CN1404711A - Maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area - Google Patents
Maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area Download PDFInfo
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- CN1404711A CN1404711A CN 01138861 CN01138861A CN1404711A CN 1404711 A CN1404711 A CN 1404711A CN 01138861 CN01138861 CN 01138861 CN 01138861 A CN01138861 A CN 01138861A CN 1404711 A CN1404711 A CN 1404711A
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- kilogram
- black soil
- cultivation method
- soil area
- maize
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Abstract
The cultural method of corn in black soil area includes the following measures; selecting and defining corn variety, land preparation, improving physical and chemical behaviour, storing natural atmospheric water to be used for next year, controlling diseases and pests, killing weeds, fertilizer application, etc. Said invention can obviously raise the yield of corn in black soil area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant cultivation in the agricultural technology field, relate to a kind of in black soil region plant cultivation grain method.
Background technology
The black soil region that is positioned at the song-Nen plain middle part is a unique black soil region of China, is used for the existing over one hundred year history of agricultural development, and through long-term facts have proved, black soil region is fit to maize planting very much.Though black soil region corn yield per unit area occupy the prostatitis in China, to compare with the american corn band that is in same latitude, still there is a big difference for per unit area yield.At this piece black soil region, 1949-1969 corn unit yields are at 1500 kilograms/hectare, and the corn unit yield in 1970-1982 reaches 3300 kilograms/hectare, the nineteen eighty-three-nineteen ninety the corn unit yield increase again, but only reach 5430 kilograms/hectare.
Domestic maize culture expert did deep research to fertile culture of maize.Zhao Zuomin is interim " corn science " 1996 the 3rd, has delivered " model study of compact corn high-yield culturing ", and he has analyzed the reason and the Application Ratio of compact corn volume increase.Fang Jiyou etc. are interim " corn science " 1997 the 3rd, delivered " nonirrigated farmland spring corn hectare produces the scale-model investigation of 10500kg culture technique and puts into practice ".The pattern of having introduced " before catching up with three early in the morning " drought-resistant seeding technology in the literary composition and having applied fertilizers scientifically etc.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the black soil region maize yield, on the basis of reasonable, sustainable utilization black earth cultivated land resource, the invention provides a kind of cultivation method of forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees that increases corn yield per unit area.
Processes such as content of the present invention comprises definite kind, whole ground, fertilising, insect protected weed eradication, pour water is characterized in that (1) select anti-close kind for use; (2) improve the arable soil physicochemical character, storing natural precipitation used for 1 year; (3) system's control worm, crop smothering; (4) decide fertilizer to produce, rationally use; (5) meet non-irrigated moisturizing, guarantee high yield.
Detailed process of the present invention is as follows:
1, selects anti-close kind for use, guarantee planting density.In selecting for use four of ripe anti-close small ear type close 25 or the new iron list 10 of late-maturing half anti-close large spike, adopt No. 3 kind clothing agent of lucky farming seed dressing prior to seeding, four close 25 guarantee that hectare stays seedling 70,000 strains, and new iron list stays seedling 5.5 ten thousand strains for 10 hectares.
2, implementation is retained and conserved soil moisture, and guarantees fertility.Behind harvest corn, to plough deeply once every 4 years arable lands, tilling depth is ploughed back rake a kind of farm tools in time at 25-30cm.Do not plough deeply the time and carry out dark pine period in intertillage.
3, determine fertilizing amount according to soil supplying nutrient capability and target output, target output is 700 kilograms/mu, at the fertile plot of height mu organic fertilizer 2-3 ton, N14 kilogram, P
2O
55 kilograms, K
2The O5 kilogram, ZnSO
41.5 kilogram.Low fertile plot, mu organic fertilizer 2-3 ton, N17 kilogram, P
2O
58 kilograms, K
2The O5 kilogram, ZnSO
41.5 kilogram.
4, system's pest control, chemical weed control.Use agricultural and biological control measure control of maize snout moth's larva.Autumn is with residual root stubble rotovator mincing and returning to the field.Mid-June with oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva, in every field, put a honeybee card every 50 meters, per hectare is put ten thousand of 20-45.The honeybee card is placed in the middle of the maize leaf that has rewinded.Use atrazine or Acetochlor control farmland weed, per hectare is converted the spraying of water 400-600 kilogram with 40% atrazine glue suspension 5-6 kilogram or 50% acetochlor ec 2.5-3.5 kilogram.
5, meeting non-irrigated moisturizing irrigates.In corn growth stage, spring, arid taked hole to irritate; Seedling stage, arid was used sprinkling irrigation.
Adopt abovementioned technology of the present invention, can improve the black soil region maize yield, increase income.The present invention compares with traditional cultivation method, and average every mu increases by 226.68 kilograms of corns, increases income 185.8 yuans.
Embodiment
The present invention in 1998-2000 be positioned at 125 ° 14 of east longitude ' to 126 ° 28 ', 44 ° 34 of north latitude ' to 44 ° 45 ' between Wo Pi township, Dehui City, Zhu Chengzi town, the cloth Hai Zhen of Chinese song-Nen plain test.This district's physical features is smooth, and soil property belongs to temperate zone half moistening monsoon climatic region based on black earth, annual sunshine duration 2700 hours, 4.4 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 2851 ℃ of annual 〉=10 ℃ accumulated temperature, frost-free season 135-140 days, year precipitation 531mm.Soil organic matter 2.6-3.4%, available N 15-30mg/kg, available P 10-25mg/kg, quick-acting K50-120mg/kg.
Use technical method of the present invention, on 2667 hectares arable land, implemented in 1999, produce through surveying, the per unit area yield in three small towns has reached 749.91 kilograms/mu, 796.78 kilograms/mu, 696.35 kilograms/mu respectively, 747.68 kilograms/mu of average yield per mus, increase by 226.68 kilograms/mu than the local average level of production, increase by 770.71 ten thousand yuan of incomes.
2000 of great drought, by method operation of the present invention, on 6667 kilograms arable land, implement, produce through surveying, the corn per unit area yield in above-mentioned three small towns has reached 602.7 kilograms/mu respectively, 611.4 kilograms/mu, 605.9 kilogram/mu, 606.7 kilograms/mu of average per unit area yields increase by 85.7 kilograms/mu than the average level of production in locality, increase by 728.45 ten thousand yuan of incomes.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area is characterized in that comprising that following process (1) selects anti-close kind for use, guarantees planting density; (2) improve the arable soil physicochemical character, storing natural precipitation, implementation is retained and conserved soil moisture; (3) decide fertilizer to produce, rationally use; (4) with agricultural and the pest control of biological control measure system, adopt chemical weed control.
2, maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area according to claim 1 is in it is characterized in that selecting for use four close 25 of ripe anti-close small ear type or the new iron list 10 of late-maturing half anti-close large spike; Behind harvest corn, plough deeply once tilling depth 25-30cm every 4 years arable lands; Target output is 700 kilograms/mu, organic fertilizer 2-3 ton/mu, N14-17 kilogram/mu, P
2O
55-8 kilogram/mu, K
2O5 kilogram/mu, ZnSO
41.5 kilogram/mu; In mid-June use oophagous trichogrammae control of maize snout moth's larva with residual root stubble rotovator mincing and returning to the field autumn, with atrazine or Acetochlor control farmland weed.
3, maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area according to claim 2 is characterized in that adopting prior to seeding No. 3 kind clothing agent of lucky farming seed dressing, and four close 25 per hectares are stayed seedling 70,000 strains, and new iron list 10 per hectares are stayed seedling 5.5 ten thousand strains; Do not plough deeply the time and carry out dark pine period in intertillage; Put a honeybee card every 50 meters in mid-August every field, per hectare is put ten thousand of 20-45, and per hectare is converted the spraying of water 400-600 kilogram with 40% atrazine glue suspension 5-6 kilogram or 50% acetochlor ec 2.5-3.5 kilogram.
4, maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area according to claim 1 is characterized in that meeting non-irrigated moisturizing and irrigates.
5, maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area according to claim 4 is characterized in that in corn growth stage, and spring, arid taked hole to irritate, and seedling stage, arid was used sprinkling irrigation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01138861 CN1404711A (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01138861 CN1404711A (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1404711A true CN1404711A (en) | 2003-03-26 |
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ID=4674813
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01138861 Pending CN1404711A (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Maize high-yield cultivation method in black soil area |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100333635C (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2007-08-29 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for cultivating spring corn in hilly region |
| CN107182410A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-22 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of Winter Wheat in Rainfed quantitative fertilization method |
| CN107548600A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-09 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of method for improving black soil fertility |
-
2001
- 2001-12-18 CN CN 01138861 patent/CN1404711A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100333635C (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2007-08-29 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for cultivating spring corn in hilly region |
| CN107182410A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-22 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of Winter Wheat in Rainfed quantitative fertilization method |
| CN107182410B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-05-08 | 山西农业大学 | Quantitative fertilization method for dry land winter wheat |
| CN107548600A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-09 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of method for improving black soil fertility |
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