CN1434900A - 用于储存势能的设备 - Google Patents

用于储存势能的设备 Download PDF

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CN1434900A
CN1434900A CN01809354A CN01809354A CN1434900A CN 1434900 A CN1434900 A CN 1434900A CN 01809354 A CN01809354 A CN 01809354A CN 01809354 A CN01809354 A CN 01809354A CN 1434900 A CN1434900 A CN 1434900A
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bent axle
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扎卡里亚·卡里尔·多尔
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    • F03B13/187—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem and the wom directly actuates the piston of a pump
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Abstract

描述了一种用于使用一个深的水体中的水来储存势能的设备。此设备包括一个缸体(1)，一个可滑动地与缸体相连接的活塞(2)，一个用于储存海水的立柱(3)，海水通过一进口(4)进入，该进口(4)与缸体/活塞相连通，和一个将缸体和立柱相互连通起来的连接管(5)。此设备还包括用于相对于缸体往复移动活塞的驱动装置，其中驱动装置是一个可驱动地与活塞相连的曲轴(6)和至少一个安装在曲轴上的用于平衡在立柱中储存的水所产生的压力的飞轮(7)。

Description

用于储存势能的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于使用一个深的水体中的水来储存势能的设备，它包括一个模件，此模件包括一个缸体，一个与缸体可滑动相连的活塞，一个用于从水体中储存水的立柱，水通过一个与缸体/活塞相连通的进口进入，还包括一个将缸体和立柱相互相通的连接管，其中，此设备还包括用于相对汽缸往复移动活塞的驱动装置。
背景技术
从英国的公开号为No.2068469的专利中可以获悉这样一种设备。此已知的设备的驱动装置由一个用于活塞往复运动的固定在活塞上的浮标构成。此浮标在适用此设备的海浪中自如地上下运动。这种已知的设备有一个缺点，即此浮标不能产生足够的力以推动活塞下行，或至少推动活塞下行至一个足够大的冲程以使水进入立柱。因此，此设备不是很有效。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于使用一个深的水体，如大海，中的水来储存势能的设备，此设备比现有技术中已知的设备更有效。
本发明由这样一种设备实现，其特征是，此驱动装置包括一个可驱动地与活塞相连的曲轴和至少一个安装在曲轴上的用于平衡在立柱中储存的水所产生的压力的飞轮。通过曲轴和飞轮，能够产生一个额外的动量，或作用力，以平衡在立柱中的压头。因此，曲柄和曲轴机构是一个把转动转换为往复运动的有效的办法。
在本发明的设备的一个实施例中，此驱动装置还包括一个与曲轴电或机械耦接的风车或风轮机。
在此设备的另一个实施例中，此驱动装置还包括用于把海水的垂直运动转换为曲轴的转动运动的装置。由海浪、波涛和潮汐产生的海水的运动在许多已知的用于能量转换的申请中被使用。在这方面，可以特别参照国际专利申请号为No.WO98/41758的申请，其中描述了用于由海水的垂直运动产生的能量进行转换的装置的实例。
此转换装置可以包括一个作用在海底上的结构和一个由海水的垂直运动产生的相对此结构进行滑动的并且机械地与曲轴耦接的浮体。在浮体和曲轴之间的机械的耦接最好由一个曲轴齿轮构成。另外，此转换装置可以包括一个在其壁上至少具有一个孔的中空体，以使海水自如地流入和流出中空体，还包括一个由海水的垂直运动产生的相对于中空体进行运动的浮体，它与中空体中的空间相连通，以改变其容量从而使在中空体中的流体流动。此流体的流动能够被用于直接驱动具有飞轮的曲轴。它也可以是借助一个由相对于中空体进行运动的浮体所产生的流体的流动间接地驱动曲轴。在这种情况下，此转换装置还包括一个与一个发电机耦接的涡轮机，以通过此流体的流动来转动涡轮机而此涡轮机驱动发电机，此发电机的转动产生电能。此电能被用来驱动曲轴。
在本发明中，此装置的此模件或每个模件最好还包括一个设置在进口的吸入阀和/或一个设置在连接管中的压力阀。在活塞的上行冲程中，水通过在进口中的吸入阀被吸入，而通向立柱的压力阀保持关闭。在活塞的下行冲程中，进口中的吸入阀关闭，而通向立柱的压力阀开启以使水通过连接管流入立柱并且储存在其中。已储存的水柱形成一个具有势能的压头。当需要时，此已储存的势能能够被恢复并且转换为电能。
附图说明
下面，本发明将参照附图进行详细的描述。
图1是一个显示了本发明的设备的第一实施例的透视图，
图2是一个显示了本发明的设备的第二实施例的透视图，
图3是一个显示了本发明的设备的第三实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，显示了一个用于使用一个深的水体，如大海，中的水来储存势能的设备的第一实施例。此设备包括一个或多个模件20。在图1-3的实施例中，此设备有六个以对称结构而设置的模件20。但是，其它的结构以及多于六个或少于六个的模件也是可以的。
每个模件20包括一个缸体1，一个可滑动地与此缸体1相连接的活塞2，一个用于储存海水的立柱3，海水通过一个进口4进入，该进口4与缸体/活塞1，2相连通，连接管5将缸体1和立柱3相互连接起来。因此，此设备包括一个与模件20的活塞2相连接的曲轴6和两个安装在曲轴6上的飞轮7，用于相对缸体1往复移动活塞2。在此第一实施例中，设置风车8，它与曲轴6电或机械耦接以使其转动。另外，每个活塞2都具有一个排放空气的空气阀9，在此设备被使用之前，它被夹在缸体1中的水和活塞2之间。
在图2中，显示了一个能量储存设备的第二实施例。为了转动曲轴6，此设备还包括一个作用于海底的结构10和一个由海水的垂直运动而产生的与结构10可相对运动的浮体11，而且此浮体借助一个曲轴齿轮12与曲轴6机械地耦接。结构10仅提供一个用于使浮体11围绕它的导向件。
根据图3的第三实施例，此设备包括一个在它的壁中设置有两个孔14的中空体13，以使海水自如地进出中空体13。此设备还包括一个由一个用于关闭中空体13的顶部的罩盖15和安装在罩盖15上的浮子16构成的浮体。此浮体15、16通过海水的垂直运动产生可相对于中空体13的运动，并且此浮体与中空体13中的空间连通，以改变它的容量，从而在中空体13中产生流体的流动。另外，一个涡轮机17和发电机18设置于罩盖15的出口19上，受动的流体由此流出。此涡轮机/发电机组17、18与曲轴6电耦接。因此，在这种情况下，流体的流动借助涡轮机/发电机组17、18间接地驱动曲轴6。除此之外，也可以用直接驱动曲轴6的流体流动。其中，涡轮机/发电机组17、18可以被省略。
在已示出的所有实施例中，每个模件20在它的进口4都有一个吸入阀21而在它的连接管5中都有一个压力阀22。两个阀21、22都是单向阀。因此，在通过曲轴6的转动而产生的活塞2的上行冲程中，水通过吸入阀21被吸入，而压力阀保持关闭。在通过曲轴6的转动而产生的活塞2的下行冲程中，吸入阀21关闭而压力阀22打开以使吸入的水进入立柱3并且储存在其中。在立柱3中已储存的水量形成具有势能的压头。当需要时，此储存的势能能够恢复并且转换为电能。每个立柱3都具有一个开口23，其中每个或所有的开口23(串联的或平行的)都朝向涡轮机/发电机组(在图中未示出)以把势能转换为电能。
虽然在图1-3中描述了模件20作用于海底，但是，也可以把这些模件20安装在陆地并且设置成用于与海水或另一个水体相连。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于使用一个深的水体中的水来储存势能的设备，它包括至少一个模件(20)，此模件包括一个缸体(1)，一个可相对此缸体滑动的活塞(2)，一个用于储存海水的立柱(3)，海水通过一进口(4)进入，该进口(4)与缸体/活塞相连通，以及一个将此缸体和此立柱相互连通的连接管(5)，其中，此设备还包括用于相对此缸体往复移动此活塞的驱动装置，其特征在于，此驱动装置包括一个可驱动地与此活塞相连的曲轴(6)和至少一个安装在曲轴上的用于平衡由立柱中储存的水产生的压力的飞轮(7)。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，此驱动装置还包括一个与曲轴电耦接的风车(8)或风轮机。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，此驱动装置还包括一个与此曲轴机械耦接的风车(8)或风轮机。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，此驱动装置还包括一个用于把海水的垂直运动转换为曲轴的旋转运动的装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，此转换装置包括一个作用在海底的结构(10)和一个浮体(11)，此浮体(11)由海水的垂直运动产生相对于此结构的运动并且此浮体(11)与此曲轴机械地耦接。
6.如权利要求5所述的设备，其特征在于，在此浮体和此曲轴之间的机械耦接由一个曲轴齿轮(12)构成。
7.如权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，此转换装置包括一个在其壁上至少有一个孔(14)的中空体(13)，以使海水自如地流入和流出此中空体，还包括一个浮体(15，16)，它由海水的垂直运动产生相对于此中空体的运动而且它与中空体中的空间相连通，以改变它的容量，从而导致流体在此中空体中流动。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，此转换装置还包括一个与一个发电机(18)耦接的涡轮机(17)。
9.如上述权利要求中的任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，一个吸入阀(21)设置在此模件或每个模件的进口中。
10.如上述权利要求中的任一顶所述的设备，其特征在于，一个压力阀(22)设置在此模件或每个模件的连接管中。
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