscopy pictures that obtain by perspective collection in advance, can carry out tracing display,, the translational speed of photography rate f corresponding with the speed λ of contrast agent and C arm 13 etc. can be set by process of feedback as shown in Figure 5.
Promptly, as shown in Figure 5 under subject has injected the state of contrast agent, have an X-rayed collection in advance, on display equipment 62, carry out with being stored in image in the video memory 61 that film shows or carry out tracing display as following the tracks of the frame of image to each setting as Fig. 5 (b).In addition, in Fig. 5 (a), represented to pattern to be stored in the image from the m frame to the n frame in the video memory 61, the photography time of the image of m frame is Tm, and assembling position is lm, and the acquisition time of the image of n frame is Tn, and assembling position is ln.At this, m＜n, collection rate f for example are 30fps.
Then, the operator is presented at image on the display equipment 62 as Fig. 5 (b) successively, confirms the diffusion-condition of contrast agent while seeing it, and makes it to stop at the image of hope.Then, shown in the frame of broken lines of Fig. 5 (c) like that, be provided with for main photography at this image and be the divergence of optimal X ray aperture 21 (position of the x of blade 21a～21d, y direction).By the indicating equipment of operation panel 52, make 55 actions of X ray aperture controller carry out this setting.
Thus, because the frame period of the image obtained of tracking is m～n, so according to specified 2 positional information with based on the temporal information of collection rate f, by formula (1) the translational speed λ of contrast agent as can be known.
λ＝(ln-lm)/(Tn-Tm) …(1)
Under the fast situation of the translational speed of the translational speed λ of this contrast agent C arm 13 during than photography, owing to might go out flowing of contrast agent in screen displayed, so the divergence of the y direction by making X ray aperture 21 is big, or raising photography rate f is provided with like that again, with the doctor the position that will observe of special care photograph as the photography zone, in this zone is all, include the flow condition of contrast agent in.
In addition, at this moment in size according to the X ray aperture 21 that is provided with at each image, long size ground show all as the time automatically add be used for splicing before and after the error (△) of image.In addition, photography elapsed time Tm, Tn and camera positions lm, ln become with the reference information that decides interval photography K and photography rate f.
By circulating successively to carrying out this operation in each photography position, with each camera positions in the whole camera coverage promptly with the position of the corresponding C arm 13 of top board 15 accordingly, the photographic parameters (value of setting) such as speed of various values of setting such as its anglec of rotation, inclination angle, speed and contrast agent are stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64 as storage list for example shown in Figure 6.
Through such preparation,, then lead photography if determined the aperture interval photography translational speed at each photography position.Main photography is by contrast agent being injected into the shielding sequential of carrying out before the subject, injecting the contrast sequential of carrying out behind the contrast agent and form.Promptly, to having injected the subject before the contrast agent by the shielding sequential, under the control of photographic parameter controller 65, according to collecting the aperture divergence determined, photography rate, translational speed etc. by above-mentioned perspective, the shielding image that obtains is stored in the video memory 61 with positional information like that for example from the position of pelvis direction to toe direction photography regulation.
Then, inject contrast agent, under the control of same photographic parameter controller 65, implement photography, obtain the contrast image based on the contrast sequential according to the direction of contrast agent flow to subject.In addition, because the information such as elapsed time behind the translational speed of C arm 13 grades in the time of will photographing one by one, the injection contrast agent offer photographic parameter controller 65, photograph so photographic parameter controller 65 is controlled under the condition that makes in being stored in photographic parameter memorizer 64.
If obtained the contrast image, then should store in the video memory 61 with positional information by image, and then in presentation manager 60, the shielding image of having photographed before from video memory 61, reading, in presentation manager 60, implement to handle, obtain subtracting each other image with the subtraction of contrast image.This subtracts each other image and is stored in the video memory 61 with comprising positional information, is shown in real time on the display equipment 62 simultaneously.In addition, implement contrast image that subtraction handles and shielding image yes image that photography has been carried out at the same position of subject.In addition, subtracting each other image is the same background part of having removed contrast image and shielding image, and only shows the image of the part that is flowing of contrast agent.
Like this, if when main photography, read the various values of setting (photographic parameter) that are stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64, according to this value of setting, under the control of system controller 51, obtain shielding image and contrast image, then when can greatly alleviating operator's burden, can also obtain the suitable diagnosis image at each photography position.
In Fig. 7 with flowcharting the action step of such present embodiment, below just describe once more along this flow chart.
That is, as step S10, at first the position of C arm 13 and angle are set to initial position.Specifically, detect the position and the angle of the C arm 13 corresponding, detect and whether do not depart from initial position with top board 15, and if departed from action correction by holding device controller 57 it.Send this indication by system controller 51.If be provided with the position and the angle of C arm 13, then as step S20, in value of setting from be stored in photographic parameter memorizer 64 (with reference to Fig. 6), retrieve the divergence (x of blade 21a～21d, the position of y) of the X ray aperture 21 of this position, the divergence that makes 55 actions of X ray aperture controller be set to stipulate.This is also undertaken by system controller 51.Then, as step S30, in same value of setting from be stored in photographic parameter memorizer 64, retrieve the translational speed β of the C arm 13 of this position.As step S40, the data of the translational speed β of the divergence of these X ray apertures 21 and C arm 13 are sent to photographic parameter controller 65.So as step S50, according to the value of setting that is stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64, under the control of photographic parameter controller 65, the enforcement master photographs and obtains shielding image and contrast image.
In addition, when in main photography, obtaining the contrast image, if the operator is seeing the contrast image that is presented in real time on the display equipment 62 on one side, press continuously on one side and be arranged on the button (not shown) of photographing on the operation panel 52, the mobile C of the making arm 13 of then automatically following the tracks of contrast agent moves the photography of degree of comparing image.But, for a certain reason and based on the tracking generation deviation of the contrast agent of automatic control the time, then by operation setting control stick (not shown) on operation panel etc., manually switch to the move operation of later C arm 13 and follow the trail of contrast agent, at this moment, it is automatic having only the control of X ray aperture 21.
Like this, by embodiments of the invention, provide a kind of burden that greatly alleviates the operator, the radiodiagnosis device that operability is good.
In addition, as other embodiment of the present invention, according to the information that value table storage (with reference to Fig. 6) is set that is stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64, as shown in Figure 8, the relation of the translational speed of the position of the C arm 13 that the line chart demonstration is corresponding with the Y direction of top board 15 and the translational speed of contrast agent or C arm 13 can provide as diagnostic message.
In addition, if read in the photographed image from be stored in video memory 61 to diagnosing useful image, be presented on the display equipment 62 by lattice as shown in Figure 9, show the measurement starting point of contrast agent overlappingly and measure end point with this demonstration image simultaneously, translational speed of the contrast agent of having measured with demonstrations such as literal etc., then can be when the doctor diagnoses opportunity as a reference information is provided well.
And then, shown in Figure 10 A like that, on the image that shows on long size ground, be arranged on indicating equipment on the operation panel 52 by use and at random be provided with and be concerned about zone (ROI), then can from video memory 61, read the image that subtracts each other of this part, be presented on the display equipment 62.Then, for example under this part situation that many such images constitute by m1, m2, then can these images be presented on the display equipment 62 the such form shown in Figure 10 B with splicing.In this case, translational speed that also can overlapping contrast agent etc. shows.
In addition, because blood vessel separates,, thereby can know mobile slack-off at the joint component contrast agent in joint component such as knee joint and ankles so to compare blood flow rate slow with the such straight line portion of lower limb and shin.So, under the situation of the situation of wanting to observe joint component such as knee joint and ankle especially, by specifying this position in advance, when the X ray camera positions arrive this assigned address, X ray aperture controller 55 can be controlled X ray aperture 21 and become the divergence (for example narrow divergence) of the slow contrast agent flow in this position that is suitable for photographing, if carry out such operation, then can more alleviate operator's burden.
In order to carry out the appointment of this specific part, use the indicating equipment that is arranged on the operation panel 52 to want especially that in advance the zone of observing is set to be concerned about zone (ROI).This configuration information can store in the photographic parameter memorizer 64 via system controller 51.Thus, by photographic parameter controller 65 when photographic parameter memorizer 64 is read this configuration information, send to X ray aperture controller 55 via system controller 51 configuration information of should being correlated with.Consequently, in being concerned about the zone, corresponding to configuration information, the aperture divergence of the most suitably having adjusted X ray aperture 21 is the x-ray bombardment scope.Thus, can alleviate the X ray exit dose, also alleviate the operational burden of operator simultaneously.
In addition, slowly during specific part, also can reduce the photography rate in the mobile arrival of such contrast agent.Thus, can further alleviate the X ray exit dose.
(embodiment 2)
With reference to Figure 11～Figure 16 the radiodiagnosis device that embodiments of the invention 2 are correlated with is described.In this embodiment 2, it is characterized in that: do not carry out above-mentioned prescan and the process of the photographic parameter of main photography usefulness is set with manual handle, and can automatically carry out according to the image that obtains by this prescan by operator's manual operation.
Owing to carry out the automatic setting of this photographic parameter,, newly possess and carry out as the extraction of the profile of the model of contrast agent and the profile processor 70 of processing so the relevant radiodiagnosis device of present embodiment as shown in figure 11.In addition, on operation panel 52, append locking switch 71 has been installed.Other hardware formation is the same with the foregoing description 1 record.
More particularly, profile processor 70 is timesharing ground and in the prescan implementation for example, carries out the processing shown in Figure 13,14 concurrently.Wherein, processing shown in Figure 13 represents to be used for to determine the processing of the aperture divergence of X ray aperture 21, and processing shown in Figure 14 represents to be used for to determine another the processing of relative moving speed (being that C arm 13 is moved with respect to top board 15 in an embodiment) with respect in C arm 13 and the top board 15.In addition, profile processor 70 also can only be carried out any one in the processing of Figure 13 and Figure 14.
Then, profile processor 70 carries out the processing that profile is extracted out, difference image generates, the aperture divergence determines successively.
At first, handle to extract the profile (pattern recognition) of the contrast agent of current sampling instant tn out, the pictorial data of each pixel of this profile temporarily is stored in (step S53) in the internal memory by differential.Then, between the profile of the contrast agent of two sampling instant tn, tn-1, carry out the difference of each pixel, generate difference image (step S54).Figure 15 has showed the situation of the generation of this difference image.
Then, the data of difference image are carried out difference component (difference area) computing, judge that this difference component is whether more than the threshold value of predesignating (step S55).At difference component under the situation more than the threshold value, determine difference component promptly with aperture divergence as the corresponding X ray aperture 21 of the contour area of difference result, and will represent the data storage (step S56) in built-in memorizer of this aperture divergence.On the other hand, under the situation of difference component (difference area) less than threshold value, also determine difference component promptly with aperture divergence as the corresponding X ray aperture 21 of the contour area of difference result, and will represent the data storage (step S57) in built-in memorizer of this aperture divergence.By like this difference component being carried out threshold process, can be corresponding to the degree of the flow velocity of contrast agent, more detailed and determine the aperture divergence simply.
If determined the aperture divergence like this, then import the pictorial data (step S51) of the prescan of next sampling instant tn+1 again.Carry out above-mentioned processing so circularly.
Be accompanied by the execution of this prescan, show fluoroscopy image in the process of implementation in real time.Therefore, from the data of the fluoroscopy image that rule of thumb shows under the planned sample rate such as value in advance, handle the profile of extracting contrast agent successively out by differential.Wherein, obtain the contour image extracted out at current Displaying timer tn and at the difference image of the contour image that Displaying timer tn-1 extracts out last time.An example having showed to Figure 15 (a)～(c) pattern the generation of this difference image.The aperture divergence (the region R G of the dotted portion of Figure 15 (c) represents optimal aperture divergence) of a certain camera positions can be determined according to this difference image, the flow velocity of contrast agent can be obtained simultaneously.
On the other hand, as shown in figure 14, profile processor 70 is imported by the prescan that carries out now pictorial data (step S61) that collect, a certain sampling instant tn from picture record parts 60 via system controller 51.Then, profile processor 70 is read the contour image data (step S62) of the contrast agent of handling at sampling instant last time tn-1 from built-in memorizer.
Then, profile processor 70 carries out the processing that profile is extracted out, difference image generates, translational speed determines successively.
At first, handle the profile (pattern recognition) of extracting contrast agent out by differential, the pictorial data of each pixel of this profile temporarily is stored in (step S63) in the internal memory at current sampling instant tn.Then, between the profile of the contrast agent of two sampling instant tn, tn-1, carry out the difference of each pixel, generate difference image (step S64).Figure 16 has showed the situation of the generation of this difference image.
Then, the data of difference image are carried out the amount of movement computing of contrast agent, judge that this amount of movement is whether more than the threshold value of predesignating (step S65).At amount of movement under the situation more than the threshold value, determine with as the contour area of the difference result translational speed of (the aperture divergence is big) corresponding C arm 13 greatly, and will represent this data storage that moves divergence (step S66) in built-in memorizer.On the other hand, under the situation of amount of movement less than threshold value of contrast agent, equally also determine and the translational speed of the C arm 13 that the contour area little (the aperture divergence is little) as difference result is corresponding, and will represent the data storage (step S67) in built-in memorizer of this translational speed.By like this amount of movement being carried out threshold process, can be corresponding to the degree of the amount of movement of contrast agent, more detailed and determine the translational speed of C arm 13 simply.
If determined translational speed like this, then import the pictorial data (step S61) of the prescan of next sampling instant tn+1 again.Carry out above-mentioned processing so circularly.
Be accompanied by the execution of this prescan, show fluoroscopy image in the process of implementation in real time.Therefore, from the data of the fluoroscopy image that rule of thumb shows under the planned sampling rate such as value in advance, handle the profile of extracting contrast agent successively out by differential.Wherein, obtain the contour image extracted out at current Displaying timer tn and in each camera positions at the difference image of the contour image that Displaying timer tn-1 extracts out last time.A Figure 16 (a)～(c) and an example (d)～(f) having showed to pattern the generation of this difference image.
Can determine the aperture divergence (regional P1 (x of the dotted portion of Figure 16 (c) of a certain camera positions (t1 constantly) according to these difference images, y)), can determine simultaneously aperture divergence (the regional P2 (x, y)) (the step S65 of Figure 14, S66) of the dotted portion of Figure 16 (f) of next camera positions (t2 constantly).Therefore, can calculate the position of a certain camera positions (t1 constantly) aperture divergence of (t2 constantly) by following formula, i.e. the translational speed V of C arm 13 (mm/sec) (step S65, the S66 by Figure 14 carries out equally) to next camera positions from C arm 13.
V＝(P1-P2)/(t1-t2)
The translational speed V of this C arm 13 is stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64.
As mentioned above, the same with the main photography of the foregoing description in photographic parameter memorizer 64, also stored the necessary photographic parameter of main photography.Therefore, when main photography, read these photographic parameters by photographic parameter controller 65, each camera positions of determining by prescan are adjusted automatically the aperture divergence of X ray aperture 21, simultaneously according to the photography of the interval photography K of the photography rate f of the hope of each camera positions and hope, C arm 13 is being followed the tracks of contrast agent and is being moved to next camera positions.
So, by present embodiment 2, in prescan, be identified as the profile of contrast agent from the fluoroscopy image that obtains by this prescan, almost in real time according to this pattern recognition information obtain the aperture divergence, and be stored in the photographic parameter memorizer 64.Therefore, photographic parameter controller 65 is read the information of this aperture divergence from photographic parameter memorizer 64, is sent to X ray aperture controller 55 via system controller 51.Thus, in prescan, owing to almost one by one the aperture divergence of X ray aperture 21 is adjusted into by X ray aperture controller 55 specified values in real time, so can cross the X ray radiation in the zone of contrast agent in each camera positions shadow stream, and reduce the X ray exit dose to subject of this amount.
Because the blood flow at general illness position is that the flow velocity of contrast agent is slow,, can be set to narrow especially value in the aperture divergence of the position at illness position X ray aperture 21 by using the automatic following function corresponding this embodiment 2 with profile contrast agent.In the judgement at this illness position, the threshold value that also can rule of thumb be worth the threshold process of the difference component that is used for for example Figure 13, Figure 14 and amount of movement is set to suitable value.
In addition, use can be predicted the degree of the flow velocity of contrast agent thereafter based on the judgement tendency and the camera positions of the sampling instant in the past of this threshold process, this information of forecasting can be stored as a part of information of photographic parameter.This information of forecasting can be used for the aperture divergence of X ray aperture and the control of C arm, thus, the photographic parameter in the time of can controlling main the photography more accurately.For example can carry out the processing of this information of forecasting by profile processor 70.
In addition, according to present embodiment 2, according to the fluoroscopy image of each position that obtains by prescan the profile of contrast agent is identified as pattern, according to this pattern recognition information, be identified for the aperture divergence of the X ray aperture 21 of main each camera positions of photographing, the flow velocity of contrast agent, the photographic parameters such as translational speed of C arm 13, and store into automatically in the photographic parameter memorizer 64.Therefore, different with the foregoing description 1, Yi Bian the operator need not show fluoroscopy image behind prescan, Yi Bian the manual setting of the photographic parameter of each camera positions is set.Therefore, more strengthen operational assisting, significantly alleviated operational work.
And then, when main photography, read the photographic parameter of automatic setting by photographic parameter controller 65, and automatically send to X ray aperture controller 55 and holding device controller 57 as mentioned above via system controller 51.Therefore, when main photography, use the photographic parameter that is provided with automatically according to fluoroscopy image based on prescan, the same with the foregoing description 1, carry out the main photography of having adjusted aperture divergence and C arm translational speed automatically.
Consequently, the operator can manually carry out the move operation of C arm 13, and the person frees from operation element to make the associative operation, thereby can be absorbed on the image diagnosis that shows simultaneously with main photography.Therefore, significantly alleviated the operational work of operator, improved operating efficiency simultaneously and improved the precision of checking.
And then, the simplification on aforesaid operations and alleviate in, positively by locking switch 71 correspondences the situation during unusual take place.Operator (executor) press locking switch 71 during, this radiodiagnosis device normally moves, but taken place under the situation of abnormal failure at X-ray tube, C arm, top board etc., the operator can avoid the relevant abnormalities state by the pressing operation of the locking switch 71 pressed till being terminated at this moment always at once.
In addition, in the various embodiments described above, as X-ray detector 30, the structure that combines I.I.31 and television camera 32 via optical system 33 has been described, but can be applicable to that X-ray detector of the present invention might not be defined in this, also can be by the switch element of for example using photoconduction electrolemma that lonizing radiation are converted to electric charge etc. etc. to cover to form on the glass substrate and electric capacity and the plate radiation detector (Flat Panel Detector:FPD) that the semiconductor array that forms constitutes.In this case, I.I. controller 58 and television camera controller 59 are replaced into the FPD control assembly of control FPD.
In addition, in the various embodiments described above, illustrated that to make top board static, C arm 13 has been moved carry out the X ray photography, but according to circumstances, also can make C arm 13 static, carried out the X ray photography and top board 15 is moved.
Claims (12)
1. radiodiagnosis device is characterized in that comprising:
Produce the x-ray source of X ray;
Detect the X-ray detector of above-mentioned X ray;
Make above-mentioned x-ray source relative mutually, keep this x-ray source and X-ray detector simultaneously, the feasible spatial holding device that loads the sky of top board between this x-ray source and X-ray detector of subject with above-mentioned X-ray detector;
Make in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device one relatively to move with respect to another, photography is had an X-rayed in each position along the axon direction of this subject to the above-mentioned subject that injected contrast agent, obtains the panoramic photography device of the perspective picture of this each position;
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by this panoramic photography device, above-mentioned each position is provided with the photographic parameter setting device of the necessary photographic parameter of main photography;
According to the photographic parameter that is provided with by this photographic parameter setting device, make relatively mobile with respect to another, as the above-mentioned subject that has injected contrast agent to be carried out an above-mentioned master's photography main photographic attachment in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device.
2. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device constitutes the manual information corresponding to the operator, and above-mentioned photographic parameter is set.
3. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned main photographic attachment has the range of exposures control device, and it is according to above-mentioned photographic parameter, and control is injected above-mentioned X ray flow direction, that produce from above-mentioned x-ray source of contrast agent of above-mentioned subject to the range of exposures of above-mentioned subject.
4. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device with flow through corresponding to above-mentioned contrast agent in above-mentioned tested intravital speed, above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device one with respect to another relative moving speed as a device that is provided with of above-mentioned photographic parameter,
Above-mentioned range of exposures control device constitutes corresponding to above-mentioned translational speed, controls above-mentioned range of exposures.
5. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device will flow through the device that be provided with of the photography rate of above-mentioned tested intravital speed, X ray photography as above-mentioned photographic parameter corresponding to above-mentioned contrast agent,
Above-mentioned range of exposures control device constitutes corresponding to above-mentioned photography rate and controls above-mentioned range of exposures.
6. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
The position specified device that also possesses the specific part of specifying above-mentioned subject,
Above-mentioned range of exposures control device has with lower device: when having arrived the specific part that is provided with by above-mentioned position specified device in the position based on the above-mentioned X ray photography of above-mentioned main photographic attachment, above-mentioned range of exposures is controlled at the divergence of the above-mentioned specific part that is suitable for photographing.
7. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device constitutes the flow region of discerning above-mentioned contrast agent according to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device automatically, according to this recognition result above-mentioned photographic parameter is set.
8. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device possesses
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device,, calculate the accountant of the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent automatically by pattern recognition;
According to the result of calculation that calculates by this accountant, corresponding to the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent, the device that the aperture divergence of the above-mentioned X ray of above-mentioned each position is provided with as the part of above-mentioned photographic parameter,
Above-mentioned main photographic attachment possesses
Corresponding to the aperture divergence of above-mentioned X ray, the device of control X ray aperture.
9. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device possesses
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device,, calculate the accountant of the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent automatically by pattern recognition;
According to the result of calculation that calculates by this accountant, flowing velocity corresponding to above-mentioned contrast agent, with one in the above-mentioned top board of above-mentioned each position and above-mentioned holding device device that is provided with as the part of above-mentioned photographic parameter with respect to another relative moving speed
Above-mentioned main photographic attachment possesses
Corresponding to the relative moving speed of above-mentioned setting, control a device in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device with respect to another relative moving speed.
10. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned photographic parameter setting device possesses
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device,, calculate the accountant of the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent automatically by pattern recognition;
According to the result of calculation that calculates by this accountant, will be corresponding to one in the aperture divergence each above-mentioned position, above-mentioned X ray of the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent and above-mentioned top board, above-mentioned holding device device that is provided with as the part of above-mentioned photographic parameter with respect to another relative moving speed
Above-mentioned main photographic attachment possesses
Corresponding to the aperture divergence of above-mentioned X ray, the device of control X ray aperture;
Corresponding to the relative moving speed of above-mentioned setting, control a device in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device with respect to another relative moving speed.
11. radiodiagnosis device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: possess
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by above-mentioned panoramic photography device,, calculate the accountant of the flow region of above-mentioned contrast agent automatically by pattern recognition;
According to the result of calculation that calculates by this accountant, with based on the photography of the perspective picture of above-mentioned panoramic photography device concurrently, control the above-mentioned X ray that produces from above-mentioned x-ray source range of exposures control device in real time and automatically to the range of exposures of above-mentioned subject.
12. an X ray method for imaging is the X ray method for imaging of carrying out by the radiodiagnosis device, this radiodiagnosis device possesses: the x-ray source that produces X ray; Detect the X-ray detector of above-mentioned X ray; Make above-mentioned x-ray source relative mutually with above-mentioned X-ray detector, keep this x-ray source and X-ray detector simultaneously, the feasible spatial holding device that loads the sky of top board between this x-ray source and X-ray detector of subject is characterized in that comprising:
Make in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device one relatively to move, photography is had an X-rayed in each position along the axon direction of this subject of the above-mentioned subject that injected contrast agent, obtain the step of the perspective picture of this each position with respect to another;
According to the perspective picture of each position that obtains by the photography of this perspective, the time above-mentioned each position the step of the necessary photographic parameter of main photography is set;
According to the photographic parameter of this setting, make relatively mobile with respect to another, as the above-mentioned subject that has injected contrast agent to be carried out an above-mentioned master's photography step in above-mentioned top board and the above-mentioned holding device.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP364610/2002 | 2002-12-17 | ||
| JP2002364610 | 2002-12-17 | ||
| JP2003416900A JP4495958B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-15 | X-ray diagnostic apparatus and X-ray imaging method |
| JP416900/2003 | 2003-12-15 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1526360A true CN1526360A (en) | 2004-09-08 |
| CN1526360B CN1526360B (en) | 2010-04-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200310123115 Expired - Fee Related CN1526360B (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | X-ray diagnostic apparatus |
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| JP (1) | JP4495958B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1526360B (en) |
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| JP2004209239A (en) | 2004-07-29 |
| CN1526360B (en) | 2010-04-07 |
| JP4495958B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
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