CN1369129A - 用于动力工具的马达组件 - Google Patents

用于动力工具的马达组件 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1369129A
CN1369129A CN00811282A CN00811282A CN1369129A CN 1369129 A CN1369129 A CN 1369129A CN 00811282 A CN00811282 A CN 00811282A CN 00811282 A CN00811282 A CN 00811282A CN 1369129 A CN1369129 A CN 1369129A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
commutator
motor
titanium
graphite material
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN00811282A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1183648C (zh
Inventor
H·T·杜
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Black and Decker Inc
Original Assignee
Black and Decker Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Black and Decker Inc filed Critical Black and Decker Inc
Publication of CN1369129A publication Critical patent/CN1369129A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1183648C publication Critical patent/CN1183648C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/006—Structural associations of commutators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
    • C04B35/5611—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on titanium carbides
    • C04B35/5615—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on titanium carbides based on titanium silicon carbides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/022—Details for dynamo electric machines characterised by the materials used, e.g. ceramics
    • H01R39/025—Conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
    • H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/167—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using sliding-contact or spherical cap bearings
    • H02K5/1672—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using sliding-contact or spherical cap bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
    • C04B2235/404—Refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/422—Carbon
    • C04B2235/425—Graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/428—Silicon

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)

Abstract

一种动力工具,其具有一带有定子组件的电动马达和一可在该定子组件内旋转的电枢。换向器(50)可与该电枢一起旋转并通过一轴(42)与该电枢连接。该换向器(50)具有一由钛石墨材料形成的外层(53)。刷(62和64)与该换向器(50)相关联并保持在一端板上。该刷(62和64)由一钛石墨材料形成。

Description

用于动力工具的马达组件 与相关申请的相互参照
本申请是1999年4月16日提交的题目为MOTOR ASSEMBLY FORPOWER TOOLS的美国申请系列No.09/293,242的部分继续申请，该说明书和附图清楚地结合于此作为参考。
技术背景和发明内容
本发明涉及动力工具，更具体地说，涉及应用于动力工具中的小型直流电动马达，该马达带有由钛石墨材料形成的换向器和刷。
动力工具由专业工匠以及周末自己做工的人来使用。所有的动力工具应用为该工具提供所需输出的电动马达。通常，电动马达在刷和换向器需要维护、更换或修理之前具有大约一百五十(150)小时的预期寿命。
目前用于电动马达中的刷由铜石墨材料形成。按重量来说，这些刷通常包括百分之三十到四十(30-40％)的铜，并能满足它们计划的目的。同样，铜的换向器是每吨铜中带有10-25盎司银的无氧高导电的铜，以便提供合理的马达寿命。通常，换向器设计成使得它在磨损和需要更换之前将承受住两组刷。在这些换向器满足它们计划的目的工作时，设计者还在努力改善刷和换向器两者的耐磨寿命。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有延长的寿命的电动马达。动力工具内的电动马达为本技术领域提供了由钛石墨材料制造而成的刷以及换向器。优选地，该钛石墨材料是钛硅石墨，该钛硅石墨在保持长的使用寿命和突出的电学性能时提供了自润滑效果。
根据本发明的第一方面，直流电动马达包括一定子组件和一可在该定子组件内旋转的电枢。换向器可与该电枢一起旋转并通过一轴与该电枢连接。该换向器具有一由钛石墨材料形成的外表面层。刷与该换向器相关联。刷保持在一端板中。这些刷同样由一钛石墨材料形成。该钛石墨材料包括钛、硅和石墨。优选地，该材料是Ti3SiC2。通常，该钛石墨材料是自润滑的。
根据本发明的第二实施例，动力工具设置有一种电动马达。该电动马达包括一定子组件和一可在该定子组件内旋转的电枢。换向器可与该电枢一起旋转并通过一轴与该电枢连接。该换向器具有一由钛石墨材料形成的外表面层。刷与该换向器相关联并由一端板保持。这些刷也由一钛石墨材料形成。该钛石墨材料包括钛、硅和石墨。优选材料是Ti3SiC2。该钛石墨材料优选是自润滑的。
本发明的附加目的和优点将从优选实施例和附带的权利要求以及附图的详细描述中变得明显，或者可以通过实施本发明来认识到。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的动力工具的剖视图；
图2是位于圆圈II内的图1的放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，用参考标记10来表示和指定根据本发明的动力工具。该动力工具被表示为一种钻机；然而应用电动马达的任何类型的动力工具都可以使用本发明的马达，该动力工具例如为螺丝起子、打磨器、旋转工具、修剪工具、锯等。动力工具10包括围绕着马达14的壳体12。致动部件16与马达14以及动力源18联接。动力源18可以是电池(直流电流)，或者动力工具可以如图所示的具有电源线(交流电流)。马达14还与输出装置20联接，该输出装置20可以包括卡盘22和传动装置24以保持一工具(未示出)。
马达14包括定子组件30，该定子组件包括壳体32和磁体34及36。电枢40包括轴42、带有板46和绕组48的转子44以及联接在轴42上的换向器50。马达还包括端板52和54。端板52包括支承件56，该支承件使轴58的一端在与动力输出器60联接的轴上保持平衡。
端盖54包括与换向器50相关联的刷62和64。端盖54包括一整体的支承壳体70。支承壳体70限定了总体的圆柱形空腔74。该空腔包括阶形肩部76。支承壳体70装纳有支承件80。
换向器50包括第一环形部件51、外环形部件53和多个与绕组48联接的接触部55。第一环形部件51通常是不导电的材料，例如酚类绝缘体，它压配合在轴42上。形成环51的酚类材料模制在第二环形环53的内部。环形部件51的端部是经机械修整的。第二环形部件53是一种钛石墨材料，它通过酚类环51与换向器轴绝缘。钛石墨材料包括钛、硅和石墨。优选材料是Ti3SiC2。这种材料具有优越的抗压强度和导电性。钛石墨材料比现有技术中的铜更加耐久，并且显著提高了耐磨性。
刷62和64同样由钛石墨材料制造而成。在钛石墨材料中硅和石墨的应用提供了一种显现出自润滑性的材料。因此，刷和换向器在换向器与刷62和64接触的旋转过程中得到润滑。通过提高强度特性，刷和换向器不会磨损得像现有技术的铜和石墨那样快，并因此提供了显著的耐磨性，提高了马达的总体耐久性和耐磨时间。
刷62和64以及第二环形部件53可以通过压制粉末操作由钛、碳和硅碳粉末的混合物形成。它们可以模制成所需的形状，从而它们可以应用于上述的马达中。钛石墨材料在提高马达的耐磨性的同时提供了优越的电学性能和热学性能。这又提高了马达在刷和换向器需要更换或修理之前的预期寿命。
支承件80具有中心孔82，该中心孔82的尺寸使电枢轴42平衡。中心孔82在其端部中的一个处具有扩大的直径部分84。肩部86形成在两个孔部分的连接处。支承件80具有由一对同心的圆柱部90、92限定的外表面88。该圆柱部构造成配装在支承壳体70内部并具有贴靠着该壳体70的肩部76的肩部94。
保持件100压配合在轴42上。该保持件100是由包括所需的润滑性能的压制金属材料形成的环形部件。该保持件100配装在支承件80的扩大的孔部分84内。因此，保持件100和支承件80与轴42的端部102平齐。保持件100座放在支承肩部86上以提供支承件80的对准。还有，保持件100提供了用于换向器50以及转子44的对准。通过将保持件100定位成与轴42的端部102平齐并与支承件80平齐，换向器50以及转子44可以相对于轴42和定子组件30容易地对准。因此，这使这些部分的装配以及放置在马达内变得容易。还有，由于换向器50和转子44在定子组件30内的改善的定位，保持件100使轴42在定子30中的轴向运动最小。
虽然以上的详细说明描述了本发明的优选实施例，但是本发明容许修改、变型和替换方案，而不会背离附加的权利要求的范围和完全含义。

Claims (8)

1.一种直流电动马达，其包括：
一定子组件；
一可在所述定子组件内旋转的电枢；
一可与所述电枢一起旋转并通过一轴与所述电枢连接的换向器，所述换向器具有一由钛石墨材料形成的外表面层；以及
与所述换向器相关联的刷，所述刷保持在一端板上，并且所述刷由一钛石墨材料形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的马达，其特征在于，该钛石墨材料包括钛、硅和石墨。
3.如权利要求2所述的马达，其特征在于，所述钛石墨材料是Ti3SiC2。
4.如权利要求1所述的马达，其特征在于，所述钛石墨材料是自润滑的。
5.一种动力工具，其包括：
一壳体；
一定子组件；
一可在所述定子组件内旋转的电枢；
一可与所述电枢一起旋转并通过一轴与所述电枢连接的换向器，所述换向器具有一由钛石墨材料形成的外表面层；以及
与所述换向器相关联的刷，所述刷保持在一端板上，并且所述刷由一钛石墨材料形成。
6.如权利要求5所述的马达，其特征在于，该钛石墨材料包括钛、硅和石墨。
7.如权利要求6所述的马达，其特征在于，所述钛石墨材料是Ti3SiC2。
8.如权利要求5所述的马达，其特征在于，所述钛石墨材料是自润滑的。
CNB008112827A 1999-08-04 2000-04-12 动力工具及其马达组件 Expired - Fee Related CN1183648C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/366,909 US6081060A (en) 1999-04-16 1999-08-04 Motor assembly for power tools
US09/366909 1999-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1369129A true CN1369129A (zh) 2002-09-11
CN1183648C CN1183648C (zh) 2005-01-05

Family

ID=23445107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB008112827A Expired - Fee Related CN1183648C (zh) 1999-08-04 2000-04-12 动力工具及其马达组件

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6081060A (zh)
EP (1) EP1201020B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3857586B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1183648C (zh)
AT (1) ATE418527T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU4644200A (zh)
DE (1) DE60041195D1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2001011757A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110323902A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-11 株式会社电装 起动器和换向器的表面上的石墨覆盖层的形成

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8242659B2 (en) * 2007-05-07 2012-08-14 Panasonic Corporation Mold commutator and commutator motor using the same
JP2020171091A (ja) * 2019-04-01 2020-10-15 株式会社デンソー 直流モータ

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1286033A (fr) * 1961-01-19 1962-03-02 Lorraine Carbone Perfectionnement aux balais électriques
JPS62115682A (ja) * 1985-08-27 1987-05-27 インタ−カル　カンパニ− インタ−カレ−トされた黒鉛を含有する電動機ブラシ等の電気接触子
US5304417A (en) * 1989-06-02 1994-04-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture
US5855955A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-01-05 Lanxide Technology Company L.P. Method for making self-supporting composite bodies
DE19524708C2 (de) * 1995-07-10 2000-01-05 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Stromabnehmer für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug
JP3536484B2 (ja) * 1995-11-17 2004-06-07 株式会社デンソー 発電機
US5882561A (en) * 1996-11-22 1999-03-16 Drexel University Process for making a dense ceramic workpiece
JPH1182492A (ja) * 1997-09-05 1999-03-26 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd 通電軸受
SE520416C2 (sv) * 1997-11-18 2003-07-08 Flygt Ab Itt Pumphjul

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110323902A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-11 株式会社电装 起动器和换向器的表面上的石墨覆盖层的形成
CN110323902B (zh) * 2018-03-28 2022-08-19 株式会社电装 起动器和换向器的表面上的石墨覆盖层的形成

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1183648C (zh) 2005-01-05
EP1201020B1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP1201020A4 (en) 2004-06-02
AU4644200A (en) 2001-03-05
JP2003527810A (ja) 2003-09-16
EP1201020A1 (en) 2002-05-02
WO2001011757A1 (en) 2001-02-15
DE60041195D1 (de) 2009-02-05
ATE418527T1 (de) 2009-01-15
US6081060A (en) 2000-06-27
JP3857586B2 (ja) 2006-12-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69619473T2 (de) Wechselstromgenerator
CN207124356U (zh) 电路连接接头及其抗振性导电滑环
EP0935318A3 (en) Brush assembly
US8415911B2 (en) Power tool with a DC brush motor and with a second power source
CN102742085A (zh) 电气轴承接地装置
CN1183648C (zh) 动力工具及其马达组件
EP1133028B1 (de) Schleifring-Anordnung bei elektrischen Motoren und Generatoren
CN101297462A (zh) 电动机的碳刷及碳刷的制造方法
EP1524737A1 (en) Rotary current-collecting device and rotating anode x-ray tube
JP3711174B2 (ja) 焼結した銅黒鉛複合材料製の交流発電機の継ぎ環と円筒形の整流子
US3447011A (en) Armature construction for double-insulated tool
CN100399645C (zh) 具有非线性弹簧装置的刷式小电机
DE10313372B4 (de) Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine der Schutzklasse II mit Planetengetriebe
US6707198B1 (en) Armature shaft retainer
CN105529587B (zh) 电机及其传导电流装置
CN210738736U (zh) 永磁风力发电机
US20040260004A1 (en) Resin-bonded graphite material, method for the production of a resin bonded graphite material and use thereof
CN2560779Y (zh) 马达轴承装置
CN2141941Y (zh) 石墨-铜石墨复合材料电刷
CN2567376Y (zh) 马达轴承装置
CN201105324Y (zh) 一种电主轴
CN102812625A (zh) 手持电动工具
WO2004042199A3 (de) Strömungsmaschine
CN2184507Y (zh) 耐磨型焊枪导电嘴
CN2548353Y (zh) 潜油电机径向扶正器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20050105

Termination date: 20110412