CN1420089A - 水净化设备及其方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于大量处理饮用水的设备和方法。该设备包括具有进水口的壳体;与进水口相连的过滤装置,该装置用于从水中过滤沉渣和粒状物质;进水泵,该泵使得水以一定的压力流经壳体;以及与过滤装置相连的混合床多媒体介质装置,该单元用于从水中去除污染物质且控制有机增长。还具有与混合床多媒体介质装置相连的紫外线处理装置,该装置用于将设备中的水置于紫外线的辐射下;碳块过滤装置,该装置用于在将水以一个或多个水分配的方式分配之前进行最后的过滤;以及一个位于壳体内的洗涤水瓶的装置,使用该装置以便在盛装净化水之前对瓶子进行清洁。该设备能够向整个社区供应饮用水,且足够小型以致于能够被容易地运送到灾区。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水净化设备以及净化饮用水的方法。尤其涉及一种水净化设备及其方法,通过该设备及其方法可将大量的浴用水净化成饮用水以供应整个社区使用。
背景技术
在发展中国家,饮用水受到污染已经成为一个很严重的问题,而且会因此导致广泛的传染和疾病。在一些水资源缺乏的国家,对于一般的市民来讲,购买净化水的费用是很昂贵的。另外,可得到的净化水量是很有限的。这种情形也在一些受到自然灾害(如飓风、地震以及洪水等)的地区暂时地存在。
在遭受自然灾害的地区,人们一般是将水利用大容积的容器运往灾区。这种方法不方便且费用极其昂贵。
人们已经设计出了许多处理大量饮用水的水净化设备。在一些现有的方法中,人们提出了利用过滤和化学消毒剂(如氯)来净化水。然而,化学消毒剂的使用也带来一些负面的效果,一些消毒剂(如氯)可以导致致癌物质的形成。
在发明人为Tempest,Jr的美国专利US5741416中,公开了一种解决上述问题的方法。在该专利中,水净化设备包括过滤器、用于氧化水中有机物的装置、消毒装置、抗病毒的装置、用于凝结胶粒的装置,以及化学消毒剂。在发明人为Hawkinson的美国专利US5728305以及发明人为Dempo的美国专利US5512178中,也公开了一些其它水处理设备。
虽然有许多设备能够将受污染的水转变为饮用水,但是存在的缺点是这些设备中使用有害化学品或该设备不易运送到灾区。另外,在现有的水净化设备中,未能提出一种对于需要水的人们以卫生的方式从处理设备中取水的方法。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种水净化设备,利用该设备能够将受到污染的水以廉价且简单的方式净化成饮用水。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种水净化设备,利用该设备处理水不会给水中带来任何潜在有害的化学品。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种水净化设备,该设备具有一种装置,通过该装置使得需要水的人们能够以卫生的方式取水。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种水净化设备,该设备可以被容易地运送到目的地。
本发明的上述目的可通过下述水净化设备得以实现。其中,该设备包括壳体;进水口;用于从水中过滤沉渣和粒状物质的过滤装置;进水泵,该泵用于使得水以一定的压力流经壳体;以及混合床多媒体介质单元,该单元用于从水中去除污染物质且控制有机增长。还具有紫外线处理装置,该装置用于将设备中的水置于紫外线的辐射下;碳块过滤装置,该装置用于过滤水中的有机物质;以及至少一个装置,该装置用于洗涤位于壳体内的水瓶;紧接着UV处理的是臭氧处理装置,该装置用于有效地消灭残余的细菌或有机物质。然后,被过滤的水通过分配装置被输送到洗涤过的瓶中。
该过滤装置最好包括一个大过滤装置和一个小过滤装置。该大过滤装置连接在水管路的输入管上且位于进水泵的前面。该大过滤装置为一个粗效过滤器,该过滤器用于去除粒径大于80微米的沉渣和粒状物质。通过壳体的外侧最好能够看到该单元以便过滤器能够被看到而方便维修。小过滤装置的设置起到防止泵、阀门等部件受到损坏、出现故障以及寿命缩短的作用。
小过滤器单元为筒式过滤器,且用于去除粒径为10微米以上,甚至0.35微米以上大小的粒状物质和沉渣。可以使用一个小过滤器,也可使用多个串联的小过滤器。利用进水泵使得进水的水流压力保持在60psi。进水泵最好被设置在大过滤器和小过滤器之间。
该混合床多媒体介质过滤器设置在该小过滤器的下游侧,且呈筒状,该筒内容纳有粒状活性炭、石英、以及含有铜锌的颗粒物。该石英作为分配介质,该活性炭用于去除水中的有机物质、气味以及可溶解的微粒。该铜锌物质被用于电蚀作用中以便去除氯、重金属、细菌、水藻以及真菌。由KDF销售的名称为KDF55的铜锌物质可用作混合床多媒体介质装置中的适宜的铜锌物质。当过滤器前后的压力差到达一预定值时,必须更换小过滤器和混合床多媒体介质装置。
该紫外线处理装置位于该混合床多媒体介质单元的下游侧,且包括一个UV灯泡,该灯泡发射强烈的紫外线光。在该紫外线的辐射作用下,可以将水中的微生物和细菌杀死。
紧接着UV处理步骤的为臭氧处理步骤,该臭氧处理步骤是利用穿过气流的电晕电弧进行。内含有臭氧的空气经由喷嘴射入水中。臭氧去除水中的有机物和微生物。对水进行消毒处理的物质为高效氧化剂。臭氧杀死细菌和病毒,且氧化重金属、去除异味。经过一段时间之后,臭氧转化成氧气。如果水在被臭氧处理之后立即将被饮用,那么必须从水中去除该臭氧,因为臭氧会使一些人产生恶心的现象。
借助分配泵的作用,将水从壳体以一定的压力分配到各个给水分配水头。在每个壳体内最好具有多个用于分配水的水头。
碳块过滤装置包括一个碳块过滤筒,该筒的作用在于将剩余颗粒和不溶解的有机物保留,这也是最后一道净化步骤。在该步骤中,也去除一些剩余臭氧。该过滤装置最好位于分配泵之后且在分配水头之前。
与分配泵相连有并联的管路,上述并联的管路连至一个或多个洗瓶点。该洗瓶点的设置用于洗涤开口直径为1-2.5的瓶子。设有一个清洁的液体喷嘴,该喷嘴用于将洗涤剂向上喷射到倒置的瓶子中。然后,将洗涤剂从瓶子中排除而进入壳体内的排水器中。然后,通过手动或自动的倒置喷嘴,用净化后的水冲洗该瓶子。洗涤周期包括洗涤、排水、冲洗三个周期,约花费10-30秒完成。期间,瓶子被从洗涤点移走,且准备用于在分配点盛水。该排水被排到污水管以便进行后处理以符合当地的环保要求。
壳体内最好设有备用电能发生器,该发生器与进水泵、分配泵、UV处理装置、臭氧处理装置以及沉渣混合器相连以便当断电时供应电力。
本发明的设备能够将浴用等级的水以简便、经济的方式进化成饮用水。本发明的设备能够以低的成本和维修费用实现将安全的饮用水供应到整个村庄。本发明的设备可被容易地利用拖车和直升机运到目的地。最好设有两个洗瓶点和四个分配水头,以便多个人可同时取水。本发明设备的供应饮用水水量为5000-20000加仑/天,而5000加仑/天的供应饮用水水量可满足大约2000-3000人的需要。通过改变每个组件的设计容量来提供不同的进水量,从而获得净化水的最佳量。
通过借助附图对本发明予以详细说明,本发明的其它目和特征将更加清楚。然而,值得注意的是,附图仅为解释性的,不用于限定本发明。
在以下的各幅附图中,其中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。
附图说明
图1为本发明的水净化设备的组件的方框图;
图2为本发明的水净化设备的正视图;
图3为本发明的水净化设备的俯视截面图。
具体实施方式
参照附图,其中图1为本发明的水净化设备10的所有组件的方框图。将井中的水通过入口11抽入到设备10中,然后经过大过滤器12将沉渣和大颗粒过滤除去。合适的大过滤器为R30BBA metek30u单元。然后,水经过进水泵13,该进水泵13用于使得设备中的水压力保持在60psi,该压力60psi为本发明的水净化设备的最佳压力。进水泵13最好为2马力75psig泵。经过泵13之后,水流经小过滤器14以使过滤除去较小颗粒。为此而设置的小过滤器为CPSBB Ametek过滤器。水然后从小过滤器14流到混合床多媒体介质过滤器15,该过滤器15为碳、石英、铜锌颗粒的混合物,如KDF55。经过混合床多媒体介质过滤器15之后,水受到UV处理16的紫外线辐射,该UV处理16包括一个紫外线灯泡(如由Pur Guard制造的灯泡)。然后将水送到臭氧处理17处进一步地净化。然后,水流到分配泵18处,该分配泵18最好为一个1马力50psig泵。因为大过滤器12、进水泵13、小过滤器14、混合床多媒体介质过滤器15、UV处理16、臭氧处理17、分配泵18等装置均可在市场上买到且在现有技术中公开,因此,此处不对上述装置进行详细的说明。
经过分配泵18之后,水流经一个最后的碳块过滤器19而进入一个或多个分配点20。同时,经过泵18之后,还设有一个并联的通向混合器21的水管路,在接收从分配点20来的净化水之前,该混合器21先接收洗涤剂,该洗涤剂由洗涤剂泵抽入且用于洗涤位于瓶子洗涤处的瓶子。
设备10的物理结构如图2和图3所示。设备10被封闭在一个壳体30内,人们可以接近该壳体以便取净化水。通过按压按钮34,使得分配水头32将净化后的水分配到位于分配点20的瓶子31中。在每个分配水头的下方设有一个搁板排水管35以便收集水滴和溢水。在壳体30内设有两个洗瓶点。如图所示,瓶子31被倒置在洗涤剂泵25的上方,该洗涤剂泵25向瓶子内喷射如一定量的洗涤剂混合物以便清洗瓶子。然后将洗涤剂混合物排到瓶子31的外面。然后,将瓶子放置在水泵26的上方,该水泵26以同样的方式将臭氧化的水喷射进入瓶子31中以便冲洗带有洗涤剂的瓶子。被洗涤之后,瓶子准备用于接收从分配水头32来的净化水。
除了UV处理16和碳块过滤器19之外,设备10的其它组件均表示在图3中(因为UV处理16和碳块过滤器19设置在臭氧处理的正下方)。一般地,设备10的用电是本地电力供应的。然而,如图3所示,设有一个备用发生器40,该备用发生器40用于当本地电源断电时向设备10供电。该备用发生器40在市场上可以买到,且可以为任一合适的发生器,例如选用220伏特5kw的John Deere汽油驱动的发生器。
虽然仅对本发明的一个实施例作了说明,但是,在不背离本发明的精神和范围的前提下,显然本发明还具有许多变化和改变的型式。
Claims (13)
1.一种用于净化水的设备,其特征在于:该设备包括:
一个壳体;
一个进水口,该进水口用于将待净化的水接收到壳体内;
一个与进水口相连的过滤装置,该过滤装置用于从水中过滤除去沉渣和粒状物质;
一个进水泵,该泵位于壳体内且与上述的过滤装置相连,该泵使得水以一定的压力流经壳体;
一个混合床多媒体介质装置,该装置位于壳体内且与上述的过滤装置相连,用于从水中去除污染物质且控制有机增长;
一个紫外线处理装置,该装置位于壳体内且与该混合床多媒体介质装置相连,用于将设备中的水置于紫外线的辐射下;
一个位于壳体内的碳块过滤装置,该装置用于过滤水中的有机物质;
至少一个装置,该装置用于洗涤位于壳体内的水瓶;
一个位于壳体内的分配装置,该装置用于将净化后的水分配到洗涤过的容器中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:还包括一个与UV处理装置相连的臭氧处理装置,该臭氧处理装置用于消灭水中的细菌和病毒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:洗涤水瓶的装置包括:
一个洗涤剂喷射装置,该洗涤剂喷射装置用于将一定量的洗涤剂向上喷射到倒置的瓶子中;
一个冲洗喷射装置,该冲洗喷射装置用于将一定量的冲洗水向上喷射到倒置的瓶子中以便冲洗带有洗涤剂的瓶子。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备,其特征在于:冲洗的喷射液为臭氧化的水。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:混合床多媒体介质装置包括粒状活性炭、高等级的石英和含有铜锌的颗粒。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:还包括一个位于壳体内的备用电能发生器,该备用电能发生器用于断电时向设备供电。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:分配装置包括一个分配泵和至少一个分配水头。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备,其特征在于:具有四个分配水头。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于:该过滤装置包括一个大过滤装置和一个小过滤装置,该大过滤装置设置在进口和进水泵之间,用于除去沉渣和大颗粒,该小过滤装置设置在进水泵和混合床多媒体介质装置之间,用于除去不溶解的微粒。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于;利用进水泵来使得水流压力保持在60psi。
11.根据权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于:该大过滤器用于去除粒径大于80微米的沉渣和粒状物质。
12.一种净化和分配饮用水的方法,其特征在于:包括:
使水通过大过滤器以便将沉渣和大颗粒过滤除去;
使水流经小过滤器以便过滤除去不溶解的颗粒;
使水流经混合床多媒体介质过滤器,以便除去除氯、有机物、异味、重金属、污染物、细菌、水藻以及真菌;
使水受到UV紫外线的辐射以便杀死微生物和细菌;
使臭氧化的空气流经上述水以便进一步地杀死微生物;
使水流经碳过滤器以便进一步地去除不溶解的有机物和颗粒;
将水分配到瓶子中。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于:还包括在分配水之前,利用自动洗瓶器对瓶子进行清洗。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/183,099 US6348155B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Water purification system and method |
CA2362107A CA2362107C (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-09 | Water purification system and method |
EP01126980A EP1310462B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-13 | Water purification system and method |
ES01126980T ES2281391T3 (es) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-13 | Sistema y procedimiento para la purificacion de agua. |
DE60126784T DE60126784T2 (de) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-13 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Wasserreinigung |
AT01126980T ATE354545T1 (de) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-13 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur wasserreinigung |
CNB011361875A CN1238279C (zh) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-21 | 水净化设备及其方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/183,099 US6348155B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 1998-10-30 | Water purification system and method |
CA2362107A CA2362107C (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-09 | Water purification system and method |
EP01126980A EP1310462B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-13 | Water purification system and method |
CNB011361875A CN1238279C (zh) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-11-21 | 水净化设备及其方法 |
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CN1420089A true CN1420089A (zh) | 2003-05-28 |
CN1238279C CN1238279C (zh) | 2006-01-25 |
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US (1) | US6348155B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1310462B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1238279C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE354545T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2362107C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60126784T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2281391T3 (zh) |
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-
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- 2001-11-13 AT AT01126980T patent/ATE354545T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-13 DE DE60126784T patent/DE60126784T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 EP EP01126980A patent/EP1310462B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 ES ES01126980T patent/ES2281391T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE60126784T2 (de) | 2007-10-25 |
EP1310462A1 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
US6348155B1 (en) | 2002-02-19 |
ATE354545T1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
EP1310462B1 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
CA2362107A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 |
DE60126784D1 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
CN1238279C (zh) | 2006-01-25 |
ES2281391T3 (es) | 2007-10-01 |
CA2362107C (en) | 2011-01-25 |
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