CN1388274A - Physiochemical electron beam polishing method - Google Patents
Physiochemical electron beam polishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1388274A CN1388274A CN 01118250 CN01118250A CN1388274A CN 1388274 A CN1388274 A CN 1388274A CN 01118250 CN01118250 CN 01118250 CN 01118250 A CN01118250 A CN 01118250A CN 1388274 A CN1388274 A CN 1388274A
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Abstract
During the physical and chemical electronic beam polishing process, the concentration of the electrolyte solution, temperature and voltage are no controlled that the polished object conducts via the electrolyte solution bath as one capacity bath while producing gas sealing between the polished object and the bath liquid. By means of the gas sealing, some plasma-like space is made to form between the polished object and the electrolyte solution, so the surface of the polished object is electrically shocked to level into mirror surface.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of physicochemical electron beam polishing method, it is that the applying electrode point discharge causes and treats parabolic conduction, and this moment, the electrolytic solution groove became an electric capacity groove.To treat that again parabolic inserts wherein, make this moment treats to produce sealing gland between parabolic and the tank liquor, the effect that sees through sealing gland can make the space for the treatment of to form between parabolic and the electrolytic solution as the plasma body (PLASMA), and the surface that acts on polished object that sees through electrode generation handing-over is hit flat, make and treat that parabolic produces the plane as minute surface, and reach the purpose of surface finish.
Tradition electrolytic polishing method or take low voltage method, or carry out with high density electrolytic solution.For example with chromium-phosphorus-sulfuric acid electrolyte (A.M.Yampoiski " Travleniyemeta-llov ", 1980, metallurgy/Moscow; 51 pages), use the direct current of 10 to 25V voltages to carry out, and temperature is 30-70 ℃.And carried out 3-15 minute with the anodic current density of 50-60A/dm.Also have in addition a kind of containing sulfuric acid weight percent 20-25%, in temperature 18-20 ℃ the electrolytic solution, and under 6-12V voltage, do aluminium and alloy product electropolishing thereof method (WrittC.; " Galvanotechnik ", 1981, V.72; No.10, the 1073-10 page or leaf).
The method that also has a kind of electrochemical mechanism by which products of conductive materials in addition, though with high-voltage 220-380V at 35 ℃, contain in the electrolytic solution of 20% aqueous ammonium chloride solution processing to goods (electronic mechanism of V.N.Duradzhietal. " Elektronnayaobrabotka matehaiov "/material/, 1978, No.5, the 13-17 page or leaf).Yet the goods that 30-40% is arranged approximately, because of its surface reflection factor can't be reached than Ra=0.28 ... 0.32um thinner product surface light system.This method needs the electrolytic solution of concentration quite high (20%) in addition, increases manufacturing cost.
Comprehensive aforementioned the whole bag of tricks all uses the expensive and deleterious solution of high density basically, and must spend the suitable time to treat processing such as throwing goods grease removal, etching, flushing earlier.Moreover polishing time is long, need sizable electric power and labour that whole production power and usefulness are had negative influence.In addition, the electrolytic solution of high density handle to be difficult for, be easy to environment work the mischief, very undesirable.
Purpose of the present invention is being improved the polishing mode of traditional chemical method, can save pre-process such as the grease removal waiting to throw before the goods polishing, etching, flushing, and can directly polish, and avoids because of need surface treatment in advance, increases production process, brings inconvenience and wastes.
Another object of the present invention is in the problem that solves various products of conductive materials electropolishings, can be in polishing process with the electrolytic solution of inexpensive, nontoxicity and lower concentration, make whole polishing process safer, and the easier processing of the electrolytic solution of lower concentration unlikelyly works the mischief and the Strengthening and Polishing quality, saves time and cost that polishing is prepared environment.
The polishing of another purpose of the present invention in a products of conductive materials electrochemical mechanism by which process is provided and cleaning Stainless Steel Products, and can make polishing and the cleaning that is applicable to various tool steel and soft steel, copper and goods such as alloy, aluminium thereof; And polishing process is applicable to that fully any production technology adopts the mechanize and the automation process of the ecological standard of harmless and hypotoxic height on electrolytic solution.
A further object of the present invention is solving the problem of various products of conductive materials electropolishings, meticulous surface finish is provided and remove rough, their surface of cleaning brightening, in order to Hou Xu Tu brush sanitas, rust staining, incrustation scale, paint and layer of paint processing.
The characteristic of this physicochemical electron beam polishing method for keep the stable sealing gland of product surface surface and electrolytic solution separated and promote product material-anode-and water electrolytic gas between intensive chemistry and electrochemical action.It facilitates the anodic oxidation of goods metallic surface, produces the chemical milling of oxide compound thus.Polishing effect just takes place when oxidation and etching ratio reach balance, and the reflectivity that increases the surface also improves its light system (promptly reducing roughness).Maximum reflectivity obtains on the zone of oxidation minimum thickness of electrolytic gas etching part can suppressing, and etching takes the lead in taking place at the irregular place of minimum, and the zone of oxidation that this place forms is the thinnest.In addition, electric field causes the little dew part of any existing product surface summit rounding rapidly by the acceleration intensity in goods-sealing gland-electrolytic solution gap, so reduce the roughness on surface, so the reflectivity of product surface and surface finish are that the value of the current potential (volt) that applies, the key elements such as concentration, temperature and chemical ingredients of electrolytic solution determine.
Physicochemical electron beam polishing method of the present invention, it comprises: an electrolytic bath, in order to ccontaining electrolytic solution and polishing element; One temperature-control device; One voltage-operated device wherein comprises an electrode device, and a sealing gland generation device is the conductor wire that is connected with above-mentioned electrode device; Its manufacturing processed comprises following steps:
(A) according to the different electrolytic solution for the treatment of parabolic allotment different concns, concentration of electrolyte is 1-10%, so that unlikely too rare its efficient that influences of the concentration of electrolytic solution; Also avoid the overrich injury to treat the parabolic quality, make metal easily produce etching and the surperficial brilliance of the mechanism of cutting down,
(B) adjust temperature to 70-90 ℃, temperature is too low to be undermined the stability of sealing gland and makes process that significantly electric current and voltage fluctuation be arranged to avoid; When too high because of the effect of rising ionogen makes machine-processed quality impaired and influence thermal equilibrium between sealing gland and the electrolytic solution,
(C) adjust voltage to 240-380V, too high voltages easily causes the collapse in goods and electrolytic solution gap to cause erosion, if sealing gland is stable impaired around the too low then goods of voltage.Wherein adding concentration in electrolytic solution is ammonium chloride, the sulphur cyanogen ammonium of 0.5-3%, can prolong ammonium chloride, sulphur cyanogen ammonium electrolytic solution life-span 50-100%.
Apparently, use too dense electrolytic solution significantly to injure and treat that parabolic quality, metal easily produce etching and the surperficial brightness (gloss) of the mechanism of cutting down.In like manner, if temperature is too high, electrolytic solution raises and the generation pin hole in the chemical action of this temperature, and same meeting causes negative influence to machine-processed quality.If voltage (current potential) is too high, then because of power collapse by electrode product electrolytic solution gap, the small hole that causes and make the roughness increase on mechanism surface.
The present invention will be described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of finishing method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the operational flowchart of method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the voltage U of electrolytic solution of different concns C and the graph of a relation of electrolyte temperature t;
Fig. 4 is surface roughness Ra and emittance γ and the graph of a relation that applies voltage (current potential) U.
Among the figure:
10 treat parabolic spare 20 electrolytic baths
30 sealing glands, 40 conductor wires
The first embodiment of the present invention, machine-processed goods are 20 * 30 * 2mm
3,, contain 0.1%C, 18%Cr, 10%N; The flat work package of corrosion protection steel of 1%Ti Fe-equal amount.The mechanism time is 2 minutes.Initial surfaceness is Ra=0.65-0.68 μ m, and original reflection rate γ is 35-38%, (with regard to silver mirror).
Workpiece mechanism energy rate is selected in following scope: operating voltage, 240-320V; Electrolytic solution, temperature 40-80 ℃; Bath composition, the ammonium sulfate solution of weight 2-6%.The upper limit of suggestion aforementioned range is done following consideration and selected: in addition, the voltage increase is quickened the power input.Therefore polishing process is limited by the low limit value of going up of machine-processed energy rate; Voltage (current potential), 320V; Electrolyte temperature, 80 ℃; Concentration of electrolyte, 6% of weight.
The zone that the average chart that the selection of aforementioned process energy rate scope lower value has concerned between the electrolyte temperature t by voltage (current potential) the value U (Fig. 3) that obtained of experiment and different concns C draws normal processes on the zone of stablizing sealing gland and Fig. 3 is the zone, upper right side of concentration of electrolyte C line.Equal set concentration C if from then on be elected to the working point of the lower left of curve on the zone, then can make to seal interruption, cause the switch transition of electrolytic process energy rate, promptly electrolytic solution is intermittent directly contacts with product surface.On this kind contact area, traditional electrochemical metal erosion can take place, cause reflectivity sharply to descend and the increase surfaceness.Therefore in addition, because the consumed current value far surpasses stabilization process institute consumed current value,, thereby undermine the economic specified of machine-processed process so power input is sharply increased.Therefore, must avoid the switch transition energy rate of electropolishing with the whole bag of tricks.
Consider the low limit value of going up of aforementioned electropolishing energy rate, the work area on Fig. 3 for be limited by AB (voltage U) extended line, BD (electrolyte temperature " t "), with the zone of DA (concentration of electrolyte C) extended line.Can be by finding out on the figure, the rising electrolyte temperature " t " that the reduction of concentration of electrolyte C can cause the voltage U Schwellenwert is the process of supporting ﹠ stablizing then.If concentration of electrolyte C equals 2%, temperature t and voltage U are then used the low concentration of electrolyte C of no negative impact near low limit value.Below second table 1 added up the result of goods mechanism.
Counting on a little of roughness (surface finish Ra) is shown on Fig. 4 with the reflectivity γ that applies voltage (current potential), the variation of curve 1 display surface roughness Ra; 2 demonstrations of curve are according to revealing method example 1, and the reflectivity γ on the goods mechanism changes.Can be by seeing on Fig. 4, with the surface roughness Ra of 0.16-0.12m (curve 1), the maximum value that in magnitude of voltage 300-320V scope, is obtained.Second fundamental characteristics one reflectivity γ one can be by seeing on the similar form, and the energy rate of advising with revealing method is 93-95%, and it can be confirmed by the characteristic on the curve 2.
The second embodiment of the present invention is handled composite metal product, as hiding the artificial tooth of being made by anti-corrosion level steel.The compacting shape of artificial tooth partly is to be made by the C that contains 0.12%, 18% Cr, 9% Ni, the steel of Fe equal amount, and the intermediary cast part is to be made by the C that contains 0.2%, 18% Cr, 9% Ni, 2% Si, the steel of Fe equal amount.
Work package has initial surface roughness Ra=0.7 ... 0.73 μ m 36-38% reflectivity (with regard to silver mirror).The mechanism time is 2 minutes.The work energy rate of composite metal product is selected in following scope: put on the voltage (current potential) of machine-processed goods, 70-90 ℃ of 330-380V electrolyte temperature; Bath composition, the potassium sulfate solution of weight 1-10%.
No matter they are machine or with the electrolysis mechanism of different energy rates for the polishing technology of conventional composite goods supposition,, all decide on the grade that makes up on the article construction as different voltage and temperature value and different bath compositions.Suggestion can increase the technology of machine-processed surface albedo with single process compound (bimetal) goods mechanism of accompanying.
Use the electrolytic solution of potassium sulfate solution can obtain the effect of polishing as chromium-nickel-silicon steel goods such as the mirror.330-380V is to be explained by the fact of reducing to 300-315V voltage with the selection of interior operating voltage, and its sealing gland stability decay the sealing gland interruption takes place and makes process obtain the switch transition energy rate by rapid the beating of current value.So just, can damage machine-processed quality and roll up the power input.Rise to 385-400V as if voltage, then reflectivity T and surface finish Ra.Will to develop the vestige that by electrode/goods one electrolytic solution gap impaired because of the metallic surface.
If concentration of electrolyte is reduced to below 1%, then the output of machine-processed operation is impaired, and must apply the low conduction coefficient that higher voltage compensates solution.If concentration of electrolyte rises to more than 10%, then the metal etching that takes the lead in damages emissivity in a large number.The electrolysis temperature that produces this example mechanism process of optimum parameter is 70-90 ℃ and then can undermines the stability of sealing gland and make process that significantly electric current and voltage fluctuation be arranged if temperature is lower than 70 ℃; If temperature is higher than 90 ℃, then machine-processed quality is will be because of the effect of rising ionogen impaired and influence thermal equilibrium between sealing gland and the electrolytic solution.
Table one
By containing 0.1%C 18%Cr 10%N; The energy rate and the result of the steel work mechanism of 1%Ti
Concentration of electrolyte C%
1 2 4
123456789 10 11 energy rate U.V, 340 330 320 330 320 310 330 310 300 290 270T (℃) 80 85 90 75 80 85 60 65 70 80 85I (A/cm
2) 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.25 0.22 0.21 0.27 0.24 0.22 0.21 0.2
(continuous table one)
ParameterRa (μ m) 0.25 1.06 1.46 0.22 0.34 0.42 0.18 0.14 0.1 0.24 0.86 γ (%) 35 34 33 44 42 39 53 65 92 47 41
6 7
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 energy rate U.V, 330 310 290 250 230 330 270 220T (℃) 40 50 65 75 85 45 60 80I (A/cm
2) 0.28 0.24 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.3 0.27 0.21
ParameterRa (μ m) 0.22 0.18 0.12 0.08 0.36 0.18 0.2 0.25 γ (%) 45 65 77 95 56 37 39 36 is U.V=voltage wherein
I=current density
Ra=mechanism table surface roughness
γ=machine-processed surface albedo table two
Energy rate and result by present method mechanism artificial tooth tinsel
Concentration of electrolyte C%
0.8 1
12345678 energy rate U.V, 390 360 330 310 390 360 330 310 γ (%), 35 36 35.6 36 36 36 36 36Ra (μ m), 0.21 0.22 0.3 0.33 0.18 0.16 0.24 0.27 γ (%), 35 36 35 35 36 36 36 36Ra (μ m) 0.23 0.25 0.34 0.35 0.19 0.17 0.25 0.29
(continuous table two)
3 5
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 energy rate U.V, 390 360 330 310 390 360 330 310 γ (%), 54 69 63 49 65 91 81 69Ra (μ m), 0.15 0.11 0.15 0.17 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.1 γ (%), 53 67 61 49 67 93 79 67Ra (μ m) 0.15 0.12 0.17 0.16 0.14 0.1 0.09 0.1
7 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 energy rate U.V, 390 360 330 310 390 360 330 310 γ (%), 57 79 85 61 36 39 41 36Ra (μ m), 0.13 0.1 0.1 0.12 0.12 0.28 0.22 0.23 γ (%), 61 79 75 63 36 39 43 36Ra (μ m) 0.14 0.11 0.1 0.13 0.27 0.26 0.21 0.23
11
25 26 27 28 energy rate U.V, 390 360 330 310 γ (%), 35 35 35 35Ra (μ m), 0.47 0.45 0.41 0.43 γ (%), 35 36 35 36Ra (μ m) 0.46 0.44 0.39 0.4
U.V=voltage wherein
The I=current density
Ra=mechanism table surface roughness
γ=machine-processed surface albedo
The third embodiment of the present invention, with diameter 0.4 μ m and 1 μ m, based on the insulated copper that sprays paint of polyester and Vinyl Acetate Copolymer enamel around fine rule mechanism to remove insulation layer and to strike off the light of copper line surface.The mechanism energy rate is in following scope: voltage 200-210V; Electrolyte temperature 40-50 ℃; Electrolytic solution is the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 8-12%.
The method that discloses on this example is to carry out the electronic-process of surging of electrolysis mechanism.The characteristic of process hinders the welding of follow-up copper wire for lacking the specific heat that goods heat up, and needs to be centered around the extra assignment that oxide compound strikes off around the sealing gland.Because the high strength of electric field and the temperature of rising, so sealing gland is and the strong interactive chemical action medium of machine-processed product surface, therefore the chemical action medium of sealing gland with at electric crevasse, the enamel insulation of spraying paint has been burnt in the combined action of local development gas lift temperature, cleans Tu layer simultaneously and remains copper wire surface on the vestige.
Process is carried out as follows: the 200-210V current potential is applied on the copper wire of dipping part top, therefore copper wire naked cut with the surface on develop and sealing gland.Burn the lip-deep insulation of copper wire by the intensification that sealing gland develops on discharge channel.When the insulator surface zone of charging becomes conductor, also go out sealing gland in this regional development, removing remaining insulation and removing the surface becomes in fact very clean state.Enamel sprays paint that the most effective destruction occurs in the copper wire surface cleaned and still coated with on the interface between the Surface Insulation.This initiatively removes the top layer that insulation layer rises to isolator.
200-210V selects volts lost 188-195V with interior operating voltage (current potential), and the stable impaired fact of sealing gland development is facilitated.It causes indefinite work energy rate and process efficiency is reduced in a large number.Yet, when voltage rises to 220-230V or when higher, can increase the thickness of sealing gland.
Make the NaOH solution of chemical action in the water can have high conductivity by it, avoid the over-drastic heating when 200-210V of anode copper wire, behind intact clear all Tu layer, the corrosion protection of copper wire explained with the high chemical action of surplus surplus Tu layer and the alkalescence of solution as electrolytic solution.If use the concentration below 8%, then effect is influenced by the insufficient chemical action of solution.Concentration is increased to the increase that can cause NaOH input more than 12% and in cleaning course spillage solution initiatively, make Working environment impaired and can not increase output.Adopting 40-50 ℃ of temperature range is to explain with the following fact, below 40 ℃ the time, sealing gland can take place interrupt and cause the switch transition energy rate, if temperature surpasses 50 ℃, then can increase sealing gland thickness and undermines the efficient of complete scavenging process.
The minimum cleaning time of aforementioned copper wire is in the revealing method: the copper wire of diameter 0.4 μ m, 8 seconds; The copper wire of diameter 1 μ m, 28 seconds, the copper wire of diameter 0.4 μ m, 16 seconds (energy rate of modification); The copper wire of diameter 1m, 36 seconds.
Therefore, remove the copper wire enameling insulating process of spraying paint fully and can make the output of processing quicken 2 to 4 times, and save manpower, avoid using expensive with deleterious chemical and improve Working environment.
The fourth embodiment of the present invention is handled and to be contained 62% copper with 38% zinc alloy and be entirely 20 * 30 * 1mm that clean steel is made
3Dull and stereotyped.The mechanism time was 60 seconds.Initial surface roughness Ra=0.55-0.6 μ m, and reflectivity is the 32-35% of silver mirror.The mechanism energy rate is selected from following scope: operating voltage, 200-400V, electrolyte temperature, 40-90 ℃; Bath composition, concentration are that the potassium aluminium sulfate aqueous solution of weight 0.5-0.8% is (or with the Na of+0.5-3%
2CO
3, the ammonium citrate of replacement weight 0.5-6%; Or second ammonium four acetic acid of weight 0.5-6%).
The selection of low limit value is voltage to reduce to 200V when following under the voltage, and the fact that the sealing gland that forms around the goods takes place to interrupt is explained, and is all right no matter whether this kind sealing gland occurs under the primary condition of electric power pattern.Under this kind state, machine-processed process can roll up the consumption of electric current and make polishing effect impaired, and just as not polishing fully, and it is black to occur one deck sweat on product surface.In other words, if when voltage surpasses 400V, collapse causes and occurs pin hole on the product surface and make politure impaired during by goods one electrolytic solution gap because of electric power.
If aforementioned strength of solution is lower than 0.5%, then in the operating voltage entire area of aforementioned 200-400V, can not keep a stable electric power process, therefore the output to machine-processed process has negative influence.If surpass the upper limit of aforementioned concentration, then can first etching make the polishing quality impaired.If electrolyte temperature is lower than 40 ℃, then once found the stable impaired of sealing gland, threaten the interruption of machine-processed process.If electrolyte temperature surpasses 90 ℃, then machine-processed quality will cause a large amount of evaporations of water to undermine machine-processed quality because of the increase of electrolytic solution chemical action and because of strength of solution changes.
Aforesaid machine-processed energy rate produces the silver mirror reflectivity of surfaceness γ=93-97% of Ra=0.05 μ, and therefore, the mechanism shown in the revealing method can obtain meticulous polishing quality, and the mechanism time is lowered 1/3rd and reduce concentration 8-10 times.
The fifth embodiment of the present invention is with 20 * 30 * 1mm
3Soft steel (carbon content 0.08%) flat articles mechanism 3 minutes.Initial surface roughness Ra=1.2 μ m and the silver mirror reflectivity of γ=33-35% is arranged.The mechanism energy rate is selected from following scope: operating voltage (current potential), 240-380V; Electrolyte temperature 80-95 ℃; Bath composition, the ammonium chloride solution of weight 0.5-8%.The selection of the low limit value of these scopes is explained as follows:
Show that by test if voltage is increased to more than the 380-390V, then initial surface roughness Ra causes the enhancing of electric power erosion to increase because of electric power and collapse by goods-electrolytic solution gap.If loss of voltage is to 230-240V, it is indefinite that then sealing gland stable impaired around the goods, and process itself becomes, and current value can rapid up and down beating.It causes the significantly rising of electric weight, causes the negative impact of last reflectivity γ simultaneously and increases the surface roughness Ra of machine-processed goods.If electrolyte temperature is lower than 75-80 ℃, then process stability is impaired and can not recover to 380-390V by increasing voltage.If electrolyte temperature above 95 ℃, then increases the chemical action of electrolytic solution and makes machine-processed quality impaired.The result of mechanism operation adds up on table 3.
Table 3
The energy rate of machine-processed low carbon steel products (C=0.8%) and parameter electrolysis concentration 0.3 0.5 density (20 ℃) 390 320 360 230 390 320 360 230T ℃ of 82 82 84 85 82 85 85 85 γ of 1.001 100.1U.V (%) 34 36 35 34 37 41 38 35 in ammonium chloride solution
(continued two) Ra (μ m) 1.03 1.22 1.14 1.13 1.12 1.06 1.10 1.13 electrolysis concentration, 35 density (20 ℃) 390 320 260 230 390 320 260 230T ℃ of 84 85 83 83 84 82 82 85 γ of 1.008 1.014U.V (%) 49 87 83 61 47 77 67 53Ra (μ m) 10.29 0.23 0.21 0.31 0.68 0.42 0.4 0.51 electrolysis concentration, 8.0 8.5 density (20 ℃) 390 320 260 230 390 320 260 230T ℃ of 85 83 83 85 82 82 85 85 γ of 1.018 1.019U.V (%) 35 37 43 35 34 34 35 34Ra (μ m) 1.2 1.14 1.12 1.15 1.52 1.37 1.32 1.25
The sixth embodiment of the present invention is that ammonium chloride, the sulphur cyanogen ammonium of 0.5-3% adds in the electrolytic solution in order to prolong electrolytic solution life-span of containing ammonium chloride with concentration, is shown by test can prolong electrolytic solution life-span 50-100% with this kind method.Handle a collection of 50 goods with the whole 150 minutes time, if the index of stability of last surface irregularity Ra is mechanism relative one identical electrolytic solution and quantity is increased to 100 by 50, and then Ra has negative influence.Therefore, contain concentration and be 360-260-240V as weight 3% and voltage that apply if use, then by the gross in 100 goods last surfaceness (light system) value of last part goods increase to 0.25-0.23-0.32 μ m respectively.If will contain the NH that concentration is weight M%
4CHS is added in the identical electrolytic solution, then the last surfaceness that only just can see increase when machine-processed goods surpass 100 by the gross.Therefore, we find to increase by 2 times if additive is added the life-span that can make electrolytic solution in the electrolytic solution, and can not undermine the last reflectivity T and the surperficial final finishing Ra of machine-processed goods.Table 4 has been added up to contain 2 kinds of composition sulphur cyanogen ammonium (NH
4CHS) the additive electrolytic solution test result of being carried out.If the additive concentration that adds at below 0.5% of its weight, then in fact to the not influence in work-ing life of electrolytic solution, no matter whether the concentration of additive surpasses 3%, all can show one deck black on product surface.NHCL and NH with other ratio in the stated limit
4CHS, then test shows similar result: reflectivity γ and not influence of surface finish Ra to machine-processed goods prolong 50-100% simultaneously the work-ing life of electrolytic solution.
Table 4 adds the electrolytic solution machine in work-ing life of ammonium prolongation electrolytic solution and puts
Mechanism quantity Composition parameter 50 75 100 125 150NH
4Cl-3% γ (%) 0.25 0.32 0.41 0.6 0.85
Ra(μm) 90 69 61 57 53NH
4C1-3％?γ(％) 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.39 0.39NH
4CNS-1％?Ra(μm) 90.5 90 89 69 65
The seventh embodiment of the present invention is with 20 * 30 * 2mm
3Flat aluminium sheet mechanism 1 minute.Initial surface roughness Ra=1.03 μ m and 35% silver mirror reflectivity is arranged.The mechanism energy rate is selected from following scope: operating voltage (current potential) 260-400V; Electrolyte temperature 70-90 ℃; Bath composition, the ferric chloride Solution of weight 0.5-3%.
On the power hydraulic pressure dynamic mode, come machine-processed aluminium that mechanism reflectivity γ and light system Ra that the surface increases are provided with iron(ic) chloride.The polishing effect 3% that limit value is produced is hanged down in going up of concentration, and higher concentration can cause metal to produce etching and make the gloss forfeiture.If the electrolytic solution of concentration 0.5-3% is heated to more than 90 ℃, then machine-processed goods will cause the injury that pin hole occurs because of the chemical action that electrolytic solution increases.When voltage surpasses 400V, increase by the roughness Ra that can make the mechanism surface by the said minuscule hole that goods-electrolytic solution gap power collapse causes.
If the concentration of electrolytic solution is below 0.5%, then minimum voltage value that still keeps and the temperature in the stabilization process just rise.If the concentration of electrolytic solution be lower than 0.5% and temperature below 60%, then electrolysis mechanism process change becomes the switch transition pattern, makes surperficial regular the contacting of electrolytic solution and mechanism.Increased electrochemical anode erosion in the zone of action and made the impaired and increase roughness Ra of the surperficial reflectivity of mechanism.Demonstrate in surfaceness reduce to 0.3 μ m, and reflectivity brings up to 73%.
Claims (2)
1. physicochemical electron beam polishing method, it comprises:
One electrolytic bath is in order to ccontaining electrolytic solution and polishing element;
One temperature-control device;
One voltage-operated device wherein comprises an electrode device, and a sealing gland generation device is the conductor wire that is connected with above-mentioned electrode device; Its manufacturing processed comprises following steps:
(A) according to the different electrolytic solution for the treatment of parabolic allotment different concns, concentration of electrolyte is 1-10%, so that unlikely too rare its efficient that influences of the concentration of electrolytic solution is treated the parabolic quality to avoid the overrich injury, make metal easily produce etching and cut down the brilliance on mechanism surface
(B) adjust temperature to 70-90 ℃, temperature is too low to be undermined the stability of sealing gland and makes process that significantly electric current and voltage fluctuation be arranged to avoid; When too high because of the effect of rising ionogen makes machine-processed quality impaired and influence thermal equilibrium between sealing gland and the electrolytic solution,
(C) adjust voltage to 240-380V, too high voltages easily causes the collapse in goods and electrolytic solution gap to cause erosion, if sealing gland is stable impaired around the too low then goods of voltage.
2. physicochemical electron beam polishing method according to claim 1, wherein adding concentration in electrolytic solution is ammonium chloride, the sulphur cyanogen ammonium of 0.5-3%, can prolong ammonium chloride, sulphur cyanogen ammonium electrolytic solution life-span 50-100%.
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2001
- 2001-05-25 CN CN 01118250 patent/CN1388274A/en active Pending
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| CN107513758A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-26 | 哈工大机器人（合肥）国际创新研究院 | Liquid phase plasma nanometer burnishing liquid, its preparation method and the application of one Albatra metal |
| CN107513758B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-16 | 哈工大机器人（合肥）国际创新研究院 | Liquid phase plasma nanometer burnishing liquid, preparation method and the application of one Albatra metal |
| CN109735895A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-05-10 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of the electrolyte plasma polishing fluid and polishing process of aluminium alloy |
| CN110820038A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-21 | 河海大学常州校区 | High-temperature alloy plasma electrochemical grinding device |
| CN110820038B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-09-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | High-temperature alloy plasma electrochemical grinding device |
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