CN1434683A - 透气脚垫 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种应用于鞋子的鞋底、鞋垫或鞋根部分的脚垫(10),该脚垫(10)具有其上设有多个弹性突起(30)的上表面。这些突起(30)的顶面(32)形成一脚支承面,其中相邻突起(30)的相互平面间隔开的边缘形成了顶面的互补布置。相邻突起(30)的侧面(34)在其间限定出可将空气从脚下循环排出的空隙。当承受重压时,相邻突起(30)的顶面(32)相互接近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且均匀支承的脚支承面。本发明还描述了选择用于在承受重负载时对透气性、缓冲性和稳定舒适支承进行优化组合的结构。本发明还描述了选择设置用于脚的重负载部分的增强支承结构。
Description
本专利申请为1999年2月2日申请的美国专利申请No.09/243,074的部分延续申请,该文献在这里被引用作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及鞋类,具体地说涉及鞋底和脚垫,尤其涉及透气且缓冲的鞋底和脚垫。
背景技术
鞋业制造商一直致力于向消费者提供所期望的尽可能多的功能。除了满足传统的使脚避免受冷、热和其它伤害的需求之外,现代消费者希望在长距离行走时不再感到疲劳和疼痛,在走、跑和跳跃的时候尽量减少对关节和脊柱的冲击,可以很舒适地长时间站立,并且远离真菌的感染和脚臭。消费者还希望鞋子是轻的、耐久的、经济上可承受的、漂亮而且时尚的。在市场竞争面前,鞋业设计者必须面对这些无止境的需求的挑战,其中最关键的是设计出一个好的鞋底或者脚垫。
许多鞋底和脚垫的设计都显示出设计者尝试着通过使鞋底和脚垫变软和加厚来减少走路对人体的冲击。尽管这种设计可以减少冲击,但是这种设计方案往往不能使使用者避免疲劳和疼痛。这类设计采用的柔软材料,如泡沫塑料,通常是不耐久的,并且容易浸湿、被污染和产生臭味。在某些环境下,厚的橡胶鞋底或其他类似的材料会显得非常沉重。另外,厚的鞋底或脚垫在一些鞋子的款式中是不适用的。
过去有些鞋底和脚垫的设计结构尝试着使鞋的内部透气。这些结构从简单到复杂,有类似之处也各自有所不同。其中一种方法是采用各种相互连接的排气腔室、气囊、活门、喷口、管道、小孔等等。这一类专利有美国专利3,180,039;3,225,463;4,215,492;4,499,672;4,654,982;4,760,651;4,776,109;4,860,463;5,010,661;5,224,277;5,282,324;5,341,581;5,606,806;5,787,609;5,809,665;5,815,949;5,813,141;5,826,349。所示的结构大多数利用走路产生的动力来促使脚周围空气的搅动和交换。还有一些结构设计成能对脚形成缓冲。这些设计在不同程度上使产品变得更厚、更复杂、成本更高。另外这些设计在不同程度上为水和脏东西提供了不容易清洁的死角。最后,这些结构还容易破裂或产生其它损坏。
一种能够透气同时在某些时候使脚缓冲的相关方法通常是在鞋底或脚垫的上层和下层之间采用一种可压缩支撑结构。与这种设计类型相关的专利主要有美国专利3,716,930;4,223,455;4,364,186;4,590,689;4,674,203;4,910,882;5,035,068;5,619,809;5,669,161;5,675,914;5,845,418。所示结构在不同程度上仍然存在着与上述的厚、复杂、易脏和易损坏相关的缺点中的一些。
第三种透气设计采用具有肋条、珠子、液体单元、球形突起或者乳头状突起的鞋底或脚垫。有关这类设计的专利主要有美国专利4,685,224;4,831,749;5,167,999;5,607,749;5,694,705。所示的结构大部分是依靠走动产生的动力来使在脚和脚垫之间或者是各种类似于肋条、乳头状突起等之间或周围流动的空气搅动和交换。其中有一些结构被描述成支承、缓冲或按摩脚。虽然这些结构中的一些所提供的缓冲或支承小于穿戴者所想要得到的,但是它们大部分比上述两种设计更简单、轻巧以及更薄。这些更薄、更简单结构的通用性暗示出采用该总体方案可以优化产品的性能。
一直需要提供上述理想功能的优良组合的改进的鞋底和脚垫。尤其需要一种相对较薄、简单、容易制造、轻巧、耐用和透气性好的鞋底或脚垫,它能够为行走提供良好的支承、能够吸收冲击并且提供舒适的静态支承。
发明概述
本发明的一个目的在于提高鞋子制品的透气效果,更具体地说,就是利用体重对鞋底的循环加载来使空气在脚底下流动和交换。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种透气性、缓冲性和舒适静态支承的优良组合,更具体地说,就是当穿戴者走路的时候提供优良的透气性,而在不动或背负重负载时提供优良的舒适性。
本发明的另一个目的在于,当穿戴者走动时提供优良的透气性,而在穿戴者从事剧烈运动或作出突然运动时提供优良的支承。
本发明还有一个目的在于,在一种简单透气脚垫中提供上述优点,该脚垫可以是鞋子制品的永久的或可更换的一部分。
根据这些目的以及其它将要描述的和将变得清楚的目的,在根据本发明的示例性实施例中,该脚垫包括其尺寸和形状适合用来铺设在穿戴鞋子、软鞋等的脚下面的垫子。该垫子具有其上设有多个突起的上表面。每个突起具有顶面、多个侧面以及多条由所述侧面和所述顶面相交形成的边缘。多条边缘在相邻突起上成互相平行的关系。这些突起能够将施加在其上的向下压力传递给垫子。这些突起能够在第一状态和第二状态之间转变。第一种状态在所述向下的压力没有超出临界值的时候存在。第二种状态在所述向下的压力超过了临界值的时候存在。在第一状态下,所述突起的侧面与所述垫子的上表面一起在其间形成空隙。当处于第二种状态下时,突起的边缘邻接并形成基本上连续且均匀的支承表面。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,在突起之间形成的空隙的体积在开始施加所述向下压力时并且在该压力开始增加时减小。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个突起的边缘将突起的顶面限定为多边形。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个突起的边缘将突起的顶面限定为正多边形。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个突起的边缘将突起的顶面限定为正六边形。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一突起的边缘将其顶面限定为m边形,散布在多个第一突起之中的多个第二突起将其顶面限定为n边形。m和n为如此选择的整数,从而多个第一和第二突起的所有边缘在相邻的凸缘上设置成互相平行的关系。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个突起的边缘的尺寸是一致的。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一和第二突起分别具有第一和第二转变值。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一和第二突起分别具有顶面,该顶面的每个突起具有第一和第二表面区域。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,第一和第二多个突起分别具有第一和第二突起高度。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一和第二突起分别具有第一和第二转变值以及第一和第二突起高度,第一转变值大于第二转变值而且第一突起高度大于第二突起高度。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一和第二突起分别具有第一和第二转变值以及第一和第二突起高度,第一转变值大于第二转变值而第二突起高度大于第一突起高度。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,多个第一和第二突起分别限定了空隙体积与凸缘体积的比值。每个相应空隙体积根据相应多个突起的相邻突起的相应侧面和高度并且根据垫子的上表面来限定,每个相应突起体积根据这些突起的相应高度、侧面和顶面并且根据垫子的上表面来限定。
在根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例中,至少一个突起的顶面限定有空腔。
本发明的优点在于,在较轻或适度的压力作用下,这些突起将脚支承在垫子的上表面的上方,从而空气可以带走热量和湿气。
本发明的另一个优点在于,当透气性是最切实可行的并且最容易被穿戴者重视的时候,循环加载和卸载在运动过程中有助于空气在脚周围进行交换。该优点由以下事实所配合,即在这时候穿戴者的运动促进了脚底中的血液循环并且减少了与脚垫的突起相关的压力点的显著性。
本发明还有一个优点在于,在大静态负载的作用下,相邻突起的互补的、互相平行的且分开的边缘相互靠近,从而在穿戴者可能更重视舒适性、平稳支承胜过透气性时提供一种基本上连续且基本上均匀的支撑脚的表面。该优点由以下事实配合,即在穿戴者很少运动时,运动产生的透气效果是不能实现的,并且压力点可能使脚底循环局部不流畅。
本发明还有一个优点在于,当受到较大负载时,在脚垫的支撑脚的区域中的相邻突起容易相互对接接触,因此变得更能抵抗进一步的变形,从而在穿戴者重视支撑胜过透气性时可以提供更牢固的脚支撑表面。
本发明还有一个优点在于,在正常走路动作的一部分期间受到轻的且适度负载时,本发明通过透气的附加效果实现了缓冲,同时在走动和其它的更剧烈的运动的各部分期间受到的更大动态负载时,本发明牺牲了一定程度的缓冲性和一定程度的透气性以便为穿戴者的脚提供更牢固、更稳定的支撑。
附图的简要说明
为了进一步理解本发明的目的和优点,下面结合附图做进一步的详细说明,在这些附图中相似的部件被赋予相似的参考标号,其中:
图1为根据本发明的脚垫的一个优选实施例的平面图;
图2为被显示出放置在鞋子中的根据本发明的脚垫的侧面立剖视图;
图3为被显示出安装在拖鞋中的根据本发明的脚垫的侧面立剖视图;
图4为被显示出插入在鞋子中的根据本发明的脚垫的侧面立剖视图;
图5为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出多个六边形突起;
图6为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出多个方形突起;
图7为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出多个六边形突起,相邻突起的边缘靠在一起;
图8为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出多个三角形突起;
图9为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出四个布置在方形突起周围的八边形突起;
图10为根据本发明的脚垫的局部正视图,显示出实心突起;
图11为根据本发明的脚垫的局部正视图,显示出多个装有液体的突起,在每个突起上面设有衬垫;
图12为用于形成和密封装有流体的突起的设备的方框图;
图13为根据本发明的脚垫的平面图,显示出多个增强的支撑区域;
图14为沿着图13的直线14-14剖开的脚垫的剖视图;
图15为沿着图13的直线15-15剖开的脚垫的剖视图;
图16为根据本发明的脚垫的局部平面图,显示出在其顶面中形成有空腔的突起;
图17为根据本发明的脚垫的局部正视图,显示出在其顶面中形成有空腔的突起;
图18为根据本发明的脚垫构成为后跟部分的平面图。
优选实施例的详细说明
现在将参照图1对本发明进行说明,图1显示出大体上由标号10所示的根据本发明的脚垫的优选实施例。该优选实施例的脚垫10包括垫子22。该垫子22大体上是平的,而且成形为铺设在穿鞋者的脚下面。垫子22是通过由耐久、柔性材料如橡胶、塑料、皮革、纤维或这些材料的复合材料注塑成型、层压成型等方式形成。这些材料的示例有热塑性橡胶和聚氯乙烯。脚垫10的厚度范围较大,优选的范围为0.125至0.313英寸(0.318至0.795cm)。垫子22可以结合成并且形成作为鞋底的内部部分,或是单独成型然后通过粘接剂或其它的紧固方法连接。
继续参考图1,并且现在还参照图5和图9,垫子22具有主体24、周边26和上表面28。在垫子22的上表面28上形成有多个向上伸出的突起30。通常每个突起30具有顶面32、多个侧面34以及由顶面32和侧面34相交而限定的边缘36。在某些位置,例如在脚垫10的周边26处,一个或多个突起30可以是截顶的或连接在一起。如图1和更详细的图5所示,该优选实施例的突起30为六边形,布置成一种规则的蜂巢状图案,其中相邻突起30的边缘36以相互平行间隔开的关系彼此面对。如图9所示,该优选实施例的突起30与垫子主体24一体形成并且基本上高度一致。相邻突起30的侧面34与垫子22的上表面28形成向上开口的空隙38,该空隙38以格栅一样的方式在脚垫10的大部分区域上延伸。
在脚垫10的大部分区域内,突起30的顶面32提供脚支承面40。最通常的是,该脚支承面40基本上在整个脚垫10上延伸。更具体地说,当脚垫10在负载时和人的脚接触的时候,脚支承面42的宽度和位置最终由脚的形状、重量、位置和人的运动等因素决定。当人的脚底轻轻地搁在脚支承面40上时,突起30的顶面32将开始将脚支撑在位于垫子22的上表面28上方。在该情况下,空气在限定在突起30之间和其周围的空隙38中自由扩散和流动,从而带走水分和热量。这些好处通常包括使脚舒适和健康,同时也可延长鞋子的寿命。
在脚垫10的脚支承面中,每个突起30包含有大量的弹性材料如橡胶、氯丁橡胶、硅树脂等类似材料。因此当脚垫10承受更大的重量时,突起30将该增加的向下压力传递给垫子主体24,这样弹性的突起30产生变形。随着压力的增大,突起30的顶面32朝向衬垫主体24移动,并且相邻的突起30的侧面34和边缘36彼此相向地侧向移动。因而随着重量的增加,限定在脚底、垫子22的上表面28和相邻突起30之间的空隙38的高度和宽度将减小。随着重量增加,空隙体积减小,压力增大,空气被迫大体上朝向脚垫10的周边26流动。当人的重量离开脚垫时会发生相反的情况。一般来说,脚垫10的任何循环加载和卸载将交替地从脚支撑面40中排出空气并且将空气吸进脚支承面40中,从而使脚底透气。
继续参考图1,并且现在还参考图7,当根据本发明的脚垫10承受非常大的重量时,将相应非常大的向下压力传递到垫子主体24的突起30变形到这样一种程度,从而在脚支承面40上的相邻突起30的侧面34彼此接触,从而基本上消除了相邻突起30之间的空隙38。突起30几乎没有更多的空间体积来扩展,突起30变得更加能够抵抗进一步的变形,从而提供了一种更牢固的脚支承面40。另外具体参考图7,相邻突起30的相互平行间隔开的边缘36限定了相邻突起30的顶面32的互补布置,这样相邻突起30的顶面32彼此接近,从而提供了一种基本上连续且基本上均匀支撑的脚支承面40。
继续参考图1和图7,在该优选实施例中,相邻突起30之间的这种协作是在一种向下压力下实现的,该向下压力与被预定为由使用该脚垫的大多数人静止站立并且左右脚承重相等所施加的重量值相对应。例如,如果可接受的高百分比的人群需要具体尺码的脚垫(例如美国男人的9号脚垫)在静止站立在水平面上时估计承受的重量为60磅,那么在每只脚垫的脚支承面40内的突起30必须具有特定的尺寸和体积特性,这样相邻突起30的顶面32在脚垫承受了与每只脚上60磅重量相对应的向下压力时将相互接近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支撑的脚支承面40。如果垫子主体24或在垫子22之下的鞋底是不规则的或极易变形的,则为了在预定重量下获得所要求的结果,可以对突起30的尺寸或体积特性适当地进行一些进一步的调整。在本发明中,导致上述协作出现的向下压力被称为转变值。当然在给定的情况下,脚垫10的一些部分可以受到小于转变值的向下压力,而其它部分将受到大于转变值的向下压力。
该优选实施例的优点之一是在一种相对简单的通用脚垫中提供了透气性、缓冲性和舒适静态支承的优异组合。在透气性和静态支承之间实现了优异的平衡。本发明反映了这样一种认识:即当人们在活动时,特别是在走动时将最经常出现有利于脚底周围空气交换的循环加载和卸载。在该循环加载和卸载期间也会促进脚底的血液循环。因此由与脚垫10的突起30相对应的任何压力点不会产生不适。相反,该压力点确实可能会对长期经受重静载压力的脚产生不适。本发明反映了另一个认识是:当必须经受重静态负载时,则在均匀支撑的表面上会更舒适。在透气性不很重要的大负载情况下,本发明牺牲了透气性以便提供一种更加舒适的脚支承面40。
本发明还反映了这样一种认识:虽然许多人喜欢能够在走路时减轻身体冲击的鞋,但是许多人也喜欢能够提供牢固支撑的鞋,以便承载与旋转、飞奔、跳跃、避闪、跳舞、爬楼梯、失稳等活动中的动态负载。这时,许多人更关心的是鞋的牢固性和稳定支承性而不是鞋的缓冲作用。在一些正常行走动作期间所受到的较轻和中等载荷的情况下,由于突起30相对容易地循环膨胀和收缩进空隙体积中并且空气循环地排出和吸入,所以本发明在实现透气的同时,实现了缓冲作用。在其它行走和其它剧烈活动期间所受到的更重的动态负载的情况下,本发明牺牲了一定程度的缓冲性,以便提供一种更牢固更稳定的脚支撑面40。
参考图2和3,这些图分别显示出结合进鞋子或拖鞋的鞋底部分中的优选实施例。拖鞋一般在家中或长途飞行时相对不动期间穿着。当人坐着时,拖鞋可以只是支撑一条腿的部分重量。而且人们穿着拖鞋时很少进行激烈运动,并且很少需要吸收冲击或是支撑运动活动。因此,本发明的脚垫可以如此构成:即使在施加相对较轻的负载时,相邻突起30的顶面32也会相互靠近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面40。因此对于用在拖鞋中而言,所述转变值优选比用在工作靴或走路或运动鞋中的转变值更低。
脚垫的透气、缓冲、牢固和支承均匀性之间的权衡比较常取决于环境和穿戴者的个人喜好。更偏向支撑均匀性的折衷方案可以例如通过使用更软材料用于突起30、通过减少相邻突起30之间的距离、增加它们的高度、或是这些方法的任意组合来实现,从而使得相邻突起30间的顶面32更容易彼此靠近,并且提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面40,同时将相对更低的向下压力传递给垫子主体24中。
现在参考图10和11,另一个改变突起30特性的方法是在突起30中充进液体,如图10所示,垫子主体24以及突起30的顶面32和侧面34限定了内部可以装填气体、液体或胶粘性塑料材料的内部空间。这种结构可以在许多机器中的任一种上制成,这些机器用来模制聚合物或其它树脂材料的制品,将一定量的第二材料喷射进该制品中或者将该材料封闭在这些层之间并且将该第二材料密封在成品内。图11表示一种具有一个或多个与气体或流体源相连的气体或流体注入阀的注射模制设备。该设备穿刺突起30并通常在10~25磅/平方英寸的压力下在其中注射一定量的气体或液体。然后缩回阀门,受热树脂向内倒塌,从而将气体或流体密封在突起30中。
离开形成其顶面32和侧面34的突起30的部分的相对大部分树脂(在空气或流体被注射时)流进垫子本体24,从而使得突起30的侧面34变得较薄、较有柔性和收缩性。因此,当重量最终作用在突起30上时,陷在突起30内的材料受到压缩并且将更大部分的向下压力传递到垫子主体24。突起30的侧面34虽然坚固得足以限制住这些被压缩的材料,但是柔韧得足以产生起波纹、弯曲或折痕而不是产生压力点。
现在参考图4,该图显示出从鞋或靴子中取出过程中的根据本发明的脚垫的可插入并且可拆除的实施例。当脚垫的周边26与鞋内恰在鞋底之上的空间正好匹配时,该实施例的功能最佳,所以脚垫有很少滑移的空间。该实施例的一个优点在于它是可更换的,从而允许售卖者或使用者快捷方便地改变鞋类的通气、缓冲和支承特性。
现在参考图6、8和9,这些图显示出根据本发明的脚垫的其它优选实施例,其中这些突起30分别为矩形、三角形和混合形状。要理解的是,相邻突起30的边缘36在图6、8和9中所示的每一种示例性结构中以相互平行分隔开的关系彼此面对。图9举例说明了一种以上形状的突起30的排列,然而这些形状间呈互补排列。而且还要理解的是,在这些示例性结构中的每一种中,当突起30正在传递等于或大于转变值的向下压力时,相邻突起30的顶面32将会彼此靠近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面40。
现在参考图13、14和15,这些图描述了根据本发明的脚垫的其它优选实施例。图13显示出大体上由12表示的脚垫,垫子22、垫子主体24、周边26、上垫子表面28以及具有顶面32、侧面34和边缘36的突起30如前面参照图1所述的一样在其间限定有空隙38。在脚垫12的大部分上面,突起30的顶面32限定了脚支承面42。突起30包含有大量弹性材料并且可以相应于被施加在它们的顶面32上的向下压力而变形。如前面参照图1和7所述一样,突起30是可变形的,并且在它们之间形成的空隙体积可以响应于在活动其间被施加在突起30的顶面32上的向下压力的变化而改变。另外,如大体上参照图1和7所述一样并且如下面更详细地所述一样,多个相邻突起30在受到相对较大压力时相互协作,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面42。在由图13所表示的优选实施例中,在脚垫12的脚支承面42的脚后跟部分46、球形部分48和外缘部分50上限定了增强支承区域44。这些增强支承区域44设置成位于通常尤其是在工作和运动活动其间承受特别大的负载的脚的三个部分下面。
从图13中大体上可以看出,这些增强支承区域44内的每一个突起覆盖的面积要大于脚垫12其它部分中单个突起30覆盖的面积。然而在该实施例中和在上面图1中所示的实施例一样,在这些增强支承区域44的每一个的大部分上面,相邻突起30的边缘36以相互平行间隔开的关系彼此面对,并且形成边缘36和侧面34的大体上互补的布置。在这些增强支承区域44的每一个的大部分上面,当突起30正在传递等于或大于这些具体突起30的转变值的向下压力时,相邻突起30的顶面将彼此接近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面。
在图13中所示的实施例中,相邻突起30之间相隔开的边缘36形成有空隙38,即使突起30自身形状是不同的并且与脚垫12的其余部分上的突起30相比其面积通常更大,但是该空隙的宽度也是一致的。因此增强支承区域44内,突起30覆盖的面积要比该区域外的突起所覆盖的面积要大。因此与脚垫12其余区域的突起30相比,增强支承区域44的突起30膨胀空间体积更小。还要理解的是,这些突起30将更不容易响应于施加在它们上的任何向下压力而侧向膨胀,因此将提供一种比设在脚垫12其余部分上的表面更牢固的脚支承面。如果脚垫12打算为非常剧烈的躲闪或猛跑运动提供更牢固的支承,则与在这些加强区域44中的一个的给定部分上面的突起30相关的转变值与脚垫12其余部分上的突起30的转变值相比可以优选相对较高。
穿着有包括根据在图13所示的本发明实施例的脚垫的鞋子的人将在那些增强支承区域上享受增强的支承,脚的那些部分可以最有利地使用那种支承来负重、转向、跳跃、猛跑、攀登等等。另外,当增强支承区域44没有受到大加载的期间,在一定程度上将更希望透气性和缓冲性胜过支承均匀性。因此,本发明的该实施例实现了在透气性、缓冲性、牢固性和支承均匀性之间的优选平衡,并制作成对脚的特定部分作出变化。
继续参照图13并且另外现在还参照图14和15,这些附图描述了另一个优选实施例,其中在增强支承区域44中的突起30比在脚垫12其余部分上的突起30更高。图14、15表示如由图13大体上所示一样的脚垫12的球形部分48和后跟部分46的相应剖视图。当一个人的脚底轻轻地停靠在脚垫12上时,在加强支承区域44中的突起30的顶面32将开始把脚支承在垫子22的上表面28的上面,并且当所施加的负载还很轻时,在一定程度上仅仅通过接触在脚垫12的一部分上的突起30的顶面32支承脚底。因此,位于增强支承区域44之间的脚垫12的那些部分的透气性将提高。在该实施例中,在加强支承区域44中的突起30的高度最终是根据总体设计考虑和使用者的偏好来确定的,并且其范围一般在0.2到0.5英寸之间。优选的是,脚垫12的增强支承区域44和任意相邻区域之间突起高度的转变是逐渐的,从而避免了在相邻突起30之间和其边缘36之间的高度出现较大的不连续。
当一个人开始更重地站立在该脚垫12上时,弹性突起30会产生变形。当突起30的侧面34响应于脚垫12的任何轻柔的循环加载和卸载扩展或和收缩进空隙38中时可以同时享受到透气性和缓冲性。当施加更大的载荷从而在增强支承区域44中的突起30上的向下压力等于或超出那些突起30的转变值时,相邻突起30的顶面32将互相靠近,从而提供一种基本上连续的且基本上均匀支承的脚支承面。但是,由于具有比脚垫12其余部分上面的突起30更大的初始高度,所以在增强支承区域44中的突起30将可以提供更大的缓冲,因为它们的顶面32在给定的压力下将会被压缩更大的距离。这样,由图14和图15所示的实施例能够提高对于人脚的三个承载部分的支承和缓冲,并且能够整体提高脚的透气性。
现在参照图16和图17,这些图描述了根据本发明的脚垫的另一个示例性实施例,其中在至少一个突起30的顶面32中形成有空腔52。如所示一样的空腔52可以形成作为使突起30更容易响应于向下压力而变形的装置。在图17所示的优选实施例中,空腔52是圆柱形的,并且深度与突起30的高度一样,从而对于给顶空腔直径而言,可以提供最大的额外空隙体积。实际上,可以将多个这种空腔52加入到突起30中。空腔52的直径是有限制的,或者其形状也可以变为椭圆或者是其它类似形状,以便保持或提高突起30的顶面32在受重压下所提供的支承均匀性。
现在参考图18,该图显示出根据本发明的脚垫的示例性实施例,该脚垫包括用于鞋子的鞋底或鞋垫的后跟部分。如在14处大体上所示的后跟部分包括垫子22、垫子主体24、周边26、上垫子表面28以及具有顶面32、侧面32和边缘36的突起30,从而在它们之间形成有空隙38,并且具有如前面参照图13和图15所述的结构和协同作用。如前面参照图1-4所述一样,该后跟部分可以与鞋子的鞋底部分一体地形成,或者可以单独形成然后连接在或是铺设在鞋底上面。根据本发明的后跟部分的另一个可选实施例可以通过只是形成参照图1所述的那种脚垫的后跟的方式来提供,该后跟部分以与如图18所示相同的方式被切割并模制成为与鞋子的后跟部分相对应的形状。
虽然前面已经对根据本发明的脚垫的几个实施例进行了详细说明。但是应该理解的是,上述说明只是示例性的而不是对本发明进行限制。在脚垫上面可以设置有或没有纹理的覆盖层。在脚垫上面可以有一个有纹理或没有纹理的覆盖层。该脚垫无需覆盖鞋子的整个鞋底;它可以被用于、粘贴在、结合进鞋底的任何一个部分。具体地说,突起30不必只局限于正多边形或规则多边形,甚至可以不是多边形;只要维护相邻突起30之间相互协作可以形成弯曲形状。另外,在本发明内的切实可行的范围内,加强支承区44可以根据突起30的不同区域、高度或间隔,根据突起30的体积或根据这些变量的任意组合来限定。要理解的是,上述实施例以及没有提到的实际上无尽的实施例很容易落入在本发明的精神和范围内。因此,本发明将只由下面所述的权利要求来限定。
Claims (14)
1.一种脚垫,包括:
尺寸和形状设定成用来铺设在穿有鞋子、软鞋等的脚下方的垫子,所述垫子具有一上表面;
设置在所述上表面上的多个突起;
每个所述突起具有顶面、多个侧面和多个由所述侧面与所述顶面相交所限定的边缘;
多个所述边缘在相互接近的突起上成相互平行的关系;
所述突起设置成用来接受施加在其所述顶面上的向下压力,并且用来将所述向下压力传递给所述垫子;
所述突起能够在第一状态和第二状态之间转换,所述第一状态在所述向下压力不超过预定转变值时出现,所述第二状态在所述向下压力超过所述转变值时出现;
在所述第一状态下,所述突起的侧面与所述垫子的上表面一起在其间形成有空隙;
在所述第二状态下,所述突起的边缘邻接并形成基本上连续的且均匀支承的表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,所述空隙的体积随着所述向下压力的增加而减小。
3.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,多个所述突起的边缘将所述突起的顶面限定为多边形。
4.如权利要求3所述的脚垫,其特征在于,所述多个突起的边缘将所述突起的顶面限定为正多边形。
5.如权利要求3所述的脚垫,其特征在于,所述多个突起的边缘将所述突起的顶面限定为六边形。
6.如权利要求3所述的脚垫,其特征在于,所述多个第一突起的边缘将其所述顶面限定为m边形,分散在所述多个第一突起之中的多个第二突起的边缘将其所述顶面限定为n边形,m和n为如此选择的整数,以使得多个第一和第二突起的边缘在相互接近的突起上设置成相互平行的关系。
7.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,所述多个突起的边缘的尺寸是一致的。
8.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括分别具有第一和第二转变值的多个第一和第二突起。
9.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括其顶面的每个突起分别具有第一和第二表面积的多个第一和第二突起。
10.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括分别具有第一和第二突起高度的多个第一和第二突起。
11.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括分别具有第一和第二转变值以及第一和第二突起高度的多个第一和第二突起,所述第一转变值大于所述第二转变值,并且所述第一突起高度大于所述第二突起高度。
12.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括分别具有第一和第二转变值以及第一和第二突起高度的多个第一和第二突起,所述第一转变值大于所述第二转变值,并且所述第二突起高度大于所述第一突起高度。
13.如权利要求1所述的脚垫,其特征在于,包括分别具有第一和第二空隙体积与突起体积的比值的多个第一和第二突起;所述相应空隙体积的每一个都是根据所述相应多个突起的相互靠近的突起的相应高度和侧面并根据所述垫子的上表面来确定的,每一个所述相应突起的体积都是根据所述突起的相应高度、侧面和顶面并且根据所述垫子的上表面来确定的。
14.如权利要求1所述的垫子,其特征在于,至少一个所述突起的顶面限定出一空腔。
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JP2706909B2 (ja) | 1995-04-10 | 1998-01-28 | 辰彦 末永 | 靴の中敷および靴 |
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USD394940S (en) | 1996-01-29 | 1998-06-09 | Graham Edward Vint | Footwear sole |
USD394142S (en) | 1996-02-02 | 1998-05-12 | L'article Chaussant Europeen | Shoe sole |
USD379864S (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-06-17 | Asics Corporation | Shoe sole |
USD379259S (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-05-20 | Asics Corporation | Shoe sole |
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CN2274903Y (zh) | 1996-10-04 | 1998-02-25 | 吴百安 | 一种鞋或鞋垫的缓冲吸震装置 |
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USD389991S (en) | 1996-10-18 | 1998-02-03 | Vans, Inc. | Shoe sole sidewall |
USD388596S (en) | 1996-10-24 | 1998-01-06 | Nike, Inc. | Bottom surface of a shoe outsole |
USD383299S (en) | 1996-11-06 | 1997-09-09 | Nike, Inc. | Element of a shoe sole |
USD401040S (en) | 1996-11-19 | 1998-11-17 | Aerogroup International, Inc. | Surface ornamentation for a shoe sole |
USD401042S (en) | 1997-01-08 | 1998-11-17 | Howard Davis | Shoe sole |
USD395341S (en) | 1997-01-29 | 1998-06-23 | Greenberg Robert Y | Shoe outsole |
USD386590S (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1997-11-25 | Nike, Inc. | Element of a shoe sole |
USD389295S (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1998-01-20 | Michelle Kelchak | Shoe outsole |
US5826349A (en) | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-27 | Goss; Chauncey D. | Venilated shoe system |
US5813141A (en) | 1997-04-17 | 1998-09-29 | Cho; Woo Joo | Cushioning sole for footwear |
US5815949A (en) | 1997-06-10 | 1998-10-06 | Sessa; Raymond V. | Footwear insert providing air circulation |
USD404545S (en) | 1997-08-21 | 1999-01-26 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe |
USD395338S (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1998-06-23 | Nike, Inc. | Portion of a shoe |
US5845418A (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1998-12-08 | Chi; Kuan-Min | Ventilation insole with air chambers |
USD408618S (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1999-04-27 | Bbc International Ltd. | Shoe element |
USD409825S (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1999-05-18 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe bottom |
USD404898S (en) | 1998-01-30 | 1999-02-02 | Nike, Inc. | Portion of a bottom surface of a shoe sole |
USD404551S (en) | 1998-02-11 | 1999-01-26 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe bottom |
USD408977S (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-05-04 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined shoe bottom and periphery |
USD409361S (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1999-05-11 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined shoe bottom and periphery |
USD402457S (en) | 1998-02-26 | 1998-12-15 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe upper |
USD401045S (en) | 1998-03-24 | 1998-11-17 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe bottom |
USD408972S (en) | 1998-03-24 | 1999-05-04 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined periphery and shoe bottom |
USD408119S (en) | 1998-03-24 | 1999-04-20 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined shoe bottom and periphery |
USD404549S (en) | 1998-04-10 | 1999-01-26 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe bottom |
USD407891S (en) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-04-13 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Shoe bottom |
USD412612S (en) | 1998-08-06 | 1999-08-10 | The Timberland Company | Performance-oriented shoe |
USD414594S (en) | 1998-08-07 | 1999-10-05 | Calzaturificio S.C.A.R.P.A S.p.A. | Sports footwear sole |
USD409362S (en) | 1998-09-30 | 1999-05-11 | American Sporting Goods Corporation | Shoe sole |
USD412238S (en) | 1998-11-02 | 1999-07-27 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined shoe bottom and periphery |
USD414922S (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1999-10-12 | Skechers U.S.A., Inc. | Combined shoe bottom and periphery |
USD414319S (en) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-09-28 | Rugged Footwear Company | Shoe sole |
USD412051S (en) | 1999-01-08 | 1999-07-20 | Nike, Inc. | Outsole of a shoe |
USD413713S (en) | 1999-02-09 | 1999-09-14 | Bbc International, Ltd. | Shoe sole |
-
2000
- 2000-01-10 US US09/480,065 patent/US6178662B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-12 JP JP2001551334A patent/JP2003519514A/ja active Pending
- 2000-04-12 CN CN00819147A patent/CN1434683A/zh active Pending
- 2000-04-12 AU AU42363/00A patent/AU4236300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-12 KR KR1020027008928A patent/KR20020077379A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-12 CA CA002396400A patent/CA2396400A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-12 EP EP00922128A patent/EP1259133A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-12 WO PCT/US2000/009835 patent/WO2001050902A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-12 NZ NZ520424A patent/NZ520424A/xx unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111387642A (zh) * | 2015-03-10 | 2020-07-10 | 耐克创新有限合伙公司 | 具有拉胀结构的鞋中底组件和鞋外底构件 |
CN111387642B (zh) * | 2015-03-10 | 2021-11-26 | 耐克创新有限合伙公司 | 具有拉胀结构的鞋中底组件和鞋外底构件 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6178662B1 (en) | 2001-01-30 |
AU4236300A (en) | 2001-07-24 |
EP1259133A4 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
WO2001050902A1 (en) | 2001-07-19 |
EP1259133A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
KR20020077379A (ko) | 2002-10-11 |
NZ520424A (en) | 2002-11-26 |
CA2396400A1 (en) | 2001-07-19 |
JP2003519514A (ja) | 2003-06-24 |
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