CN1383790A - 脊椎融合移植物 - Google Patents

脊椎融合移植物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1383790A
CN1383790A CN02118572A CN02118572A CN1383790A CN 1383790 A CN1383790 A CN 1383790A CN 02118572 A CN02118572 A CN 02118572A CN 02118572 A CN02118572 A CN 02118572A CN 1383790 A CN1383790 A CN 1383790A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
graft
spondylodesis
main body
securing member
extrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN02118572A
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English (en)
Inventor
崔吉运
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEE CHON-TAIK
LEE CHON TAIK
Original Assignee
LEE CHON-TAIK
LEE CHON TAIK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR10-2001-0023245A external-priority patent/KR100395253B1/ko
Application filed by LEE CHON-TAIK, LEE CHON TAIK filed Critical LEE CHON-TAIK
Publication of CN1383790A publication Critical patent/CN1383790A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A61F2/446—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or elliptical cross-section substantially parallel to the axis of the spine, e.g. cylinders or frustocones
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Abstract

本发明提供一种脊椎融合移植物,包括:带有可展开前端的圆柱形主体;帽形挤压件,通过承受拉力而扩张主体的前端;封闭件,接合到主体后端,并该封闭件可作为紧固件接合的导向装置;紧固件,接合在封闭件并推压挤压件。本发明,可在手术中通过主体被插入融合部分,用挤压件和紧固件扩张主体前端,以便脊椎融合移植物固定而适于相邻椎骨之间的前和后间隙。

Description

脊椎融合移植物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于脊椎融合手术的脊椎融合移植物。
背景技术
人体中，脊椎通过椎间盘连接脊椎骨形成一“Lasy-S”形曲线，脊柱由柱体和位于后部的弓组成，后椎弓包括带有一对椎弓根的椎管，从椎弓根、椎弓板及棘突向后伸展的上或下的肋切迹，神经贯穿椎管。
脊椎中，当连接脊椎骨的椎间盘退化和裂开，或脊柱后突出组成的关节受损和退化时，就使脊椎离开正常位置，由于各种原因当外力作用或压迫贯穿椎管神经而使脊椎变形及错位时，就产生疼痛。
在病人的某一部分脊椎，特别是椎间盘裂开或受损的情况下，就需要融合脊椎的手术，该手术用移植物代替破裂或者受损的椎间盘。
通常对于脊椎前凸症的脊椎融合是使用骨桥方法进行治疗，该方法使用与椎间盘相邻的脊椎骨间的间隙。
骨桥方法是先打孔贯穿过相邻椎骨之间椎间盘的间隙，然后将移植物插进孔里，使得移植物与相邻椎骨融合。
图7的透视图示出现有的脊椎融合移植物。
脊椎融合移植物BI′呈带状，包括多个沿圆周形成的固定间隔的通孔。在脊椎融合移植物BI′的前、后端形成与安装工具D接合的孔100。
尤其，脊椎融合移植物BI′前端的宽度比后端宽，这样可将移植物BI插入固定，以在移植后适合相邻椎骨之间的前和后间隙。
图8和图9的剖面图示出现有的脊椎融合移植物BI′的插入过程。
首先，如图8所示，在相邻椎骨P和P间的椎间盘间隙形成孔，手术安装工具D与脊椎融合移植物BI′的孔100接合，然后，脊椎融合移植物BI′被插进孔里，水平放置。
因为脊椎融合移植物BI′在前、后端的高度相同，所以插入很方便。
接下来如图9所示，脊椎融合移植物BI′被放在适合融合的位置，旋转90度，这样，其能适当地固定在相邻椎骨P和P间的宽的前间隙和相对较较窄的后间隙。
在上述完成移植物插入过程之后，将骨材和融合助剂放进脊椎融合移植物BI′里并填充在相邻椎骨P和P之间，这样，脊椎融合手术就完成了。
如图10所示，脊椎融合移植物BI′，通常插入相邻椎骨P和P之间的两个椎间盘间隙。
但是，现有的脊椎融合移植物BI′存在如下问题。
首先，为使移植物适合于相邻椎骨间的前和后间隙，就要水平插入并转动90度。在脊椎融合移植物BI′转动时，椎骨可能被移植物两侧锋利的边不必要地割伤和损坏。
其次，在植入手术后，相邻椎骨间的间隙被骨材和融合助剂填充。但是，由于现有的植入物在结构上的特点，很难在手术之前填充相邻椎骨之间的间隙。并且，在手术后通过移植物的孔去填充该间隙，不仅困难，而且即麻烦又复杂。因此，手术时间被延长，这可能成为病人的负担。
发明内容
本发明目的是解决上述问题。本发明的目的是提供一种脊椎融合移植物，通过插入完成之后其前端的展开，而固定以适于相邻椎骨间的前和后间隙，从而很好地排除了脊椎的不当损坏，并且，使用圆柱形主体，在手术前能提供充足的骨状物，所以整个手术能安全有效地进行。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种脊椎融合移植物，减少占据主体很大空间的挤压件的尺寸，同时保持其最低功能，而尽可能多地界定出填充骨状物的空间，并且，使用螺旋式的紧固件，向周围椎骨扩散填在其中的骨状物且增加骨状物的填充密度，使脊椎融合移植物与椎骨迅速、稳定地融合，加快骨骼的生长，提高脊椎的稳定性，并且，医生也可以因手术容简易而保持镇静。
2.为达到上述目的，本发明提供一种脊椎融合移植物，包括：带有可展开前端的圆柱形主体；帽形挤压件，通过承受拉力而扩张主体的前端；封闭件，接合到主体后端，并该封闭件可作为紧固件接合的导向装置；紧固件，接合在封闭件并推压挤压件。
本发明中，主体前端在手术中通过主体插进融合部分，用挤压件和紧固件扩张，使得脊椎融合移植物被固定在适合于相邻椎骨之间的前和后间隙。
本发明涉及包含有可展开前端的主体、挤压件、和使前端能够扩张的紧固件的脊椎融合移植物，它了可将挤压件所占空间减至最小，从而以填充更多的骨材和融合助剂，且使骨材和融合助剂有效地扩散，以使脊椎融合移植物和周围脊椎骨很好地融合，加快骨骼的生长和提高手术后的安全性
本发明的优点是：
本发明的脊椎融合移植物，通过插入完成后其前端的扩张，被固定适合于相邻椎骨之间的前和后间隙，界定出最大内腔，同时使其内所填充的骨状物能够直接接触椎骨，从而为骨融合创造有利条件。因此，骨椎完全不会由于不当而受损，手术是用插入之前填充了足够骨状物的移植物来进行的。
进一步，本发明的脊椎融合移植物界定出尽可能大的填充骨状物的内部空间，而且，向周围椎骨扩散其所填充的骨状物，以增加骨填充密度。因此，脊椎融合移植物可与椎骨快速稳定地融合，加快骨骼生长并且提高脊椎的稳定性。并且，医生由于手术简易而能够保持镇静，从而使整个脊椎融合手术可安全有效地进行。
附图说明
通过以下结合附图对本发明优选实施方案的说明，可将本发明的特征和优点更详细地描述：
图1是本发明脊椎融合移植物的正视图；
图2是本发明脊椎融合移植物的剖面分解图；
图3a至图3d的剖面图示出本发明脊椎融合移植物的插入过程；
图4是本发明脊椎融合移植物另一实施方案的透视图；
图5是本发明脊椎融合移植物另一实施方案的分解透视图；
图6是示出图4和图5的另一实施方案的脊椎融合移植物的展开的端部透视图；
图7是现有技术中脊椎融合移植物的透视图；
图8和图9是现有技术脊椎融合移植物的剖面图；
图10是该脊椎融合移植物插入位置的后视图。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的第一和第二实施方案，本发明的实施例结合附图加以说明。在本发明的说明中，相同元件的名称和件号相同，并省略了相同的说明。
图1示出本发明脊椎融合移植物的正视图，图2示出本发明脊椎融合移植物的剖面分解图。
主体1包括带有球形前端和敞开后端的柱体及切口部分11，该切口部分11形成在主体1，从前端延伸到后端、并且至少以一个方向切开，以便能使前端扩张。
主体1的柱体结构易于将取自病人的骨骼填充进主体1里。
切口部分11优选直线形或十字形，以将主体的前端分成两部分或四部分，在主体1还可形成有更多的切口部分11。
在切口部分11一端形成的切口保持孔12防止因前端扩张而引起主体1的损坏或力量减弱。
螺栓头形状的安装工具安装面13形成在主体1后端的内圆周面上，以与手术安装工具连接，在安装工具安装面13的内侧形成一定长度的螺纹部分14，并且，封闭件3的螺纹部分31与其啮合。
此外，在主体1外圆周面沿长度方向形成连续突起的螺旋筋15。螺旋筋15使得主体1能容易插入，并且，由于增加了与椎骨的接触面，也有利于骨骼生长。
另外，在主体1的整个表面上设有多个骨融合孔16，在融合过程中，该孔16用来帮助骨骼的内部生长和骨骼的连接。
件号17是在前端内侧形成的“∧”形挤压面，以与下述挤压件2接合。
尤其，为插入脊椎骨间，该主体前端的直径小于主体后端直径，例如小1-2mm。
挤压件2包括在前端有倾斜压面12的帽形件，通过插在挤压面17而暂时固定。
挤压件2具有的长度，仅接触到主体1的受挤压面17，即，在主体1内腔占据的体积最小，以便在主体1界定出更大的骨状物填充空间。
同样，挤压件2内底面的中部是内凹的锥形，以便将紧固件4的前端准确地引导到挤压件2的中部，因此，挤压件2的中部会承受紧固件4的全部压力。
因为，形成在封闭件3外圆周面上的螺纹部分31与主体1后部的螺纹14相啮合，所以，封闭件3主要用作封闭主体1的后端。
封闭件3大体上是用于啮合紧固件4的辅助件，因此，在其内圆周面形成有用于啮合的螺纹32，以用作手术安装工具的安装面以及填充骨状物的通道。螺纹部分在将骨状物从螺纹32填充进主体1之后，螺纹32就被紧固件4封闭。
紧固件4是使用紧固件4与封闭件3相啮合时产生的力去推压挤压件2。
与封闭件3的螺纹部分32相啮合的螺纹部分41，形成在紧固件4后部的外圆周面上，以便螺纹部分41通过螺纹分部41与螺纹部分32相啮合所前进的距离推压挤压件2。
此外，用于手术安装工具的安装面42是设在紧固件4后部的内圆周面上，并且，该安装面42可与封闭件3的安装面相同。
进一步，在紧固件4中，其上部被制成小直径的长压杆43，它几乎占据了整个紧固件4的长度，在压杆43的外圆周面上以固定斜度连续形成出螺旋叶片44。当螺旋叶片44随紧固件4的旋转而转动时，其用于向外侧，即主体1的壁，推压所填充的骨材或融合助剂，以便增加主体1中的骨填充密度，并且，通过孔16可有效地促进骨材与脊椎的融合。
本发明的在脊椎之间插入脊椎融合移植物BI的过程如下。
如图3a所示，为按本发明在椎骨间插入脊椎融合移植物BI，挤压件2暂时接合在主体1的挤压面17上，并且，封闭件3和紧固件4与主体1分离。
在此情况下，如图3b所示，主体1的内腔用取自病人手术部分的粉碎骨骼填充，封闭件3用手术安装工具D1与主体1的螺纹部分14相啮合。本过程发生在病人相应的手术部分之外，从而能毫无困难地进行，并且，主体1的前端没有变形。
参照图3c，用接合在主体1的安装面13上的安装工具D2转动主体1、挤压件2和封闭件3，随后，从脊柱背部插进在相邻椎骨P和P之间的椎间盘间隙的孔中。用于插入主体1使用的手术安装工具D2是中空的。
在以上的插入过程中，因为首先插入的是直径相对较小的前端，所以能容易地插入主体1。
参照图3d，当主体1插入完成时，紧固件4通过中空的手术安装工具D2的内腔和封闭件3的螺纹部分32被插入进主体1，然后，使用插进手术安装工具D2的手术安装工具D3，将紧固件4啮合到封闭件3的螺纹部分32。
在紧固件4的旋入过程中，其前端从初步啮合接触到挤压件2凹的锥形部分，挤压件2在主体1的受挤压面滑动，并朝主体1的前端与紧固件4啮合程度成比例地被推压。
在朝主体1前端推压挤压件2时，主体1前端被扩张。另外，随着紧固件4的转动，螺旋叶片44将主体1中的骨状物通过融合孔16推压和扩散到外面以融合，以便主体1中的骨状物与椎骨相接触并促进手术后的骨融合。
紧固件4完全旋入时，即，紧固件4的后突缘与封闭件3的后端接合时，主体1前端在上、下椎骨P和P之间相对较宽的前间隙里适当地打开。换句话说，脊椎融合移植物BI插入适于较宽的前间隙和相对较窄的后间隙并固定，以支撑上、下椎骨P和P。在此情况下，脊椎融合移植物的插入过程就完成了。
如图10所示，本发明的脊椎融合移植物BI插入进脊椎P和P之间的两间隙里，以支撑上、下脊椎P和P的稳定和平衡。
参照图4至图6，主体1至少可配有一对均匀分布的矩形孔16′用于骨融合，作为另一实施方案，显然它也落在本发明的范围之内。
尽管以上说明了一些实施方案，但显然，本发明能可以一些其他的方式实现，这些方案也包括在本发明精神和范围内。因此本发明的实施方案应被视为是说明性的，并且，本发明可在权利要求和其等同物的范围内进行修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于，包括：
带有可展开前端的圆柱形主体；
帽形挤压件，通过承受拉力而扩张主体的前端；
封闭件，接合到主体后端，并该封闭件可作为紧固件接合的导向装置；
紧固件，接合在封闭件并推压挤压件。
2.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述可使主体前端张开的装置，是至少在一个方向切开的切口部分。
3.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述主体后端的内圆周面形成有安装工具的安装面，安装工具安装面的内侧形成有螺纹部分。
4.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述主体表面沿长度方向形成连续的螺旋筋。
5.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述主体的整个表面形成有多个用于骨融合的孔。
6.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述主体前端的直径比主体后端的直径小。
7.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述挤压件包括：在其前端带有倾斜挤压面的帽形件及挤压面，挤压件通过插入主体前端的内表面形成的受压面而暂时固定。
8.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：穿透封闭件的中部形成有连接紧固件及将骨状物填充进主体的螺纹部分，在封闭件的外圆周面形成有连接主体的螺纹部分。
9.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：在紧固件后部的外圆周面形成有连接封闭件的螺纹部分，在紧固件后部的内圆周面形成有安装工具的安装面，从紧固件的螺纹部分延伸出一圆柱状的长压杆。
10.如权利要求1的脊椎融合移植物，其特征在于：所述挤压件的外圆周面设有连续的螺旋叶片。
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GB0209778D0 (en) 2002-06-05
FR2823972A1 (fr) 2002-10-31
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GB2377387A (en) 2003-01-15
DE10219104A1 (de) 2003-07-03
US20020161444A1 (en) 2002-10-31

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