CN1404540A - 借助于液压针刺制造复合非织造织物的方法和装置 - Google Patents

借助于液压针刺制造复合非织造织物的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1404540A
CN1404540A CN01805335A CN01805335A CN1404540A CN 1404540 A CN1404540 A CN 1404540A CN 01805335 A CN01805335 A CN 01805335A CN 01805335 A CN01805335 A CN 01805335A CN 1404540 A CN1404540 A CN 1404540A
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nonwoven
layer
carded
carded nonwoven
wood pulp
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CN1255599C (zh
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维托里奥·奥兰迪
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Oran AG
Truetzschler Nonwovens GmbH
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Fleissner GmbH
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B32B37/156—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is calendered and immediately laminated
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种借助于液压针刺制造复合非织造织物的方法和装置。已知一种制造复合非织造织物的方法，该复合非织造织物包括至少一个梳理非织造织物和一个敷设到梳理非织造织物上的木浆层用以制造卫生制品。按照该方法，梳理非织造织物在敷设木浆层以前经过液压针刺以提高非织造织物的强度。但这使得非织造织物在敷设木浆层时是潮湿的并且该湿度对于循环并从而对木浆的分布不利。但梳理非织造织物的加强是必需的，否则不能达到满意的耐磨性。为了解决这一问题，本发明设定，为了预加强将梳理非织造织物在涂层以前利用高吸收性材料通过气流压密或压延，然后敷设木浆层并且首先将两者共同借助于液压水针刺给以加强，然后使之干燥。可以紧接着进行另一次压延。

Description

借助于液压针刺制造复合 非织造织物的方法和装置
由EP-A-0 333 209已知将弹性的连续纤维与木浆纤维经液压相互连结在一起并借此加强复合非织造织物。在这种加强方法中其危险在于，大量的木浆纤维被从系统中洗掉，即丢失许多纤维。此外在实际中发现，在这样的复合非织造织物的外层还具有起球倾向，如其在WO 90/04066中所描述的。作为改进，EP-A-0 540 041中建议，连续纤维非织造织物在加入木浆纤维以前进行液压处理。这应该不仅给非织造织物以较高的强度，而且可改善非织造织物对木浆纤维的容纳能力，改善液体分布性能。按照该文件，然后将木浆纤维只加入到针刺过的非织造织物上并且为了与非织造织物连结将其干燥或机械地压入非织造织物中。
非织造织物除由连续的纤维制造(纺粘型非织造织物)外，其还可以由短纤维借助于梳理机来制成。然而在一复合非织造织物与木浆纤维一起的制造中涉及同样的问题，即，在借助于水针刺进行必要的加强的过程中木浆落掉和流过非织造织物，这造成高的木浆损失。考虑到按照EP-A-0 540 041的见解实际上已知，梳理非织造织物在加入浆层以前为了加强借助于水针刺给以压密。但其缺点是，非织造织物在加入浆层以前是潮湿的并且这种湿度对浆层的敷设方法例如借助于气流敷设方法产生负作用。在气流敷设方法中即在非织造织物的下方产生一负压，通过该负压自然带走一定部分的纤维并进入一循环过程。这些被带走的纤维同样是潮湿的或润湿的，这在气流敷设方法中再度妨碍纤维的均匀沉积。
本发明的目的在于，寻得一种消除这些问题的方法及其所属的装置。
从制造用于容纳和储存液体等的复合非织造织物的方法出发，其包括一梳理非织造织物(Krempelvlies)，并经过处理予以加强，并且包括一敷设在加强的梳理非织造织物上的纤维素层如木浆纤维层，并使其与梳理非织造织物紧密地接触，本发明对提出的问题的方案在于，为了预加强，将梳理非织造织物在涂层以前利用高吸收性材料通过空气施压或压延，然后将纤维素层敷设在该如此预加强的或压延的梳理非织造织物上并完全相互连结在一起。在进一步处理以前通过梳理非织造织物的压延的加强，不仅改进成品的耐磨性，而且还减少在水针刺的过程中穿入和穿过非织造织物的木浆损失。但必须注意，象压延这样的加强不应过强。如果过强地加强，则连结点过于多种多样，从而增加了通过水针刺连结浆层与压延的非织造织物的困难。由于这个原因，为了改善起球倾向，在粘合过程结束时经干燥后再一次压延非织造织物，借此可达到全部的表面纤维的牢固结合。在只具有一个梳理层的非织造织物制品的情况下仅仅邻接该梳理层的辊子需要给以加热。
必须坚持的是，在该制造方法中浆层经过液压与非织造织物相连结，否则由于层的形成实际上不可能组成制品。更好的是，将另一预加强的梳理纤维非织造织物敷设到浆层上，才将这三层共同进行液压针刺。然后进行最终的压延也是有利的。
用于实施该方法的相应装置以简图示于附图中，其中：
图1为用于制品只包括一个梳理非织造织物作为基垫的复合非织造织物的连续的设备之侧视图，以及
图2同样为按图1的设备的侧视图，再加上在水针刺以前供给一附加的梳理纤维非织造织物的覆盖层。
首先基垫非织造织物必须由聚酯纤维和/或聚丙烯纤维等制成。同时，一梳理机1-4用作非织造织TR敷设装置。梳理机包括一给料箱1与一在其下方设置的振动溜槽2，其将沿宽度均匀散布的纤维转送给具有针布辊和开松辊辊3的梳理机。后面的连续带4将敷设好的梳理非织造织物转送到一压延装置5上，在此其由一对简单的辊子表示。该压延装置也可以由一其中未示出的气流加强装置来代替。压延装置5根据能量和热量的要求在必要时也可以提供细压花加强的非织造织物。该加强作用只应该是不大的，以便借助针刺工艺仍能使木浆与梳理纤维非织造织物紧密地连结。
在该处理步骤以后，按已知的例如借助于一按照EP-A-0 032772的装置6进行浆纤维的敷设。为了连结，然后将两非织造织物共同施加以液压针刺7，其可以不在按图1的连续带上进行也可以在按图2的透孔的滚筒上进行。接着在一多孔滚筒装置8、9上利用通风进行干燥过程。在装置8中为各多孔滚筒直接在端面配置风扇。最后，还应该完成另一次压延15、16，然而这里利用较高的能量。加强必须如此之强，以便形成较高的满意的成品耐磨性。在图1的实例中只需要加热支承梳理非织造织物的辊子16。
按照图2的连续的设备相当于按照图1的，其中只是借助于以简图示出的梳理机10生产一第二个只是轻微预加强的梳理纤维非织造织物12。该上面的覆盖非织造织物12同样应该用压延机11预加强。然后将覆盖非织造织物12敷设到用装置6敷设的、来自装置1、5的基垫非织造织物上的浆层上，并进行所述的水针刺，其在该实施例中也可以从两面进行并且必要时也可分多段进行，因为浆层在两面由一非织造织物覆盖。为此采用先后依次设置的针刺滚筒13、14，其以曲折状绕行并且给它们分别从上方配置以箭头所示的喷射汇流条。这里利用另一种型式的通风干燥器9进行紧接着的干燥，在该干燥器的多孔滚筒9′的外面配置有风扇。最后，也可以通过压延机15、16，但其中两辊15、16都必须加热。

Claims (9)

1.制造用于容纳和储存液体等的复合非织造织物的方法，所述复合非织造织物包括一梳理非织造织物，并经过处理予以加强，并且包括一敷设在加强的梳理非织造织物上的纤维素层如木浆纤维层，并使其与梳理非织造织物紧密地接触，其特征在于，在涂层以前将所述梳理非织造织物利用高吸收性材料干燥地预加强，然后将纤维素层敷设在该预加强的梳理非织造织物上并完全相互连结在一起。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，用压缩空气进行预加强。
3.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，通过压延产生预加强。
4.按照权利要求1-3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述梳理非织造织物的预加强只是通过梳理非织造织物的纤维的轻微结合来实现。
5.按照权利要求1或4所述的方法，其特征在于，纤维素层与梳理非织造织物的连结借助于液压针刺来产生，然后将该复合非织造织物干燥。
6.按照权利要求1-5之一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在木浆层上敷设一个第三层作为由梳理纤维构成的覆盖层，并且一起施加以液压针刺以便连结。
7.按照权利要求1-6之一项所述的方法，其特征在于，将干燥好的复合非织造织物再次压延，但这里利用较高的能量。
8.用于实施按照权利要求1-7之一项所述方法的装置，其特征在于，该连续的设备包括：
a)一梳理机-非织造织物敷设装置(1-4)；
b)一预加强装置如一压延机(5)；
c)一在必要时直接紧接着的、用以将纤维素纤维(木浆)层敷设到预加强的如压延的非织造织物上的装置(6)；
d)一水针刺装置(7)；
e)一干燥器(8)，以及
f)在必要时另一压延装置(15、16)。
9.按照权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置补加以
g)一梳理机-非织造织物敷设装置(10)，用于另一
h)在必要时预加强的、压延的、在c)项所述复合非织造织物的木浆层上的覆盖层(12)，其然后连接着d)项所述的水针刺装置(7；13，14)。
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