CN1398535A - Artificial fish powdered fodder made of waste leather and its production process - Google Patents
Artificial fish powdered fodder made of waste leather and its production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1398535A CN1398535A CN01124607A CN01124607A CN1398535A CN 1398535 A CN1398535 A CN 1398535A CN 01124607 A CN01124607 A CN 01124607A CN 01124607 A CN01124607 A CN 01124607A CN 1398535 A CN1398535 A CN 1398535A
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- fish meal
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- leather waste
- particulate material
- methionine
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Abstract
Artificial fish powdered fodder is produced by the following steps: steaming, crushing and stoving waste leather in a rotary spherical digester to obtain granulated material with 25-30% water content; inoculating fermenting saccharomycete to the mixture of the granulated material, red sugar and rice bran for lightproof fermentation and stoving to obtain fermented granulated material with 8-10% water content; mixing the fermented granulated material, lysine, methionine and calcium biphosphate; crushing and sieving. Through physical, chemical and biological process, waste leather is produced into artificial fish powder as excellent protein fodder. The artificial fish powder product contains coarse protein 62-66 wt%, phosphorus 1.8-2.5 wt%, lysine 4-5 wt% and methionine 1.5-2.5 wt%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to imitative fish meal production technology, particularly a kind of is method and the imitative fish meal that primary raw material is made imitative fish meal with the leather leftover pieces.
Background technology
Produce a large amount of scurfs in the leatherwork process, skin is broken and leftover pieces, contains rich in protein in these waste materials, protein reaches more than 70% usually; If the gentle system of chrome leather, very a high proportion of chromium is also contained in leather waste the inside.These scurfs, skin is broken and leftover pieces such as untimely processing, will form pollution, and that buries is then difficult rotten, and the then difficult of burnings fired, and contaminated air.And the animal protein resource of preciousness is thrown away in vain.On the other hand, China protein resource critical shortage, especially animal protein.The development of China's feed industry depends critically upon South America Peru, the fish meal of Chile and the dregs of beans of India, and the fish meal of the annual import of China needs several hundred million dollars foreign exchange.
From the utilization of the discarded object of leather industry and the evolution of resource, generally adopt two kinds of methods, a kind of is physical method: high-temperature process is simply pulverized then, dries, heated-air drying or high temperature fries and do, then as a kind of feedstuff utilization.Owing to the famine of the 1st, 2 limiting amino acids in the leather protein and the not science of drying means cause protein Yin Gaowen gelatinization and sex change, though crude protein content is higher than 70%, biological value is very low, far below puffed soybean protein feeds raw material.
Another kind of is chemical method: promptly soda acid is handled to be hydrolyzed and is produced peptone or hide glue.This method not only yield is low, and (less than 15%), protein resource is wasted, and can not get the science economical utilization, but also can cause otherwise pollution, and the very easily moisture absorption liquefaction of the product of the method.Mixed feed is difficult for stirring, and adhere on the equipment easily, and influence normal operation, even damage equipment.Though its crude protein content reaches more than 80%, because the 1.2nd limiting amino acid content is very low, other amino acid whose proportion structure is also extremely unreasonable, therefore nutritive value is low, biological value not only is lower than animal protein such as fish meal, good cake class vegetable protein, even is lower than grain trough albumen.As the patent No. is to produce the method for forage protein powder with chrome leather slag as described in 8107119 inventions, and the 1.2nd limiting amino acid of its product is extremely low, and is undesirable aspect practicality.
Summary of the invention
Handle and utilize the problem of aspect existence in view of present leather waste, the present invention proposes method and the imitative fish meal thereof of producing imitative fish meal with leather waste, it is with physical method, biological method and chemical method, with scurf, skin is broken and leftover pieces change into and are similar to the such good protein feed of peru fish meal, solve leather protein digestion ideally, absorbed and utilized the problem of three aspects, avoided the leather waste pollution on the environment.
What the present invention proposed produces the method for imitating fish meal with leather waste, comprises the steps:
A, leather waste is packed in the rotary spherical digester, under uniform temperature and pressure boiling 15-45 minute, to pulverize, the particulate material of water content 25-30% is made in oven dry;
B, inoculation fermentation bacterium: the rice bran of getting aforementioned 90-95% particulate material, 0.1-1% ferment bacterium, 0.1-1% brown sugar and 3-9% by weight mixes, and piles up lucifuge fermentation 3-5 days on ground, dries then, makes the fermentation particulate material of water content 8-10%;
C, get aforementioned 85-90% fermentation particulate material, 1.5-3.5% lysine, the methionine of 1-1.5% and the calcium monohydrogen phosphate of 5-12% by weight and mix, pulverize, sieving is finished product.
The imitative fish meal of producing according to the inventive method contains: crude protein 62-66%, and phosphorus 1.8-2.5%, surplus is crude ash content, moisture content etc.The lysine content of this imitative fish meal is 4-5%, and methionine content is 1.5-2.5%.
The present invention adopts physics, biology and chemically combined integrated conduct method, with scurf, skin is broken and leftover pieces, change into the good protein feed that is similar to peru fish meal, its biological processes method has solved digestion, absorbed and has utilized problem, by ferment bacterium and the movable unknown active factors that produces thereof, help the digestion of livestock and poultry body, absorb, improve immunity.
The imitative fish meal that adopts the inventive method to produce is close with import peru fish meal index, specialized department's test report shows, crude protein content reaches 62-66% in the product, phosphorus content reaches 1.8-2.5%, wherein lysine content reaches 4-5%, methionine content reaches 1.5-2.5%, belongs to a kind of high-quality environment-friendly products of alternative imported fish meal.
It is applied, and can solve present leather waste pollution on the environment, turns waste into wealth.If the leather industry discarded object in the whole nation can both develop like this, can be the foreign exchange that country saves nearly hundred million dollars every year.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with technological process Fig. 1 to the detailed description of the invention.
The method that the present invention combines with physical method, biological method and chemical method is with scurf, skin is broken and leftover pieces, changes into the good protein feed that is similar to peru fish meal.
One, adopt physical method to solve digestive problems.
1, clean do not have the broken and leftover pieces of assorted scurf, skin and put into rotary spherical digester, under the condition about 135 ℃ and 4 atmospheric pressure, and material boiling 30 minutes in rotary spherical digester.
2, be ground into 1 millimeter-sized particles, be dried into the particulate material that water content is 25-30% being lower than under 100 ℃ the temperature.
The temperature range of boiling leather waste is 100-150 ℃ in the above-mentioned rotary spherical digester, and pressure is 4 atmospheric pressure, and its drying materials temperature is 60-100 ℃.
Two, biological method solves digestion, absorption problem, by ferment bacterium and the movable unknown active factors that produces thereof, helps the digestion of livestock and poultry body, absorbs, and improves immunity.
1, inoculation fermentation bacterium: get aforementioned 94% particulate material, 0.5% ferment bacterium, 0.5% brown sugar and 5% rice bran by weight and mix, pile up on the ground the lucifuge fermentation, on stockpile, to cover winter with straw sheet, the piece of sack, with keep safeguarding fermentation the temperature of palpus.
Usually material is not higher than 60 ℃ in ground heap fermentation temperature, and this is an aerobic fermentation, is placed with thermometer in bank, and temperature turning in time above 60 ℃ prevents excessive fermentation liquefaction.Ferment 3-5 days (3 days summers, 5 days winters).
2, oven dry is dried not being higher than under 80 ℃ of temperature, makes the fermentation particulate material of water content 8-10%.
Three, chemical method: add the 1st, 2 limiting amino acid and calcium monohydrogen phosphates, make it to approach the peru fish meal index, the purpose of the method is to solve the amino acid utilization, instant feedstuff producer utilizes, and needn't change prescription, more more exchange device, only be equal to peru fish meal, used just like that.
Get fermentation particulate material 87.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 9%, lysine 2.5% and methionine 1.2%, stir evenly, pulverize at last, cross 60 mesh sieve, use the belt material bag to pack and get final product.
The lysine purity that adopts in this step is not less than 98%, and methionine purity is not less than 98%; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate is phosphorous to be not less than 17%, and calcic is not more than 22%.
Specific implementation process:
1, the leather waste (being the broken and leftover pieces of scurf, skin) with fresh free from admixture is invested in the rotary spherical digester for 1500 kilograms, heats to 135 ℃, is forced into about 4 atmospheric pressure, steams about 30 minutes to take out.If get three times material, drop into 4500 kilograms of leather wastes, the high wet hide powder of the about 10 tons of water contents about 65% of output is ground into 1 millimeter-sized particles.
2, dry under 100 ℃ to water content be 25-30%, obtain 5000 kilograms of particulate material.
3, get 25 kilograms of ferment bacterial classifications, 25 kilograms of red pool powder (melting out with a little hot water), 250 kilograms of rice brans add in above-mentioned 5000 kilograms of particulate material, mix, and place on the ground and stack, the lucifuge fermentation.The running check temperature, will stir once every day, and the control fermentation temperature must not surpass 60 ℃, if overtemperature then need in time turn over and pushes away, treats that temperature descends, and promptly carbon source has been consumed and has finished fermentation ends.
4, under 80 ℃ temperature conditions, the drying materials that ferments to moisture content 8---10%, is obtained 4000 kilograms of fermentation particulate material.
5, get 412.4 kilograms of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 115 kilograms of lysines, 55 kilograms of above-mentioned 4000 kilograms of fermentation particulate material that make of methionine and puddle evenly, pulverized 60 mesh sieve again, obtain 4582.5 kilograms of finished products.
Another embodiment is as follows:
1, clean do not have the broken and leftover pieces of assorted scurf, skin and put into rotary spherical digester, and under the condition about 150 ℃ and 4 atmospheric pressure, material boiling in rotary spherical digester was ground into 1 millimeter-sized particles about 30 minutes.
2, be dried into the particulate material that water content is 25-30% being lower than under 85 ℃ the temperature.
3, inoculation fermentation bacterium is got aforementioned 91% particulate material, 0.2% ferment bacterium, 0.8% brown sugar and 8% rice bran by weight and mixes, and piles up lucifuge fermentation 3-5 days on ground.
4, under 70 ℃ temperature, the drying materials that ferments to moisture content 8-10%, is made the fermentation particulate material of moisture 8-10%.
5, get aforementioned 85% fermentation particulate material, 3.5% lysine, 1% methionine and 10.5% calcium monohydrogen phosphate by weight and mix, pulverize, sieving is the imitative fish meal of finished product.Used lysine purity is not less than 98% in the present embodiment, and methionine purity is not less than 98%; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate is phosphorous to be not less than 17%, and calcic is not more than 22%.
The imitative fish meal that the inventive method is produced detects through Guangdong Province's animal and fowl fodder research laboratory and province's feed product quality monitoring testing station, and its conventional analysis, analysis of amino acids result are shown in table 1, table 2.Conventional analysis table 1
Analysis of amino acids table 2
| The composition title | Content | Remarks | |
| ????1 | Crude protein (%) | ?????64.44 | |
| ????2 | Moisture content (%) | ?????9.14 | |
| ????3 | Crude ash content (%) | ?????14.39 | |
| ????4 | Crude fat (%) | ?????1.49 | |
| ????5 | Crude fibre (%) | ?????0.65 | |
| ????6 | Calcium (%) | ?????2.43 | |
| ????7 | Phosphorus (%) | ?????2.2 | |
| ????8 | Mercury (mg/kg) | ?????0.53 | |
| ????9 | Plumbous (mg/kg) | ?????0.96 | |
| ????10 | Cadmium (mg/kg) | ?????0.17 | |
| ????11 | Chromium (mg/kg) | ?????3150 |
| The amino acid title | Content % (weight) | Remarks |
| Asparatate ASP | ????3.56 | |
| Glutamic acid GLU | ????4.73 | |
| Serine SER | ????2.06 | |
| Histidine HIS | ????0.27 | |
| Glycine GLY | ????14.13 | |
| Threonine THR | ????0.78 | |
| Alanine ALA | ????4.7 | |
| Arginine ARG | ????5.68 | |
| Tyrosine TYR | ????0.56 | |
| Cystine CYS | ????1.98 | |
| Valine VAL | ????1.22 | |
| Methionine MET | ????1.80 |
| Isoleucine ILE | ????0.54 | |
| Phenylpropyl alcohol ammonia PHE | ????0.69 | |
| Leucine LEU | ????1.77 | |
| Lysine LYS | ????4.6 | |
| Proline PRO | ????9.07 | |
| Tryptophan TRP | ????0.43 | |
| Use instrument HP1090 high performance liquid chromatograph |
Wherein heavy metal Hg, lead, cadmium, arsenic all are no more than national forage health standard, and the content of chromium is 3 ‰." the growth pig is to the research of leather protein powder amino acid digestibility with the chromium absorptivity aspect " [" Chinese feed research " 1997] and " application of chromium in daily ration of broiler " relevant research datas such as [" Chinese fowl industry guide " the 18th the 5th phases of volume of calendar year 2001] shows: the absorptivity of chromium is extremely low in the feed, and chromium has positive trophism to livestock and poultry.
Imitative fish meal of the present invention is as follows in the contrast test that test chicken factory of our company carries out:
Contain peru fish meal 5%, dregs of beans 18% in the control group daily ration; Contain imitative fish meal 5%, dregs of beans 18% in the test group daily ration, two groups of other compositions are all identical.
Select 4000 of chickens in the order in a collection of 52 days, be divided into two groups at random, 2000 every group, weigh on an empty stomach at 4 o'clock in afternoon on October 27th, 2000 (make in 52nd), get 30 at random for every group, record control group and on average only weigh 700 grams, test group on average only weighs 700 and restrains.The chicken stage finishes in 70 orders, 18 days experimental periods, weigh on an empty stomach at 4 o'clock in afternoon on November 14th, 2000, and get 30 at random for every group, record control group and on average only weigh 1275 grams, increase 575 grams, average daily gain 32 grams; Record test group and on average only weigh 1325 grams, increase 625 grams, average daily gain 34.5 grams.Analysis of experiments the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Test group is because the animal protein proportioning is more reasonable, ferment bacterium wherein and have the unknown that the ferment metabolic activity produced to promote the growth factor effect particularly, both promoted the pipe intestinal digesting absorption, improve resistance, promoted the anabolism of body again, the chicken defecation is good, and form is neat, and the excrement stink obviously reduces.Daily gain, meat feed ratio all are better than peru fish meal.
Claims (6)
1, a kind ofly produces the method for imitative fish meal, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: with leather waste
A, leather waste is packed in the rotary spherical digester, under uniform temperature and pressure boiling 15-45 minute, to pulverize, the particulate material of water content 25-30% is made in oven dry;
B, inoculation fermentation bacterium, getting the particulate material of aforementioned 90-95%, the ferment bacterium of 0.1-1%, the brown sugar of 0.1-1% and the rice bran of 3-9% by weight mixes, pile up lucifuge fermentation 3-5 days on ground, dry then, make the fermentation particulate material of water content 8-10%;
C, get the fermentation particulate material of aforementioned 85-90%, the lysine of 1.5-3.5%, the methionine of 1-1.5% and the calcium monohydrogen phosphate of 5-12% by weight and mix, pulverize, sieving is finished product.
2, produce the method for imitating fish meal according to claim 1 is described with leather waste, it is characterized in that: the temperature of the interior boiling leather waste of rotary spherical digester is 100-150 ℃ among the described step a, and pressure is about 4 atmospheric pressure, 60-100 ℃ of its drying materials temperature.
3, produce the method for imitating fish meal according to claim 1 is described with leather waste, it is characterized in that: mixed material is not higher than 60 ℃ in ground heap fermentation temperature among the described step b, otherwise needs timely turning; Bake out temperature is not higher than 80 ℃.
4, produce the method for imitating fish meal according to claim 1 is described with leather waste, it is characterized in that: the lysine purity among the described step c is not less than 98%, and methionine purity is not less than 98%; Calcium monohydrogen phosphate is phosphorous to be not less than 17%, and calcic is not more than 22%.
5, a kind of imitative fish meal of producing with leather waste is characterized in that containing: crude protein 62-66%, and phosphorus 1.8-2.5%, surplus is crude ash content, moisture content etc.
6, a kind of imitative fish meal of producing with leather waste, it is characterized in that: its lysine content is 4-5%, methionine content is 1.5-2.5%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN01124607A CN1398535A (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2001-07-23 | Artificial fish powdered fodder made of waste leather and its production process |
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| CN01124607A CN1398535A (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2001-07-23 | Artificial fish powdered fodder made of waste leather and its production process |
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| CN1398535A true CN1398535A (en) | 2003-02-26 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100337535C (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-09-19 | 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 | Ferment fungi biological organic fish guano, and its prodn. method |
| CN102471808A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-05-23 | 巴德尔有限责任两合公司 | Method for producing leather pellets and compound granules and use thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-07-23 CN CN01124607A patent/CN1398535A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100337535C (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-09-19 | 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 | Ferment fungi biological organic fish guano, and its prodn. method |
| CN102471808A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-05-23 | 巴德尔有限责任两合公司 | Method for producing leather pellets and compound granules and use thereof |
| CN102471808B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2016-01-20 | 巴德尔有限责任两合公司 | Manufacture method and their purposes of leather pill and composite granule |
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