CN106035631A - Preservation technology of prunus salicina fruits - Google Patents
Preservation technology of prunus salicina fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035631A CN106035631A CN201610366896.4A CN201610366896A CN106035631A CN 106035631 A CN106035631 A CN 106035631A CN 201610366896 A CN201610366896 A CN 201610366896A CN 106035631 A CN106035631 A CN 106035631A
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- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- tebuconazole
- mcp
- blue
- hardness
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of food preservation and aims to provide a practical and effective preservation technology of post-harvested prunus salicina fruits. The preservation technology can fully utilize the existing commercial technology basis to rapidly realize the industrialized production, guarantee the quality of products after storage, and maximally prolong the product storage period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of food preservation.
Background technology:
Blue or green crisp Lee is the fruit of rosaceous plant Lee, and its sarcocarp is nutritious, containing sugar, acid, protein and multivitamin and
Mineral etc., have the highest nutritive value.The blue or green crisp Prunus in Chongqing region is in characteristic this locality Lee's kind, but is typically due to Fructus Pruni salicinae
Period of maturation concentrates on 6～July, and this, temperature was high in period, itself belonged to climacteric type fruit in addition, and after-ripening speed is fast, storage
During easily infected by microorganism and breathed and caused physiological change, adopt under rear room temperature the 3～5d i.e. deliquescing of sarcocarp and occur brown
Become, quickly soften and rot, lose commodity value.The infectious disease caused by various pathogenic microorganisms be cause plum fruit to adopt after
The main cause of loss.Infectious disease main in plum fruit storage is brown rot, soft rot, shot hole, sour rot
Deng.Wherein, the generation the most seriously adopting rear brown rot is even more serious.Therefore, after adopting, blue or green crisp Lee's storage delays to decline
Old and control disease is particularly important simultaneously.
1-MCP, i.e. l-methyl cyclopropene, is a kind of ethylene receptor inhibitor, can effectively delay the aging of fruit and vegerable and rot,
There is tasteless, non-toxic and safe, environmental protection, efficient feature, after adopting, preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing and Disease management have broad application prospects.
Numerous studies show, 1-MCP can delay plum fruit old and feeble, keeps plum fruit quality.Also have been reported that simultaneously and show, 1-MCP energy
Enough reduce the generation of post-harvest fruits disease.1-MCP is effectively reduced tomato disease incidence rate and reduces individual disease occurrence index,
And the tomato tissue resistance effect to disease can be excited；600 nL/L 1-MCP process can effectively suppress rotting of Fructus Mori fruit
Occur.Simultaneously compared with calcium chloride, salicylic acid, it is best that 1-MCP controls Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus anthrax effect.But, at current 1-MCP
Reason technology is not used for delaying the old and feeble research report with control disease of blue or green crisp plum fruit.
Tebuconazole be a kind of efficiently, wide spectrum, low toxicity, interior absorption triazole type sterilization pesticide, fungicidal spectrum is wide, the lasting period is long.Grind
Studying carefully discovery, Tebuconazole is to suppress the demethylation of ergosterol on its cell membrane to the mechanism of action of pathogenic bacteria so that pathogenic bacteria cannot
Form cell membrane, thus kill pathogenic bacteria.At present the main chemical agent used is controlled for disease and have thiophanate-methyl, many bacterium
Spirit etc., but easily develop immunity to drugs.And study and show, triazole bactericidal agent Tebuconazole is not likely to produce Drug resistance.Current penta azoles
Though alcohol is not used for adopting in rear plum fruit, but research finds, Tebuconazole is the most effective in control peach brown rot, and at GB
2763-2014 " national food safety standard Pesticide MRL " adds Tebuconazole answering on plum fruit
With residue limits, so Tebuconazole can use in plum fruit storage after adopting in safety range.Currently also there is no 1-
MCP is combined treatment technology for delaying blue or green crisp plum fruit old and feeble and the research report of Disease management with Tebuconazole.
Accordingly, it is considered to feasibility, the Cost Problems of product of test and after processing the safety of blue or green crisp plum fruit ask
Topic, applies 1-MCP to be combined process, two major techniques of cryopreservation with low concentration low toxicity chemical bactericide Tebuconazole in the present invention
Process blue or green crisp plum fruit, in the hope of extending the freshness date of product on the basis of existing commercial technology to greatest extent, it is ensured that product
Safety.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of practicality, effectively adopt rear blue or green crisp plum fruit preservation technique, both
Existing commercial technology basis can be made full use of and realize rapidly industrialized production, can guarantee that again the quality of product, maximum limit after storage
The storage period extending product of degree.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the crisp preservation technique of green grass or young crops of the present invention, its technical operation flow process is as follows:
Comparison: soak 2 min with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% and clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, after drying after draining
Loading in plastic film bag, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness
And Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
A: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 13.5 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1 min, the crisp plum fruit of green grass or young crops after process loads plastic film bag after drying
In, it being placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual
Amount (0 DEG C).
B: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 27 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1min, the fruit after process loads in plastic film bag after drying, and is placed in cold
Preserving in storehouse, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity, (0 DEG C).
C: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2 min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, often after draining
With 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h under temperature, the fruit after process loads in plastic film bag after drying, and is placed in freezer storage
Hiding, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
D: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h, then with 13.5mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1min, the fruit after process
Loading in plastic film bag after drying in fact, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures
Aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
E: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h, then with 27 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1 min, the fruit after process
Loading in plastic film bag after drying in fact, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures
Aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).1, green grass or young crops crisp plum fruit aberration after independent 5 μ L/L 1-MCP processing modes and
Hardness substantially lower than compares fruit, but anaphase storage can not substantially control fruit brown rot incidence rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A and 1B respectively 1-MCP be combined with Tebuconazole process to adopt rear plum fruit natural occurrence rate and nature the state of an illness refer to
The impact of number；
Fig. 2 is that 1-MCP is combined process to the impact adopting rear plum fruit aberration with Tebuconazole；
Fig. 3 is that 1-MCP is combined process preventing and treating is adopted the impact of rear plum fruit hardness with Tebuconazole；
Fig. 4 be 1-MCP be combined with Tebuconazole process adopt after the residual of Tebuconazole in blue or green crisp plum fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, the specific embodiment of the present invention it is described in further detail with reference to Fig. 1-4.
Embodiment 1:
Use the processing mode that comparison is different with five kinds, find the processing mode of optimum.
Comparison: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2 min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, dry in the air after draining
Loading in plastic film bag after Gan, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, mensuration aberration,
Hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
A: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 13.5 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1 min, the crisp plum fruit of green grass or young crops after process loads plastic film bag after drying
In, it being placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual
Amount (0 DEG C).
B: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 27 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1min, the fruit after process loads in plastic film bag after drying, and is placed in cold
Preserving in storehouse, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity, (0 DEG C).
C: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2 min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, often after draining
With 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h under temperature, the fruit after process loads in plastic film bag after drying, and is placed in freezer storage
Hiding, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
D: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h, then with 13.5mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1min, the fruit after process
Loading in plastic film bag after drying in fact, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures
Aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
E: with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2% soak 2min clean blue or green crisp Lee to remove remained on surface dirt, at room temperature after draining
Lower with 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h, then with 27 mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1 min, the fruit after process
Loading in plastic film bag after drying in fact, be placed in freezer storage, routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures
Aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity (0 DEG C).
Result is as Figure 1-4.
Can be seen that from Fig. 1-4
(1) green grass or young crops crisp plum fruit aberration and hardness after independent 5 μ L/L 1-MCP processing modes substantially lower than compare fruit, but
Anaphase storage can not substantially control fruit brown rot incidence rate.
(2) 13.5, the brown rot sickness rate of the crisp plum fruit of green grass or young crops, disease index after 27mg/L Tebuconazole individual processing are notable
Less than comparison fruit, but can not significantly keep fruit colour and hardness.
The brown rot morbidity of the crisp plum fruit of green grass or young crops after (3) 5 μ L/L 1-MCP and 13.5,27mg/L Tebuconazole combination process
Rate, disease index, aberration and hardness substantially lower than compare fruit, illustrate that the Tebuconazole of both concentration processes and can not only have
Limit controls the generation of fruit brown rot, moreover it is possible to keeps color and luster and the hardness of fruit, improves the commodity value of blue or green crisp plum fruit, extends
Its storage period, but there is no significant difference between 13.5 mg/L, 27 mg/L Tebuconazole treatment effects, it is contemplated that processing cost,
Therefore 13.5 mg/L Tebuconazoles are selected to be processed as optimum condition.
(4) after preserving 40d, 13.5mg/L Tebuconazole, 27mg/L Tebuconazole, 5 μ L/L 1-MCP and 13.5 Tebuconazoles, 5
Fruit Tebuconazole residual quantity after μ L/L 1-MCP processes with 27mg/L Tebuconazole is all not up to Tebuconazole pesticide residues in Fructus Pruni salicinae
Limitation " GB 2763-2014 national food safety standard Pesticide MRL "；And 1-MCP Yu 13.5mg/L penta
Azoles alcohol process group plum fruit Tebuconazole residual quantity in whole storage is minimum.
Result above shows, 1-MCP with 13.5mg/L Tebuconazole is combined process and preserves under cryogenic, can reduce
The sickness rate of blue or green crisp plum fruit brown rot, maintains fruit colour and hardness, improves its commodity rate, extend its storage time, and
The residual quantity of Tebuconazole is little, reduces the security risk that antibacterial uses.After preserving 180 days, the natural occurrence of blue or green crisp plum fruit
Rate reduces 57%, and disease index reduces 61.5%；After preserving 160 days, aberration a value reduces 61.8%, and hardness reduces
35.5%, the fresh preservation phase extends 60 days；And fruit Tebuconazole residual quantity after 80d is only 0.094mg/kg.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: utilize this technology the freshness date of blue or green crisp plum fruit to be extended for 180 days, and
Keep the quality of blue or green crisp plum fruit and safety at the end of storage.This plum fruit marketing fresh crisp to whole green grass or young crops and secondary industry all have
Significance.First, plum fruit is ripe, and on the occasion of fruit dull season, Chongqing population is more, along with economic growth, living standards of the people
Improve, the consumption demand that will stimulate consumer, also will progressively expand though Chongqing Lee fruit marketing fresh market holds；Secondly, marketing fresh profit
Profit often pension parachute price several times even go up ten times, which not only improves the plantation enthusiasm of peasant household, allow peasant household obtain
Profit increases substantially, and progressively opening along with blue or green crisp plum fruit marketing fresh market, the volume of production of cabbage head will be further pulled on；
Again, marketing fresh also stimulates and has pulled the blue or green crisp plum fruit rise in price of traditional processing type, has indirectly promoted local farmers to increase income, very
The development of Chongqing local economy has been helped in big degree.
The innovative point of the application is:
1.1-MCP has broad application prospects in preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing and Disease management after adopting.Numerous studies show, 1-MCP can
Delay plum fruit old and feeble, keep plum fruit quality.Also having been reported that simultaneously and show, 1-MCP can reduce and adopts sending out of rear diseases of garden stuff
Raw.But process in the fresh-keeping and Disease management for adopting rear blue or green crisp plum fruit currently without about 1-MCP.And the present invention carries out
5 μ L/L 1-MCP processing modes, preserve under the conditions of low temperature (0 DEG C) to blue or green crisp plum fruit brown rot sickness rate, disease index,
Fruit aberration, the impact of the hardness of fruit, specify that 1-MCP is able to maintain that and adopt rear blue or green crisp plum fruit quality and control brown rot morbidity
Rate.
2. the chemical agent at present controlling mainly to use for disease has thiophanate-methyl, a carbendazim etc., but easily
Develop immunity to drugs.And study and show, triazole bactericidal agent Tebuconazole is not likely to produce Drug resistance.After though Tebuconazole is not used for adopting at present
In blue or green crisp plum fruit, but research finds, Tebuconazole is the most effective in control peach brown rot.Therefore the present invention have studied
13.5mg/L, 27mg/L Tebuconazole processing mode, preserve under the conditions of low temperature (0 DEG C) to blue or green crisp plum fruit brown rot sickness rate,
Disease index, fruit aberration, the hardness of fruit and the impact of Tebuconazole residual quantity.Specify that Tebuconazole can effectively control brown rot
Sickness rate and disease index, and can use in safety range.
3. the present invention is by using 1-MCP to be combined processing mode with low concentration chemistry fungicide tebuconazole, and at low temperature bar
To blue or green crisp plum fruit brown rot sickness rate, disease index, fruit aberration, the hardness of fruit and Tebuconazole residual quantity under storage under part
Impact.Determine 1-MCP be combined with Tebuconazole processing mode, under low temperature (0 DEG C) storage fruit can not only be kept good
Color and luster and hardness, delayed fruit is old and feeble；And very limits controls brown rot disease incidence, increase commodity value.This be
Blue or green crisp plum fruit storage provides new thinking with preservation technique.
Claims (1)
1. the preservation method of crisp Lee of green grass or young crops, comprises the steps:
Choose the crisp plum fruit of disease-free green grass or young crops；
After soaking 2min with the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 2%, cleaning fruit, to remove remained on surface dirt, drains；
At normal temperatures with 5 μ L/L 1-MCP closed processes 6 h；
With 13.5mg/L Tebuconazole immersion treatment fruit 1min, the fruit after process loads in plastic film bag after drying, and is placed in
0 DEG C of freezer is preserved；
Routine observation calculates fruit sickness rate, lesion diameter, measures aberration, hardness and Tebuconazole residual quantity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610366896.4A CN106035631A (en) | 2016-05-30 | 2016-05-30 | Preservation technology of prunus salicina fruits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610366896.4A CN106035631A (en) | 2016-05-30 | 2016-05-30 | Preservation technology of prunus salicina fruits |
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| CN106035631A true CN106035631A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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| CN201610366896.4A Pending CN106035631A (en) | 2016-05-30 | 2016-05-30 | Preservation technology of prunus salicina fruits |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111213709A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-02 | 西南大学 | Fresh-keeping and packaging method suitable for normal-temperature transportation of green and crisp plum fruits |
| CN112262885A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-26 | 遵义师范学院 | Fresh-keeping method and fresh-keeping storage device for green and crisp plum fruits |
| CN113749144A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 安徽农业大学 | Preservative for preventing and treating pear anthracnose and pear ring rot and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2233002A1 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2010-09-29 | Bayer CropScience AG | Post-harvest treatment |
| CN101926385A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2010-12-29 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Composite for antiseptic preservation of fruits and vegetables |
| CN104996553A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 达州市农业科学研究所 | Prunus salicina storage and preservation method |
-
2016
- 2016-05-30 CN CN201610366896.4A patent/CN106035631A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2233002A1 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2010-09-29 | Bayer CropScience AG | Post-harvest treatment |
| CN101926385A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2010-12-29 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Composite for antiseptic preservation of fruits and vegetables |
| CN104996553A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 达州市农业科学研究所 | Prunus salicina storage and preservation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 吴雪莹，等: "1-MCP处理对李果实采后生理的影响", 《食品科学》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111213709A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-02 | 西南大学 | Fresh-keeping and packaging method suitable for normal-temperature transportation of green and crisp plum fruits |
| CN112262885A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-26 | 遵义师范学院 | Fresh-keeping method and fresh-keeping storage device for green and crisp plum fruits |
| CN113749144A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-07 | 安徽农业大学 | Preservative for preventing and treating pear anthracnose and pear ring rot and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |