CN100354045C

CN100354045C - Bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method

Info

Publication number: CN100354045C
Application number: CNB2005100324834A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡岳华; 王毓华; 邓海波; 顾帼华; 何平波; 覃文庆
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2005-12-02
Filing date: 2005-12-02
Publication date: 2007-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-02
Also published as: CN1775369A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method. In the present invention, ground raw ore slurry is graded into a coarse sand part and a fine sand part according to certain granularity; fine clay is treated by direct flotation technology, and the coarse sand is treated by reverse flotation technology; consequently, the optimization of the desilicification process for the flotation separation of bauxite is realized, and flotation indexes are increased. Bauxite concentrate obtained in the present invention has the advantages of favorable performance of sedimentation filtration, little organic matter entrainment, quick sedimentation of tailings, and benefit for the utilization of backwater. The desilicification method of the present invention has the advantage of high efficiency for the flotation of diaspore minerals at the level of superfine particles and is suitable for bauxite of different types, particularly for the flotation desilicification of diasporic bauxite with low alumina silica ratio (the A/S approximately ranges from four to five).

Description

A kind of bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method

[technical field] the invention belongs to the flotation technology field of mineral processing, relates to a kind of flotation desilication method for bauxite.

[background technology] bauxite resource is the mineral raw material of production alumina metals aluminium, China's bauxite ore is based on diaspore-kaolinite appositional pattern bauxitic ore, in the ore of low alumina silica ratio (4～8) account for more than 80%, and the ore of high aluminium silicon ratio (A/S＞10) only accounts for 6.94%.Successfully utilize the key of this resource to be to improve the bauxite aluminium-silicon ratio by the method for ore dressing, in recent years, the bauxite flotation desiliconization of China has obtained breakthrough progress, and acquired technical patent has:

A. ore concentration of bauxite method, publication number CN1080569A, this patent mainly is with containing Al ₂O ₃About 68% bauxitic ore, flotation improve its Al ₂O ₃Grade to 74% is used to produce refractory material, and the rate of recovery is low.

B. the method for floating of a bauxite, publication number CN1607926A, this patent main feature is at containing Al ₂O ₃About 64.8%, SiO ₂11.5%, A/S is 5.8～6 bauxitic ore, with slightly roughly grinding to 40%～80%-0.074mm, floatingly selects the diaspore rich intergrowth then as concentrate, and it is discarded that flotation tailing removes thin mud with the gravity treatment classification again, and coarse grain then returns the flotation of regrinding as chats.

C. ore concentration of bauxite method, publication number CN1324696A, this patent adopts and contains Al ₂O ₃The bauxitic ore of about 59%～65%, SiO29%～11.5%, flotation improves its Al ₂O ₃Grade is to A/S＞10.Floatation process is a direct flotation, adopts combined modifier and composite collector, flotation flowsheet be 1 thick 1 sweep repeatedly selected.

D. the dressing process for desiliconizing of a bauxite, publication number CN1369328A, this patent is on the basis of patent c.; with cleaner tailings by screening, classification or gravity treatment; thin mud is as tailing waste, and coarse grain or gravity concentrate can be directly and the flotation concentrate merging, or send the flotation again of regrinding as chats.

E. middle low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte dressing process for desiliconizing, Granted publication CN1125777C, this patent is applicable to the middle low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte of A/S 4-7, it is to carry out classification after bauxite is milled to release mesh, coarse fraction is all or part of as concentrate 1, fine fraction adding floating agent carries out flotation and obtains flotation concentrate 2, and concentrate 1 and concentrate 2 merge as the ore concentration of bauxite concentrate.

F. a hydraulic aluminium type inverse floatation of bauxite desilication method, publication number CN1370625A, it is after bauxite is milled to release mesh, utilize floating agent and certain technology to improve the surface hydrophobicity/hydrophilic nmature difference of diaspore and aluminosilicate gangue mineral, adopt the reverse floatation process scheme with aluminosilicate gangue mineral emersion to foam as tailing waste, the bottom land product is a bauxite concentrate.

Technical patent in the past shows, by bauxite forward flotation technology (selective milling-flotation desilication), diaspore type ore that can therefrom low-grade alumina silica ratio (A/S about 5～7) obtains A/S greater than 10 bauxite concentrate.Inverse floatation of bauxite desiliconization technology then be siliceous gangue mineral that content in the ore is less as the froth pulp emersion, productive rate is that 70%～80% diaspore concentrate is stayed in the flotation cell.

But, in the existing bauxite floating method, the bauxite forward flotation technology exist carry secretly in concentrate froth pulp sedimentation thickening filtration difficulty, the concentrate the organic medicament of flotation in follow-up Bayer process stripping, accumulate and influence process in leaching, the mine tailing sedimentation is very difficult and influence shortcomings such as recycling water utilization; Though inverse floatation of bauxite desiliconization technology can overcome the above shortcoming of direct flotation technology, carry diaspore secretly and have a strong impact on the operation pulp density after influencing that the rate of recovery, flotation speed are slow, flotation froth chats amount is difficult to greatly circulate on stream and returning or return and influence shortcomings such as reverse flotation process thereby exist long flow path, predictive desliming product.These all seriously affect the industrialization of bauxite flotation technology, and the bauxite flotation process normally carry out raising with index.

[summary of the invention] the invention provides a kind of bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method in order to make full use of various bauxite resources.

The present invention becomes coarse sand and thin mud two parts with the raw ore ore pulp behind the ore grinding by the certain particle size classification, use reverse flotation technical finesse coarse sand part, use the thin mud part of direct flotation technical finesse, to realize that bauxite flotation separates the optimization flow process coupling of desiliconization process, improve the flotation operation index, obtain good application feasibility.

Concrete technological process of the present invention is:

The bauxite raw ore becomes coarse sand and thin mud two parts through ore grinding, classification, and the particle size range of thickness grading is between 0.030mm～0.050mm, and the coarse sand part is handled with reverse flotation method, obtains bauxite bottom land concentrate.Thin mud is partly handled with the direct flotation method, obtains the bauxite froth concentrate.Reverse flotation foam mine tailing and direct flotation bottom land mine tailing merge be that bauxite flotation separates desiliconization process always contain silicon tailings.The bottom land concentrate of reverse flotation and the froth concentrate of direct flotation merge as the total concentrate of bauxite flotation.

Originally make full use of concentrate through reverse flotation for bauxite and be bottom land product, sedimentation strainability are fabulous, organic matter is carried secretly seldom, the mine tailing sedimentation is exceedingly fast favourable recycling water utilization advantage and direct flotation technology to the high advantage of micro-size fraction diaspore mineral flotation efficiency, with raw ore ore pulp classification the becoming coarse sand behind the ore grinding and thin mud two parts, use reverse flotation technical finesse coarse sand part, use the thin mud part of direct flotation technical finesse, realization flow optimization coupling, improve floatation indicators, improve the utilization rate of China's bauxite resource.

The present invention is applicable to various dissimilar bauxite, particularly can be applicable to the flotation desilication of low alumina silica ratio (A/S is about 4～5) diaspore type bauxite.

[description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a flotation desilication flow chart of the present invention.

[specific embodiment]

Embodiment 1:

The bauxite raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃63.84%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 5.82.

As shown in Figure 1, earlier the alum clay raw ore is carried out ore grinding, the granularity of ore milling product accounts for 85% for-0.075mm, and ore milling product is carried out grading, and partition size is 0.038mm.Coarse sand greater than 0.038mm is carried out Counterfloatating desiliconization, obtain bauxite bottom land concentrate 1.Thin mud less than 0.038mm is directly carried out direct flotation, obtain froth concentrate 2.Reverse flotation foam mine tailing and direct flotation bottom land mine tailing merge be that bauxite flotation separates desiliconization process always contain silicon tailings, the bottom land concentrate 1 of reverse flotation and 2 merging of the froth concentrate of direct flotation are as the total concentrate of bauxite flotation.

The closed-circuit test index sees Table 1.

Table 1 closed-circuit test index

Flow scheme	Name of product	Productive rate (%)	Grade			The rate of recovery (%)
			Grade			The rate of recovery (%)		Al ₂O ₃％	SiO ₂％	A/S	Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂
			Thickness grading-coarse sand reverse flotation-thin mud direct flotation	Anti-floating concentrate 1	30.12	68.04	7.44	Al ₂O ₃％	SiO ₂％	A/S	Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂	9.15	32.10	20.45
Concentrate 2 top-ups	50.66	69.47		Anti-floating concentrate 1	30.12	68.04	7.44	5.89	11.79	55.13	27.23		9.15	32.10	20.45
Concentrate 2 top-ups	50.66	69.47		Total concentrate	80.78	68.94	6.47	5.89	11.79	55.13	27.23	10.66	87.23	47.68
Total mine tailing	19.22	42.41		Total concentrate	80.78	68.94	6.47	29.84	1.42	12.77	52.32	10.66	87.23	47.68
Total mine tailing	19.22	42.41		Raw ore	100	63.84	10.96	29.84	1.42	12.77	52.32	5.82	100	100

Embodiment 2:

The bauxite raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃55.94%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 4.72.

The partition size of embodiment 1 is made as 0.045mm, after the classification, is will concentrate underflow again after employing concentrates to carry out direct flotation again to the thin mud direct-flotation desiliconisation less than 0.045mm, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.The closed-circuit test index sees Table 2.

Table 2 closed-circuit test index

Flow scheme	Name of product	Productive rate (%)	Grade			The rate of recovery (%)
			Grade			The rate of recovery (%)		Al ₂O ₃％	SiO ₂％	A/S	Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂
			Thickness grading-coarse sand reverse flotation-thin mud direct flotation	Anti-floating concentrate 1	22.13	60.11	7.41	Al ₂O ₃％	SiO ₂％	A/S	Al ₂O ₃	SiO ₂	8.11	32.10	13.83
Concentrate 2 top-ups	46.55	65.76		Anti-floating concentrate 1	22.13	60.11	7.41	6.91	9.52	46.40	27.12		8.11	32.10	13.83
Concentrate 2 top-ups	46.55	65.76		Total concentrate	68.68	63.94	7.07	6.91	9.52	46.40	27.12	9.04	78.50	40.95
Total mine tailing	31.32	38.40		Total concentrate	68.68	63.94	7.07	22.36	1.72	21.50	59.05	9.04	78.50	40.95
Total mine tailing	31.32	38.40		Raw ore	100	55.94	11.86	22.36	1.72	21.50	59.05	4.72	100	100

Result of the test shows, uses bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method of the present invention, and the sorting bauxitic ore provides to meet the bauxite concentrate of smelting the stripping requirement more effectively, and total concentrate sedimentation thickening filtration is functional, and the mine tailing settling property is good.Particularly the present invention can be applicable to the flotation desilication of low alumina silica ratio (A/S is about 4～5) diaspore type bauxite, and obtains technic index preferably.

Claims

1. bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method, it is characterized in that: the raw ore ore pulp behind the ore grinding is carried out thickness grading, be divided into coarse sand and thin mud two parts, coarse sand advances Counterfloatating desiliconization, fine sand directly enters the sludge direct-flotation desiliconisation, or will concentrate underflow again after concentrating and enter the sludge direct-flotation desiliconisation.

2. bauxite crude-fine grading flotation desilicification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle size range of thickness grading is between 0.030mm～0.050mm.