CN1346930A - 带有气缸体曲轴箱排气系统的内燃机 - Google Patents

带有气缸体曲轴箱排气系统的内燃机 Download PDF

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CN1346930A
CN1346930A CN 01108887 CN01108887A CN1346930A CN 1346930 A CN1346930 A CN 1346930A CN 01108887 CN01108887 CN 01108887 CN 01108887 A CN01108887 A CN 01108887A CN 1346930 A CN1346930 A CN 1346930A
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cylinder body
internal
combustion engine
oil separator
cylinder block
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CN1258641C (zh
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H·本尼克
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Volkswagen AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/0011Breather valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/028Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of positive pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/0011Breather valves
    • F01M2013/0022Breather valves electromagnetic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/0044Layout of crankcase breathing systems with one or more valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0055Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers with a by-pass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0061Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers
    • F01M2013/0072Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers in series
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有一个气缸体曲轴箱(10)和一个气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)的内燃机,该排气系统具有一个油分离器(22),气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)通过该油分离器把气缸体曲轴箱气体输入内燃机新鲜空气吸入管路(12)中。其中,在油分离器(22)的上游设置了一个装置(28)来引导气缸体曲轴箱气体通过油分离器(22)到油分离器(22)下游的气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)的一部分。

Description

带有气缸体曲轴箱排气系统的内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1前序部分所述的内燃机,它带有一个气缸体曲轴箱和一个气缸体曲轴箱排气系统,该排气系统具有一个油分离器,这个气缸体曲轴箱排气系统通过该油分离器把气缸体曲轴箱气体输入内燃机的新鲜空气吸入管路中。
背景技术
从内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱中既不容许气体又不容许油雾直接排放到周围环境中。气缸体曲轴箱中存在的气体例如是由在气缸工作壁和活塞之间出现的所谓渗漏的油蒸汽产生的。这种气体带有碳氢化合物,因而严格禁止直接排放。所以例如从《专业汽车技术》(欧洲教材出版社1994年第25版第234页)中已知一种气缸体曲轴箱排气系统,该系统从曲轴箱中排出相应的流体并将其供入内燃机的燃烧过程。为此,从气缸体曲轴箱中排出的气体输入节气门附近的内燃机新鲜空气吸气管路中并由新鲜空气带入内燃机的气缸中。此外,在输入内燃机吸气管道之前,把从气缸体曲轴箱排出的气体中的可能的油成分用相应的油分离器进行分离并通过一根回油管路重新送回气缸体曲轴箱。在气缸曲轴箱中不建立相对于周围环境的过压力也是特别重要的,否则存在着曲轴环排放的危险。
为了从气缸体曲轴箱气体中细分离油雾,通过油分离器产生尽可能小的压力降,以便在少量渗漏气体的情况下,保证细分离的功能。在大量渗漏气体时,例如在环颤动运行中产生大量渗漏气体时,也就是说活塞环由于颤动式的运动而降低密封能力时,油分离器的压缩阻力当然会显著增加。这时就存在这样的危险,即在气缸体曲轴箱中产生一个相对于周围环境的过压力。油分离器可分离气缸体曲轴箱气体中的油雾越细,这个压缩阻力就越高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,进一步改进上述那种内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的排气系统,一方面在大的运行范围内达到从气体中很好地分离出其中的油雾,同时在全部运行阶段有效地避免在气缸体曲轴箱中产生相对于周围环境的不希望的过压力。
根据本发明,这个目的是根据具有权利要求1所述特征的那种内燃机来实现的。本发明的一些有利设计方案可从各项从属 得知。
根据本发明,在油分离器的上游设置了一个装置来把气缸体曲轴箱气体引导通过油分离器而到达油分离器下游的气缸体曲轴箱排气系统的一部分。
这样做的优点是:一方面可从气缸体曲轴箱气体中很好滤出油雾,另一方面在全部运行阶段即特别是在大量渗漏气体时也可避免在气缸体曲轴箱中产生相对于周围环境的不希望的过压力。
油分离器作为旋风式分离器构成时可从气缸体曲轴箱气体中特别好地分离油。
用来引导气缸体曲轴箱气体的装置最好设计成使它在超过预定压力和/或超过预定量的渗漏气体时,可把气缸体曲轴箱气体引导通过油分离器。
内燃机的发动机控制器与引导气缸体曲轴箱气体的该装置连接,以便控制气缸体曲轴箱气体旁路的打开或关闭。
在一个优选的结构型式中,引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置包括一个压力调节阀。
具体实施方式
本发明的其他特征、优点和有利结构可从各项从属权利要求中以及从本发明结合附图的下列说明中得知。唯一的一幅附图表示本发明内燃机的一个优选结构型式的示意图。
图1中所示的本发明内燃机的优选结构型式包括一个气缸体曲轴箱10、一条带有一个空气滤清器14和一个节气门16的吸气管路12以及一个带有一个粗分离器20、一个旋风分离器22和一个气缸体曲轴箱排气阀24的气缸体曲轴箱排气系统18。此外,示意示出了一条通风管路26。分离出的油的一根回油管路27从粗分离器20和旋风分离器22回到气缸体曲轴箱10中。
在旋风分离器22的上游,在该旋风分离器和粗分离器20之间设置了一个装置28来引导气缸体曲轴箱气体通过旋风分离器22到该旋风分离器下游的气缸体曲轴箱排气系统的一部分。该装置28包括流体第一通道30和流体第二通道34,该流体第一通道在粗分离器20和旋风分离器22之间与该装置28的流体主通道32连接,而该流体第二通道则在下游在该旋风分离器后面重新流入流体主通道32中。在流体第一通道30和流体第二通道34之间设置了一个压力调节阀36。流体第三通道38从气缸体曲轴箱排气阀24引到吸气管路12,排出的气缸体曲轴箱气体输入节气门16下游的吸气管路12中。
在正常运行阶段,即在一般的渗漏气体量时,压力调节阀36是关闭的,全部气缸体曲轴箱气体流经旋风分离器22,该分离器优质地从气缸体曲轴箱气体中分离出油雾。但一旦渗漏气体过量,例如由于活塞环颤动所致,旋风分离器36前面的压力上升,压力调节阀36打开该装置28,于是该装置对旋风分离器起旁路作用,气缸体曲轴箱气体在粗分离器20后通过旋风分离器22直接引到气缸体曲轴箱排气阀24。从而有效地避免了在旋风分离器22之前和由此在气缸体曲轴箱10中产生过压力。虽然在全部其他运行阶段中主要保持少量的渗漏气体,但用旋风分离器22保证了从气缸体曲轴箱气体中足够地分离出油。后者通常只需很短的时间。
压力调节阀36或是作为独立工作的过压阀,或是作为控制阀构成。在第二种情况中,如附图所示,压力调节阀36例如由发动机控制器40根据内燃机的相应运行阶段进行动作。例如当发动机控制器40识别出一个带有增加了渗漏气体量的内燃机运行状态时,它就全部或部分地打开该阀36,从而避免在气缸体曲轴箱10中形成过压力。

Claims (7)

1.带有一个气缸体曲轴箱(10)和一个气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)的内燃机,该排气系统具有一个油分离器(22),气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)通过该油分离器把气缸体曲轴箱气体输入内燃机新鲜空气吸入管路(12)中,其特征为,在油分离器(22)的上游设置了一个装置(28)来引导气缸体曲轴箱气体通过油分离器(22)到油分离器(22)下游的气缸体曲轴箱排气系统(18)的一部分。
2.按权利要求1的内燃机,其特征为,油分离器(22)设计为旋风分离器。
3.按权利要求1或2的内燃机,其特征为,引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置(28)设计成这样,即该装置可在超过预定压力时引导气缸体曲轴箱气体通过油分离器(22)。
4.按权利要求1或2的内燃机,其特征为,内燃机的发动机控制器(40)与引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置(28)连接。
5.按前述权利要求至少一项的内燃机,其特征为,引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置(28)设计成这样,即该装置可在超过一定的渗漏器气体量时引导气缸体曲轴箱气体通过油分离器(22)。
6.按前述权利要求至少一项的内燃机,其特征为,引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置(28)包括一个压力调节阀(36)。
7.按前述权利要求至少一项的内燃机,其特征为,一个粗分离器(20)布置在引导气缸体曲轴箱气体用的装置(28)的上游。
CN 01108887 2000-10-06 2001-10-08 带有气缸体曲轴箱及其排气系统的内燃机 Expired - Fee Related CN1258641C (zh)

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DE10049429.3 2000-10-06
DE10049429.3A DE10049429B4 (de) 2000-10-06 2000-10-06 Brennkraftmaschine mit Zylinderkurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106062328A (zh) * 2014-02-21 2016-10-26 沃尔沃卡车集团 用于从曲轴箱中移除所泄漏的曲轴箱流体的方法和曲轴箱通风系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20118388U1 (de) 2001-11-13 2003-03-27 Hengst GmbH & Co.KG, 48147 Münster Einrichtung für die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE10247934A1 (de) * 2002-10-15 2004-04-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung
DE102005059668A1 (de) 2005-12-12 2007-06-14 Mahle International Gmbh Brennkraftmaschine
DE102007063423A1 (de) 2007-12-18 2009-06-25 Volkswagen Ag Ent- und Belüftungseinrichtung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses einer Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine

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US4269607A (en) * 1977-11-07 1981-05-26 Walker Robert A Air-oil separator and method of separation
DE19604708A1 (de) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-05 Knecht Filterwerke Gmbh Zyklonabscheider für die Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung eines Verbrennungsmotors mit einem Entlüftungsventil
US5669366A (en) * 1996-07-10 1997-09-23 Fleetguard, Inc. Closed crankcase ventilation system
DE19734001A1 (de) * 1997-08-06 1999-02-11 Opel Adam Ag Kurbelgehäuse-Entlüftung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106062328A (zh) * 2014-02-21 2016-10-26 沃尔沃卡车集团 用于从曲轴箱中移除所泄漏的曲轴箱流体的方法和曲轴箱通风系统
CN106062328B (zh) * 2014-02-21 2019-06-04 沃尔沃卡车集团 用于从曲轴箱中移除所泄漏的曲轴箱流体的方法和曲轴箱通风系统

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DE10049429B4 (de) 2015-11-12
FR2815084A1 (fr) 2002-04-12
FR2815084B1 (fr) 2003-07-04
CN1258641C (zh) 2006-06-07
DE10049429A1 (de) 2002-04-11

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