CN111921717B

CN111921717B - Flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Info

Publication number: CN111921717B
Application number: CN202010877193.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴国亮; 马俊伟; 张站云; 张建强; 郭鑫; 姚杰; 刘中原; 苏欢欢
Original assignee: Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
Current assignee: Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-27
Filing date: 2020-08-27
Publication date: 2022-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-27
Also published as: CN111921717A

Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, which comprises the following steps: crushing and grading the potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter less than or equal to the grading grain diameter R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter greater than the grading grain diameter R; performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the grading particle size R; grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal; combining the direct flotation underflow obtained by the direct flotation and potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation and potassium removal, and then performing secondary reverse flotation and potassium removal; the grading grain diameter R is less than or equal to 0.023mm and less than or equal to 0.074 mm. The flotation method of the invention firstly crushes and grades the potassium-containing bauxite, and adopts a specific flotation process, so that the removal rate of potassium oxide of the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65.91 percent, and the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, thereby improving the yield and the quality of the alumina product.

Description

Flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bauxite flotation, and particularly relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite.

Background

The bauxite resources in China mainly comprise diasporic bauxite, and have the characteristics of high aluminum, high silicon and medium-low aluminum-silicon ratio. With the rapid development of the alumina industry in China, high-grade bauxite resources are increasingly exhausted. The grade of Shanxi mainstream ore has been gradually reduced from 5.0 to 4.7, 4.3 and 4.0. The grade of the Henan ore is lower to 3.8.

As the grade of the ore decreases, the content of silicate minerals in the raw ore increases significantly. When low-grade bauxite is adopted to produce alumina, the alkali consumption and the energy consumption are increased, and the red mud dissolving amount is increased, so that the environment is seriously burdened. In addition, potassium mineral in bauxite is mainly stored in silicate gangue mineral, which causes the potassium content in raw ore to be continuously increased, wherein K in partial bauxite of Guizhou, Henan, Shanxi and the like₂The O content is higher than 1 percent.

In the process of producing alumina by a Bayer process, potassium ions in a sodium aluminate solution are continuously accumulated circularly due to the existence of potassium-containing silicate minerals such as illite and the like, so that the problems of seed crystal particle refinement, decomposition rate reduction, potassium content increase in alumina products and the like in the decomposition process are easily caused. K in alumina product during tissue production using potassium-containing bauxite₂The O content can increase to about 0.04%, while the K content in the common alumina product₂The O content is about 0.02 percent. The long-term use of the alumina with high potassium content can cause the following hazards to the alumina electrolysis process: (1) the electrolyte system contains potassium fluoride with higher concentration, and the potassium fluoride can reduce the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte, so that the superheat degree of the electrolyte is increased, and the current efficiency is reduced; (2) the increase of the superheat degree even leads to melting of the furnace wall, so that the current efficiency is further reduced; (3) too high a level of potassium fluoride can result in increased viscosity of the electrolyte, increased carbon content in the electrolyte, increased carbon residue, and poor separation. WhileThe increase of carbon slag can further increase the viscosity of electrolyte to form vicious circle; (4) along with the increase of the content of the potassium fluoride, the electrolysis temperature is gradually reduced, the dissolving capacity of the potassium fluoride to alumina is also gradually reduced, the increase of bottom sediment is caused, the furnace side is thinned, and the adverse effect is caused on the service life of the cell and the current efficiency.

The silicon mineral in bauxite in China generally exists in the form of aluminosilicate minerals such as kaolinite, pyrophyllite, chlorite, illite and the like. In the process of bauxite flotation and desiliconization, the existing flotation reagent is mainly used for removing silicon-containing minerals such as kaolinite, pyrophyllite, chlorite and the like in ores and reducing the content of silicon dioxide in the ores, so that the aluminum-silicon ratio of the ores is improved, and the requirement of producing an alumina raw material by a Bayer process is met. However, since illite contains a large amount of K⁺When illite is crushed, K is released in addition to hydrogen bond breakage⁺And a high-density ionic bond surface is formed, so that the surface is strong in hydrophilicity and poor in natural floatability. K of the existing direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent and reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent on illite⁺The collecting capacity is weak, and an efficient low-grade potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal collecting agent needs to be developed for illite.

Chinese patent CN 105692658B discloses a method for recovering potassium carbonate from alumina production process. The method comprises the following steps: after the sodium aluminate solution is carbonated, according to the solubility difference of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate in the sodium aluminate solution, the potassium carbonate and the sodium carbonate are separated by adopting a method of multiple evaporative crystallization. The method can realize the recovery of potassium carbonate products, but the process is complex, the industrial application is difficult to carry out, and the K is not solved from the source⁺Harms the industrial production of aluminum.

Through examining domestic and foreign documents, relevant data related to the classification flotation and potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite are not found. With the gradual reduction of the grade of the selected ore, the useful minerals and gangue minerals in the ore have finer embedded granularity, and the selective flotation separation difficulty is increased. Meanwhile, the content of minerals containing silicon impurities is increased, the argillization degree of ore pulp after ore grinding is serious, and the content of impurity ions in the ore pulp is increased, so that foam inclusion and adhesion can be caused, and the influence on the flotation process and indexes is also very obvious.

Therefore, there is a need to improve the prior art, and develop a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite aiming at the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, so as to improve the removal rate of potassium oxide from the potassium-containing bauxite, reduce potassium-containing minerals in the potassium-containing bauxite from the source, and improve the yield and quality of alumina products.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite. The invention provides a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, which comprises the steps of crushing and grading the potassium-containing bauxite, and adopting a specific flotation process and matching with a proper positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a proper reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65.91 percent, potassium-containing minerals in the potassium-containing bauxite are reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of aluminum oxide products are improved; in addition, the flotation method for removing potassium from the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite also obtains potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.36 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.38 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:

in one aspect of the invention, there is provided a flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the process comprising:

crushing and grading the potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter less than or equal to the grading grain diameter R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter greater than the grading grain diameter R;

performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the grading particle size R;

grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal;

combining the direct flotation underflow obtained by the direct flotation and potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation and potassium removal, and then performing secondary reverse flotation and potassium removal;

wherein the grading particle diameter R is not less than 0.023mm and not more than 0.074 mm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent is used in the positive flotation potassium removal process;

the positive flotation potassium removal collector is selected from: one or more than two of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid or oxidized paraffin soap;

in the first reverse flotation potassium removal process or the second reverse flotation potassium removal process, a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted;

the reverse flotation potassium removal collector is selected from: one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;

in the first reverse flotation potassium removal process or the second reverse flotation potassium removal process, a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted;

the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the classification particle size R is (800-1200) g:1 t.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium removal collector to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size > fractional grain size R is (150-500) g:1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than the grading grain diameter R is (100-300) g:1 t.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium removal flotation process for low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the direct flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium removal flotation process for low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid, and oxidized paraffin soap;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is (4-5): (1-2): (4-5).

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;

wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is as follows: (2-3): (2-3).

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the reverse flotation potassium removal collectors comprise dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;

wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3).

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the reverse flotation depressant comprises starch and dextrin;

wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is (2-3): (2-3).

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, the process of direct flotation potassium removal comprises: 1 roughing, 1-3 selecting and 1-3 scavenging;

in the process of direct flotation potassium removal, K₂The removal rate of O is 65.91-69.96%;

the first reverse flotation potassium removal or the second reverse flotation potassium removal process comprises the following steps: 1 roughing, 2 fine selecting and 1 scavenging.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite according to the present invention, the classified particle size R may be 0.023mm, 0.05mm or 0.074 mm.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the potassium-containing bauxite is crushed and classified, and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the classified particle size R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size greater than the classified particle size R are respectively collected; performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the grading particle size R; grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal; the method comprises the following steps:

crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.074 mm; performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074 mm; and grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.074mm to ensure that the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the potassium-containing bauxite is crushed and classified, and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the classified particle size R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size greater than the classified particle size R are respectively collected; performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the grading particle size R; grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal; the method can comprise the following steps:

crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.023mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.023 mm; performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.023 mm; and grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.023mm until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal.

crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.05mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.05 mm; performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size less than or equal to 0.05 mm; and grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.05mm to ensure that the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the second reverse flotation process for removing potassium comprises: 1 roughing, 2 fine selecting and 1 scavenging; obtaining potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings; in the potassium-rich ore, in mass fraction, K₂The content of O is 6.36-7.03%;

in the potassium-removed tailings, the mass fraction is K₂The content of O is 1.21-1.38%.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite according to the present invention, the forward flotation froth obtained by the forward flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation underflow obtained by the reverse flotation potassium removal are combined to obtain a comprehensive aluminum concentrate.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid;

wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized paraffin soap to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and an oxidized paraffin soap;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the oxidized paraffin soap is (2-3): (2-3).

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;

wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is as follows: (7-10): (0-3).

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium removal collectors comprise dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;

wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (7-10): (0-3).

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the pH value of ore pulp in the direct flotation potassium removal process is 9.0-9.5.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the pH value is adjusted to 6-6.5 during the first reverse flotation potassium removal or the second reverse flotation potassium removal.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite comprises:

(1) crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.074 mm;

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 3-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging;

wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.074mm is 800g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.074mm to ensure that the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, then carrying out first reverse flotation for removing potassium, and carrying out 1-time roughing, 2-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging;

(4) combining the forward flotation underflow obtained by the forward flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, then carrying out the second reverse flotation potassium removal, and carrying out 1-time roughing, 2-time fine concentration and 1-time scavenging;

wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;

the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 400g to 1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 260g to 1 t.

One or more technical embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

the invention provides a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, which comprises the steps of crushing the potassium-containing bauxite, determining the grading particle size, collecting the potassium-containing bauxite according to the size of the grading particle size R, and then adopting a specific flotation process and matching with a proper direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent, a proper reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a proper amount of direct flotation potassium removal collecting agentA reverse flotation suppressor; therefore, the removal rate of potassium oxide of the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65.91 percent, the aluminum-silicon ratio of the aluminum concentrate is improved, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an aluminum oxide product can be obviously improved. In addition, the flotation method for removing potassium from the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite also obtains potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.36 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore, and K in the potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.38 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, can realize waste-free comprehensive utilization, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:

The invention provides a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, which comprises the steps of crushing and grading the potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter not more than a grading grain diameter R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter more than the grading grain diameter R; then, a specific flotation process is adopted, so that the removal rate of potassium oxide in the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65.91 percent, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an alumina product are improved; in addition, potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings can be obtained, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.36 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.38 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and can realize waste-free comprehensive utilization.

the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin.

The invention adopts a specific flotation process and is matched with a proper direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent, a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of the potassium-containing bauxite is further improved, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an alumina product are improved.

The inventor conducts mass screening and optimization on the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size not larger than the grading particle size R, and finally limits the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size not larger than the grading particle size R to be (800-1200) g:1t, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of the potassium-containing bauxite is larger than 66.36%, and potassium-containing minerals in the potassium-containing bauxite are further reduced from the source.

The inventor conducts mass screening and optimization on a reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent, a mass ratio of potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than a grading particle size R and a mass ratio of a reverse flotation inhibitor and potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R, and finally limits the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R to be (150-500) g:1t and the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R to be (100-300) g:1t, so that K in the potassium-rich ore is enabled to be contained₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.48 percent, and the obtained illite ore is more excellent; and K in the potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.38 percent, and further realizes the waste-free comprehensive utilization.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;

The inventor realized that the selection of the composition and content of the collector for positive flotation potassium removal would lead to K in the positive flotation potassium removal process₂The removal rate of O brings certain influence; according to the invention, by optimizing the components and the content of the collector for direct flotation and potassium removal, all the components in the collector for direct flotation and potassium removal can play a role together in the whole direct flotation process, so that K in the process of direct flotation and potassium removal₂The removal rate of O is more than 67 percent, and the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is further reduced from the source.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap;

wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is as follows: (4-5): (1-2): (4-5).

The invention limits the oil by further optimizing the components and the content of the collector for removing potassium by the normal flotationThe mass ratio of the sodium salt to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is (4-5): (1-2): (4-5), thereby enabling K to be generated in the process of direct flotation potassium removal₂The removal rate of O is more than 67 percent, and the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is further reduced from the source.

In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;

wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is (2-3): (2-3).

The inventors have realised that the selection of the composition and content of the reverse flotation de-potassic collector and reverse flotation depressants will be such that K is present in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O brings certain influence; according to the invention, by optimizing the components and contents of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitor, the components in the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitor can play a role together in the whole reverse flotation process, so that K in potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.85 percent, and K is contained in the potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.35 percent, completely meets the requirements of producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.

In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium removal collectors comprise dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;

The invention limits the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and the hexadecane by further optimizing the components and the contents of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitorThe mass ratio of the trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3) so as to make K in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 7.03 percent, and K is contained in the potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.35 percent, completely meets the requirements of producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.

wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5; the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.074mm is 800g to 1 t;

wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5; the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3; the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 400g to 1 t; the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 260g to 1 t.

The inventor also recognizes that the flotation method for removing potassium from the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite is a complex method system, and the inventor finally selects the flotation method for removing potassium from the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite provided by the above embodiment through balance optimization, thereby realizing K in the process of potassium removal by direct flotation₂The removal rate of O reaches above 69.96 percent, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced to the maximum from the source, and the K in the potassium-rich bauxite is ensured₂The content of O reaches more than 7.03 percent, and K in the potassium-removed tailings is also ensured₂The content of O completely meets the requirement, and the waste-free comprehensive utilization is realized to the maximum extent.

The flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite described in the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.

Example 1: the invention relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Low-grade potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, raw ore K₂O content 1.52%, Al₂O₃55.76% of SiO₂The content was 14.15%, and the A/S was 3.94.

The flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps, and can refer to figure 1:

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 3-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 1;

wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm to 85 percent of the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm based on the total mass, then performing first reverse flotation to remove potassium, and performing 1 roughing, 2 fine concentration and 1 scavenging;

wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

(4) combining the forward flotation underflow obtained by the forward flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, then carrying out the second reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the product with the A/S of 1.17 and the K through 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging₂A foam product having an O content of 6.36% as a potassium-rich ore and obtained with an A/S of 1.72, K₂Underflow product with O content of 1.21% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 1;

the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

table 1: flotation potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou

Example 2: the invention relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Some low-grade potassium-containing bauxite in Henan, raw ore K₂O content of 2.08%, Al₂O₃The content is 51.02 percent, and SiO is₂The content was 16.62%, and the A/S was 3.07.

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 3-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 2;

wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5; the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.074mm is 800g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm to 84.56 percent of the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm based on the total mass, then performing first reverse flotation for removing potassium, and performing 1 roughing, 2 fine concentration and 1 scavenging;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 260g to 1 t;

(4) combining the forward flotation underflow obtained by the forward flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, then carrying out the second reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the product with the A/S of 1.17 and the K through 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging₂The foam product with an O content of 7.03% was used as a potassium-rich ore, and an A/S of 1.74, K, was obtained₂Underflow product with O content of 1.38% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 2;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor adopted for reverse flotation potassium removal to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.074mm is 260g:1 t.

Table 2: flotation potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Henan

Example 3: the invention relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, raw ore K in Shanxi province₂O content 1.96%, Al₂O₃The content is 52.36 percent, and SiO₂The content was 14.68%, and the A/S was 3.57.

(1) crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.023mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.023 mm;

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.023mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 1-time fine selection and 1-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 1; the results are shown in Table 3;

wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is 4: 1;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.023mm is 1200g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.023mm to 77.85% of the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm based on the total mass, then performing first reverse flotation for removing potassium, and performing 1-time roughing, 2-time fine selection and 1-time scavenging;

wherein the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 1: 1;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.023mm is 150g to 1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.023mm is 100g to 1 t.

(4) Combining the direct flotation underflow obtained by the direct flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, and then performing the second reverse flotation potassium removal to obtain a product with the A/S of 1.27 and the K₂A foam product with an O content of 6.85% as potassium-rich ore and obtained with an A/S of 1.92, K₂Underflow product with O content of 1.35% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 3;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor adopted for reverse flotation potassium removal to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.023mm is 100g to 1 t.

Table 3: flotation and potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Shanxi

Example 4: the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxiteMethod

(1) crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.05mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.05 mm;

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.05mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 1-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 4;

the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is 5: 1;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.05mm is 1000g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.05mm to 85 percent of the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm based on the total mass, then performing first reverse flotation to remove potassium, and performing 1 roughing, 2 fine concentration and 1 scavenging;

the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is 1: 1;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 3: 2;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.05mm is 500g to 1 t;

the mass ratio of a reverse flotation inhibitor adopted for reverse flotation potassium removal to potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.05mm is 300g to 1 t;

(4) subjecting the direct flotation to deslimingThe positive flotation underflow obtained by potassium is combined with the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, and then the second reverse flotation potassium removal is carried out to obtain the product with the A/S of 1.17 and the K₂A foam product having an O content of 6.85% as a potassium-rich ore, and an A/S of 1.67, K₂Underflow product with O content of 1.23% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 4;

the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 3: 2;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.05mm is 300g to 1 t;

table 4: flotation potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou

Example 5: the invention relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Some low-grade potassium-containing bauxite in Henan, raw ore K₂O content 1.73%, Al₂O₃52.23% of SiO₂The content was 15.85%, and the A/S was 3.30.

(1) crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.06mm and potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of more than 0.06 mm;

(2) performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.06mm, and performing 1-time roughing, 1-time fine selection and 3-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 5;

wherein the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is sodium oleate;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.06mm is 900g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.06mm to ensure that the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70 percent of the total mass, then carrying out first reverse flotation for potassium removal, and carrying out 1-time roughing, 2-time fine selection and 1-time scavenging;

the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;

the mass ratio of the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 7: 3;

the reverse flotation inhibitor is starch;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.06mm is 300g to 1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.06mm is 250g:1 t.

(4) Combining the direct flotation underflow obtained by the direct flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, and then performing the second reverse flotation potassium removal to obtain a product with the A/S of 1.19 and the K₂A foam product with an O content of 6.85% as potassium-rich ore and obtained with an A/S of 1.66, K₂Underflow product with O content of 1.29% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 5;

the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 7: 3;

the reverse flotation inhibitor is starch;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor adopted for reverse flotation potassium removal to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.06mm is 250g:1 t.

Table 5: flotation potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Henan

Example 6: the invention relates to a flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite

Low-grade potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, raw ore K₂O content 1.35%, Al₂O₃Content of 54.28% SiO₂The content was 14.64%, and the A/S was 3.71.

(1) crushing and grading the potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.035mm and the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter more than 0.035 mm;

(2) performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.035mm, and performing 1-time rough concentration, 3-time fine concentration and 1-time scavenging; the results are shown in Table 6;

wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid;

the mass ratio of the oxidized paraffin soap to the benzohydroxamic acid is 5: 1;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to 0.035mm is 1000g to 1 t;

(3) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.035mm to 75% of the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm based on the total mass, performing first reverse flotation to remove potassium, and performing 1 roughing, 2 fine concentration and 1 scavenging;

wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 5: 3.5: 3;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.035mm is 450g:1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor adopted for reverse flotation potassium removal to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.035mm is 200g:1 t.

(4) Combining the direct flotation underflow obtained by the direct flotation potassium removal and the reverse flotation foam obtained by the first reverse flotation potassium removal, and then performing the second reverse flotation potassium removal to obtain a product with the A/S of 1.18 and the K₂A foam product having an O content of 6.48% as a potassium-rich ore and obtained with an A/S of 1.63, K₂Underflow product with O content of 1.21% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 6;

the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 5: 3.5: 3;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter larger than 0.035mm is 200g:1 t.

Table 6: flotation potassium removal index of certain low-grade potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou

Example 7: low grade according to the inventionIn the potassium-removing floatation method of potassium-containing bauxite, the positive floatation potassium-removing collecting agent and experiment for optimizing screening of potassium-containing bauxite by mass ratio

In the potassium-containing bauxite flotation method of the present invention, under the condition that other process parameters are not changed, the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to potassium-containing bauxite (potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size not greater than the grading grain size R) is compared according to the mass ratio defined in the present invention, and the results are shown in table 7:

table 7: the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite is screened in the flotation method

Group of	Mass ratio of direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to potassium-containing bauxite	K in the direct flotation process₂O removal Rate (%)
			1	1200g:1t	67.37
2	1000g:1t	65.91
			3	800g:1t	69.96
4	1000g:1t	66.36
			5	900g:1t	67.91

As can be seen from Table 7, group 3, i.e., K at a mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collector to potassium-containing bauxite of 800g:1t₂The removal rate of O is optimal, so that the optimal selection is determined in the flotation method for removing potassium from the low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, wherein the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite (the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain diameter not more than the grading grain diameter R) is 800g:1 t.

Example 8: in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the potassium-removing collecting agent Screening experiment for potassium-containing bauxite mass ratio

In the flotation method for potassium-containing bauxite of the present invention, under the condition that other process parameters are not changed, the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to potassium-containing bauxite (potassium-containing bauxite with grain size > fractional grain size R) is compared according to the mass ratio defined in the present invention, and the results are shown in table 8:

table 8: screening the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite in the flotation method

As can be seen from Table 8, the group 3, i.e., the reverse flotation potassium removal collector, had the best effect when the mass ratio to the potassium-containing bauxite was 400g:1t, and K was found in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is higher. Therefore, in the flotation method for removing potassium from low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the optimal selection is determined to be that the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite is 400g:1 t.

Example 9: the invention relates to a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent component and content screening thereofExperiment of

Under the condition that other process parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, and under the condition that other process parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the components and the content of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent are fed according to the invention, and the results are shown in table 9:

table 9: verification of effects of components and contents of positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent

As can be seen from table 9, group 5, the positive flotation potassium removal collector, contained sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid, and oxidized paraffin soap in the mass ratio: 4: 1.5: k at 4.5₂The O removal rate is optimal. Therefore, the collecting agent for direct flotation and potassium removal provided by the invention comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap, and the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5 is the optimal choice.

Example 10: the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent component and the content screening experiment thereof

Under the condition that other technological parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the components and the content of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent are fed according to the invention, and the results are shown in a table 10:

table 10: verification of effects of components and content of reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent

As can be seen from table 10, the group 5, i.e., the reverse flotation de-potassic collector, contained the dodecyl trisThe mass ratio of the methyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: optimum effect at 2.5 hours, K in potassium-rich ores₂The content of O is higher. Therefore, the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent provided by the invention comprises the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: and 2.5 is the optimal choice.

It can be seen from the above embodiments of the present invention that, the flotation method for potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite provided by the present invention, firstly, crushes and classifies potassium-containing bauxite, and then, adopts a specific flotation process and is matched with a proper positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent, a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of potassium-containing bauxite is greater than 65.91%, the aluminum-silicon ratio of aluminum concentrate is also improved, potassium-containing minerals in potassium-containing bauxite are reduced from the source, and the yield and quality of aluminum oxide products are significantly improved; in addition, potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings can be obtained, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore₂The content of O is more than or equal to 6.36 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings₂The content of O is less than or equal to 1.38 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.

Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A flotation process for the potassium removal of low-grade potassium-containing bauxite, the process comprising:

wherein the grading particle size R is not less than 0.023mm and not more than 0.074 mm;

in the process of direct flotation and potassium removal, a direct flotation and potassium removal collecting agent is adopted;

in the first reverse flotation potassium removal process or the second reverse flotation potassium removal process, a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted; the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin;

the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size not larger than the grading particle size R is (800-1200) g:1 t;

the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R is (150-500) g:1 t;

2. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;

3. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap;

4. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;

5. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3).

6. The flotation process of claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;

wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is (2-3): (2-3).

7. The flotation method according to claim 1, wherein the potassium-containing bauxite is crushed and classified, and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size not larger than the classified particle size R and the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the classified particle size R are collected respectively; performing direct flotation and potassium removal on the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size less than or equal to the grading particle size R; grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than the grading particle size R until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal; the method comprises the following steps:

crushing and grading potassium-containing bauxite, and respectively collecting potassium-containing bauxite with grain size less than or equal to 0.074mm and grain size

0.074mm potassium-containing bauxite; performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074 mm; and grinding the potassium-containing bauxite with the particle size larger than 0.074mm to ensure that the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 70-85% of the total mass, and then performing first reverse flotation for potassium removal.