CN1401254A - Lychee storage and transportation fresh-retaining method - Google Patents

Lychee storage and transportation fresh-retaining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1401254A
CN1401254A CN 02134343 CN02134343A CN1401254A CN 1401254 A CN1401254 A CN 1401254A CN 02134343 CN02134343 CN 02134343 CN 02134343 A CN02134343 A CN 02134343A CN 1401254 A CN1401254 A CN 1401254A
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lichee
fruit
treatment
ultrasonic wave
preservation method
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CN 02134343
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CN1202728C (en
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钟楚杰
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Huizhou litchi professional technology association
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Huizhou litchi professional technology association
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Abstract

An anstistaling method for the storage and transportation of fresh litchi includes selection, rinsing in the aqueous solution of ozone, classifying, ultrasonic water washing, high-temp heat treating, cold treating, treating with gas, spraying antistaling agent, packing and cold storage. Its antistaling period can reach 40-50 days.

Description

A kind of lychee storage, transportation fresh-retaining method
Technical field
The storage of the present invention and a kind of fresh fruit, transportation fresh-retaining method are meant a kind of storage at firm harvesting lichee, transportation fresh-retaining method especially.
Background technology
Lichee is to be difficult to fresh-keeping subtropical fruit, and is fresh-keeping especially at normal temperatures more difficult, and 1~3 day color and luster is decayed, mouthfeel is not good though generally can deposit at normal temperatures.At present the method for lichee fresh-keeping mainly contains domestic conventional cold-treating process, promptly plucks the back with low temperature liquid phase bactericide (frozen water) soaking and washing and the method packing then, refrigerate with antistaling agent, but at most also can only deposit about one day after going out freezer and putting on the shelf; Another kind method is to adopt heat treatment earlier, promptly murders worm, bacterium with about 100 ℃ steamed, carries out cold treatment again, and the freshness date after the outbound as hereinbefore; Also having a kind of preservation method is to transport to processing factory after plucking to handle the SO that promptly utilizes burning sulphur to produce with special stove drying machine 2Gas kill bacteria and insect are also cut off the sulfenyl of the part organized enzyme in the fresh fruit, reduce its respiratory intensity, but process easily pollutes and stove drying concentration is difficult for grasping, concentration is hanged down and is not had bactericidal action, the concentration height makes pericarp variable color, pulp spoiled again, and also must refrigerate as placing more than 5 days after the stove drying, the outbound shelf life also is difficult to surpass two days later.China's ZL99116038.X patent " lichee storage fresh-keeping method " discloses a kind of preservation method: pluck medium well lichee, screen out mashed, split, undermined ill insect pest fruit after, bactericide with chloride 0.1% cleans and sterilization, back with medicament is done fresh-keeping processing, carry out cold treatment after drying packing, cool to below 10 ℃ in 3~5 ℃ of storages, its packing adopts antifog preservative film, put on the shelf and do not unpack when selling, also there is conspicuous drawback in this patent.China's ZL00105153.9 patent application " a kind of comprehensive physical method for antistaling litchi " disclosed fresh-keeping program is that debranching harvestings, fresh fruit Refrigerated Transport, Pesticidal and sterilizing, incubator packing, quick-frozen are guaranteed the quality, chilled storage is fresh-keeping, the transportation of freezing chain, sell fresh-keeping, microwave thawing and reduce fresh-keeping, its concrete operations mode is for adopting 90~100 ℃ of 2~10 seconds of hot-water soak or carrying out Pesticidal and sterilizing in smoked 10~60 seconds with heat steam, promptly soak fruit, dry then with 1~10 ℃ of cold liquid preparing, put into subzero 20~28 ℃ of freezers storage again, need microwave thawing when putting on the shelf.This patent application combines aforementioned prior art, but there is bigger destruction in cryogenic freezing to the good fruit matter in the south of the Five Ridges of cold-hartliness extreme difference, is not a kind of desirable method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of harvesting, the transportation of fresh fruit low temperature, Pesticidal and sterilizing, film, pack, put in storage refrigeration, sell streamlined complete set technology, reached more than 40~50 days, Kaifeng shelf-life of putting on the shelf reaches 3~5 days lychee storage, transportation fresh-retaining method the fresh fruit shelf-life based on the mechanization standard operation.
A kind of lychee storage, transportation fresh-retaining method have been designed according to above-mentioned purpose, this method is included in and plucks maturity fine early morning is 8 one-tenth lichee, fresh fruit through low temperature transportation, choosing fruit, cleaning and Pesticidal and sterilizing, packing refrigeration, go into outbound, the sale of putting on the shelf, wherein the temperature of low temperature transportation is 10~20 ℃; Advance after the factory earlier lichee to be screened simply, remove mashed, split, undermined ill insect pest fruit, put into again have sterilization, the ozone water solution of degrading pesticide effect does rinsing and sterilization to fruit; Lichee after the cleaning enters conveyer belt and does further go-no-go; Lichee after the go-no-go sends into that the ultrasonic wave cleaning sink further cleans, Pesticidal and sterilizing; Lichee entered with conveyer belt and carries out cold treatment between cold treatment after ultrasonic wave cleaned, and entered and carried out gas treatment between isolation; Enter the Preservation Treatment operation after finishing gas treatment, pack then and enter freezer and make cryopreservation.
Described in ozone water solution the ozone concentration during rinsing be 0.05~0.3mg/L, 3~5 minutes rinsing time; Further go-no-go after the rinsing is to carry out through between the sealing behind the ozonization; The cleaning of ultrasonic wave cleaning sink, cold treatment, gas treatment, Preservation Treatment and packing warehouse-in also all carry out between the independence of relative closure.Wherein, ultrasonic wave cleans and is accompanied by heat treatment, fills 40~80 ℃ hot water in the ultrasonic wave tank, and this hot water is 100~300PPM ClO 2The aqueous solution, scavenging period 10~30 seconds, ultrasonic intensity are 0.5~1KW/cm 2Cold treatment after the heat treatment comprises air cooling and water cooling twice program, promptly the lichee after ultrasonic wave cleans cooled off in 7~10 ℃ air 1~5 minute earlier, in 0~7 ℃ water, soaked 10~40 minutes then, water outlet after the sponge roller suck dry moisture on the conveyer belt enter between gas treatment; Gas treatment is meant that lichee exposes 20~90 fens clock times of ozone gas environment at 2~4 ℃; Preservation Treatment comprises to the lichee on the conveyer belt sprays fresh-keeping medicine and the lichee surface of spray behind the medicine is carried out air-dry, packs with the polyethylene preservative film of 0.04~0.05 millimeter thickness thereafter.In addition, aforesaid whole process of production water and workshop are all through the ozonization sterilization processing.
Owing to realized semi-mechanized operation, the damage that litchi is subjected in whole Preservation Treatment process has dropped to minimum level, has guaranteed good fruit rate, guarantee is provided for prolonging storage period; Repeatedly, multimode cleaning, cleaned the surface of litchi to greatest extent, removed earth, dust, germ and insect comparatively up hill and dale attached to rough fruit surface, prolonged freshness date effectively.Through facts have proved, the litchi freshness date that adopts the inventive method to handle reached more than 40~50 days, good fruit rate reaches more than 90%, freshness date after putting on the shelf in Kaifeng reaches 3~5 days, be applicable to the suitability for industrialized production and the long sea voyage of various scales, and successfully realized sea, air transport delivery outlet in 2002 to countries such as America and Europes, realize extensive outlet for domestic lichee condition is provided.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a process flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
The present invention carries out comprehensive preservation with physical method to handle, and whole flow process is not used agricultural chemicals, only is aided with the use crude antistaling agent.At first, in order to satisfy the requirement of export quarantine to residues of pesticides, no disease and pest, pollution-free food place of production eco-environmental quality standard fixed point is pressed in the orchard, the orchard production management is carried out by the pollution-free food production operational procedure, do not have the fruit of disease and pest to guarantee producing high-quality, reduce fruit moth rate, reduce residues of pesticides, accomplish fluently the fresh-keeping basis of lychee storage.The lichee that is used for Long-term Storage and transportation, should be advisable with medium well during harvesting, at this moment fruit is zoon substantially, reach edible stage and pericarp color and luster and reach optimum state substantially, but do not enter the fruit senescence stage as yet, comparatively storage tolerance also can continue maturation in storage period, storage its local flavor of later stage even may be better than the storage initial stage.Though the fruit storage tolerance of medium well, color and luster and local flavor are all relatively poor; Ninety percent ripe overdone should not being used for preserved, and should sell immediately.
Lichee after the harvesting should be immediately is that 10~20 ℃ refrigerator car is transported to processing factory by compartment temperature, and adopting the purpose of refrigerator car is to make transportation become a requisite ring, i.e. precooling process in the whole preservation process.Go into after the factory earlier screening simply and remove fruit mashed, that split, undermined ill insect pest, put into again have sterilization, the degrading pesticide effect, concentration is that the ozone water solution of 0.05mg~0.3/L is made rinsing and preliminary sterilization processing to fruit; Lichee after the cleaning enter through ozonization, isolate further go-no-go comprehensively of conveyer belt intercropping.
Lichee after the go-no-go is sent into equally and is further cleaned between the ultrasonic wave cleaning sink of indoor sterilization is isolated, Pesticidal and sterilizing, and the characteristics of this operation are that the water in the tank is 40~80 ℃ ClO 2The aqueous solution, real compound working procedure for heat treatment and ultrasonic wave cleaning.The ultrasonic wave cleaning sink adopts the inventor's Chinese ZL01256298.X patent disclosure that have, that authorized " a kind of fruit and vegetable cleaning, freshness preserving equipment ", this set structure is simple, practical, because the conveyer belt transfer rate is low, be cleaned fruits and vegetables be in static relatively in, therefore ultrasonic wave comes and goes resonance, forms standing wave, the cleaning function that the ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon is brought is able to effective performance, the cleaning efficiency height, fruit and vegetable surface cleanliness height, fruit and vegetable not damaged and through sterilizing has repeatedly repeatedly prolonged the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing phase significantly.
Ultrasonic wave cleans the back lichee and enters the cold treatment of carrying out dark degree between the cold treatment that indoor ozone has been sterilized with conveyer belt, enters and carries out gas treatment between isolation; Enter the Preservation Treatment operation after finishing gas treatment, pack then and enter freezer and make cryopreservation, at last according to the sales situation outbound, transport, put on the shelf, bought by the consumer, finished whole preservation process.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of lychee storage, transportation fresh-retaining method, this method is included in and plucks maturity fine early morning is 8 one-tenth lichee, fresh fruit through low temperature transportation, choosing fruit, cleaning and Pesticidal and sterilizing, packing refrigeration, go into outbound, the sale of putting on the shelf, the temperature that it is characterized in that the low temperature transportation is 10~20 ℃; Advance after the factory first simple screening remove mashed, split, undermined ill insect pest fruit, put into again have sterilization, the ozone water solution of degrading pesticide effect does rinsing and sterilization to fruit;
Lichee after the cleaning enters conveyer belt and does further go-no-go; Lichee after the go-no-go sends into that the ultrasonic wave cleaning sink further cleans, Pesticidal and sterilizing; Lichee entered with conveyer belt and carries out cold treatment between cold treatment after ultrasonic wave cleaned, and entered and carried out gas treatment between isolation; Finish entering spraying antistaling agent operation after the gas treatment, pack then and enter freezer and make cryopreservation.
2, preservation method according to claim 1, the ozone concentration that it is characterized in that described ozone water solution is 0.05~0.3mg/L, 3~5 minutes rinsing time.
3, preservation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described further go-no-go is to carry out through between the sealing behind the ozonization.
4, preservation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cleaning of described ultrasonic wave cleaning sink, cold treatment, gas treatment, Preservation Treatment and packing warehouse-in all carry out at relative closure and between the independence of ozonization.
5, preservation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the hot water that described ultrasonic wave cleaning sink fills 40~80 ℃, and this hot water is 100~300PPM ClO 2The aqueous solution, scavenging period 10~30 seconds, ultrasonic intensity are 0.5~1KW/cm 2
6, preservation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described cold treatment comprises air cooling and water cooling twice program, lichee after ultrasonic wave cleans cooled off in 7~10 ℃ air 1~5 minute earlier, in 0~7 ℃ water, soaked 10~40 minutes then, water outlet after the sponge roller suck dry moisture on the conveyer belt enter between gas treatment.
7, preservation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that gas treatment is meant that lichee exposes 20~90 fens clock times of ozone gas environment at 2~4 ℃.
8, preservation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described Preservation Treatment comprises to the lichee on the conveyer belt sprays fresh-keeping medicine and the lichee surface of spray behind the medicine is carried out air-dry, packs with preservative film thereafter.
9, preservation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that described industrial water and workshop are all through the ozonization sterilization processing.
CN 02134343 2002-07-05 2002-07-05 Lychee storage and transportation fresh-retaining method Expired - Fee Related CN1202728C (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101828596A (en) * 2010-03-16 2010-09-15 华南农业大学 Method for storage and fresh preservation of litchi fruits
CN102067958A (en) * 2010-12-09 2011-05-25 江南大学 Quality assurance method by high-quality composite degradation of pesticide residues in orange peels
CN102960794A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-03-13 仲恺农业工程学院 Freeze concentration processing method of litchi juice
CN103141558A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 王金玉 Lychee preservative and fresh-keeping method
CN104996555A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-10-28 陆月霞 Storing and refreshing method of litchis
CN105104510A (en) * 2015-09-23 2015-12-02 界首市地龙养殖专业合作社 Fresh-preservation method for figs
CN105166020A (en) * 2015-08-10 2015-12-23 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 Fresh keeping method for long-range transportation of mangos
CN105432777A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-30 中国科学院华南植物园 Storage and fresh-keeping method for litchi fruits

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101828596A (en) * 2010-03-16 2010-09-15 华南农业大学 Method for storage and fresh preservation of litchi fruits
CN101828596B (en) * 2010-03-16 2013-03-06 华南农业大学 Method for storage and fresh preservation of litchi fruits
CN102067958A (en) * 2010-12-09 2011-05-25 江南大学 Quality assurance method by high-quality composite degradation of pesticide residues in orange peels
CN102067958B (en) * 2010-12-09 2012-09-26 江南大学 Quality assurance method by high-quality composite degradation of pesticide residues in orange peels
CN102960794A (en) * 2012-11-28 2013-03-13 仲恺农业工程学院 Freeze concentration processing method of litchi juice
CN103141558A (en) * 2013-03-27 2013-06-12 王金玉 Lychee preservative and fresh-keeping method
CN104996555A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-10-28 陆月霞 Storing and refreshing method of litchis
CN105166020A (en) * 2015-08-10 2015-12-23 攀枝花市鸿鹄农业开发有限责任公司 Fresh keeping method for long-range transportation of mangos
CN105104510A (en) * 2015-09-23 2015-12-02 界首市地龙养殖专业合作社 Fresh-preservation method for figs
CN105432777A (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-30 中国科学院华南植物园 Storage and fresh-keeping method for litchi fruits

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