CN100382894C

CN100382894C - Gradient floatation method for bauxite

Info

Publication number: CN100382894C
Application number: CNB2005100323263A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡岳华; 王毓华; 邓海波; 顾国华; 何平波; 覃文庆
Original assignee: Central South University
Current assignee: Central South University
Priority date: 2005-11-01
Filing date: 2005-11-01
Publication date: 2008-04-23
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-01
Also published as: CN1958168A

Abstract

A gradient floatation method for bauxite includes such steps as grinding raw bauxite, adding chemicals, stirring, coarse floatation steps No.1 and No.2 while respectively controlling the concentration of sludge to 30% or more and 15-20%, and fine floatation steps No.1, No.2 and No.3.

Description

A kind of gradient floatation method of bauxite

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of gradient floatation method of bauxite, particularly the bauxite floating method of low alumina silica ratio (3～5) belongs to the Mineral Processing Engineering technical field.

Background technology

China's bauxite resource is abundant, and stock number has 2,500,000,000 tons according to statistics.China's bauxite ore is based on diaspore-kaolinite appositional pattern bauxitic ore, in the ore of low alumina silica ratio (4～8) account for more than 80%, and the ore of high aluminium silicon ratio (A/S＞10) only accounts for 6.94%.Successfully utilize the key of this resource to be to improve the bauxite aluminium-silicon ratio by the method for ore dressing, in recent years, the bauxite flotation desiliconization of China has obtained breakthrough progress, and existing technology mainly contains:

A. ore concentration of bauxite method, publication number CN1080569A, open day in January, 1994.This patent mainly is with containing Al ₂O ₃About 68% bauxitic ore, flotation improve its Al ₂O ₃Grade to 74% is used to produce refractory material, and the rate of recovery is low.

B. the method for floating of a bauxite, publication number CN1607926A, open day in February, 1999.This patent main feature is at containing Al ₂O ₃About 64.8%, SiO ₂11.5%, A/S is 5.8～6 bauxitic ore, with slightly roughly grinding to 40%～80%-0.074mm, floatingly select the diaspore rich intergrowth then as concentrate, it is discarded that flotation tailing removes thin mud with the gravity treatment classification again, and coarse grain then returns the flotation of regrinding as chats.

C. ore concentration of bauxite method, publication number CN1324696A, open day December calendar year 2001.This patent adopts and contains Al ₂O ₃About 59%～65%, SiO ₂9%～11.5% bauxitic ore, flotation improve its Al ₂O ₃Grade is to A/S＞10.Floatation process is a direct flotation, adopts combined modifier and composite collector, flotation flowsheet be 1 thick 1 sweep repeatedly selected.

D. the dressing process for desiliconizing of a bauxite, publication number CN1369328A, open day in September, 2002.This patent is on the basis of patent c., and by screening, classification or gravity treatment, thin mud is as tailing waste with cleaner tailings, and coarse grain or gravity concentrate can be directly and the flotation concentrate merging, or send the flotation again of regrinding as chats.

E. middle low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte dressing process for desiliconizing, Granted publication CN1125777C, in October, 2003 Granted publication day.This patent is applicable to the middle low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte of A/S 4-7, it is characterized in that: carry out classification after bauxite is milled to release mesh, coarse fraction is all or part of as concentrate 1, fine fraction adding floating agent carries out flotation and obtains flotation concentrate 2, and concentrate 1 and concentrate 2 merge as the ore concentration of bauxite concentrate.

F. a hydraulic aluminium type inverse floatation of bauxite desilication method, publication number CN1370625A, open day in September, 2002.It is characterized in that: after bauxite is milled to release mesh, utilize floating agent and certain technology to improve the surface hydrophobicity/hydrophilic nmature difference of diaspore and aluminosilicate gangue mineral, adopt the reverse floatation process scheme with aluminosilicate gangue mineral emersion to foam as tailing waste, the bottom land product is a bauxite concentrate.

Adopt existing technology, by bauxite forward flotation technology (selective milling-flotation desilication), can be from high alumina (Al ₂O ₃About 62%～65%) high silicon (SiO, ₂The diaspore type ore of low-grade alumina silica ratio about 12%～14%), (A/S about 5～7) obtains A/S greater than 10 bauxite concentrate.Inverse floatation of bauxite desiliconization technology then be siliceous gangue mineral that content in the ore is less as the froth pulp emersion, productive rate is that 70%～80% diaspore concentrate is stayed in the flotation cell.

In the existing bauxite floating method, (bauxite of 0.075mm～0.15mm) is difficult to come-up in the roughing flotation process all to have relative slightly coarse grain, or the back phenomenon of in refining process, falling groove of come-up, seriously affect normally carrying out and the flotation recovery rate index of bauxite flotation process.

In addition, for China low aluminium (Al distributed more widely ₂O ₃Be about 55%～60%), low alumina silica ratio (A/S is about 3～5) diaspore type bauxite, because its ore disseminated grain size is thin, the difficulty of dissociating, containing difficulty selects intergrowth ore and difficulty to select illite type silicate gangue many, belong to and be difficult to the lean ore directly producing aluminium oxide and be difficult to sort with smelting process (Bayer process mixed connection method, sintering process) in the past with existing ore concentration of bauxite method (selective milling-flotation desilication etc.), this type of ore or become abandoned mine, slow-witted ore deposit, or lose and poorly destroyed and abandon owing in exploitation, adopting richness.

Summary of the invention

In order to make full use of low alumina silica ratio (3～5) bauxite resource of China, the invention provides a kind of gradient floatation method of bauxite.

A kind of gradient floatation method of bauxite, at first the bauxite raw ore is carried out ore grinding, after adding the medicament stirring, after roughly selecting 1, roughly selecting 2, selected 1, selected 2, selected 3 bauxite concentrate, roughly select mine tailing behind 2 the mine tailing and selected 1 after essence is scanned or is concentrated true tailings, wherein, roughly select 1 operation pulp density to be controlled to be 〉=35%, roughly select 2 operation pulp density and be controlled to be 15%～20%, roughly selecting 1 is an independently work cycle, and the chats of subsequent job turns back to roughly selects 2; Selected 1, selected 2, selected 3 are designed to have the pulp density gradient distributes, the operation pulp density of each selected operation 1～2 groove is controlled to be 〉=and 20%, each selected operation 1～2 groove is an independently work cycle, and the chats of subsequent job all turns back to the follow-up groove of each selected operation.

The flotation machine impeller rotating speed of bauxite is designed to have the adjustable-speed gradient and distributes, and roughly selects 1, flotation machine impeller rotational line speed selected 1, selected 2, selected 3 operations 1～2 groove is 65%～85% of follow-up flotation operation flotation machine impeller rotational line speed.

For guaranteeing to roughly select 2 operation pulp density, selected 1 chats that returns is wherein suitably dewatered, concentrated underflow returns roughly selects 2, and overflow is as tailing waste; Or selected 1 chats is carried out essence scan, essence is scanned the foam chats and is returned and roughly select 2, and essence is scanned underflow as tailing waste.

Adopt the present invention, bauxite mine particle group after ore grinding is dissociated with the distribution of granularity gradient, can realize the substep floatation at different velocity by corresponding flotation velocity gradient, thereby (bauxite of 0.075mm～0.15mm) is difficult to come-up in floatation process to solve coarse grain relatively slightly, or the back phenomenon of in refining process, falling groove of come-up, to improve the flotation recovery rate index.The present invention is applicable to various dissimilar bauxite, particularly can be applicable to the flotation desilication of low alumina silica ratio (A/S is about 3～5) diaspore type bauxite.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: process chart of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Henan bauxite, raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃55.10%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 4.67.

Process system is: the granularity of ore milling product accounts for about 88%～92% for-0.074mm, and the acid-base value that adopts sodium carbonate to adjust flotation system is controlled at pH 8.5～9.0, adds scattered inhibitor and combined capturing and collecting agent and carries out flotation.Flotation flowsheet is 2 thick 1 to sweep 2 essences, adopts the technical scheme of substep floatation at different velocity, roughly select 1 pulp density to be controlled to be 〉=35%.The closed-circuit test index sees Table 1.

Table 1 closed-circuit test index

Embodiment 2:

Henan bauxite, raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃55.96%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 4.72.

Process system is: the granularity of ore milling product accounts for about 88%～92% for-0.074mm, and the acid-base value that adopts sodium carbonate to adjust flotation system is controlled at pH 8.5～9.0, adds inorganic salts scattered inhibitor and combined capturing and collecting agent and carries out flotation.

The lt/d scale reelect expanding test, flotation flowsheet is 2 thick 1 to sweep 3 essences, adopts the technical scheme of substep floatation at different velocity, roughly selects 1 pulp density to be controlled to be 〉=35%.

Reelect test index and see Table 2.

Table 2 is reelected test index

Embodiment 3:

Certain bauxite, raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃61.71%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 3.99.

Process system is: the granularity of ore milling product accounts for about 88%～92% for-0.074mm, and the acid-base value that adopts sodium carbonate to adjust flotation system is controlled at pH 8.5～9.0, adds scattered inhibitor and combined capturing and collecting agent and carries out flotation.Flotation flowsheet is 2 thick 1 to sweep 3 essences, adopts the technical scheme of substep floatation at different velocity, roughly select 1 pulp density to be controlled to be 〉=35%.Closed-circuit test the results are shown in Table 3.

Certain bauxite flotation desiliconization closed-circuit test index of table 3

Embodiment 4:

Certain low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte, raw ore contains Al ₂O ₃55.43%, alumina silica ratio (A/S) is 3.36.

Process system is: the granularity of ore milling product accounts for 88% for-0.074mm, and the acid-base value that adopts sodium carbonate to adjust flotation system is controlled at pH 8.5～9.0, adds scattered inhibitor and combined capturing and collecting agent and carries out flotation.Flotation flowsheet is 2 thick 1 to sweep 2 essences, scans foam and 2 selected underflows merge as chats.

The flotation open-circuit test the results are shown in Table 4.

Certain low alumina-silicon ratio alumyte flotation desilication open-circuit test index of table 4

Result of the test shows, uses the gradient floatation new method of bauxite of the present invention, and all kinds of ores of sorting provide to meet the bauxite concentrate of smelting the stripping requirement more effectively.Particularly the present invention can be applicable to low aluminium (Al ₂O ₃Be about 55%～60%), the flotation desilication of low alumina silica ratio (A/S is about 3～5) diaspore type bauxite, and obtain technic index preferably.

Claims

1. the gradient floatation method of a bauxite, comprise the bauxite raw ore is carried out ore grinding, after adding the medicament stirring, after roughly selecting 1, roughly selecting 2, selected 1, selected 2, selected 3, get bauxite concentrate, roughly select mine tailing behind 2 the mine tailing and selected 1 after scanning true tailings, it is characterized in that: wherein, roughly select 1 operation pulp density to be controlled to be 〉=35%, roughly select 2 operation pulp density and be controlled to be 15%～20%, roughly selecting 1 is an independently work cycle, and the chats of subsequent job turns back to roughly selects 2; Selected 1, selected 2, selected 3 are designed to have the pulp density gradient distributes, the operation pulp density of each selected operation the 1st～2 groove is controlled to be 〉=and 20%, each selected operation the 1st～2 groove is an independently work cycle, and the chats of subsequent job all turns back to the follow-up groove of each selected operation; Roughly select 1, flotation machine impeller rotational line speed selected 1, selected 2, selected 3 operations the 1st～2 groove is 65%～85% of follow-up flotation operation flotation machine impeller rotational line speed.

2. the gradient floatation method method of bauxite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: roughly select 2 selected 1 chats and suitably dewater and concentrate underflow and return and roughly select 2 returning, overflow is as tailing waste; Or selected 1 chats is carried out essence scan, essence is scanned the foam chats and is returned and roughly select 2, and essence is scanned underflow as tailing waste.