CN1373127A - 结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱 - Google Patents

结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱 Download PDF

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CN1373127A
CN1373127A CN02105089A CN02105089A CN1373127A CN 1373127 A CN1373127 A CN 1373127A CN 02105089 A CN02105089 A CN 02105089A CN 02105089 A CN02105089 A CN 02105089A CN 1373127 A CN1373127 A CN 1373127A
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L·福乐克乐
A·奥弗特因
O·哈塞尔旺德
U·希德尔
K·克劳默尔
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Abstract

公开了结晶抗坏血酸盐,尤其是不含结晶水的晶体形式的抗坏血酸胆碱,其制备方法及其应用。

Description

结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱
本发明涉及结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱,尤其是不含结晶水的晶体形式的抗坏血酸胆碱,其制备方法及其应用。
胆碱{[(H3C)3N+-CH2-CH2-OH]OH-}是光致甘油酯(photoglyceride)型磷脂的基本组分且广泛分布在植物和动物界中。胆碱在生化方法如甲基化中作为重要的因素起作用。在动物中缺乏胆碱导致形成脂肪肝。
胆碱在用于动脉钙化和肝实质损伤的药物制剂中主要以氯化胆碱或酒石酸氢胆碱的形式使用。在动物营养中,氯化胆碱是重要的饲料添加剂。
有机酸的胆碱盐,例如上述酒石酸氢胆碱或水杨酸胆碱、柠檬酸氢胆碱以及抗坏血酸胆碱尤其描述于EP-A-0 812 821中。
抗坏血酸胆碱的合成是US 2,823,166和CH 490322的主题。然而,这些专利出版物中所公开的制备方法所给出的抗坏血酸胆碱仅能以高度粘稠的油形式分离,其纯度和稳定性并不总是足以用于食品和药物领域。此外,将该油状物用作动物饲料或例如在多种维生素片剂中用作添加剂通常在应用上产生问题。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种稳定和高纯度形式的抗坏血酸胆碱,其不具有现有技术的上述缺点。
我们已经发现该目的可以通过提供结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱,优选不含结晶水的晶体形式的抗坏血酸胆碱而达到。
本发明的晶体使用Cu K-α-辐射进行X-射线衍射分析。
本发明的晶体在2θX-射线粉末衍射图中在3.40-4.70的范围内具有的最强谱线为在d=3.80下的谱线。
此外,本发明的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱在d=3.80下的衍射线与在d=4.55下的衍射线的强度之比至少为0.5,优选至少为0.6,特别优选至少为0.7,且在d=3.80下的衍射线与在d=4.67下的衍射线的强度之比至少为0.4,优选至少为0.5,特别优选至少为0.6。
除了在d=3.80、4.55和4.67下的衍射线外,本发明晶体还在d=3.46、3.78、6.91、8.49和10.29下具有其他谱线。
本发明所要求保护的抗坏血酸胆碱晶体的纯度>98%,优选>99%,特别优选>99.5%。与以油形式存在的抗坏血酸胆碱相反,本发明的晶体仅轻微吸湿。
粒径测量表明20-100%的本发明抗坏血酸胆碱晶体具有的粒径在10-2000μm,优选50-1000μm,特别优选100-800μm,非常特别优选100-600μm的范围内。
为了测量抗坏血酸胆碱晶体的尺寸分布,筛析和激光衍射光谱法都是合适的,后者尤其适于测量细碎颗粒。所得的粒径测量结果是体积分布以及因此还是质量分布。
结晶盐的特征在于将人和动物营养所用的两种重要活性化合物以稳定的高纯度和易于生物利用的形式组合在一个分子内。
本发明还涉及一种通过使抗坏血酸与三甲基胺和环氧乙烷反应制备结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱的方法,包括在-20℃至80℃,优选-10℃至40℃,特别优选0℃至30℃的温度范围内进行反应。
本发明方法进一步包括在水混溶性有机溶剂或水与水混溶性有机溶剂的混合物中进行反应。溶剂中水的比例可以为0-50重量%,优选0-10重量%。
这里的水混溶性溶剂尤其是水混溶的、热稳定的挥发性溶剂,其仅含碳、氢和氧,如醇类、醚类、酯类、酮类和缩醛类。优选所用溶剂为至少10%水混溶的、具有低于200℃的沸点和/或具有低于10个碳原子。特别优选使用甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丁醇、1-丙氧基-2-丙醇、四氢呋喃或丙酮。非常特别优选甲醇和乙醇。
反应物三甲基胺∶抗坏血酸∶环氧乙烷的摩尔比在0.9-1.1∶0.9-1.1∶0.9-2.0的范围内,优选1∶1∶1.5,特别优选1∶1∶1.2。
在本发明方法的特殊实施方案中,将抗坏血酸胆碱在用于反应的上述溶剂之一中结晶。
还可以首先使三甲基胺与环氧乙烷在水混溶性有机溶剂中或在水和水混溶性有机溶剂的混合物中在-20℃至80℃,优选-10℃至40℃,特别优选0℃至30℃的温度下反应,然后通过加入化学计算量的抗坏血酸将该溶液转化为抗坏血酸胆碱并将其结晶出来。
作为另一可能的制备方法,还可以使氯化胆碱与抗坏血酸钠在水混溶性有机溶剂或水与水混溶性有机溶剂的混合物中在-20℃至80℃,优选-10℃至40℃,特别优选0℃至30℃的温度下反应,得到结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱。在该方法中形成的氯化钠在结晶有价值的产品之前被过滤掉。此外,在碱性氯化物选择性离子交换剂存在下可以避免副产物NaCl的形成。
本发明还涉及可以由上述方法之一得到的结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱。
本发明还涉及结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱在制备药物,尤其是用于治疗肝硬化或其他肝病的制剂中的用途。
本发明还涉及结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱在食品、动物饲料中作为添加剂或在食品增补剂中,例如在多种维生素制剂如片剂或明胶胶囊中作为组分的用途。
结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱在药物和食品增补剂如多种维生素片剂二者中的含量可以为1-750mg,优选2-450mg,特别优选5-225mg,非常特别优选10-150mg。
在仅存在抗坏血酸胆碱的片剂中,抗坏血酸胆碱的含量可以为50-1500mg。
本发明的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱、其制备方法及其应用将参照下列实施例进行更详细的说明。
实施例1
将0.2mol抗坏血酸在冷却到0℃下加入0.2mol三甲基胺在甲醇中的溶液(25重量%浓度)中。向该混合物中加入0.2mol环氧乙烷气体,加入方式应使反应温度不超过0-5℃。反应完成后,用氮气冲洗反应器并在0-5℃的温度下进一步搅拌。形成的抗坏血酸胆碱从反应混合物中结晶出来,过滤,用甲醇洗涤并在甲醇中重结晶以进一步提纯。以80%的产率得到无色晶体,熔点为123.5-124.4℃。使用元素分析、13C-NMR光谱法和单晶结构分析表征证实晶体为抗坏血酸胆碱(无水)。
图1示出了按照实施例1制备的结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱的X-射线粉末衍射图(使用Siemens衍射仪D5000测量,反射测量)。
实施例2
将0.3mol抗坏血酸在冷却到0℃下加入0.3mol三甲基胺在甲醇中的溶液(25重量%浓度)中。向该混合物中加入0.45mol环氧乙烷气体,加入方式应使反应温度不超过0-5℃。反应完成后,用氮气冲洗反应器并在0-5℃的温度下进一步搅拌。形成的抗坏血酸胆碱从反应混合物中结晶出来,过滤,用甲醇洗涤并在甲醇中重结晶以进一步提纯。以85%的产率得到无色晶体,熔点为123.5-124.4℃。
实施例3
将0.2mol抗坏血酸和6重量%水在冷却到0℃下加入到0.2mol三甲基胺在甲醇中的溶液(25重量%浓度)中。向该混合物中加入0.2mol环氧乙烷气体,加入方式应使得反应温度不超过0-5℃。反应完成后,用氮气冲洗反应器并在0-5℃的温度下进一步搅拌。形成的抗坏血酸胆碱从反应混合物中结晶出来,过滤,用甲醇洗涤并在甲醇中重结晶以进一步提纯。得到熔点为124℃的无色晶体。
实施例4
下列组成的多种维生素片剂:β-胡萝卜素    5mg维生素E        10mg维生素C        60mg维生素D        1.2mcg硫胺素            1.4mg核黄素            1.6mg维生素B6盐酸盐   2.2mg维生素B12        1mcg烟酸              18mg泛酸              6mg叶酸              200mcg生物素            150mcg抗坏血酸胆碱*    1.2mg镁                100mg锌                15mg锰                2.5mg硒                62mcg*按照实施例1制备
实施例5
下列组成的多种维生素片剂:β-胡萝卜素       5mg维生素E           10mg维生素D           1.2mcg硫胺素            1.4mg核黄素            1.6mg维生素B6盐酸盐   2.2mg维生素B12        1mcg烟酸              18mg泛酸              6mg叶酸              200mcg生物素            150mcg抗坏血酸胆碱*   150mg镁               100mg锌               15mg锰               2.5mg硒               62mcg*按照实施例1制备
实施例6
下列组成的多种维生素片剂:维生素C          500mg硫胺素           100mg核黄素           100mg烟酸             100mg维生素B6        100mg维生素B12       500mcg泛酸             100mg叶酸             400mcg生物素           50mcg抗坏血酸胆碱*   500mg*按照实施例1制备

Claims (11)

1.一种结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱。
2.一种如权利要求1所要求的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱,呈不含结晶水的晶体形式。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所要求的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱,其中在2θX-射线粉末衍射图中在3.40-4.70范围内在d=3.80和4.55下的衍射线最强。
4.一种如权利要求3所要求的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱,其中在d=3.80和d=4.55下的衍射线的强度之比至少为0.5。
5.一种如权利要求3所要求的结晶抗坏血酸胆碱,其中在d=3.80和d=4.67下的衍射线的强度之比至少为0.4。
6.一种通过使抗坏血酸与三甲基胺和环氧乙烷反应制备结晶抗坏血酸胆碱的方法,包括在-10℃至40℃的温度范围内进行反应。
7.一种如权利要求6所要求的方法,其中反应在水混溶性有机溶剂中进行。
8.一种如权利要求7所要求的方法,其中抗坏血酸胆碱在用于反应的溶剂中结晶。
9.一种可以由权利要求6-8中之一所定义的方法得到的抗坏血酸胆碱。
10.根据权利要求1或9所定义的抗坏血酸胆碱在生产药物中的用途。
11.根据权利要求1或9所定义的抗坏血酸胆碱在食品、动物饲料中作为添加剂或在食品增补剂中作为组分的用途。
CNB021050899A 2001-02-23 2002-02-20 结晶的抗坏血酸胆碱 Expired - Fee Related CN1228335C (zh)

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CN101801947B (zh) * 2007-08-22 2012-11-21 株式会社成和化成 抗坏血酸衍生物或其盐,其制备方法,和化妆品
CN103086896A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2013-05-08 山东潍坊润丰化工有限公司 一种制备2,4-d胆碱的方法
CN107427441A (zh) * 2015-03-31 2017-12-01 太田孝则 抗坏血酸分散剂及其制造方法
CN106397082A (zh) * 2016-09-18 2017-02-15 河南工业大学 一种基于抗坏血酸的低共熔溶剂及其制备方法和应用

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CN1228335C (zh) 2005-11-23
US7320803B2 (en) 2008-01-22
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ATE356110T1 (de) 2007-03-15
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