CN1523623A - Copper base composite electric contact material - Google Patents
Copper base composite electric contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1523623A CN1523623A CNA031390382A CN03139038A CN1523623A CN 1523623 A CN1523623 A CN 1523623A CN A031390382 A CNA031390382 A CN A031390382A CN 03139038 A CN03139038 A CN 03139038A CN 1523623 A CN1523623 A CN 1523623A
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- copper
- contact material
- electric contact
- copper base
- conductivity ceramics
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Abstract
A copper base compound electric contact material includes the following components in weight percentage: conducting ceramic: 1-15%, graphite: 0.1-3%, one of Mo, w or their combination: 1~10%, Ni 0.2~4% with the rest for copper. Low or medium voltage electric appliances with the invented copper base contact material are good at electric and heat conduction, arc extinction, anti-fusion welding, anti-electric intrusion, anti-bond, low resistance, low temperature rise and high ratio of performance to price.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper base composite electric contact material that is used for low load field, belong to electrician's new material technology field.
(2) background technology
Electrical contact is one of key element of mesolow electrical equipment, and in the prior art, the electric contacts manufactured materials mainly contains silver-metal oxide, money base pseudo-alloy, silver-base alloy three major types based on silver-based electric contact material.This is that not oxidation under atmospheric conditions can keep low and stable character such as contact resistance because silver has high conductivity, high-termal conductivity and favorable mechanical processability.But silver is a kind of rare metal of costliness, resource scarcity, and silver content is to consume the maximum field of silver in the electrical equipment industry up to 60-95% in the silver-based electric contact material.In order to reduce cost, reduce the consumption of silver, the research and development low price, the contact material of dependable performance is significant.The work of this respect mainly concentrates in the research of copper-based electric contact material.Copper has and silver-colored much the same conductive capability, and its fusing point, thermal capacity and mechanical performance will be higher than silver, thereby are suitable for contact material.Not enough is, and metallic copper preserves in air and when using, under the effect of oxygen, steam and electric arc, be easy to cause the contact resistance instability in the very poor oxide layer of surface formation conductivity.The anti-electricity ablation and the anti-melting welding ability of metallic copper are also lower in addition.Therefore need in copper, add other element and compound formation alloy or composite material to improve its physical and chemical performance, make it satisfy the requirement of mesolow electric equipment products.Multinomial patent about copper-based electric contact material has been arranged at present, as in copper, adding carbon fiber, graphite, diamond, boron carbide, cadmium, rare earth metal, single oxide and halide etc.Though these schemes have effectively been improved the electrical property and the mechanical performance of copper-based material, do not accomplish that still contact material non-oxidizability, resistance fusion welding, anti-electricity are ablated and the optimum organization of mechanical performance, performance is compared big gap in addition with silver-based material.Therefore limited the range of application of copper-based material, influenced it and applied.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of low-resistivity, good, the anti-electricity of heat-conductivity conducting is ablated and anti-melting welding ability is strong, machining property is good novel copper-based composited contact material are provided.
Copper base composite electric contact material component of the present invention is as follows, all is weight percentage:
Conductivity ceramics 1～15%,
Graphite 0.1～3%,
One of Mo, W or its combination 1～10%,
Ni 0.2～4％，
Copper surplus.
Wherein above-mentioned conductivity ceramics is a kind of composite ceramics compound, and its chemical formula is: Re
1-xA
xT
1-yC
yO
z
Re is La, Pr, Sm, Eu, a kind of or its combination of Y rare earth element.
A is a kind of or its combination of Ba, Sr, Ca element, 0≤x≤0.5.
T is Cu, and Ni, Co, Mn, the Fe transition elements is a kind of or its combination.
C is Bi, Sb, Mo, the W element is a kind of or its combination, 0≤y≤0.3.
O is an oxygen element, 2≤z≤4.
The conductivity ceramics compound utilizes the high temperature solid state reaction of this area routine synthetic, and promptly at high temperature sintering carries out combination reaction generation conductivity ceramics compound.Also can be prepared by hydro thermal method, chemical coprecipitation or sol-gel processing.
The best proportioning of novel copper-based composited contact material of the present invention (weight ratio) is: conductivity ceramics 8%, and graphite 1%, Mo 2%, and W 1%, and Ni 2%, copper 86%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.6Y
0.07Sr
0.33Ni
0.55Fe
0.4W
0.05O
3
Copper base composite electric contact material of the present invention can utilize conventional powder metallurgy process manufacturing, and its simple technical flow is: take by weighing properly mixed conductivity ceramics, graphite, Mo, W, Ni, Cu powder; Under protective atmosphere, carry out mechanical ball milling and mix powder; The powder that mixes presses down at 10～150Mpa pressure forms type; Under protective atmosphere, 800～1050 ℃ of sintering temperatures 0.5～3 hour; Material behind the sintering is carried out multiple pressure under 300～500Mpa, make copper base composite electric contact material.In addition, this material also can utilize silver-based electric contact material hot-extrusion method commonly used to be prepared.
The present invention adopts the conductivity ceramics compound as main additive.The conductivity ceramics compound has that resistivity is little, fusing point and decomposition temperature height, and hardness is big, not oxidation, not labile characteristic under arcing.It is dispersed in the copper base matrix uniformly, can makes the composite material dispersion hardening that makes, overcome the not enough shortcoming of metallic copper hardness, improve the ability of ablation of material arc resistant and anti-melting welding.In the contact use conductivity ceramics of high rigidity closing force and moment electric arc effect under, the thin oxide layer of penetrable contact surface guarantees the conduction of contact.Because conductivity ceramics resistivity is very low, in the use, contact temperature rise is very little, can further reduce the loss of contact in addition.Except conductivity ceramics, this material also adds a small amount of graphite, Mo, W, Ni element.The adhesive force of graphite and metal is very low, adds graphite and can improve the resistance fusion welding of composite material, and can generate the reducing gas carbon monoxide under arcing, prevents the contact surface oxidation.It is ablative that interpolation Mo, W metal can improve material hardness and rub resistance and anti-electricity, a small amount of MoO that oxidation forms under arcing
3, WO
3Fusing point is low, can absorb arcing energy, and can improve the wettability of conductivity ceramics and copper, further improves the anti-electric ablation ability and the temperature characterisitic of contact, prolongs contact useful life.Ni can form the alloy of satisfactory mechanical property with copper, the oxygenation efficiency of copper when reducing cold conditions, and the contact resistance of reduction contact reduces temperature rise.
The copper base composite electric contact material resistivity of the present invention's preparation is low, heat conduction, good conductivity, contact resistance is little and stable, oxidation resistance is strong, and have excellent anti-electricity and ablate and anti-melting welding ability, and low price, nontoxic, processing characteristics is good, and technological process is simple, can utilize powder metallurgy or hot extrusion technique to prepare moulding.Material of the present invention need not be silver-colored, can save a large amount of precious metals.
Electrical performance test shows that contact material of the present invention has excellent electric performance under the medium load, can be comparable with silver-based electric contact material.Thereby can in very large range substitute existing silver-based electric contact material.
(4) embodiment
Embodiment 1:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 8%, and graphite 1%, Mo 2%, and W 1%, and Ni 2%, copper 86%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.6Y
0.07Sr
0.33Ni
0.55Fe
0.4W
0.05O
3
Take by weighing conductivity ceramics powder, graphite, Mo powder, W powder, Ni powder, copper powder according to said ratio; under protective atmosphere, carry out mechanical mix grinding; compression moulding under 100MPa pressure; then under inert gas shielding in 980 ℃ of sintering 2 hours; the multiple pressure under 400Mpa pressure obtains copper base composite electric contact material again.
Embodiment 2:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 6%, and graphite 0.5%, Mo 5%, and Ni 1.5%, copper 87%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.6Pr
0.07Sm
0.1Ca
0.23Cu
0.35Co
0.5Bi
0.05Mo
0.1O
3Preparation methods is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 10%, and graphite 1%, Mo 4%, and W 0.5%, Ni0.5%, copper 84%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.95Eu
0.05Fe
0.25Ni
0.75O
3Preparation methods is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 5%, and graphite 1.5%, Mo 1.5%, and W 0.5%, Ni0.5%, copper 91%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.85Pr
0.05Sr
0.1Cu
0.15Mn
0.75Bi
0.1O
3Preparation methods is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 1%, and graphite 2%, Mo 3%, and W 2%, Ni2%, copper 90%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.8Sm
0.1Ca
0.1Mn
0.95W
0.05O
3Preparation methods is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6:
By weight percentage, the composition of copper base composite electric contact material is: conductivity ceramics 15%, and graphite 0.2%, W 1%, and Ni 0.8%, copper 83%, wherein the conductivity ceramics composition is: La
0.7Eu
0.1Y
0.05Ba
0.15Mn
0.45Fe
0.45Sb
0.05W
0.05O
3Preparation methods is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7:
As described in embodiment 1, different is that conductivity ceramics consists of: La
0.6Pr
0.07Sm
0.1Ca
0.23Cu
0.35Co
0.5Bi
0.05Mo
0.1O
3
Embodiment 8:
As described in embodiment 1, different is that conductivity ceramics consists of: La
0.95Eu
0.05Fe
0.25Ni
0.75O
3
Embodiment 9:
As described in embodiment 1, different is that conductivity ceramics consists of: La
0.85Pr
0.05Sr
0.1Cu
0.15Mn
0.75Bi
0.1O
3
Embodiment 10:
As described in embodiment 1, different is that conductivity ceramics consists of: La
0.8Sm
0.1Ca
0.1Mn
0.95W
0.05O
3
With the copper base composite electric contact material that the method in the foregoing description is made, be processed into contact after, its density can reach 8.2～8.9g/cm
3, hardness 40～60 (HB), resistivity 2.1～3.5 μ Ω cm.
Claims (2)
1. copper base composite electric contact material is characterized in that component is as follows: conductivity ceramics 1～15%, and graphite 0.1～3%, one of Mo, W or its combination 1～10%, Ni 0.2～4%, and copper surplus all is weight percentage.
2. copper base composite electric contact material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described conductivity ceramics is a kind of composite ceramics compound, and its chemical formula is: Re
1-xA
xT
1-yC
yO
z
Re is La, Pr, Sm, Eu, a kind of or its combination of Y rare earth element;
A is a kind of or its combination of Ba, Sr, Ca element, 0≤x≤0.5;
T is Cu, and Ni, Co, Mn, the Fe transition elements is a kind of or its combination;
C is Bi, Sb, Mo, the W element is a kind of or its combination, 0≤y≤0.3;
O is an oxygen element, 2≤z≤4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03139038 CN1232994C (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Copper base composite electric contact material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03139038 CN1232994C (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Copper base composite electric contact material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1523623A true CN1523623A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| CN1232994C CN1232994C (en) | 2005-12-21 |
Family
ID=34286418
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03139038 Expired - Fee Related CN1232994C (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Copper base composite electric contact material |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101335102B (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-03-30 | 上海宝钢工业检测公司 | Copper based material for electric contact element |
| CN102044347A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-05-04 | 浙江乐银合金有限公司 | Preparation method and products of silver-copper-nickel-ceramic alloy contact material with high welding resistance |
| CN101800089B (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-04-11 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | Nanometer NbSe2 copper-base solid self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113913641A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Cu-Mo-G electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
-
2003
- 2003-09-09 CN CN 03139038 patent/CN1232994C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101335102B (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-03-30 | 上海宝钢工业检测公司 | Copper based material for electric contact element |
| CN101800089B (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-04-11 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | Nanometer NbSe2 copper-base solid self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102044347A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-05-04 | 浙江乐银合金有限公司 | Preparation method and products of silver-copper-nickel-ceramic alloy contact material with high welding resistance |
| CN102044347B (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2013-02-13 | 浙江乐银合金有限公司 | Preparation method and products of silver-copper-nickel-ceramic alloy contact material with high welding resistance |
| CN113913641A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Cu-Mo-G electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113913641B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-07-15 | 西安理工大学 | Cu-Mo-G electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1232994C (en) | 2005-12-21 |
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