CN102144662B - Storage and fresh-keeping method for fresh water caltrop - Google Patents
Storage and fresh-keeping method for fresh water caltrop Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144662B CN102144662B CN 201110060024 CN201110060024A CN102144662B CN 102144662 B CN102144662 B CN 102144662B CN 201110060024 CN201110060024 CN 201110060024 CN 201110060024 A CN201110060024 A CN 201110060024A CN 102144662 B CN102144662 B CN 102144662B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage and fresh-keeping method for a fresh water caltrop, which mainly comprises steps of cleansing, sorting, color conservation, disinfection by ozone, fumigation, film coating, boxing up and low temperature storage, and the like. In the method, the unwounded ripe water caltrop is disinfected twice at normal temperature, and the shell surface of the ripe water caltrop is packaged with a protective film for isolating the air, so that the water caltrop is in the dormant state in sanitary environment, the preservation period of the fresh water caltrop can be more than 3 months; moreover, the color conservation step, the disinfection step and the film coating step are only performed on the shell of the water caltrop, so that the kernel of the water caltrop can keep special flavor of the fresh water caltrop under the protection of the water caltrop shell, and the water caltrop stored for 3 months is also suitable for being cooked as vegetables and boiled for eating; so the method is a good method for prolonging the storage period of the shelled water caltrop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that the freshness date of fresh water caltrop can be extended to more than 3 months, belong to extraordinary preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing field.
Background technology
Water caltrop is as a kind of important aquatic industrial crops, and the net City Regions all has large-area plantation in the south China lake." ten thousand mu of water chestnut fields " large-scale planting is released in some place, adopts the planting technology water caltrops such as hot house, greenhouse, its market supply time by in the past 8-10 month extend to 6-11 month, water caltrop output also significantly increases.But because the water caltrop deep process technology is immature, in the production busy season, a large amount of water caltrops are because of unsalable and rotten, and only a small amount of old water chestnut is adopted water to hide the method preservation or is processed into freezing water chestnut benevolence, and the water caltrop of water Tibetan method preservation must be old water caltrop, mainly as kind of a water chestnut preservation; In a single day the water chestnut benevolence of freeze preservation take out freezer, water chestnut rice with regard to oxidized generation brown stain because brown stain easily occurs, mildew, the problem such as dehydration, water chestnut benevolence are softening, its freshness date generally is no more than a week.There is no at present effective preservation method of bright water chestnut.ZL03124782.2 patent disclosed " except shell water caltrop normal temperature fresh-keeping method " the fresh-keeping water caltrop of scheme, after 80-90 ℃ sterilization processing of process, partial starch is gelatinization, in the later stage storage, water chestnut rice can the phenomenon that ossifys occur because of age of starch, make water chestnut rice lose the peculiar taste of bright water chestnut, also because remove water chestnut rice endocarp with alkali lye, be prone to water chestnut rice metachromatism simultaneously; Because adopting sterilization conditions vacuum-packed and 80-90 ℃ to carry out sterilization processing, sterilization is also insufficient again, and easily generation is expanded the bag phenomenon and caused cost to increase.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve water caltrop particularly with the too short problem of shell water caltrop storage time, providing a kind of can extend to the freshness date with the fresh water caltrop of shell more than 3 months, the natural flavour mountaineous almost constant bright water chestnut method for storing and refreshing of water caltrop.
Bright water chestnut method for storing and refreshing of the present invention, mainly by clean sorting, protect look, ozonization, fumigation, film, the steps such as vanning and cryopreservation form, and are specific as follows:
1) clean sorting: water caltrop cleans first after plucking, and cleaning process should adopt surfing type to clean the algae of flush away water caltrop surface attachment and mashed leaf; Use the clear water flotation again, remove the tender water caltrop of floating on water, and sorted out and hindered and rotten water caltrop, the ripe water caltrop draining of getting heavy water is for subsequent use;
2) protect look: place the colour protecting liquid under the normal temperature to soak 30～60min on the ripe water caltrop behind the draining, pull out and drain;
3) ozonization: it is that the Ozone Water of 2.5mg/L is soaked 10～20min that the water caltrop after colour protecting liquid soaks is put into initial concentration under the normal temperature, pulls out to drain;
4) fumigation: re-use 1-methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) and under 2 ℃ condition water caltrop was fumigated 12 hours, the use amount of 1-methyl cyclopropene is 1g/16m
3The space;
5) film: soak 1min in the water caltrop plastics at normal temperatures after stifling, under 2 ℃ of conditions, blow to dry tack free with cold wind after taking out; Make water caltrop at the diaphragm of surface of shell parcel one deck and air insulated;
6) vanning: the water caltrop after filming is loaded in the corrugated case, and every case should not surpass 10Kg, and the corrugated case side answers perforate ventilative;
7) cryopreservation: it is that 1 ± 1 ℃, humidity are 93% freezer fresh-retaining preserving that the water caltrop after the vanning places temperature, and the carton interval should be not less than 5cm, should prevent in the storage that temperature fluctuation from changing, and prevents the water caltrop surface sweating.
The above colour protecting liquid selects sodium pyrosulfite, citric acid, Sodium Benzoate and water formulated, and its optimum quantum of utilization is: put into sodium pyrosulfite 4～5g, citric acid 3～4g in the clear water of every 10kg, Sodium Benzoate 7～8g stirs at normal temperatures.
The above plastics selects sodium alginate, natamycin, potassium sorbate and water formulated, and its optimum quantum of utilization is: put into sodium alginate 20～30g, natamycin 1～2g in the clear water of every 10kg, potassium sorbate 3～5g stirs at normal temperatures.
Bright water chestnut method for storing and refreshing of the present invention, because intact ripe water caltrop is carried out after twice sterilization diaphragm in surface of shell parcel one deck and air insulated at normal temperatures again, make water caltrop in hygienic conditions, be in resting state, so can make the freshness date of bright water chestnut above 3 months, detect after 3 months in storage through the bright water chestnut to test, the result is: weight-loss ratio is about 4.2%, mainly is the epidermis dehydration; Water chestnut benevolence hardness descends and is about 1%, and structure is analyzed by the whiteness instrument without significant change, whiteness decline average out to 1.3%, and content of reducing sugar, content of starch decline all are no more than 0.7% in the water chestnut benevolence; Bright water chestnut epidermis is without obvious brown stain.Touch with the water chestnut shell joint because only protecting look, sterilize and film again, make water chestnut benevolence under the protection of water chestnut shell, keep original local flavor of bright water chestnut, preserve and still be suitable for cooking water chestnut after 3 months and boil rear prepared food.It is the good method that prolongs storage time with the shell water caltrop.
The concrete real mode of revolving
1) clean sorting: water caltrop cleans first after plucking, and cleaning process should adopt surfing type to clean, and does not use hard thing and stirs, and prevents from damaging the water caltrop epidermis, the algae of flush away water caltrop surface attachment and mashed leaf; Use the clear water flotation again, remove the tender water caltrop of floating on water, and sorted out and hindered and rotten water caltrop, the ripe water caltrop draining of getting heavy water is for subsequent use;
2) protect look: place the colour protecting liquid under the normal temperature to soak 30～60min on the ripe water caltrop behind the draining, surpass 60min, preferably soak to pull out behind the 45min and drain;
3) ozonization: it is that the Ozone Water of 2.5mg/L is soaked 10～20min that the water caltrop after colour protecting liquid soaks is put into initial concentration under the normal temperature, pulls out to drain; Through ozonization, can kill the rotten microorganism of causing of surface attachment.
4) fumigation: re-use 1-methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) and under 2 ℃ condition water caltrop was fumigated 12 hours, the use amount of 1-methyl cyclopropene is 1g/16m
3The space; Stifling by this fumigant, can carry out cancellation to the ethene in the bright water chestnut, suppress after-ripening and the respiration of bright water chestnut;
5) film: soak 1min in the water caltrop plastics at normal temperatures after stifling, under 2 ℃ of conditions, blow to dry tack free with cold wind after taking out, make water caltrop at the diaphragm of surface of shell parcel one deck and air insulated;
6) vanning: the water caltrop after filming is loaded in the corrugated case, and every case should not surpass 10Kg, and the corrugated case side answers perforate ventilative;
7) cryopreservation: it is that 1 ± 1 ℃, humidity are 93% freezer fresh-retaining preserving that the water caltrop after the vanning places temperature, and the carton interval should be not less than 5cm, should prevent in the storage that temperature fluctuation from changing, and prevents the water caltrop surface sweating.During sale, the water caltrop that transports fresh-keeping warehouse can not be put back to the storage of cold storing and fresh-keeping storehouse again.
Above-mentioned colour protecting liquid selects sodium pyrosulfite, citric acid, Sodium Benzoate and water formulated at normal temperatures, and its optimum quantum of utilization is:
Put into sodium pyrosulfite 4g, citric acid 3g in the clear water of every 10kg, Sodium Benzoate 7g stirs;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 4g, citric acid 3.5g, Sodium Benzoate 7.5g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 4g, citric acid 4g, Sodium Benzoate 8g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 4.5g, citric acid 3g, Sodium Benzoate 8g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 4.5g, citric acid 4g, Sodium Benzoate 7g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 5g, citric acid 3g, Sodium Benzoate 7g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium pyrosulfite 5g, citric acid 4g, Sodium Benzoate 8g in the clear water of every 10kg;
In sum, put into the ratio allotment of sodium pyrosulfite 4～5g, citric acid 3～4g, Sodium Benzoate 7～8g in the clear water in every 10kg, stir at normal temperatures and all can.
Above-mentioned plastics selects sodium alginate, natamycin, potassium sorbate and water formulated, and its optimum quantum of utilization is:
Put into sodium alginate 20g, natamycin 1g, potassium sorbate 3g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 20g, natamycin 1.5g, potassium sorbate 4g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 20g, natamycin 2g, potassium sorbate 5g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 25g, natamycin 1g, potassium sorbate 3g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 25g, natamycin 2g, potassium sorbate 5g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 25g, natamycin 2g, potassium sorbate 3g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 30g, natamycin 1g, potassium sorbate 3g in the clear water of every 10kg;
Or put into sodium alginate 30g, natamycin 2g, potassium sorbate 5g in the clear water of every 10kg;
In sum, put into the ratio allotment of sodium alginate 20～30g, natamycin 1～2g, potassium sorbate 3～5g in the clear water in every 10kg, stir at normal temperatures.Select sodium alginate, natamycin and potassium sorbate, the three is acted synergistically and the establishment fresh-retaining preserving later stage occurs goes mouldy and bacterial spoilage.
Claims (1)
1. bright water chestnut method for storing and refreshing is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) clean sorting: water caltrop cleans first after plucking, and cleaning process adopts surfing type to clean the algae of flush away water caltrop surface attachment and mashed leaf; Use the clear water flotation again, remove the tender water caltrop of floating on water, and sorted out and hindered and rotten water caltrop, the ripe water caltrop draining of getting heavy water is for subsequent use;
2) protect look: place colour protecting liquid to soak 30～60min on the ripe water caltrop behind the draining, pull out and drain;
3) ozonization: it is that the Ozone Water of 2.5mg/L is soaked 10～20min that the water caltrop after colour protecting liquid soaks is put into initial concentration, pulls out to drain;
4) fumigation: re-use 1-methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) and under 2 ℃ condition water caltrop was fumigated 12 hours, the use amount of 1-methyl cyclopropene is 1g/16m
3The space;
5) film: the water caltrop after stifling soaks 1min in plastics, blows to dry tack free with cold wind under 2 ℃ of conditions after taking out; Make water caltrop at the diaphragm of surface of shell parcel one deck and air insulated;
6) vanning: the water caltrop after filming is loaded in the corrugated case, and every case is no more than 10Kg, and the corrugated case side answers perforate ventilative;
7) cryopreservation: it is that 1 ± 1 ℃, humidity are that 93% freezer is preserved that the water caltrop after the vanning places temperature, and the carton interval should be not less than 5cm, prevents strictly in the storage that temperature fluctuation from changing, and prevents the water caltrop surface sweating;
Above-mentioned colour protecting liquid is: put into sodium pyrosulfite 4～5g, citric acid 3～4g, Sodium Benzoate 7～8g in the clear water of every 10kg, stir at normal temperatures;
Above-mentioned plastics is: put into sodium alginate 20～30g, natamycin 1～2g, potassium sorbate 3～5g in every 10kg clear water, stir at normal temperatures.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110060024 CN102144662B (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Storage and fresh-keeping method for fresh water caltrop |
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| CN 201110060024 CN102144662B (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Storage and fresh-keeping method for fresh water caltrop |
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| CN102144662B true CN102144662B (en) | 2013-01-02 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102302049A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-01-04 | 大连铭德生态农业专业合作社 | Method for compositely air-conditioning and preserving large cherries |
| CN102302052A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-01-04 | 上海炬钢机械制造有限公司 | Ozone/vacuum precooling compound controlled atmosphere fresh-keeping method for meat products and fruit and vegetables |
| CN103081985A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 张木林 | Low temperature running water fresh keeping method for fresh lotus seedpod, lotus root, water caltrop and water chestnut |
| CN104170945B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-03-30 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of red kiwi fruit composite fresh preservation technology and implementation method thereof |
| CN103704332B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-01-14 | 四川大学 | Preservation method for fresh fruits |
| CN104522153A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 姜芬 | Water chestnut cooling and refreshing method |
| CN105918764B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-06-16 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | A kind of storage method of host of Cordyceps sinensis larva plateau feed |
| CN106165720A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 1 MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat |
| CN108713587B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2021-07-09 | 广西大学 | Preparation process for establishing composite edible preservative film on surface of fresh-cut purple Chinese yam |
| CN110583970B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2023-02-21 | 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 | Preservation method of Trapa acornis nakai |
Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589653A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-09 | 朱天保 | Shelled water chestnut normal temperature fresh keeping method |
| CN1757288A (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2006-04-12 | 唐明霞 | Preservation liquid for root type aquatic vegetable and its prodn. method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589653A (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-09 | 朱天保 | Shelled water chestnut normal temperature fresh keeping method |
| CN1757288A (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2006-04-12 | 唐明霞 | Preservation liquid for root type aquatic vegetable and its prodn. method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李妍.贮藏温度对菱角采后品质和生理的影响.《食品科学》.2006,第27卷(第1期),第235-239页. * |
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