CN106165720A - 1 MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat - Google Patents
1 MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat Download PDFInfo
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- CN106165720A CN106165720A CN201610518491.8A CN201610518491A CN106165720A CN 106165720 A CN106165720 A CN 106165720A CN 201610518491 A CN201610518491 A CN 201610518491A CN 106165720 A CN106165720 A CN 106165720A
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- mcp
- lacquer tree
- tree fat
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- preservation method
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of 1 MCP and combine the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterized in that, described compounding preservation method, formed by 1 MCP suffocating treatment and lacquer tree fat coating problems are compounding, first with 1 MCP, sample is fumigated, with lacquer tree fat, sample being carried out coating problems again, 1 described MCP fumigating concentration is 0.2 ~ 1 μ L/L, and described lacquer tree fat coating problems concentration is: 1% ~ 4%；Present invention firstly provides and 1 MCP suffocating treatment is combined with lacquer tree fat coating problems, draw optimum compounding mode, single treatment of both can having inherited described compounding preservation method effectively suppresses harmful substance contents and brown stain degree to increase, and keeps the effect of activities of antioxidant enzymes；Simultaneously, it is also possible to make up the deficiency of single treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preservation method, be specifically related to a kind of 1-MCP and combine the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, belong to fruit
Vegetables technical field of preservation of fresh.
Background technology
1-MCP is as efficient ethylene inhibitor, it is possible to blocks the physiological reaction of ethylene induction, suppresses most of fruit and vegerable
Breathing rate, delays hardness to decline, thus keeps color and luster and quality that fruit and vegerable are good.At present, 1-MCP is nontoxic with it, free from extraneous odour,
Efficient feature, has been widely used for the post-harvest fresh-keeping of fruit and vegerable, the especially application on Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Musae, pears, Fructus Kaki the widest
General, and research shows, action effect and its treatment dosage that 1-MCP processes, process time, temperature, the kind of fruit and maturation
Degree etc. has relation.But, 1-MCP for the Repiration of some kind fruit and vegerable, hardness, weightless etc. impact is the most inconspicuous,
After resulting even in some Fruit, color and luster is uneven.
Process present in fruit and vegerable not enough to make up 1-MCP, preferably improve postharvest fruit and vegetable quality, extend fruit and vegerable shelf
The effect of phase, even up to Synergistic, 1-MCP is combined, such as, by 1-by more existing scholars with other preservation techniques
MCP and ClO2Combine and Fructus Vitis viniferae is processed, can effectively control to rot, with ClO compared with independent 1-MCP process2Individually
Vc and suppression MDA is compared and can be effectively retained in process to be increased, and maintains the storage quality of grape fruit；At 1-MCP with decompression
Reason is when combining, and finds that Combined Processing delays the effect of Cuiguan pear ripening and senescence the most notable compared with single treatment；Additionally, also there is research
1-MCP is combined by person in controlled atmosphere, heat treatment, antistaling agent etc., has greatly facilitated development and the application of 1-MCP application technology,
Provide more choices for postharvest fruit and vegetable is fresh-keeping.
In recent years, along with development and the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness of Modern Preservation Technology, the natural fresh-keeping of economic security
The development and application of agent has caused the concern of people.Lacquer tree fat is from the fat acquired in paint seed outer peel and mesocarp, under room temperature
For solid, ceraceous shape.It is mainly composed of Palmic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid etc., in China some areas, has edible and medicinal
The custom of lacquer tree fat, lacquer tree fat is owing to containing more linoleic acid, having the health-care effecies such as arteriosclerosis.Patent
CN201410402086.0 discloses a kind of natural lacquer tree fat emulsion with bacteriostatic activity, and can be widely applied to preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing.
And patent CN201410363333.0 discloses a kind of lacquer tree fat fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent, it is strong that this antistaling agent has film property, emulsibility
Fruit and vegerable glossiness and the advantage such as commodity is good after good, stability good, film high, freshness, and extend the shelf life of fruit and vegerable.?
In the work of our early stage, patent CN201511016828.7 discloses a kind of antistaling agent and preparation method thereof, it is provided that a kind of
Pure natural, effective antistaling agent, but the respiratory intensity that sample is implemented in its suppression is still not sufficiently stable, anaphase storage antioxidase
The holding of activity is the most not ideal enough, need to be to its further improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is just for technical problem present in prior art, it is provided that a kind of 1-MCP combines the compounding guarantor of lacquer tree fat
Fresh method, this technical scheme is the deficiency on fresh-keeping effect for existing 1-MCP suffocating treatment and lacquer tree fat film, it is provided that a kind of tool
There is the compounding preservation method of complementary effect.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows, and a kind of 1-MCP combines the compounding fresh-keeping side of lacquer tree fat
Method, it is characterised in that described compounding preservation method, is formed, first with 1-by 1-MCP suffocating treatment and lacquer tree fat coating problems are compounding
Sample is fumigated by MCP, then with lacquer tree fat, sample is carried out coating problems.
As a modification of the present invention, described 1-MCP fumigating concentration is 0.2 ~ 1 μ L/L, at described lacquer tree fat film
Reason concentration is: 1% ~ 4%, had both had fresh-keeping effect, and will not affect again the commodity of sample because film is blocked up.
As a modification of the present invention, specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) 1-MCP is to sample suffocating treatment: weigh 1-MCP solid 0.145 ~ 0.217 g in conical flask, by 1 ± 0.1 kg sample
Put into the 21 L happy button case being equipped with holes, capping, pass from rubber stopple with syringe, inject 30 mL water to conical flask and make 1-
MCP release is fumigated, and wherein, the stifling sample number of every case is identical, stifling terminates rear venting half an hour；
(2) lacquer tree fat coating problems: weighing 10 ~ 50 g lacquer tree fats and 15 ~ 25 g emulsifying agents are dissolved in 1 L hot water, wherein water temperature is
50 ~ 60 ° of C, then carry out homogenizing process with homogenizer, after being down to room temperature that is 23 ~ 27 DEG C, are dipped in coating liquid by sample,
Taking-up is dried and is placed in 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
As a modification of the present invention, time a length of 20 ~ 30 h that 1-MCP is stifling, when lacquer tree fat soaks a length of 0.5 ~ 2
min。
A kind of 1-MCP combines the application of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterised in that described preservation method is applicable to lotus
Fluffy, pears, the fruit and vegerable such as Fructus Mali pumilae fresh-keeping.
Relative to prior art, the invention have the advantages that, present invention firstly provides 1-MCP suffocating treatment and lacquer tree fat
Coating problems combines, and has shown that optimum compounding mode, described compounding preservation method both can have been inherited single treatment and effectively suppress
Harmful substance contents and brown stain degree increase, and keep the effect of activities of antioxidant enzymes；Simultaneously, it is also possible to make up single treatment not
Foot, such as: not and total phenols maintains the deficiency of ability, the most more to sample Hardness Control rate on the one hand to compensate for 1-MCP
Mend the lacquer tree fat unstability to sample respiration inhibition, and fail effectively to keep the deficiency of activities of antioxidant enzymes at anaphase storage,
Thus extend the shelf life 2 ~ 3 days of the seedpod of the lotus, and this technical scheme cost is the highest, it is simple to further popularization and application.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
In Fig. 1 embodiment 1,1-MCP combines the impact on seedpod of the lotus fresh-keeping effect of the compounding mode of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 2 embodiment 1,1-MCP combines the impact on seedpod of the lotus respiratory intensity of the compounding mode of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 3 embodiment 1,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis hardness of the compounding mode of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 4 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis MDA content of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 5 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat to Semen Nelumbinis O2 •−The impact of raw speed；
In Fig. 6 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat to Semen Nelumbinis H2O2The impact of content；
In Fig. 7 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis brown stain degree of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 8 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis total phenol content of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Fig. 9 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis PPO activity of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Figure 10 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis POD activity of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Figure 11 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis SOD activity of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat；
In Figure 12 embodiment 2,1-MCP combines the impact on Semen Nelumbinis POD activity of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat.
Detailed description of the invention:
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present embodiment is described in detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of 1-MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, described compounding preservation method, 1-MCP fumigate
Process form compounding with lacquer tree fat coating problems, first with 1-MCP, sample is fumigated, then with lacquer tree fat, sample is carried out coating problems, tool
Body step is as follows:
(1) 1-MCP is to sample suffocating treatment: weigh 1-MCP solid 0.145 ~ 0.217 g in conical flask, by 1 ± 0.1 kg sample
Put into the 21 L happy button case being equipped with holes, capping, pass from rubber stopple with syringe, inject 30 mL water to conical flask and make 1-
MCP release is fumigated, and wherein, the stifling sample number of every case is identical, stifling terminates rear venting half an hour；
(2) lacquer tree fat coating problems: weighing 10 ~ 50 g lacquer tree fats and 15 ~ 25 g emulsifying agents are dissolved in 1 L hot water, wherein water temperature is
50 ~ 60 ° of C, then carry out homogenizing process with homogenizer, after being down to room temperature (23 ~ 27 DEG C), are dipped in coating liquid by sample,
Taking-up is dried and is placed in 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
Described 1-MCP fumigating concentration is 0.2 ~ 1 μ L/L, has fresh-keeping effect to the seedpod of the lotus, but will not be excessive because of concentration
And produce injury；Described lacquer tree fat coating problems concentration is: 1% ~ 4%, both can suppress seedpod of the lotus brown stain, again will not be blocked up because of film
And affect the commodity of sample；Wherein stifling for 1-MCP time a length of 20 ~ 30 h, a length of 0.5 ~ 2 min when lacquer tree fat soaks.
Application Example 1: a kind of 1-MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, the compounding mode of the method is applied to the seedpod of the lotus
Fresh-keeping, specifically include following steps:
(1) 1-MCP suffocating treatment: weigh 1-MCP solid in conical flask, puts into sample and is equipped with that 21 L of holes are happy buckle case, seal
Lid, passes from rubber stopple with syringe, injects 30 mL water to conical flask and make 1-MCP discharge, at 25 ± 1 DEG C, with 0.5 μ L/
After L 1-MCP fumigates the seedpod of the lotus 24 h, ventilate half an hour；
(2) lacquer tree fat coating problems: weigh 30 g lacquer tree fats and 20 g emulsifying agents are dissolved in 1 L hot water (50 ~ 60 ° of C), then use
Homogenizer carries out homogenizing process, and after being down to room temperature, 3% lacquer tree fat coating liquid has i.e. been prepared, and the seedpod of the lotus is dipped in coating liquid 1
Min, taking-up is dried and is placed on 25 ± 1 DEG C；
The compounding mode (1-MCP and lacquer tree fat) of preservation method described in the present embodiment is tracked test, and observes its fresh-keeping effect
Really, for the compounding mode of the preservation method fresh-keeping effect to the seedpod of the lotus in checking the present embodiment, it is provided with the compounding of lacquer tree fat and 1-MCP
Mode, and single treatment group, blank group, clear water soak matched group and clear water fumigates matched group；Described lacquer tree fat and 1-MCP
Compounding mode for first the seedpod of the lotus being soaked 1 min with 3% lacquer tree fat, fumigate the seedpod of the lotus 24 h with 0.5 μ L/L 1-MCP after drying, ventilate
Preserve after half an hour；Described single treatment group includes: 3% lacquer tree fat preserves (3% lacquer tree fat) after the seedpod of the lotus soaks 1 min, and 0.5
The seedpod of the lotus is fumigated 24 h by L/L 1-MCP, preserves (0.5 L/L 1-MCP) after half an hour of ventilating；Described blank group is right
The seedpod of the lotus does not make any process (CK1)；Described clear water soaks matched group for the seedpod of the lotus being soaked 1 min with clear water, after taking-up is dried
Storage (CK2)；It is to carry out the seedpod of the lotus stifling 24 hours with 30 mL distilled water that described clear water fumigates matched group, ventilates half an hour
Rear storage (CK3).The fumigation temperature of all seedpod of the lotus samples, and the reserve temperature of process group, the matched group seedpod of the lotus is 25 ± 1
DEG C, the seedpod of the lotus used Maturity before treatment and freshness are consistent.
The compounding mode fresh-keeping effect of preservation method described in the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) seedpod of the lotus and the evaluation of Semen Nelumbinis freshness
During the postharvest storage of the seedpod of the lotus, the main feature affecting its quality is brown stain, such as upper half part in Fig. 1, is goods
During frame the 6th day, the brown stain situation of the seedpod of the lotus and Semen Nelumbinis.Understanding, the relatively shelf initial stage, (0 d) compared, the fresh seedpod of the lotus of all process and lotus
The quality of son all there occurs deterioration in various degree.Wherein, all there is larger area brown stain in the comparison seedpod of the lotus, and Semen Nelumbinis the most all lose
Green, commodity value is substantially reduced.And 1-MCP combines lacquer tree fat combine 1-MCP Combined Processing fresh-keeping effect with lacquer tree fat relative preferably,
Individually 1-MCP and lacquer tree fat coating problems take second place.Meanwhile, by Fig. 1 the latter half it will be evident that in two kinds of Combined Processing, 1-MCP
Can preferably keep the green of Semen Nelumbinis skin in conjunction with lacquer tree fat Combined Processing, fresh-keeping effect is especially pronounced.
(2) mensuration of seedpod of the lotus respiratory intensity
Take 8 seedpod of the lotus weighings to be placed in 21 L air-conditioning preservation boxes, each process 3 groups repetition, airtight 1 h under (25 ± 1) ° C
Use syringe sampling gas afterwards, extract 15 mL sample gas gas Chromatographic Determination, chromatographic condition: fid detector, column temperature 80 ° of C, N2
Pressure 0.5 MPa, H2Pressure 0.3 MPa, air pressure 0.5 MPa, be repeated 3 times.Quantified by external standard method.
Respiratory intensity (mg CO2/ g.h)=instrument records CO2Content × air regulating box volume/(sample quality × seal time)
Respiratory intensity is to evaluate an important indicator of postharvest fruit and vegetable aging rate, and breathing rate is the highest, and aging rate is the fastest.Figure
2 show at 25 ± 1 DEG C, the situation of change of 8 days internal respiration intensity of seedpod of the lotus shelf life.Can be seen that, compared with all matched groups, 1-
MCP process and 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing all can reduce the respiratory intensity of the fresh seedpod of the lotus, and lacquer tree fat coating problems fails to reduce
The respiratory intensity of fresh seedpod of the lotus shelf 2 d, though its respiratory intensity of later stage is less than comparison, but only the most obvious at the 4th d, 6 d.With 1-
MCP compares with lacquer tree fat film single treatment, and lacquer tree fat+1-MCP Combined Processing 6 d before shelf significantly reduce respiratory intensity, but
8th its respiratory intensity of d is higher, and the fresh thick and disorderly respiratory intensity of 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing is constantly in floor level.Visible
1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing inherits the fresh-keeping effect of single treatment, compensate for again the deficiency of single treatment, makes whole shelf
The seedpod of the lotus of phase is breathed and is in low-level all the time.
(3) mensuration of Semen Nelumbinis hardness
Using TA.XT Plus Texture instrument to be measured, be fixed on by sample on Texture instrument platform, Semen Nelumbinis surface is just to diameter 50
Flat cylinder probe P/50 of mm, condition determination: speed 2 mm/s, test speed 1 mm/s before surveying, speed 1 mm/s, shape after survey
Variable 60%, dead time 1 s, induction force 5 g.Hardness represents with newton (N).
From the figure 3, it may be seen that 1-MCP, lacquer tree fat coating problems and 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat and lacquer tree fat+1-MCP Combined Processing all delay
, all there is hardness peak at the 6th d, declines subsequently in the increase of Semen Nelumbinis hardness.Before shelf, the 4 all process of d are the most equal
Significantly reduce the hardness of Semen Nelumbinis, but no significant difference between four, after 4 d, 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat processes the hardness of Semen Nelumbinis and maintains
Minimum；The firmness change of lacquer tree fat film and lacquer tree fat+1-MCP Combined Processing Semen Nelumbinis is the least, and excursion controls within 16%,
But the two difference is inconspicuous.And the Semen Nelumbinis that 1-MCP processes hardness when preserving 6 d rises rapidly 50.2%；Visible, 1-MCP
+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing overcomes the 1-MCP defect to Semen Nelumbinis Hardness Control rate deficiency, inherits again lacquer tree fat to suppression firmness change
Effect.
From the above results, under the conditions of 25 ± 1 ° of C, 3% lacquer tree fat coating problems can slow down the change of Semen Nelumbinis hardness,
Delaying the senescence process of the fresh seedpod of the lotus, but it is inadequate to the inhibitory action of seedpod of the lotus respiratory intensity, the shelf initial stage can be accelerated the fresh seedpod of the lotus and be exhaled
Inhale.1-MCP suffocating treatment can suppress seedpod of the lotus breathing rate, but can not effectively suppress Semen Nelumbinis firmness change.And 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat and
Lacquer tree fat+1-MCP Combined Processing all can effectively delay the fresh seedpod of the lotus to adopt the generation of rear brown stain compared with single treatment, but the latter is to the fresh seedpod of the lotus
The impact of respiratory intensity, compared with single treatment, does not has a notable difference, and on the impact of Semen Nelumbinis hardness and lacquer tree fat coating problems phase
When.1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing can substantially suppress fresh seedpod of the lotus respiratory intensity and the change of Semen Nelumbinis hardness.
Application Example 2: the 1-MCP using Application Example 1 method to obtain combines the compounding mode that lacquer tree fat processes, and carries out
The fresh-keeping experiment of the seedpod of the lotus, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) 1-MCP suffocating treatment: weigh 1-MCP solid in conical flask, puts into sample and is equipped with that 21 L of holes are happy buckle case, seal
Lid, passes from rubber stopple with syringe, injects 30 mL water to conical flask and make 1-MCP discharge, at 25 ± 1 DEG C, with 0.5 μ L/
After L 1-MCP fumigates the seedpod of the lotus 24 h, ventilate half an hour.
(2) lacquer tree fat coating problems: weigh 30 g lacquer tree fats and 20 g emulsifying agents are dissolved in 1 L hot water (50 ~ 60 ° of C), so
Carrying out homogenizing process with homogenizer afterwards, after being down to room temperature, 3% lacquer tree fat coating liquid has i.e. been prepared, and is dipped in coating liquid by the seedpod of the lotus
1 min, takes out and is stored in 25 ± 1 DEG C after drying.
Preservation method described in the present embodiment (1-MCP and lacquer tree fat) is tracked test, and observes its fresh-keeping effect.For entering
The preservation method fresh-keeping effect to the seedpod of the lotus described in checking the present embodiment, is provided with single treatment group, blank group, clear water immersion
Matched group and clear water fumigate matched group；Described single treatment group is with embodiment 1；Described blank group, clear water immersion are right
Matched group is fumigated with Application Example 1 according to group and clear water.The fumigation temperature of all seedpod of the lotus samples, and process group, matched group lotus
Fluffy reserve temperature is 25 ± 1 DEG C, and the seedpod of the lotus used Maturity before treatment and freshness are consistent.
(1) mensuration of Semen Nelumbinis malonaldehyde (MDA) content
Semen Nelumbinis are stripped out from Receptaculum Nelumbinis, with stainless steel knife, lotus skin is removed, remove Plumula Nelumbinis, remainder liquid nitrogen deep colling, preserve
In-20 DEG C, for the mensuration of physical signs.Taken sample liquid nitrogen grinding is become powder, weighs 2 g and be scattered in 10ml 0.2mol/L
The phosphate buffer that PH is 6.4 in, this buffer (PVPP) Han 0.5g cross-linking polyethylene pyrrolidone, 4 DEG C of frozen centrifugations
Machine 10000 r/min is centrifuged 20min, is supernatant；1.0 mL supernatant are added the thiobarbituricacidα-of 3.0mL 0.5%
In (TBA is made into the trichloroacetic acid of 20%) solution, in boiling water bath, boil 20min after mixing, cool down also with tap water rapidly
Centrifugal 10min under 10000 r/min.Take supernatant and measure optical density value respectively under 450,532 and 600 nm wavelength, weight
Multiple 3 times, and press formula calculating MDA content:
MDA content (μm ol/g)=［ 6.45(OD532–OD600) 0.56OD450］ × extracting solution cumulative volume × (reactant liquor cumulative volume/
Mensuration extracting liquid volume)/sample quality
As shown in Figure 4, the change of MDA content is lasting ascendant trend, 1-MCP, lacquer tree fat and 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing
Slow down the accumulation of Semen Nelumbinis MDA.Wherein the MDA content of 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing Semen Nelumbinis is minimum, the lowest shelf 2,4 days
Process in other.Visible, 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing can significantly delay the accumulation of Semen Nelumbinis MDA, the integrity of protecting film system,
And it is more preferable compared with single treatment effect in storage early stage.
(2) ultra-oxygen anion free radical (O in Semen Nelumbinis2 •−) mensuration of generating rate
Weigh 2 g Semen Nelumbinis samples, add 10 mL 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffers (pH 7.2), the homogenate of gained after grinding,
Centrifugal (10000 r/min, 20 min, 4 ° of C), take supernatant standby.Take 1 mL supernatant and add 1 mL oxammonium hydrochloride., 25 ° of C
Lower 60 min.Add 1 mL p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid and 1 mL alpha-naphthylamine afterwards, be sufficiently mixed, after placing 30 min under 25 ° of C
Light absorption value is measured at 530 nm.With KNO2Make standard substance, replication 3 times.
O2 •−Generating rate (nmol/ (g min))=(check in superoxide anion content × supernatant at standard curve overall
Long-pending × extension rate)/(adding supernatant volume * sampling quality × response time)
As shown in Figure 5, during whole shelf, 1-MCP process, lacquer tree fat coating problems and 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing effectively suppress
The O of Semen Nelumbinis2 •−Generating rate, wherein Combined Processing effect is best, but does not has notable difference with single treatment, and this explanation is compound
Process the advantage inheriting single treatment.
(3) Semen Nelumbinis hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mensuration of content
Taking 2 g powder samples, add the acetone of 10mL pre-cooling, after grinding, the homogenate of gained, proceeds to centrifuge tube 10000r/min
Under be centrifuged 10min.Pipette samples extracting solution 1mL, by adding 0.1mL 5% titanium sulfate and 0.2mL strong aqua ammonia, after formation to be precipitated,
Centrifugal 10min, abandoning supernatant under 10000 r/min again.Precipitation uses acetone cyclic washing 3 ~ 5 times, until removing plant color
Element.Precipitation after washing adds 3mL 2mol/L sulphuric acid, 415nm colorimetric until completely dissolved.
H2O2Content (μm ol/g)=(check in H at standard curve2O2Content × supernatant cumulative volume × extension rate)/(add
Enter supernatant volume × sampling quality)
From fig. 6, it can be seen that during shelf, compared with matched group, three kinds of H processed in Semen Nelumbinis2O2Content is constantly in one
Relatively low level.The H of comparison Semen Nelumbinis2O2Content entirety is in rising trend, and the H of process group2O2Content is in declining-rise-decline
Change.Simultaneously it can be seen that 1-MCP reduces H2O2The effect of content is better than lacquer tree fat coating problems, and 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing is tied
Close both common effects, the H of Semen Nelumbinis can have been maintained2O2Content is minimum, especially the most obvious at shelf the 2nd d and 4 d.
(4) mensuration of Semen Nelumbinis brown stain degree
Weigh 2 g Semen Nelumbinis samples, be fully ground under the conditions of liquid nitrogen, add 15 mL 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH
6.8) homogenate, centrifugal (10000 r/min, 20 min, 4 ° of C).Take supernatant and measure the light absorption value at 410 nm, calculate brown
Variation.
Brown stain degree=OD410× extracting solution cumulative volume/sample quality
Fig. 7 shows the situation of change of different disposal Semen Nelumbinis brown stain degree.The brown stain degree of Semen Nelumbinis sample along with shelf life prolongation by
Gradually rising, wherein, the brown stain degree climbing speed of comparison Semen Nelumbinis is the fastest；And three process have delayed Semen Nelumbinis brown stain degree to some extent
Rising, wherein 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing effect is the most notable, and its brown stain degree only maintains 1.26 ~ 1.57, and at 1-MCP
The brown stain degree of reason Semen Nelumbinis is 3.91, and the brown stain degree of lacquer tree fat coating problems group is 2.01.Thus explanation 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing
On the basis of single treatment, reach the effect of Synergistic.
(5) mensuration of Semen Nelumbinis total phenol content
Weigh 2 g Semen Nelumbinis samples, add 10 mL 80% ethanol and be fully ground, centrifugal (10000 r/min, 20 min, 4 ° of C).Take
0.4 mL supernatant and 0.4 25 ° of C of mL Folin reagent react 3 min, add 1 mL 7.5% Na2CO3Solution, 25 reactions
1 h, measures absorbance at 760 nm wavelength, using gallic acid as standard substance, is repeated 3 times mensuration.
Total phenol content (mg/g)=(checking in total phenol content × supernatant cumulative volume × extension rate at standard curve)/(add
Supernatant volume × sampling quality)
As shown in Figure 8, during shelf, the total phenol content entirety of Semen Nelumbinis is on a declining curve, and compared with the control, 1-MCP processes only at goods
Frame last day is apparently higher than comparison.And the total phenol content of lacquer tree fat coating problems Semen Nelumbinis is in addition to the 2nd d, obviously higher than right
According to.1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing overcomes 1-MCP can not be effectively improved the shortcoming of total phenol content, highlights the excellent of lacquer tree fat film
Gesture, hence it is evident that improve the total phenol content after Semen Nelumbinis shelf 2 d.
(6) Semen Nelumbinis polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and the mensuration of peroxidase (POD) activity
Take 2 g Semen Nelumbinis powder samples, add 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) 20 mL, centrifugal (10000 r/min,
20 min, 4 ° of C), prepare crude enzyme liquid.PPO measures: is incubated at 30 ° of C by the catechol solution of 0.1mol/L, takes this solution 3
ML, is rapidly added thick zyme extract 0.8 mL, and reaction temperature is 30 ° of C, scans light absorption value change at 398 nm, with 1 after 5 s
OD in min398Rising 0.01 is enzyme unit alive, represents the unit of PPO activity with U/g.POD measures: by the 80 thick enzymes of L
Liquid and the mixing of 2 mL 0.05 mol/L guaiacol, 30 ° of C water-bath 5 min, add the H of 1 mL 0.2% afterwards2O2, mixing, 1
Scan at 470 nm wavelength after min, calculate enzymatic activity, represent with U/g.
PPO activity=(light absorption value change × supernatant cumulative volume × extension rate)/(add supernatant volume × sampling quality
× the response time)
POD activity=(light absorption value change × supernatant cumulative volume × extension rate)/(addition supernatant volume × sampling quality × anti-
Between Ying Shi)
PPO is the main enzyme causing Tissue Browning, and POD mono-aspect is film protective enzyme, can scavenging capacity oxygen-derived free radicals, another
Aspect acts on again H2O2There is browning reaction.
Shelf 0 ~ 2 d as shown in Figure 9, the PPO activity rapid increase of all Semen Nelumbinis samples, change more slow afterwards, whole
Body is in rising trend.1-MCP processes to compare with lacquer tree fat coating problems to compare and all can substantially reduce PPO activity.And 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat
Combined Processing compared with both single treatments further reduce Semen Nelumbinis shelf 2,4,6 d time PPO activity.Understand, 1-MCP+
Lacquer tree fat Combined Processing not only inherits the advantage of single treatment, and has reached more preferable effect.
As shown in Figure 10, the POD activity of comparison Semen Nelumbinis is gradually increasing along with the prolongation of shelf life, and the POD of process group lives
Property overall in downward trend after first rising.At the shelf initial stage (0 ~ 2 d), the POD of lacquer tree fat coating problems and Combined Processing Semen Nelumbinis lives
Property higher than comparison, the later stage (6 ~ 8 d) but less than comparison.And 1-MCP process Semen Nelumbinis POD activity shelf early stage (0 ~ 4 d) with
CK1 no significant difference, later stage also significantly lower than comparison.Simultaneously it can be seen that shelf the 8th d, 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing lotus
The POD activity of son processes less than other and comparison.This explanation 1-MCP and lacquer tree fat Combined Processing can be by playing the master of lacquer tree fat film
Effect, is effectively improved the POD activity of Semen Nelumbinis storage early stage.
(6) mensuration of activities of antioxidant enzymes in Semen Nelumbinis
The crude enzyme liquid that SOD measures extracts same PPO.1mL extraction is added to taking the cleaned glass test tube that transparency is good, quality is identical
Liquid, 0.3mLMet, 0.3mLNBT, 0.3mL riboflavin, 0.3mL EDTA-Na2.Separately take 1 test tube as blank tube, addition 1mL
Buffer, 0.3mLMet, 0.3mLNBT, 0.3mL riboflavin, 0.3mLEDTA-Na2 Double-deck black longer than test tube on cover is hard
Paper set shading.Take 1 test tube as control tube, add 1mL buffer, 0.3mLMet, 0.3mLNBT, 0.3mL riboflavin,
0.3mL EDTA-Na2, not shading.All above test tube is concurrently placed under 4000lux daylight lamp reaction 40min.Reaction terminates
After, terminate reaction with test tube on black cloth cover cap.Return to zero as blank using the control tube of shading, under 560nm wavelength, measure each pipe
Absorbance.
SOD activity (U/g)=(blank pipe light absorption value sample cell light absorption value) × extracting solution cumulative volume × 60/(is blank
Matched group pipe light absorption value shading control tube light absorption value) × 0.5 × sample quality × mensuration time extracting solution consumption × irradiation time)
The crude enzyme liquid that CAT measures extracts same PPO.Take 0.05 mL crude enzyme liquid and 2 mL 0.05mol/L phosphate buffer (pH=
7.0) under 25 DEG C of water-baths, preheat 5min, add 1mL 0.2% H2O2, scan at 240nm, calculated activity.
CAT activity (U/g)=(light absorption value change × supernatant cumulative volume × extension rate)/(add supernatant volume × sampling
Quality × response time)
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the protective enzyme removing free radical important in organism.As seen from Figure 11, during shelf
The SOD activity of all Semen Nelumbinis samples is gradually reduced trend in first rapid increase after (0 ~ 2 d) on the whole, wherein 1-MCP and paint
Wax coating problems improves the effect of SOD activity and is mainly reflected in shelf early stage, and the SOD of the Semen Nelumbinis of 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing
Activity is the highest, and the most effectively maintains its activity in the shelf later stage.Thus illustrating, the 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat described in the present embodiment is combined
Process the advantage both having inherited single treatment, overcome the deficiency of single treatment simultaneously.
As shown in figure 12, CAT activity rapid increase during shelf 0 ~ 2 d of Semen Nelumbinis, small size at activity high point afterwards
Fluctuation.1-MCP and lacquer tree fat coating problems the most relatively compare and improve CAT activity, especially more notable at shelf anaphase effect, and two
Person's effect is suitable.1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing compared with individual processing further increase Semen Nelumbinis shelf early stage CAT activity, as
2nd, during 4 d the CAT activity of Combined Processing group be respectively 1-MCP process and the 1.33 of lacquer tree fat coating problems, 1.26 times and 1.21,
1.33 again.Visible, 1-MCP+ lacquer tree fat Combined Processing has reached the effect of two single treatment Synergistics in shelf early stage.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment, be not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention, on the basis of technique scheme
Upper done equivalents or replacement each fall within the scope that the claims in the present invention are protected.
Claims (5)
1. a 1-MCP combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterised in that described compounding preservation method, 1-MCP fumigate
Process form compounding with lacquer tree fat coating problems, first with 1-MCP, sample is fumigated, then with lacquer tree fat, sample is carried out coating problems.
1-MCP the most according to claim 1 combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterised in that described 1-MCP smokes
Inspissation degree is 0.2 ~ 1 μ L/L, and described lacquer tree fat coating problems concentration is: 1% ~ 4%.
1-MCP the most according to claim 2 combines the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) 1-MCP is to sample suffocating treatment: weigh 1-MCP solid 0.145 ~ 0.217 g in conical flask, by 1 ± 0.1 kg sample
Put into the 21 L happy button case being equipped with holes, capping, pass from rubber stopple with syringe, inject 30 mL water to conical flask and make 1-
MCP release is fumigated, and wherein, the stifling sample number of every case is identical, stifling terminates rear venting half an hour；
(2) lacquer tree fat coating problems: weighing 10 ~ 50 g lacquer tree fats and 15 ~ 25 g emulsifying agents are dissolved in 1 L hot water, wherein water temperature is
50 ~ 60 DEG C, then carry out homogenizing process with homogenizer, after being down to room temperature that is 23 ~ 27 DEG C, sample be dipped in coating liquid,
Taking-up is dried and is placed in 22 ~ 28 DEG C.
4. combine the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat according to the 1-MCP described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that 1-MCP fumigates
Time a length of 20 ~ 30 h, lacquer tree fat soak time a length of 0.5 ~ 2 min.
5.1-MCP combines the application of the compounding preservation method of lacquer tree fat, it is characterised in that described preservation method is applicable to the seedpod of the lotus, lotus
Son etc. fresh-keeping.
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| CN108835256A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of single fruit preservation method of the fresh seedpod of the lotus and its application |
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| 孟祥勇，等: "1-M CP和加压氩气联合处理对莲蓬保鲜效果的影响", 《中国食品科学技术学会第八届年会暨第六届东西方食品业高层论坛论文摘要集》 * |
| 高建晓，等: "漆蜡涂膜对鲜莲蓬采后褐变的影响", 《食品科学》 * |
| 黄铮，等: "纳米果蜡和一处理对"新红星" 苹果贮藏效果的影响", 《农产品加工•学刊》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108835256A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of single fruit preservation method of the fresh seedpod of the lotus and its application |
| CN108835256B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Single-fruit fresh-keeping method for fresh lotus seedpod and application thereof |
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