Two technical backgrounds
Tealeaves is the traditional foreign exchange earning commodity of China, and Tea Production also is the traditional advantage industry, and is that mountain area, hills tea grower shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity and one of pillar industry that increases the local finance income always.At present, use chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, weed killer herbicide and other artificial measure that Tea Production is too much cause residue of pesticide in the tea products, and the tea products local flavor descends, various problems such as consumer's health is endangered also are the outstanding problems in the tealeaves foreign trade.Product is single, class is lower, and the tealeaves of production is primary product basically, and low and middle-grade tea added values such as summer autumn tea are all very low.
Product tea area, middle and lower reach of Yangtze River winter temperature is lower, and spring temperature gos up slower, and early morning tea kind negligible amounts, and the morning market well-known tea can not be met the need of market.Though culture techniques such as booth covering can be done sth. in advance spring tea exploitation 10-15 days, but cost of investment height, most of Tea Production units can not adopt, and there are differences between the color of booth covering tea product and the tea leaf quality under chemical quality and the natural conditions.High-quality tealeaves comprises spring tea morning of listing in early spring, and the tealeaves of pressing nuisanceless tealeaves, pollution-free food tealeaves, the production of organic food Tea Production operating provision and assert, and pollution-free food and organic tea production requirement are used or forbidding chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals less.Therefore, the exploitation in early spring of general tea place late, yield poorly, the tea place damage by disease and insect is serious, along with large tea productivity effect glides, famous-brand and high-quality tea is produced and sold fiery, the consumer is to the pursuit of high-quality tealeaves, Tea Production changes into by devoting exclusive attention to output pursues quality and economic benefit, presses for the growth regulation of the high-quality tealeaves of pure natural.The Tea Production conditioning agent of domestic market mainly contains the nutritional agents of chemosynthesis, the nutrition promoter and the synthetic hormone of natural component compound chemical material, and this does not meet the production of green tealeaves (AA level) and organic tea.The domestic technical measures that match with the high-quality Tea Production, no matter in research and application, lag behind the demand of high-quality Tea Production, particularly along with high-quality tea turns to famous brand tea, market is to the increase of high-quality tealeaves quantity and output requirement, the economic profit that high-quality tea brings to the producer, and the intensified competition of tea market, Tea Production will be increased sharply to the hope and the demand of the conditioning agent that high-quality tea is produced.
Current China tealeaves is the production and marketing sternness of low and middle-grade tea such as summer autumn tea particularly, and famous-brand and high-quality tea is profitable.At China's tea district production high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, can solve the outlet of low and middle-grade tealeaves, the rich selenium tea of production high-quality improves the tealeaves class, not only has the important commercial economic worth, and builds up people's health, protects the needs of people ' s health especially.China has 72% area to have scarce selenium in varying degrees, China tealeaves selenium content 0.01-0.10mgkg
-1, tealeaves is the rich long-pending stronger plant of selenium ability, and tealeaves integrates multiple nutrients and health-care components such as selenium and Tea Polyphenols, vitamin, tea polysaccharide, caffeine, and the selenium in the tealeaves is organic selenium more than 80%, and tealeaves is desirable benefit selenium resource.At China's tea district production high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, can solve the outlet of low and middle-grade tealeaves, produce rich selenium tea, improve the tealeaves class, not only have the important commercial economic worth, and build up people's health, protect the needs of people ' s health especially.Scarce selenium is worldwide problem, serious low selenium area, China place, and the whole nation has 72% area to have scarce selenium in varying degrees, produces selenium-enriched tea leaf by the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, improves tea leaf quality and economic worth.Selenium-enriched tea leaf production at present still belongs among a small circle the stage on a small scale, and selenium-enriched tea leaf is concerning the scarce selenium crowd on the scarce selenium ground that accounts for nearly 2/3rds areas in the whole nation, and the market demand is very big.On the one hand for a change in China people diet structure the selenium deficiency a kind of nutritional health food is provided, bring into play the advantage of China tealeaves big country simultaneously.Improve tealeaves nutritive value, economic benefits and tealeaves added value.
Three summary of the invention
Technical problem:
The purpose of this invention is to provide growth regulation of a kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf and using method thereof, conditioning agent is used for Tea Production, can produce the high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, and the tealeaves selenium content is by the selenium content 0.01-0.10mgkg of ordinary tea leaves
-1Bring up to selenium content greater than 1.0mgkg
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Technical scheme:
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf provided by the present invention is to produce by the following method:
(1) by weight, pig manure 2-3 part, silkworm faeces 1-2 part are dropped into fermentation vat, add water 1-2 part, add a cover fermentation 40-50 days, to there not being stink;
(2) add water 8-9 part, continue fermentation 30-40 days, the solid constituent to batching dissolves;
(3) zymotic fluid 100-200 order filters, and gets the conditioning agent mother liquor;
(4) add sodium selenite or sodium selenate 10-20kg by the 100L mother liquor, make it to dissolve and stir, do not have precipitation, get the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, get final product can.
The growth regulation of the selenium-enriched tea leaf of above-mentioned acquisition is stored concentration and is counted 100-2000gL with the selenium element
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The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf provided by the present invention is used for the production method of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, comprising:
At the tea tree germination period, the choosing cloudy day, or after fine at 4 o'clock in afternoon, every mu of tea place adds with the growth regulation of 100ml selenium-enriched tea leaf and sprays after water 400-500 doubly dilutes, spray in back 24 hours in case of raining, fill spray 1 time, a week can gather later, and the tealeaves that once sprays the back made is same batch of selenium-enriched tea leaf.Gather 2-4 after week at tealeaves, carry out the spraying of growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf once more as stated above, the selenium-enriched tea leaf of the made of gathering after the week is another batch.
Beneficial effect:
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf provided by the present invention and be used for the production method of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, its advantage and good effect are:
(1) the domestic growth regulation that does not still have selenium-enriched tea leaf can not satisfy the needs that rich selenium selenium-enriched tea leaf is produced.The present invention generates interior absorption conditioning agent by biotechnical processes with inorganic selenium and organic manure extract, and the physiologically active ingredient in the conditioning agent can effectively be absorbed by tealeaves, thereby realizes the safe and efficient production of selenium-enriched tea leaf.
(2) growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the present invention is used for the production of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, improves degeneration-resistant, the diseases and insect pests resistance of tea tree, promotes that tea tree early sends out, makes spring tea to exploit ahead of time 7-15 days, and spring tea (tea before bright) volume increase early is more than 20%.
(3) growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the present invention is used for the production of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, improves tealeaves selenium content and organic selenium content, and the tealeaves selenium content is greater than 1.0mgkg
-1, selenium contained in the selenium-enriched tea leaf is the selenium of organic form more than 80%, is the high selenium (table 1) of edible safety, bioavailability.
(4) growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the present invention is used for the production of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, improves the sense organ and the chemical quality of tealeaves: increase the sweet taste and the fragrance of tealeaves, reduce the bitter taste of tealeaves; Improve total amino acid content, Tea Polyphenols/amino acid, Vitamin C content and the ascorbic storage rate of tealeaves duration of storage (table 2, table 3, table 4) in the tealeaves.
(5) growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the present invention, be used for the production of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, improve the health care of tealeaves: improve rat blood and liver selenium content, improve rat blood and liver glutathione enzymic activity, reduce mda content, improve the blood superoxide dismutase activity, improve cytophagous phagocytic function (table 5, table 6, table 7).
Four embodiments
Embodiment 1: is produced from the tea district in Yixing
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, production method is as follows:
(1) by weight, pig manure 200kg, silkworm faeces 100kg are dropped into fermentation vat, add water 100kg, add a cover fermentation 40 days, to there not being stink;
(2) add water 800kg, continue fermentation 20 days, the solid constituent to batching dissolves;
(3) get zymotic fluid 100 orders and filter, get the growth regulation mother liquor of high-quality tealeaves;
(4) add sodium selenite 15kg by the 100L mother liquor, dissolve and stir, do not have precipitation, after reacting completely
Get the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, get final product can.The growth regulation of above-mentioned selenium-enriched tea leaf is used for the production method of high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf, comprising:
At the tea tree germination period, the growth regulation that sprays selenium-enriched tea leaf carries out the Routine Management of tealeaves in the tea tree blade face.1. growth regulation concentration, consumption and the spraying concentration of selenium-enriched tea leaf: the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf contains selenium element 150g/L, and tea place mu 80-100mL converts water 40-50kg foliage-spray.2. spray the time: on tea tree, spray, make the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf be absorbed in the high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf that young leaves and bud form.4 spray later in the afternoon, and avoid meeting rain.3. spraying method: artificial spreader or machine spray.4. management method: the Routine Management method of ordinary tea leaves.5. harvesting method: the routine of ordinary tea leaves is gathered and preparation method.6. processing method: the national standard according to GB 1354-1986 is carried out processing, becomes the best buy selenium-enriched tea leaf.7. exfactory inspection: the high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf must be through manufacturer's quality testing department by relevant criterion (as the selenium-enriched tea leaf company standard) after the assay was approved, and signing and issuing the quality certification can dispatch from the factory.The exfactory inspection project is: organoleptic indicator, moisture and selenium content etc.8. the growth regulation of using selenium-enriched tea leaf sprays the tea tree blade face, improves degeneration-resistant, the diseases and insect pests resistance of tea tree, promotes that tea tree early sends out, makes spring tea to exploit ahead of time 7-15 days, and spring tea (tea before bright) volume increase early is more than 20%.
Regulation by the assay method of selenium in the GB GB/T12399-1996 food detects.First batch of tealeaves selenium content producing reaches 1.96mg kg
-1, selenium 83.37% contained in the tealeaves is the selenium of organic form, is the high selenium of edible safety, bioavailability; The sense organ of tealeaves and chemical quality improve: the sweet taste of tealeaves from 3.5 ± 0.8 be increased to 8.3 ± 0.7, fragrance is increased to 7.3 ± 0.4 from 5.7 ± 0.4; The bitter taste of tealeaves from 8.3 ± 0.6 reduce to 5.1 ± 0.4, the astringent taste of tealeaves reduces to 5.1 ± 0.7 from 9.0 ± 0.7; Total amino acid content is from 39.5 ± 1.1g kg in the tealeaves
-1Bring up to 45.9 ± 2.7g kg
-1, polyphenol content is from 219.2 ± 2.5g kg
-1Reduce to 191.1 ± 2.6g kg
-1, Tea Polyphenols/amino acid reduces to 4.02 ± 0.25 from 5.60 ± 0.27; Vitamin C content is from 1.93 ± 0.08g kg
-1Bring up to 2.99 ± 0.11g kg
-1Tealeaves storage after 90 days ascorbic storage rate bring up to 72.22 from 65.28; Rat blood and liver selenium content are respectively from 0.05 ± 0.01 μ g ml
-1With 0.42 ± 0.12 μ g g
-1Bring up to 0.13 ± 0.04 μ g ml
-1With 1.19 ± 0.29 μ g g
-1Rat blood and liver glutathione enzymic activity are from 8.45 ± 1.30 U mg protein
-1With 63.05 ± 5.6 U mg protein
-1Bring up to 11.39 ± 0.75 U mg protein
-1With 81.22 ± 11.18U mg protein
-1The rat blood superoxide dismutase activity is from 6278.13 ± 290.13 U mgprotein
-1Bring up to 7335.75 ± 490.62 mg protein
-1Cytophagous percentage of rat and phagocytic index improve 11.79 ± 5.65% and 21.66 ± 8.82 (table 2 is to tables 7) from 8.38 ± 5.21% and 13.74 ± 8.72.
The content of the chemical form of selenium and organic selenium in table 1 selenium-enriched tea leaf
Tealeaves Se content organic selenium content organic selenium amount albumen Se content albumen selenium/organic process
(mg kg
-1) (mg kg
-1) (%) (mg kg
-1) selenium (%) contrast tealeaves 0.08 0.06 80.67 0.05 84.70 conditioning agent tealeaves 1.96 1.63 83.37 1.45 88.70
The growth regulation of table 2 selenium-enriched tea leaf is handled astringent taste bitter taste sweet taste fragrance contrast tealeaves 9.0 ± 0.7a to the influence of the organoleptic quality of summer green tea
*8.3 ± 0.6
a3.5 ± 0.8
a5.7 ± 0.4
aConditioning agent tealeaves 5.1 ± 0.7
b5.1 ± 0.4
b8.3 ± 0.7
b7.3 ± 0.4
b *Table lowercase alphabet differential different significantly (P<0.05) in the same row
The growth regulation of table 3 selenium-enriched tea leaf is to the effect of summer green tea chemical quality
Se content total amino acid content Tea Polyphenols phenol/ammonia ratio is handled
(mg kg
-1) (g kg
-1) (g kg
-1) contrast tealeaves 0.01 ± 0.01a
*39.5 ± 1.1
a219.2 ± 2.5
a5.60 ± 0.27
aConditioning agent tealeaves 1.86 ± 0.03
b45.9 ± 2.7
b191.1 ± 2.6
b4.02 ± 0.25
b *The growth regulation of different significantly (P<0.05) table 4 selenium-enriched tea leaf of table lowercase alphabet differential is between ascorbic content of green tea and tealeaves storage life in the same row
Ascorbic influence (g kg
-1) handle fresh green tea green tea storage green tea storage green tea storage 90 days after 60 days after 30 days
Vitamin C content contrast tealeaves 1.93 ± 0.08 behind the Vitamin C content Vitamin C content Vitamin C content
A*1.53 ± 0.06
a1.39 ± 0.04
a1.26 ± 0.02
aConditioning agent tealeaves 2.99 ± 0.11
c2.53 ± 0.04
c2.30 ± 0.18
c2.16 ± 0.34
b *Table lowercase alphabet differential different significantly (P<0.05) in the same row
The biological effectiveness of table 5 selenium-enriched tea leaf (rat experiment)
The selenium digestibility
*Se use efficiency
*Blood Se content liver Se content feeding feed is handled
(%) (%) (mg ml
-1) (mg kg
-1) contrast 84.00 65.38 0.05 ± 0.01
a0.42 ± 0.12
aSodium selenite 88.74 65.41 0.13 ± 0.03
b1.04 ± 0.16
bContrast tealeaves 86.69 68.00 0.10 ± 0.08
a0.50 ± 0.11
aConditioning agent tealeaves 87.27 68.05 0.13 ± 0.04
b1.19 ± 0.29
b *Selenium digestibility (%)=(taking in selenium-drainage selenium)/absorption selenium * 100;
*Se use efficiency (%)=(taking in selenium-drainage selenium-urine selenium)/absorption selenium * 100
Table 6 selenium-enriched tea leaf influences feed processing blood liver to activity of glutathione peroxidase in the rat tissue and mda content
The glutathione glutathione
Peroxidase malonaldehyde peroxidase malonaldehyde
(U mg protein
-1) (nmol ml
-1) (U mg protein
-1) (nmol g
-1) contrast 8.83 ± 1.02
a8.66 ± 1.92
a56.72 ± 1.87
a1.03 ± 0.12
aSodium selenite 11.55 ± 1.84
b7.09 ± 0.79
b65.08 ± 5.33
b0.86 ± 0.22
AbContrast tealeaves 8.45 ± 1.30
a7.36 ± 0.49
b63.05 ± 5.6
A, b0.88 ± 0.72
bConditioning agent tealeaves 11.39 ± 0.75
b6.41 ± 0.50
B, c81.22 ± 11.18
c0.88 ± 0.07
b *Table lowercase alphabet differential different significantly (P<0.05) in the same row
Table 7 selenium-enriched tea leaf is to the influence of the cytophagous phagocytic function of rat abdominal cavity
The active cytophagous percentage feed of blood superoxide dismutase is handled phagocytic index
(U mg protein
-1) (%) contrast 6029.25 ± 433.88
a6.84 ± 3.14
a10.32 ± 7.41
aSodium selenite 6581.38 ± 419.65
a9.78 ± 4.80
b19.26 ± 8.31
bContrast tealeaves 6278.13 ± 290.13
b8.38 ± 5.21
c13.74 ± 8.72
cConditioning agent tealeaves 7335.75 ± 490.62
Bc11.79 ± 5.65
b21.66 ± 8.82
b *The same row different significantly (P<0.05=of different lowercase alphabet differentials that gets the bid
Embodiment 2: the tea district is produced in the Lishui
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, production method is as follows:
(1) by weight, pig manure 250kg, silkworm faeces 150kg are dropped into fermentation vat, add water 150kg, add a cover fermentation 45 days, to there not being stink;
(2) add water 800kg, continue fermentation 25 days, the solid constituent to batching dissolves;
(3) get zymotic fluid 150 orders and filter, get the growth regulation mother liquor of selenium-enriched tea leaf;
(4) add sodium selenate 10kg by the 100kg mother liquor, dissolve and stir, do not have precipitation, after reacting completely
Get the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, get final product can.The growth regulation of the growth regulation of above-mentioned selenium-enriched tea leaf is used for the production method of selenium-enriched tea leaf, comprising:
At the tea tree germination period, the growth regulation that sprays selenium-enriched tea leaf carries out the Routine Management of tealeaves in the tea tree blade face.1. growth regulation concentration, consumption and the spraying concentration of selenium-enriched tea leaf: the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf contains selenium element 100g/L, and tea place mu 80-100mL converts water 40-50kg and uses.2. spray the time: the tealeaves phase of spraying is the germination period of tea tree.4 spray later in the afternoon, and avoid meeting rain.3. spraying method: artificial spreader or machine spray.4. management method: the Routine Management method of ordinary tea leaves.5. harvesting method: the conventional harvesting method of ordinary tea leaves.6. processing method: the national standard according to GB 1354-1986 is carried out processing, becomes the best buy selenium-enriched tea leaf.7. exfactory inspection: the high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf must be through manufacturer's quality testing department by relevant criterion (as the selenium-enriched tea leaf company standard) after the assay was approved, and signing and issuing the quality certification can dispatch from the factory.The exfactory inspection project is: organoleptic indicator, moisture and selenium content etc.8. the regulation by the assay method of selenium in the GB GB/T12399-1996 food detects, and first tealeaves of production and second batch of tealeaves selenium content all reach 1.46 ± 0.31mg kg
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Embodiment 3: the tea district is produced in the Wuxi
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf, production method is as follows:
(1) by weight, pig manure 300kg, silkworm faeces 200kg are dropped into fermentation vat, add water 100kg, add a cover fermentation 45 days, to there not being stink;
(2) add water 900kg, continue fermentation 30 days, the solid constituent to batching dissolves;
(3) get zymotic fluid 200 orders and filter the growth regulation mother liquor of selenium-enriched tea leaf;
(4) add sodium selenate 18kg by the 100kg mother liquor, dissolve and stir, do not have precipitation, after reacting completely
The growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf gets final product can.The growth regulation of above-mentioned selenium-enriched tea leaf is used for the production method of selenium-enriched tea leaf, comprising:
At the tea tree germination period, the growth regulation that sprays selenium-enriched tea leaf carries out the Routine Management of tealeaves in the tea tree blade face.1. growth regulation concentration, consumption and the spraying concentration of selenium-enriched tea leaf: the growth regulation of selenium-enriched tea leaf contains selenium element 180g/L, and tea place mu 80-100mL converts water 40-50kg and uses.2. spray the time: the phase of spraying is the tea tree germination period.4 spray later in the afternoon, and avoid meeting rain.3. spraying method: artificial spreader or machine spray.4. management method: the Routine Management method of ordinary tea leaves.5. harvesting method: the conventional harvesting method of ordinary tea leaves.6. processing method: the national standard according to GB 1354-1986 is carried out processing, become 7. exfactory inspections of best buy selenium-enriched tea leaf: the high-quality selenium-enriched tea leaf must be through manufacturer's quality testing department by relevant criterion (as the selenium-enriched tea leaf company standard) after the assay was approved, and signing and issuing the quality certification can dispatch from the factory.The exfactory inspection project is: organoleptic indicator, moisture and selenium content etc.8. the regulation by the assay method of selenium in the GB GB/T12399-1996 food detects, and first tealeaves of production and second batch of tealeaves selenium content all reach 2.46 ± 0.45mgkg
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