CN111921718B - Potassium-removing flotation method for potassium-containing bauxite - Google Patents
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 478
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 472
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 472
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 353
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- VDEUYMSGMPQMIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzhydroxamic acid Chemical compound ONC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VDEUYMSGMPQMIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001577 potassium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/016—Macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85-95% of the total mass; (2) performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1); (3) performing reverse flotation and potassium removal on the forward flotation underflow obtained in the forward flotation and potassium removal in the step (2); in the process of direct flotation potassium removal, the adopted direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is selected from: one or more than two of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid or oxidized paraffin soap; in the process of reverse flotation and potassium removal, the adopted reverse flotation and potassium removal collecting agent is selected from: one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; in the process of reverse flotation potassium removal, a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted, and the reverse flotation inhibitor is selected from starch and/or dextrin. The potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method provided by the invention enables the potassium oxide removal rate to be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bauxite flotation, and particularly relates to a potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method.
Background
K in partial bauxite of Guizhou province, Henan province and Shanxi province of China2The O content is usually over 1% and potassium minerals in bauxite are mainly present in silicate gangue minerals.
In the process of producing alumina by a Bayer process, potassium ions in a sodium aluminate solution are continuously accumulated circularly due to the existence of potassium-containing silicate minerals such as illite and the like, so that the problems of seed crystal particle refinement, decomposition rate reduction, potassium content increase in alumina products and the like in the decomposition process are easily caused. K in alumina product during tissue production using potassium-containing bauxite2The O content can increase to about 0.04%, while the K content in the common alumina product2The O content is about 0.02 percent. The long-term use of the alumina with high potassium content can cause the following hazards to the alumina electrolysis process: (1) the electrolyte system contains potassium fluoride with higher concentration, and the potassium fluoride can reduce the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte, so that the superheat degree of the electrolyte is increased, and the current efficiency is reduced; (2) the increase of the superheat degree even leads to melting of the furnace wall, so that the current efficiency is further reduced; (3) too high a level of potassium fluoride can result in increased viscosity of the electrolyte, increased carbon content in the electrolyte, increased carbon residue, and poor separation. The increase of carbon slag can further increase the viscosity of electrolyte to form vicious circle; (4) along with the increase of the content of the potassium fluoride, the electrolysis temperature is gradually reduced, the dissolving capacity of the potassium fluoride to alumina is also gradually reduced, the increase of bottom sediment is caused, the furnace side is thinned, and the adverse effect is caused on the service life of the cell and the current efficiency.
Therefore, in the production process of the aluminum oxide, the content of the potassium oxide in the aluminum oxide is properly reduced, the content of the potassium salt in the electrolyte is effectively controlled, the proper superheat degree is kept, the positive effect of the potassium salt is fully exerted, and the positive effect on prolonging the service life of the aluminum electrolysis process tank and improving the current efficiency is played.
The impurities in the ore are the source of continuous accumulation of impurity ions in the sodium aluminate solution, especially potassium ions, and the impurities are difficult to separate and remove from the sodium aluminate solution by the conventional chemical method. Therefore, separation of potassium-bearing mineral impurities prior to ore entering digestion is the most effective method for reducing the potassium ion content of sodium aluminate solutions.
The silicon mineral in bauxite in China generally exists in the form of aluminosilicate minerals such as kaolinite, pyrophyllite, chlorite, illite and the like. In the process of bauxite flotation and desiliconization, the existing flotation reagent is mainly used for removing silicon-containing minerals such as kaolinite, pyrophyllite, chlorite and the like in ores and reducing the content of silicon dioxide in the ores, so that the aluminum-silicon ratio of the ores is improved, and the requirement of producing an alumina raw material by a Bayer process is met. However, since illite contains a large amount of K+When illite is crushed, K is released in addition to hydrogen bond breakage+And a high-density ionic bond surface is formed, so that the surface is strong in hydrophilicity and poor in natural floatability. K of the existing direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent and reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent on illite+The collecting capacity is weak, and a high-efficiency potassium removal collector needs to be developed for illite.
Chinese patent CN 105692658B discloses a method for recovering potassium carbonate from alumina production process. The method comprises the following steps: after the sodium aluminate solution is carbonated, according to the solubility difference of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate in the sodium aluminate solution, the potassium carbonate and the sodium carbonate are separated by adopting a method of multiple evaporative crystallization. The method can realize the recovery of potassium carbonate products, but the process is complex, the industrial application is difficult to carry out, and the K is not solved from the source+Harms the industrial production of aluminum.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements in the art to significantly reduce the potassium-containing minerals in potassium-containing bauxite, thereby improving the yield and quality of alumina products.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite. The potassium-containing bauxite flotation method provided by the invention adopts special flotation technologyThe definite floatation process and the proper positive floatation potassium removal collecting agent and reverse floatation potassium removal collecting agent are matched, so that the removal rate of potassium oxide in the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65%, the aluminum-silicon ratio of aluminum concentrate is improved, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an aluminum oxide product can be improved. In addition, the potassium-rich ore and the potassium-removed tailings can be obtained by the potassium-removing flotation method for the potassium-containing bauxite. Wherein K is contained in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore. K in potassium-removed tailings2The content of O is less than or equal to 1.44 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flotation process for potassium removal from potassium-containing bauxite, comprising:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85-95% of the total mass (the total mass of the potassium-containing bauxite);
(2) performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1);
(3) performing reverse flotation and potassium removal on the forward flotation underflow obtained in the forward flotation and potassium removal in the step (2);
in the step (2), a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the direct flotation potassium removal process; the positive flotation potassium removal collector is selected from: one or more than two of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid or oxidized paraffin soap;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process, and is selected from the following groups: one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process; the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (800-1200) g:1 t.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (150-500) g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (100-300) g:1 t.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite monopotassium removal flotation process, the direct flotation monopotassium removal collectors comprise sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid;
wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized paraffin soap to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite monopotassium removal flotation process, the positive flotation monopotassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and oxidized paraffin soap;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the oxidized paraffin soap is (2-3): (2-3).
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the direct flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid, and oxidized paraffin soap;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is (4-5): (1-2): (4-5).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is (2-3): (2-3).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (7-10): (0-3).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (7-10): (0-3).
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collectors comprise dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation depressant comprises starch and dextrin;
wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is (2-3): (2-3).
In some embodiments of the invention, in the flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite, in the step (2), the process of direct flotation potassium removal comprises 1 roughing, 1-3 concentrating and 1-3 scavenging, so as to obtain a direct flotation underflow and a potassium-removed aluminum concentrate (direct flotation froth);
in the process of direct flotation potassium removal, K2Removal of OThe removal rate is 65.08-66.65%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, in the step (3), the reverse flotation potassium removal process comprises 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging to obtain potassium-rich ore (reverse flotation froth) and potassium-removed tailings (reverse flotation underflow);
in the potassium-rich ore, in mass fraction, K2The content of O is 6.0-6.98%;
in the potassium-removed tailings, the mass fraction is K2The content of O is 1.12-1.44%.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, in the step (2), the pH value of ore pulp in the direct flotation potassium removal process is 9.0-9.5.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, in the step (3), before the reverse flotation potassium removal, the pH value of the forward flotation underflow obtained by the forward flotation potassium removal in the step (2) is adjusted to 6-6.5.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process comprises:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 90.92 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.5, then performing direct flotation potassium removal by using a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent, and performing 1-time roughing, 3-time concentrating and 1-time scavenging to obtain direct flotation underflow and potassium-removed aluminum concentrate;
wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 800g to 1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.5, then carrying out reverse flotation potassium removal by adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, and then carrying out 1-time roughing, 2-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging to obtain potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings;
wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 400g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 260g:1 t.
One or more technical embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the potassium-containing bauxite potassium-removing flotation method provided by the invention adopts a specific flotation process and is matched with a proper positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent, a proper reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and a proper reverse flotation inhibitor, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65%, the aluminum-silicon ratio of aluminum concentrate is improved, potassium-containing minerals in the potassium-containing bauxite are reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of aluminum oxide products can be improved. In addition, potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings are obtained, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings2The content of O is less than or equal to 1.44 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a flotation process for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flotation process for potassium removal from potassium-containing bauxite, comprising:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85-95% of the total mass;
(2) performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1);
(3) performing reverse flotation and potassium removal on the forward flotation underflow obtained in the forward flotation and potassium removal in the step (2);
in the step (2), a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the direct flotation potassium removal process; the positive flotation potassium removal collector is selected from: one or more than two of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid or oxidized paraffin soap;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process, and is selected from the following groups: one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process; the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin.
According to the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a specific flotation process is adopted and a proper positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent, a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor are matched, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of potassium-containing bauxite is larger than 65%, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an aluminum oxide product can be improved. In addition, potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings are obtained, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings2The content of O is less than or equal to 1.44 percent, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (800-1200) g:1 t.
The inventor conducts massive screening and optimization on the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite, and finally limits the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) to be (800-1200) g:1t, so that the removal rate of potassium oxide of the potassium-containing bauxite is larger than 66%, and potassium-containing minerals in the potassium-containing bauxite are further reduced from the source.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (150-500) g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (100-300) g:1 t.
The inventor carries out a large amount of screening and optimization on the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite and the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite, and finally limits the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) to be (150-500) g:1t and the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) to be (100-300) g:1t, so that K in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6.5 percent, and the obtained illite ore is more excellent; and K in the potassium-removed tailings2The content of O is less than or equal to 1.24 percent, and further realizes the waste-free comprehensive utilization.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite monopotassium removal flotation process, the direct flotation monopotassium removal collectors comprise sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).
The inventor realized that the selection of the composition and content of the collector for positive flotation potassium removal would lead to K in the positive flotation potassium removal process2The removal rate of O brings certain influence; according to the invention, by optimizing the components and the content of the collector for direct flotation and potassium removal, all the components in the collector for direct flotation and potassium removal can play a role together in the whole direct flotation process, so that K in the process of direct flotation and potassium removal2The removal rate of O is more than 65.5 percent, and the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is further reduced from the source.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the direct flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid, and oxidized paraffin soap;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is (4-5): (1-2): (4-5).
According to the invention, the components and the content of the collector for removing potassium by normal flotation are further optimized, so that the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is limited to (4-5): (1-2): (4-5) so as to allow direct flotationK in the process of potassium removal2The removal rate of O is more than 65.6 percent, and the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is further reduced from the source.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is (2-3): (2-3).
The inventors have realised that the selection of the composition and content of the reverse flotation de-potassic collector and reverse flotation depressants will be such that K is present in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O brings certain influence; according to the invention, by optimizing the components and contents of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitor, the components in the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitor can play a role together in the whole reverse flotation process, so that K in potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6.2 percent, and K is contained in the potassium-removed tailings2The content of O completely meets the requirements of producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation potassium removal collectors comprise dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3).
According to the invention, the components and contents of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent and the reverse flotation inhibitor are further optimized, so that the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is limited to (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3) so as to make K in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6.5 percent, and the potassium-removed tailingsK2The content of O completely meets the requirements of producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process, the reverse flotation depressant comprises starch and dextrin;
wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is (2-3): (2-3).
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process comprises:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 90.92 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.5, then performing direct flotation potassium removal by using a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent, and performing 1-time roughing, 3-time concentrating and 1-time scavenging to obtain direct flotation underflow and potassium-removed aluminum concentrate;
wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 800g to 1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.5, then carrying out reverse flotation potassium removal by adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, and carrying out 1-time roughing, 2-time fine separation and 1-time scavenging to obtain potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings;
wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 400g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 260g:1 t.
The inventor also recognized that the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation process is a complex process system in which processes such as grinding, forward flotation potassium removal and reverse flotation potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite are combined to act synergistically. Through balance optimization, the inventor finally selects the flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite provided by the above embodiment, specifically, the pH value of the slurry of potassium-containing bauxite is limited to 9.5, and the mass ratio of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap in the direct flotation potassium removal collector is 4: 1.5: 4.5, the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent contains dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5, the reverse flotation inhibitor comprises starch and dextrin in a mass ratio of 2: 3, the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 800g:1t, the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 400g:1t, and the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 260g:1 t; thereby realizing K in the process of direct flotation potassium removal2The removal rate of O reaches more than 66.65 percent, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced to the maximum from the source, and K in the potassium-rich bauxite is ensured2The content of O reaches more than 6.98 percent, and K in the potassium-removed tailings is also ensured2The content of O is less than 1.44 percent, and the waste-free comprehensive utilization is realized to the maximum extent.
The potassium-containing bauxite flotation process described in the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.
Example 1: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, wherein the raw ore K2O content 1.96%, Al2O358.35% of SiO2The content was 14.12%, and the A/S ratio was 4.13.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 92.36 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1), and then performing direct flotation potassium removal by using a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent to obtain the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 71.95%, the A/S of 6.8 and the K2Foam product with O content of 0.95% as a depassassassassassassiuted aluminium concentrate, wherein K is2The O removal rate was 65.12%, and the results are shown in Table 1;
wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2), and then performing reverse flotation potassium removal by adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor to obtain the potassium-containing bauxite with the A/S of 1.25 and the K2The foam product with the O content of 6.26 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and meets the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 2.62 and K is obtained2Underflow product with O content of 1.12% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 1;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;
table 1: index for flotation and potassium removal of certain potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou
Example 2: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, where K is2O content of 2.28%, Al2O358.64% of SiO2The content is 12.16 percent, and A/S is4.82；
The potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method comprises the following steps, and can refer to the figure 1:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 90.92 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.5, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining positive flotation underflow after 1-time roughing, 3-time concentrating and 1-time scavenging, wherein the yield is 77.58%, A/S is 8.15, K is K2Foam product with O content of 0.98% as a depassassassassassiuted aluminium concentrate, wherein K is2The O removal rate was 66.65%, and the results are shown in Table 2;
wherein the positive flotation potassium-removing collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 800g to 1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.5, then adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor to perform reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium/sodium (A/S) of 1.19 and K after 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2The foam product with the O content of 6.98 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and meets the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 1.87, K2Underflow product with O content of 1.44% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 2;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: 2.5;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 400g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 260g:1 t.
Table 2: index for flotation and potassium removal of certain potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou
Example 3: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Henan, raw ore K2O content 1.62%, Al2O356.52% of SiO2The content was 14.08%, and the A/S ratio was 4.01.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.0, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 72.66%, the A/S of 6.84 and the K through 1 time of rough concentration, 1 time of fine concentration and 3 times of scavenging2Foam products with an O content of 0.77% and the results are given in Table 3;
wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is 4: 1;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 1200g:1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6, then adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor to perform reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite with the A/S of 1.19 and the K through 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2A foam product with an O content of 6.65% as a resulting potassium-rich ore; the A/S is 1.74, K2Underflow with O content of 1.24%Product, as a potassium depleted tailing, results are shown in table 3;
wherein the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 1: 1;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 150g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 100g:1 t.
Table 3: index for removing potassium from potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Henan by flotation
Example 4: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Shanxi, raw ore K2O content 1.25%, Al2O359.56% of SiO2The content was 13.20%, and the A/S ratio was 4.51.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.5, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 78.91%, the A/S of 6.91 and the K through 1 time of rough concentration, 3 times of fine concentration and 3 times of scavenging2Foam products with an O content of 0.55% and the results are given in Table 4;
wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid; the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is 5: 1;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 1000g:1 t;
(3) will be provided withAdjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.2, then performing reverse flotation potassium removal by adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, and obtaining the bauxite with the A/S of 1.17 and the K through 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2The foam product with the O content of 6.20 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and reaches the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 1.85, K2Underflow product with O content of 1.12% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 4;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is 1: 1;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 3: 2;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 500g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 300g to 1 t.
Table 4: floatation potassium removal index of certain potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Shanxi
Example 5: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Henan, raw ore K2O content 1.46%, Al2O3Content of 57.62% SiO2The content was 13.72%, and the A/S ratio was 4.20.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 89.97 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.3, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 75.13%, the A/S of 7.06 and the K through 1 roughing, 1 concentrating and 3 scavenging2Foam products with an O content of 0.68% and the results are given in Table 5;
wherein the direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is sodium oleate;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 900g to 1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.0, then adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor to perform reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium/sodium (A/S) of 1.20 and K after 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2The foam product with the O content of 6.53 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and meets the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 1.66, K2Underflow product with O content of 1.18% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 5;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 7: 3;
the reverse flotation inhibitor is starch;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 300g to 1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 250g:1 t.
Table 5: index for removing potassium from potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Henan by flotation
Example 6: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, wherein the raw ore K2O content 1.96%, Al2O358.35% of SiO2The content was 14.12%, and the A/S ratio was 4.13.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 92.36 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.4, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 73.36%, the A/S of 6.94 and the K through 1 roughing, 3 concentrating and 1 scavenging2Foam product with O content of 0.92% as a depotated aluminium concentrate, wherein K is2The O removal rate was 65.52%, and the results are shown in Table 6;
wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid; the mass ratio of the oxidized paraffin soap to the benzohydroxamic acid is 5: 1;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 1000g:1 t;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2) to 6.5, then adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor to perform reverse flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the bauxite with A/S of 1.27 and K after 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2The foam product with the O content of 6.96 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and reaches the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 1.83 and K is obtained2Underflow product with O content of 1.36% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 6;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 5: 3.5: 3;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 450g to 1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 200g:1 t.
Table 6: index for flotation and potassium removal of certain potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou
Example 7: the invention relates to a flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite
Some potassium-containing bauxite in Guizhou, wherein the raw ore K2O content 1.96%, Al2O358.35% of SiO2The content was 14.12%, and the A/S ratio was 4.13.
The flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 92.36 percent of the total mass;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the potassium-containing bauxite slurry obtained in the step (1) to 9.4, then adopting a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to carry out positive flotation potassium removal, and obtaining the potassium-containing bauxite slurry with the yield of 73.36%, the A/S of 6.94 and the K through 1 roughing, 3 concentrating and 1 scavenging2Foam product with O content of 0.92% as a depotated aluminium concentrate, wherein K is2The O removal rate was 65.52%, and the results are shown in Table 7;
wherein the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent comprises oxidized paraffin soap and benzohydroxamic acid; the mass ratio of the oxidized paraffin soap to the benzohydroxamic acid is 5: 1;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 1000g:1 t;
(3) p of positive flotation underflow in the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (2)Adjusting H value to 6.5, reverse flotation potassium removal is carried out by adopting a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, and A/S is 1.27 and K is obtained by 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging2The foam product with the O content of 6.96 percent is used for obtaining potassium-rich ore and reaches the standard requirement of illite ore; the A/S is 1.83 and K is obtained2Underflow product with O content of 1.36% as potassium-depleted tailings, results are shown in table 7;
the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent adopted by the reverse flotation potassium removal comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 5: 1;
the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin; the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is 2: 3;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 450g to 1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 200g:1 t.
Table 7: index for flotation and potassium removal of certain potassium-containing high-sulfur bauxite in Guizhou
Example 8: in the flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite, the potassium removal collecting agent and potassium-containing aluminum are directly floated and removed
Soil-ore mass ratio optimization screening experiment
Under the condition that other process parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the mass ratio of the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method provided by the invention to the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal collector in the direct flotation mode is compared according to the mass ratio limited by the invention, and the results of the optimized screening experiment are shown in a table 8:
table 8: the mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite is screened in the flotation method
| Group of | Mass ratio of direct flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to potassium-containing bauxite | K in the direct flotation process2O removal Rate (%) |
| 1 | 1200g:1t | 65.66 |
| 2 | 1000g:1t | 65.12 |
| 3 | 800g:1t | 66.65 |
| 4 | 1000g:1t | 65.08 |
| 5 | 900g:1t | 65.52 |
As can be seen from Table 8, group 3, i.e., K at a mass ratio of the direct flotation potassium removal collector to potassium-containing bauxite of 800g:1t2The removal rate of O is optimal, so that the optimal selection is determined in the flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite provided by the invention that the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 800g:1 t.
Example 9: in the flotation method for potassium removal of potassium-containing bauxite, the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and potassium-containing aluminum are used
Soil-ore mass ratio optimization screening experiment
Under the condition that other process parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method provided by the invention are compared according to the mass ratio defined by the invention, and the results are shown in a table 9:
table 9: screening the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite in the flotation method
As can be seen from Table 9, the group 3, i.e., the reverse flotation potassium removal collector, had the best effect when the mass ratio to the potassium-containing bauxite was 400g:1t, and K was found in the potassium-rich ore2The O content was 6.98. Therefore, in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method provided by the invention, the optimal selection is determined that the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is 400g:1 t.
Example 10: the invention relates to a positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent component and a content optimization screening experiment thereof
Under the condition that other technological parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the components and the content of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent are fed according to the invention, and the results are shown in a table 10:
table 10: verification of effects of components and contents of positive flotation potassium removal collecting agent
As can be seen from table 10, group 5, the positive flotation potassium removal collector, contained sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid, and oxidized paraffin soap in a mass ratio of 4: 1.5: k at 4.52The removal rate of O is optimal, so that the collecting agent for direct flotation and potassium removal provided by the invention comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap, and the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is 4: 1.5: 4.5 is the optimal choice.
Example 11: the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent component and the content optimization screening experiment thereof
Under the condition that other technological parameters are not changed in the potassium-containing bauxite potassium removal flotation method, the components and the content of the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent are fed according to the invention, and the results are shown in a table 11:
table 11: verification of effects of components and content of reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent
As can be seen from table 11, the reverse flotation de-potassic collector of group 5 comprised a mass ratio of the dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, the dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, and the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide of 3.5: 4: optimum effect at 2.5 hours, K in potassium-rich ores2The O content was 6.98. Therefore, the reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent provided by the invention comprises the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 3.5: 4: and 2.5 is the optimal choice.
As can be seen from the above examples of the present invention, the potassium-removed bauxite flotation provided by the present inventionThe selection method adopts a specific flotation process and is matched with a proper direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent, a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent and a reverse flotation inhibitor, so that the potassium oxide removal rate of the potassium-containing bauxite is more than 65 percent, the potassium-containing mineral in the potassium-containing bauxite is reduced from the source, and the yield and the quality of an aluminum oxide product are improved; in addition, potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings are obtained, wherein K in the potassium-rich ore2The content of O is more than or equal to 6 percent and can meet the standard requirement of illite ore; k in potassium-removed tailings2The content of O completely meets the requirement, can be used for producing building materials such as insulating bricks, baking-free bricks, common sintered bricks and the like, and realizes waste-free comprehensive utilization.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A flotation process for potassium removal from potassium-containing bauxite, the process comprising:
(1) grinding the potassium-containing bauxite until the potassium-containing bauxite with the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 85-95% of the total mass;
(2) performing direct flotation to remove potassium from the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1);
(3) performing reverse flotation and potassium removal on the forward flotation underflow obtained in the forward flotation and potassium removal in the step (2);
in the step (2), a direct flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the direct flotation potassium removal process; the positive flotation potassium removal collector is selected from: one or more than two of sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid or oxidized paraffin soap;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation potassium removal collecting agent is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process, and is selected from the following groups: one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;
in the step (3), a reverse flotation inhibitor is adopted in the reverse flotation potassium removal process; the reverse flotation depressor is selected from starch and/or dextrin;
the mass ratio of the positive flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (800-1200) g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation potassium-removing collecting agent to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (150-500) g:1 t;
the mass ratio of the reverse flotation inhibitor to the potassium-containing bauxite obtained in the step (1) is (100-300) g:1 t; in the step (2), the process of removing potassium by direct flotation comprises 1 time of roughing, 1-3 times of fine separation and 1-3 times of scavenging;
in the process of direct flotation potassium removal, K2The removal rate of O is 65.08-66.65%.
2. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate and benzohydroxamic acid;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid is (4-5): (0 to 1).
3. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the forward flotation potassium removal collector comprises sodium oleate, benzohydroxamic acid and oxidized paraffin soap;
wherein the mass ratio of the sodium oleate to the benzohydroxamic acid to the oxidized paraffin soap is (4-5): (1-2): (4-5).
4. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride;
wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is (2-3): (2-3).
5. A flotation process according to claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation de-potassic collector comprises dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; wherein the mass ratio of the dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is (3.5-5): (3.5-5): (1-3).
6. The flotation process of claim 1, wherein the reverse flotation depressants comprise starch and dextrin;
wherein the mass ratio of the starch to the dextrin is (2-3): (2-3).
7. The flotation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the reverse flotation potassium removal process comprises 1 roughing, 2 concentrating and 1 scavenging to obtain potassium-rich ore and potassium-removed tailings;
in the potassium-rich ore, in mass fraction, K2The content of O is 6.0-6.98%;
in the potassium-removed tailings, the mass fraction is K2The content of O is 1.12-1.44%.
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