CN1409984A - Calcium and iron nutrient supplement for feed - Google Patents
Calcium and iron nutrient supplement for feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1409984A CN1409984A CN02153654A CN02153654A CN1409984A CN 1409984 A CN1409984 A CN 1409984A CN 02153654 A CN02153654 A CN 02153654A CN 02153654 A CN02153654 A CN 02153654A CN 1409984 A CN1409984 A CN 1409984A
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Abstract
A Ca-Fe additive for feed is prepared from malaytea scurfpen fruit (1200-1600 Wt. portions), coordination compound of calcium malate citrate (10-200 portions), and coordination compound of iron glycinate (1 portion) through the conventional process.
Description
(1) technical field under
The invention belongs to the composition that contains calcium constituent and ferro element simultaneously, with its nutrient fill-in as animal feed.
(2) background technology
Calcium and iron have important physical and biochemical function for multiple animal, particularly domestic animal, are the key factors that animal body is kept fit.Multiple animal is similar with the mankind to the needs of calcium, ferro element and the situation of calcium, asiderosis of taking place.When calcium and iron subalimentation occurring, cause multiple disease to take place.From the nutrition angle, the sufficient supplies of calcium and iron is extremely important for growing of young animal.Hypoferric anemia very easily takes place in for example nascent piglet soon.The class of laying eggs animal can be improved output under the situation of sufficient calcium supply.Along with animal feed sophistication more and more, the necessity that increases calcium and iron in feed is also more outstanding.Commercially available calcium tonic is of a great variety, but ubiquity solubility is low, calcium content is low and absorb low three big defectives.And when replenishing the calcium simultaneously and mending iron, a technical barrier is arranged: on chemical constitution, calcium and at a low price iron (ferrous) all be bivalent cation, absorb in vivo, in the metabolic process, contradict each other, antagonism, make the absorption rate of calcium constituent and ferro element very low.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composition that contains calcium constituent and ferro element simultaneously, this composition is as feed addictive, and calcium constituent wherein and ferro element can be absorbed by animal more fully.
The present invention seeks to realize: 1 part of 10～200 parts of ferrous glycine complex of 1200～1600 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes of Psoralea corylifolia by the preparation of the component of following weight proportion
Three kinds of composition consumption optimum ratios are: 1300～1500 parts of Psoralea corylifolias; 20～80 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes; 1 part of ferrous glycine complex.
Three kinds of best proportionings of composition consumption are: 1400 parts of Psoralea corylifolias; 40 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes; 1 part of ferrous glycine complex.
In the citric acid and calcium malate complex, element calcium is equivalent to five to 1/8th of its quality; In the ferrous glycine complex, elemental iron is equivalent to 1/5th of its quality.
Above-mentioned composition makes an addition to animal feed according to the application process of feed addictive by proper proportion, becomes the Animal nutrition fill-in.
Citric acid and calcium malate of the present invention is the complex (chelate) that calcium constituent forms by coordinate bond and citric acid malic acid; What the glycine iron rule was a ferro element by coordinate bond and amino acid is a kind of---the complex (chelate) that glycine forms.This class complex has unique advantage: 1. animal body absorptivity height.Because of it is a solubility humatite matter, in sour environment or alkaline environment, all can stably dissolve and do not produce precipitation, contained calcium and ferro element are absorbed easily.2. there is not side reaction.3. calcium constituent and the ferro element chemical property that exists with the complex form is stable, does not compete in animal body and rejection, has solved a difficult problem of replenishing the calcium simultaneously with iron.4. Chinese and Western medicine combination, Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia have warming kidney and enhancing yang, cure mainly the function of waist knee crymodynia, are used for feed and can promote absorbing of domestic animal calcium and iron.The compound formulation that the three makes has very high bioavilability.
Show that at the livestock nutrition effect observation that the present invention carried out the present invention has positive effect to treatment with the multiple disease relevant with calcium constituent and ferro element of prevention domestic animal; To promoting cub certain effect of having grown.Its outstanding feature is, raises the feed that has added the present composition as long as feed, and promptly can solve the problem that iron was replenished the calcium, mended to animal simultaneously, and animal growth is vigorous, and the increase of height, body weight is all fast than control group.
(4) specific embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment 1 produces powdery calcic iron feed additive
Citric acid and calcium malate complex finished product has powdery form and liquid form, and present embodiment is selected its powder attitude person for use.The ferrous glycine complex is a powdery." Psoralea corylifolia: citric acid and calcium malate complex: ferrous glycine complex=1400: 40: 1 " ratio takes by weighing three kinds of material medicines by weight, Psoralea corylifolia is pulverized, cross 120 mesh sieves, mix with citric acid and calcium malate complex, ferrous glycine complex, be calcic iron food additives.
Embodiment 2 produces calcium iron complexing agent nutrition oral administration (syrup) prescription: Psoralea corylifolia 1400g citric acid and calcium malate complex 30g ferrous glycine complex 1g amino acid 5g honey 100g granulated sugar 250g citric acid 2g essence is an amount of.
The preparation method:
1. with Psoralea corylifolia boiling 3 times, 2 hours for the first time, 1.5 hours for the second time, 1 hour for the third time.Collecting decoction filters, and filtrate is concentrated into about 1 liter, puts coldly, adds 1.5 liters of ethanol, stirs, and leaves standstill 24 hours, filters, and filtrate decompression is concentrated into the medicinal extract shape, with the suitable quantity of water dilution, filters, and is standby.
Granulated sugar is water-soluble 2., to filter, concentration is 65%, sterilization is chilled to below 30 ℃.Add honey, amino acid, citric acid, Psoralea corylifolia medicinal extract, citric acid and calcium malate complex, ferrous glycine complex, essence, add water to 1000 milliliters, mix, bottling, sterilization.Be used for directly feeding raising mammal, or admix feed, pour to feed in the drinking-water and raise.
Embodiment 3 preparation calcium iron nutrition milk prescriptions: fresh milk 100kg Psoralea corylifolia 18kg citric acid and calcium malate complex 600g ferrous glycine complex 25g granulated sugar 250g.
The preparation method: with Psoralea corylifolia boiling 3 times, 2 hours for the first time, 1.5 hours for the second time, 1 hour for the third time.Collecting decoction filters, and filtrate is concentrated into about 3000ml, mixes with fresh milk, adds granulated sugar, citric acid and calcium malate complex, ferrous glycine complex successively, mix, and with 100 ℃ of pasteurizations, sterilization in 5 seconds.Using method is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4 feeds add the influence of calcium iron complexing agent to the laying hen production performance
The test laying hen is a commodity egg commonly used on the market.Select 30 plumages laying hen in 43 age in week the laying hen group from 48 ages in week, take single cage to raise, carried out for 1～2 all trial test phases before test formally begins, the situation of laying eggs of observing each laying hen is eliminated the relatively poor laying hen of production performance, and in time replenishes.Be divided into two groups then, every group 15 plumage is respectively test group and control group, takes singly to dote on raising, two groups of full price commercial feeds of all feeding.The test group feed adds the calcium iron complexing agent of pressing embodiment 1 preparation, and control group does not then add.The ratio that the test group feed adds calcium iron complexing agent is 1/10000 of a feed weight, is equivalent to calcium constituent 20mg/ day plumage approximately.
(1) content measurement: the feed consumption (feed intake), laying rate, the egg size that write down chicken every day.Experimental period, carried out for 9 weeks altogether.
(2) result of the test
(1) laying rate: in the test, the test group laying rate of adding calcium iron complexing agent is significantly higher than un-added control group (P＜0.01), and full phase Zhou Pingjun laying rate differs more than 5 percentage points, sees table 1 for details.
Table 1 test group and control group laying rate be (%) relatively
| Test all numbers | 1 | ?2 | ?3 | ?4 | ?5 | ?6 | ?7 | ?8 | ?9 | On average |
| Control group | 93.3 | ?81.9 | ?82.9 | ?87.6 | ?85.7 | ?76.2 | ?86.7 | ?81.9 | ?81.0 | ???84.1±4.9 |
| Test group | 93.3 | ?87.6 | ?88.6 | ?90.5 | ?94.3 | ?87.6 | ?86.7 | ?89.5 | ?86.7 | ???89.4±2.8 |
(2) egg size
1. all average egg weights: be respectively 69.95g and 67.59g at test full phase test group and control group average egg weight, test group is higher than control group, but their differences not significantly (P＞0.05).
The all average egg weights of table 2 test group and control group are (g/ piece) relatively
| Test all numbers | ??1 | ??2 | ?3 | ?4 | ?5 | ?6 | ?7 | ?8 | ?9 | On average |
| Test group | ?66.6 | ?65.7 | ?67.0 | ?68.3 | ?67.1 | ?68.1 | ?68.2 | ?69.0 | ?68.4 | ??67.6±1.1 |
| Control group | ?66.5 | ?63.2 | ?65.0 | ?66.2 | ?66.9 | ?66.1 | ?65.5 | ?67.5 | ?66.6 | ??66.0±1.3 |
2. all gross output egg sizes: experimental period test group and the control group gross weight of laying eggs weekly list in table 3.The mean value in nine weeks is respectively 6.18kg and 48.98kg, and the egg test group of being produced weekly is significantly more than (P＜0.01).
The all total egg sizes of table 3 test group and control group are (kg) relatively
| Test all numbers | ?1 | ??2 | ???3 | ???4 | ???5 | ???6 | ???7 | ???8 | ???9 | On average |
| Test group | ?5.35 | ??5.68 | ??6.01 | ??5.89 | ??6.61 | ??6.38 | ??6.75 | ??7.04 | ??6.34 | ??6.18 |
| Control group | ?5.59 | ??4.65 | ??4.45 | ??4.04 | ??4.67 | ??5.64 | ??5.20 | ??5.51 | ??5.11 | ??4.98 |
Feed intake: table 6 shows that in the test period, two groups of feed consumptions all show slightly the trend that progressively increases, may be relevant with the progressively reduction of temperature.Test that the average day feed consumption of laying hen is respectively 111.2g/ plumage sky and 112.2g/ plumage sky between two groups of full phases.Two groups of day feed consumption indifferences (P＞0.05).
Table 4 test group and control group feed intake be (g/ plumage sky) relatively
| Test all numbers | ???1 | ???2 | ??3 | ??4 | ???5 | ???6 | ????7 | ????8 | ???9 | On average |
| Test group | ?106.2 | ?106.6 | ?106.1 | ?108.0 | ?112.9 | ?109.0 | ??118.1 | ?114.2 | ?119.6 | ?111.2 |
| Control group | ?106.2 | ?105.2 | ?108.8 | ?104.3 | ?110.3 | ?114.8 | ??120.2 | ?117.9 | ?122.1 | ?112.2 |
| Temperature | ?29.04 | ?27.49 | ?26.71 | ?24.41 | ?25.28 | ?20.90 | ??18.83 | ?18.62 | ?16.71 | ?21.87 |
Feedstuff-egg ratio: as shown in Table 7, the test group feedstuff-egg ratio will be got well (P＜0.01) than control group, full phase feedstuff-egg ratio difference average out to 1.90: 1,2.34: 1.All feedstuff-egg ratios of two groups of laying hen the bests are respectively, and the 2nd week of test group is 1.77: 1, and the 6th week of control group is 2.03: 1.
Table 5 test group and control group feedstuff-egg ratio are relatively
| Test all numbers | 1 | ?2 | ?3 | ?4 | ?5 | ?6 | ?7 | ?8 | ?9 | On average |
| Test group | 2.02 | ?1.77 | ?1.90 | ?1.91 | ?1.79 | ?1.83 | ?1.89 | ?1.99 | ?2.01 | ?1.90 |
| Control group | 2.17 | ?2.49 | ?2.67 | ?2.34 | ?2.52 | ?2.03 | ?2.38 | ?2.11 | ?2.38 | ?2.34 |
Conclusion
Rise and add calcium iron complexing agent of the present invention in the middle and later periods (this test was 48 ages in week) that laying hen is laid eggs, help the raising of egg production.
Because feedstuff-egg ratio is subjected to the influence of egg production to be greater than feed intake, though thereby feed intake has increased add calcium iron complexing agent in the laying hen that height is laid eggs age after, but the synthesis display feedstuff-egg ratio has the trend of improvement on the contrary, also promptly add calcium iron complexing agent of the present invention, can't influence the feedstuff-egg ratio conversion of favourable feed on the contrary in the middle and later periods (after 48 ages in week) that laying hen is laid eggs.
Embodiment 5 replenishes that calcium iron complexing agents grow to suckling pig and the influence of blood physiology biochemical indicator
Hypoferric anemia very easily takes place in nascent piglet soon, weak dispirited, anorexia, undergrowth, diarrhea occur, even dead.Common way is to inject at piglet birth back 3-4 age in days to mend iron at present.This experiment compares by supplementary copy invention calcium iron complexing agent and the conventional iron processes of mending, and observes the variation of suckling pig Growth Traits, incubation rate and relevant blood physiology biochemical indicator.
1. the selection of test pig and test method
Selecting the close and birth weight difference of age in days, inapparent to amount to 92 piglets of 9 nests be test pig, Random assignment test group, control group, each 3 nest of blank group.
The test group piglet is brought into use the calcium iron complexing agent nutrition milk of preparing by embodiment 3 methods from 3 ages in days, and every 100ml milk contains ferro element 5mg.With bottle feeding, every day 1 time, each 200ml is equivalent to ferro element 10mg, totally 4 days.
Control group piglet 3 age in days neck degree of depth intramuscular injection iron-dextrins after birth are mended chalybeate 150mg.Used iron-dextrin is fastened extra large animal pharmaceutical factory and is produced, every milliliter of iron content 50mg.
Blank group 3 nest piglets, the other material that adds any calcic, iron in feed.
Each group all in same farrowing house, raise in cages by milking sow, natural lactation, and diet is identical with the number of times of feeding, and automatic drinking bowl supplies water.7 ages in days begin to lure material, measure quantity-unlimiting.35 ages in days finish test.
2. mensuration project and method
(1) weightening finish and the price of deed: weigh by head respectively when, 21 ages in days nascent and 35 ages in days, calculate daily gain and be female, the pig starter feed consumption of unit statistics with the nest piglet.
(2) pullorum disease incidence and piglet incubation rate: observe the pullorum disease incidence every day, add up 35 age in days incubation rates.
(3) blood physiology biochemical indicator: every nest pig is measured 2, all takes blood sample from supplying to try the pig jugular vein when 0,7,14,21 ages in days.Measure content of hemoglobin with the cyan-methemoglobin method; Measure the blood plasma iron content with two pyridine colorimetric methods; The mensuration of plasma transferrins is with surveying the blood plasma total iron binding capacity earlier, uses formula " plasma transferrins (mg/L)={ blood plasma total iron binding capacity (mg/L) * 77000}/112 " to calculate again and gets.
3. result of the test
(1) weight gain of piglets and efficiency of feed utilization: each group sees Table 1 for individual weight, daily gain and the food consumption of examination piglet.
Each group weightening finish of table 1 and efficiency of feed utilization be (unit: kg, g, %) relatively
| Project | Test group | Mend the iron control group | The blank group |
| Nascent litter weight | ????14.02 | ????13.77 | ????14.07 |
| Nascent individual weight | ????1.201 | ????1.203 | ????1.206 |
| 21 age in days litter weights | ????63.21 | ????61.51 | ????60.57 |
| 21 age in days individual weights | ????5.52 | ????5.59 | ????5.34 |
| 35 age in days litter weights | ????96.40 | ????91.36 | ????88.37 |
| 35 age in days individual weights | ????8.51 | ????8.39 | ????8.03 |
| 1～21 age in days daily gain | ????205.67 | ????208.90 | ????197.05 |
| 1～21 age in days weightening finish index | ????104.37 | ????106.01 | ????100 |
| 21～35 age in days daily gains | ????213.57 | ????200.00 | ????192.14 |
| 21～35 ages in days weightening finish index | ????111.15 | ????104.91 | ????100 |
| Full phase daily gain | ????208.83 | ????205.34 | ????195.07 |
| The weightening finish index | ????107.05 | ????105.26 | ????100 |
| 1～35 age in days sow feed consumption rate | ????556.97 | ????538.67 | ????546.3 |
| The material anharmonic ratio | ????2.254∶1 | ????2.314∶1 | ????2.451∶1 |
Result of the test shows that test group and benefit iron control group 21 ages in days, 35 age in days individual weights, daily gain index obviously are better than the blank group, significant difference (P＜0.01); Between test group and the benefit iron control group height is arranged mutually, but difference with insignificance.35 ages in days are from milk individual weight and material anharmonic ratio index, test group and mend the iron control group and obviously be better than the blank group, and significant difference (P＜0.01), test group is better than again mending the iron control group, but difference not significantly (P＞0.05).The material anharmonic ratio also is that test group is better than mending iron control group and blank group.
(2) sick incidence of the white scour of piglet and 35 ages in days see Table 2 from the milk incubation rate.
Sick incidence of table 2 white scour of piglet and 35 age in days incubation rates
| Project | Test group | Mend the iron control group | The blank group |
| A number of participating in the experiment | ????105 | ????103 | ????35 |
| A dysentery characterized by white mucous stool morbidity number | ????21 | ????33 | ????13 |
| The dysentery characterized by white mucous stool incidence | ????20.00 | ????32.04 | ????42.86 |
| A dead number | ????3 | ????5 | ????2 |
| 35 age in days incubation rates | ????97.14 | ????95.15 | ????94.29 |
In process of the test, see that test group, benefit iron control group, the sick incidence of the blank group white scour of piglet increase progressively successively, and be minimum with the test group morbidity every day by table 2 to observe the New Development repiece number of pullorum disease for the examination swinery.The gesture that 35 ages in days taper off again in above-mentioned three groups from the milk incubation rate, the test group incubation rate is the highest.
(3) blood physiology biochemical indicator: erythrocyte number, content of hemoglobin, blood plasma iron content, plasma transferrins content are all than blank group height (table 3) in test group, the benefit iron control group piglet blood, significant difference (P＜0.05), test group is than mending iron control group height.
Table 3 blood physiology biochemical indicator level
| Project | Age in days | Test group | Mend the iron control group | The blank group |
| Red blood cell (* 10 6/ml) | ????0 | ????4.59 | ????4.52 | ????4.77 |
| ????7 | ????5.35 | ????4.52 | ????4.15 | |
| ????14 | ????4.95 | ????4.69 | ????- | |
| ????21 | ????6.09 | ????5.03 | ????4.28 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/100ml) | ????0 | ????6.53 | ????6.31 | ????5.58 |
| ????7 | ????7.12 | ????7,31 | ????5.90 | |
| ????14 | ????8.07 | ????8.19 | ????6.85 | |
| ????21 | ????9.01 | ????8.91 | ????7.10 | |
| Blood plasma iron (μ g/100ml) | ????0 | ????171.09 | ????183.03 | ????165.48 |
| ????7 | ????186.45 | ????194.45 | ????169.57 | |
| ????14 | ????222.80 | ????219.53 | ????185.82 | |
| ????21 | ????229.49 | ????226.41 | ????203.93 | |
| Plasma transferrins (μ g/ml) | ????0 | ????2187.76 | ????2340.55 | ????2116.07 |
| ????7 | ????2383.95 | ????2486.51 | ????2168.38 | |
| ????14 | ????2849.03 | ????2807.23 | ????2376.13 | |
| ????21 | ????2934.54 | ????2893.58 | ????2607.71 |
(4) relative value of leading indicator measurement result relatively
Each group is the relative value of the main testing index of 100% calculating with the control group measured value, lists in table 4.
The relative value of table 4 leading indicator (%)
| Project | Test group | Mend the iron control group | The blank group |
| 35 age in days individual weights | ????105.78 | ????104.48 | ????100 |
| 35 age in days incubation rates | ????103.02 | ????109.91 | ????100 |
| Full phase daily gain | ????107.05 | ????105.26 | ????100 |
| 21 age in days RBC levels | ????142.29 | ????117.52 | ????100 |
| 21 age in days Hb levels | ????126.90 | ????125.49 | ????100 |
| 21 age in days Fe levels | ????112.53 | ????110.02 | ????100 |
| 21 age in days Tf levels | ????112.53 | ????100.62 | ????100 |
| Comprehensive average | ????115.73 | ????110.47 | ????100 |
| Increase rate | ????15.73 | ????10.47 | ????/ |
| The material anharmonic ratio | ????91.96 | ????94.41 | ????100 |
| The pullorum disease incidence | ????46.66 | ????74.76 | ????100 |
| Comprehensive average | ????69.31 | ????84.59 | ????100 |
| Fall | ????30.69 | ????15.41 | ????/ |
3. conclusion
The population effect of calcium iron complexing agent of the present invention is better than iron-dextrin, and calcium iron complexing agent of the present invention a kind of new benefit source of iron of can yet be regarded as is described.
Claims (4)
1. animal feed nutrient fill-in that contains calcium constituent and ferro element simultaneously, it is characterized in that, it is to make 1 part of 10～200 parts of ferrous glycine complex of 1200～1600 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes of Psoralea corylifolia by the component of following proportioning.
2. the consumption proportion of described each component of composition of claim 1 is, 1 part of 20～80 parts of ferrous glycine complex of 1300～1500 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes of Psoralea corylifolia.
3. the consumption proportion of described each component of composition of claim 1 is, 1 part of 40 parts of ferrous glycine complex of 1400 parts of citric acid and calcium malate complexes of Psoralea corylifolia.
4. application rights requires 1 described composition, and according to the application process of feed addictive, processing and fabricating is an animal feed.
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| CNB021536546A CN1245092C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2002-12-03 | Calcium and iron nutrient supplement for feed |
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| CN1245092C CN1245092C (en) | 2006-03-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101744121B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2012-03-14 | 河北农业大学 | Functional growing-finishing pig pre-mixing feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101744121B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2012-03-14 | 河北农业大学 | Functional growing-finishing pig pre-mixing feed |
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