[background technology] often requires the alumina silica ratio of bauxite to reach certain value in the commercial Application of bauxite, maybe needs to remove impurity components such as titanium, iron, sulphur.Especially in alumina producing, efficient low-consume, the simple bayer process of technology generally require alumina silica ratio greater than 10, and sintering process is produced aluminium oxide and required bauxite raw ore sulfur content to be lower than 0.7%.For diaspore type bauxite, most alumina silica ratios are less than 10, thereby have limited the commercial Application economically and reasonably of this class bauxite.Flotation removal of impurities, especially flotation desilication are the effective ways that improve the bauxite resource utilization rate.
The direct-flotation desiliconisation of diaspore type bauxite, be with bauxite levigate after, through flotation desilication, obtain qualified concentrate containing.By " 95 " tackling key problem, realized that successfully alumina silica ratio is 5～6 bauxite flotation desiliconization, the commerical test of ore dressing-alumina producing Bayer process technology has obtained success.But at present in the bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation technology that forms, employed floatation equipment is an agitation impeller flotator, the adjusting aspect of this class floatation equipment low whipping speed and qi of chong channel ascending adversely amount still can not satisfy the requirement of bauxite flotation operation fully, and make formed production technology inferior separating effect, concentration ratio is low, technological process complexity, reagent consumption height, production cost is higher, has limited the utilization cost-effectively of the bauxite resource of China's abundant.
Pillar separation equipment (flotation column) is one of capital equipment of mineral floating separation, has good separating effect, the concentration ratio height, and a pillar detached job can replace 3～5 subjobs of flotation operation, is adapted to handle the big features such as floatation process of flotation froth amount.The operation movement-less part of flotation column, outer charger can be regulated aeration quantity arbitrarily.Therefore the pillar separation equipment is used for bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation and has just in time satisfied the each side characteristics that bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation process foam volume is big, the flotation rotating speed is low, aeration quantity is little.
[summary of the invention] the objective of the invention is to, at adopting conventional floatation equipment in the present bauxite flotation, operating condition (mixing speed, aeration quantity, add the water yield, concentration etc.) be difficult to control, the not smooth floatation process instability of closing of flow process, cause the fluctuation of flotation concentrate fineness big, flotation medicine consumption is high, content of organics height in the concentrate, shortcomings such as flotation operation production capacity is low, provide a kind of and can separate bauxite material efficiently, guarantee the flotation concentrate quality, reduce content of organics in flotation medicine consumption and the concentrate, simplify technological process, the steady production process, a kind of new bauxite floating method of raising flotation operation production capacity.
The present invention includes with grinde ore, classification and (or) screening and flotation etc., and in floatation process, use the pillar separation equipment.
Related pillar separation equipment among the present invention is called flotation column in mineral processing industry.The shape of post can be cylindrical or square, height of column (length) can be 3～12 meters and does not wait, the diameter of post is not limit, according to the alumina silica ratio difference of handled bauxite ore and the difference of ore character, can adopt long column or short column, flotation column detached job number of times also can be an one or many, but general no more than 5 times.
Adopt the pillar separation equipment, according to the difference of handled bauxitic ore character with to the requirement of product, the pillar separation equipment can use separately, also can be used with conventional floatation equipment etc.Mine tailing after for example available common flotation araeosystyle FLOTATION SEPARATION is scanned operation, to improve the rate of recovery of bauxite; Or utilize bauxite and the big characteristics of gangue mineral grindability difference, and by carrying out selectively grading behind the selective milling, part coarse grain ore directly becomes concentrate, and remaining part enters the flotation column operation.
It is identical with the selected material of conventional flotation to be selected in material among the present invention in the floatation process, and the medicament kind that is adopted is identical with conventional floating agent.For example for bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation: wherein a kind of of oxidation paraffin wax soap, tall oil, aliphatic acid and soap class and derivative etc. or several are made collecting agent, and wherein a kind of such as sodium carbonate, NaOH, polyphosphate, waterglass, small organic molecule or several adjust agent.
Technical process of the present invention has shortened flotation process greatly, and it is effective that aluminium silicon separates, process stabilization, and technology is simple, and tangible technical advantage and economic advantages are arranged.
The pillar separation equipment is used for the bauxite flotation desiliconization, the direct-flotation desiliconisation method of Xing Chenging thus, because a pillar detached job can replace repeatedly conventional flotation operation, thereby flowage structure is simple, and flow process is short, and operation concentration ratio height easily obtains the high aluminium silicon ratio concentrate.Can obtain qualified bauxite concentrate for medium alumina-silicon ratio alumyte stone (about alumina silica ratio 6) through just once sorting, in low alumina silica ratio or low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte stone, also can obtain qualified bauxite concentrate through pillar detached job once or twice.
Carry out bauxite direct-flotation desiliconisation relatively with the flotation device of routine, use the pillar separation equipment, can make the bauxitic ore alumina silica ratio wide ranges of processing, thus the scope of extendible bauxite resource, the utilization rate of raising bauxite resource.
With pillar separation equipment (flotation column) is the bauxite floating method of feature, because technological process is short, flowage structure is simple, greatly reduces reagent consumption, water consumption and power consumption in the flotation operation process, with conventional floatation process ratio, wherein reagent consumption can reduce 10-20%, the water consumption can reduce about 20-40%, and power consumption can reduce 30-50%, and this is the bauxite resource that makes full use of China's abundant, reduce the flotation production cost, improve the business economic benefit and create advantageous conditions.
[specific embodiment] is described further process of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Raw material: the comprehensive sample ore 1 in Henan bauxite district, its main chemical compositions is:
| ??Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????Fe
2O
3(％)
| Alumina silica ratio |
| ????64.69 | ????11.39 | ??????4.93 | ????5.68 |
Flow process is: ore grinding to fineness accounts for 75% for-0.074mm, adopts the 0.074mm sieve classification, and the dosing of-0.074mm grade is carried out post flotation output flotation concentrate 2 one time after stirring, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.+ 0.074mm grade is a coarse fraction concentrate 1, and concentrate 1 is merged into qualified concentrate containing with concentrate 2.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate 1 concentrate 2 merges concentrate | ????8.5?3 ????13.45 ????12.01 | ????26.73 ????64.42 ????91.15 | ??????70.03 | ?????????75 |
Embodiment 2
Raw material: with embodiment 1
Flow process is: ore grinding accounts for 75% to fineness for-0.074mm, carries out post choosing back output flotation concentrate after dosing is stirred one time, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????12.71 | ????90.15 | ?????74.07 | ?????75 |
Embodiment 3 raw materials: the comprehensive sample ore 2 in Henan bauxite district, its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????Fe
2O
3(％)
| ????A/S |
| Content | ??????61.50 | ?????9.58 | ?????6.99 | ????6.42 |
Flow process is: ore grinding accounts for 75% to fineness for-0.074mm, carries out post choosing back output flotation concentrate after dosing is stirred one time, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????12.63 | ?????92.21 | ????70.03 | ?????75 |
Embodiment 4
Raw material: with embodiment 3
Flow process is: the raw ore ore grinding accounts for 75% to fineness for-0.074mm, carries out post choosing back output flotation concentrate after dosing is stirred one time, the mine tailing that post separates through common flotation scan true tailings, scan the merging of froth pulp and raw ore and enter the post flotation.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????12.46 | ????93.42 | ????70.03 | ????75 |
Embodiment 5 raw materials: the comprehensive sample ore 3 in Henan bauxite district, its main chemical compositions is:
| ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????Fe
2O
3(％)
| Alumina silica ratio |
| ?????62.43 | ??????10.23 | ?????6.28 | ????6.10 |
Flow process is: ore grinding accounts for 75% to fineness for-0.074mm, carries out post choosing back output flotation concentrate after dosing is stirred one time, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ?????12.87 | ????90.44 | ?????72.65 | ????75 |
Embodiment 6 raw materials: the comprehensive sample ore 4 in Henan bauxite district, its main chemical compositions is:
| ??Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????Fe
2O
3(％)
| Alumina silica ratio |
| ????62.92 | ??????10.34 | ?????7.04 | ????6.09 |
Flow process is: the raw ore ore grinding accounts for 80% to fineness for-0.074mm, and dosing is carried out post flotation output flotation concentrate 2 one time after stirring, after the mine tailing that post separates is classified,-0.074mm is a true tailings, and+0.074mm grade is a coarse fraction concentrate 1, and concentrate 1 is merged into qualified concentrate containing with concentrate 2.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate 1 concentrate 2 merges concentrate | ????4.81 ????12.55 ????11.98 | ?????6.65 ?????83.67 ?????90.32 | ??????73.72 | ??????80 |
Embodiment 7 raw materials: the comprehensive sample ore in alum clay mining area, Shanxi, its main chemical compositions is:
| ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????Fe
2O
3(％)
| Alumina silica ratio |
| ?????60.4 | ????13.43 | ??????4.67 | ????4.50 |
Flow process is: raw ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 75% for-0.074mm, and dosing is stirred after a post choosing back output flotation concentrate, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????11.83 | ????84.15 | ????72.15 | ?????75 |
Embodiment 8 raw materials: somewhere, Gongyi, Henan bauxite hangs down the alumina silica ratio sample ore, and its its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????A/S |
| Content | ?????53.2 | ????19.94 | ????4.11 |
Flow process is: the raw ore ore grinding accounts for 75% to fineness for-0.074mm, and dosing is carried out post flotation output flotation concentrate one time after stirring, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????11.48 | ????77.36 | ??????70.4 | ?????75 |
Embodiment 9 raw materials: alumina silica ratio sample ore in the bauxite of somewhere, Gongyi, Henan, its its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????A/S |
| Content | ?????62.00 | ?????8.89 | ????6.97 |
Flow process is: raw ore ore grinding to fineness accounts for 78% for-0.074mm, adopts the 0.074mm sieve classification, and the dosing of-0.074mm grade is carried out post flotation output flotation concentrate 2 one time after stirring, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.+ 0.074mm grade is a coarse fraction concentrate 1, and concentrate 1 is merged into qualified concentrate containing with concentrate 2.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate 1 concentrate 2 merges concentrate | ????7.59 ????14.67 ????12.67 | ????25.86 ????65.50 ????91.36 | ?????72.4 | ????78 |
Embodiment 10 raw materials: alumina silica ratio sample ore in the bauxite of somewhere, Gongyi, Henan, its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????A/S |
| Content | ????59.80 | ????10.91 | ????5.48 |
Flow process is: the raw ore ore grinding accounts for 80% to fineness for-0.074mm, and dosing is carried out post flotation output flotation concentrate one time after stirring, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????13.41 | ????86.63 | ????74 | ?????80 |
Example 11 raw materials: Central Region, Henan bauxite hangs down the alumina silica ratio sample ore, and its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????A/S |
| Content | ????54.5 | ????13.3 | ????4.1 |
Flow process is: raw ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 75% for-0.074mm, and dosing is stirred after a post choosing back output flotation concentrate, and the mine tailing that post separates is true tailings.
Ore dressing and desiliconizing the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | Concentrate alumina silica ratio (A/S) | Concentrate Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| The concentrate fineness (0.074mm%) | Mog (0.074mm%) |
| Concentrate | ????11.13 | ????78.32 | ????77.18 | ????75 |
Example 12 raw materials: somewhere, Guizhou bauxite, its main chemical compositions is:
| Element | ????Al
2O
3(％)
| ????SiO
2(％)
| ????A/S | ????S(％) |
| Content | ????69.3 | ????8.46 | ????8.19 | ????3.2 |
Flow process is: raw ore is milled to fineness and accounts for 70% for-0.074mm, and dosing is stirred after after the post choosing, froth pulp is a sulphide concentrate, and the underflow that post separates is a bauxite concentrate.
The ore dressing desulfurization the results are shown in following table:
| Name of product | ??Al
2O
3(％)
| ????Al
2O
3The rate of recovery (%)
| ????S(％) | The S rate of recovery (%) |
| Sulphur concentrate bauxite concentrate | ????42.79 ????71.58 | ????4.89 ????95.11 | ????35.18 ????0.45 | ????87.07 ????12.93 |