CN1337083A - 直流一直流转换器 - Google Patents

直流一直流转换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1337083A
CN1337083A CN00802627A CN00802627A CN1337083A CN 1337083 A CN1337083 A CN 1337083A CN 00802627 A CN00802627 A CN 00802627A CN 00802627 A CN00802627 A CN 00802627A CN 1337083 A CN1337083 A CN 1337083A
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Prior art keywords
impedance
converter
switching branches
signal
switching
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CN00802627A
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J·H·维塞尔斯
W·H·M·兰格斯拉格
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Publication of CN1337083A publication Critical patent/CN1337083A/zh
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

在一种上变频器中包括两个并联的开关元件,通过这些开关元件的总电流由包括四个欧姆电阻的电流传感器测量,而且所述总电流是受控的以使其处于恒定的水平。在电流传感器和开关元件中的功率消耗可以保持在低的水平。

Description

直流-直流转换器
本发明涉及一种直流-直流转换器,包括:
-输入端子,用于将该转换器连接到电压电源上,
-一个第一支路,与输入端子中的一个相连接,包括一个电感元件和一个单向元件的串联电路,
-开关装置,包括至少两个开关元件,每一个开关元件形成部分开关支路,该开关支路包括开关元件和一个阻抗的串联电路,所述的开关支路以其第一端点与电感元件和单向元件之间的一点相连接,以其第二端点与输入端子中的一个相连接,
-一个控制电路,与开关元件的控制电极相连接,用于使该开关装置变得轮流地导通和不导通,
-一个电流传感器,其配有与控制电路相连接的输出端,该传感器用于产生信号,该信号在工作期间出现在输出端上,且该信号是通过开关装置的电流的一个度量。
这种直流-直流转换器公开在美国专利4,291,259中。在该公知的直流-直流转换器中,开关支路的阻抗由欧姆电阻形成。开关支路中的欧姆电阻的阻抗值是这样的,当开关元件在导通状态时,在每一个开关支路中的电流是由开关支路中的欧姆电阻的阻抗值决定的。结果,在不同的开关支路中的电流之间有一个简单的关系。这使得通过控制开关支路中的电流来控制通过开关装置的总电流变得可能。电流传感器是由开关支路中的电阻中的一个形成的,跨在电阻上的电压形成的信号是通过开关装置的电流的度量。结果,控制电路依据与开关元件中的一个以串联方式连接的欧姆电阻上的电压来控制所有的开关元件的导通状态。该公知的直流-直流转换器的优点是电流传感器是以非常简单的方式构造的。然而,公知的直流-直流转换器的缺点是开关支路中的欧姆电阻有比较高的阻抗值,在工作期间这些欧姆电阻会引起比较高的功率损耗。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种直流-直流转换器,其中通过开关装置的电流是受控的,并且,其中在工作期间,出现在开关支路中的功率损耗比较小。
为了达到这个目的,根据本发明,如开头部分所描述的直流-直流转换器的特征在于,开关支路中的每一个阻抗通过信号支路连接到电流传感器的输出端,并且电流传感器包括开关支路和信号支路中的阻抗。
由于开关支路中的每个阻抗是通过信号支路连接到电流传感器的输出端上的,电流传感器的输出端的信号是通过开关装置的总电流的度量,而不仅是开关支路中的电流的度量。由于已测得通过开关装置的总电流,在不同的开关支路中的电流之间的简单关系就不是必要的了。由于这个原因,开关支路中的阻抗的阻抗值可以选择得比较低,并且,工作期间,仅有比较小的功率损耗出现在这些阻抗中。当开关支路中的阻抗的阻抗值减小时,以及信号支路中的阻抗增加时,该功率损耗减小。
根据本发明,在一个比较简单的以及因而便宜的直流-直流转换器的实施例中,开关支路中的阻抗是由欧姆电阻形成的。
已发现为信号支路的每一个提供一个欧姆电阻是有利的。结果,直流-直流转换器中的功率损耗进一步减小了。
通过参照下面描述的实施例的阐述,本发明的这些和其它特征将会变得明显。
在附图中,
图1图示了根据本发明的直流-直流转换器的一个实例。
在图1中,K1和K2是输入端子,用于将该转换器连接到电压电源上。输入端子K1连接到线圈L1和二极管D1的串联电路的第一端上,该串联电路形成了这个实例的第一支路。线圈L1形成了一个电感元件,而二极管D1形成了一个单向元件。第一开关支路是由开关元件M1和欧姆电阻R2的串联电路形成的,该支路将线圈L1和二极管D1之间的一点连接到输入端子K2上。欧姆电阻R2形成了一个阻抗,该阻抗形成了第一开关支路的部分。第二开关支路是由开关元件M2和欧姆电阻R3的串联电路形成的,该支路也将线圈L1和二极管D1之间的一点连接到输入端子K2上。欧姆电阻R3形成了一个阻抗,该阻抗形成了第二开关支路的部分。在这个实例中,开关元件M1和M2合起来形成开关装置。开关元件M1和欧姆电阻R2的公共点通过欧姆电阻R4和欧姆电阻R5的串联电路连接到开关元件M2和欧姆电阻R3的公共点。欧姆电阻R2、R3、R4和R5合起来形成的电流传感器用于产生作为通过该开关装置的电流的度量的信号,电流传感器的输出端是由欧姆电阻R4和R5的公共点形成的。电流传感器的输出端连接到电路部件SC的输入端,在这个实例中,该电路部件SC形成一个控制电路用于使开关装置轮流地导通和不导通。为了这个目的,电路部件SC的第一输出端连接到开关元件M1的一个控制电极上,而电路部件SC的第二输出端连接到开关元件M2的一个控制电极上。第一支路的第二端点连接到该直流-直流转换器的第一输出端子K3上。第二输出端子是由输入端子K2形成的。输出端子K3和K2通过电容器C1相互连接起来,该电容器C1起着缓冲电容器的作用。欧姆电阻R1也将两输出端子相互连接起来,并且是由该直流-直流转换器馈给的负载的示意性表示。
图1所示的实例的工作将在下面描述。
如果输入端子K1和K2连接到提供DC电压的电压电源的电极上,那么通过电路部件SC使开关元件M1和M2同时变得轮流地导通和不导通。结果,在线圈L1中产生了DC电流,当开关元件处于非导通时,该电流对电容器C1充电。电流传感器的输出端上出现一个电压,该电压是通过该开关装置的总电流的度量,或者换句话说,是第一开关支路和第二开关支路中的电流的和。通过利用信号的占空度,电路部件SC使开关元件变得导通和不导通,通过开关装置的总电流由电路部件SC控制以使其处于需要的水平。如果电阻R2和R3的阻抗选择得非常低,这个电流控制也起作用。图1所示的直流-直流转换器的实际的实施例已得到了好的结果,其中,R2和R3使用了1欧姆的电阻,R4和R5使用了1K欧姆的电阻。

Claims (3)

1.一种直流-直流转换器,包括
-输入端子,用于将该转换器连接到电压电源上,
-一个第一支路,与输入端子中的一个相连接,包括一个电感元件和一个单向元件的串联电路,
-开关装置,包括至少两个开关元件,每一个开关元件形成部分开关支路,该开关支路包括该开关元件和一个阻抗的串联电路,所述的开关支路以其第一端与该电感元件和单向元件之间的的一点相连接,以其第二端与输入端子中的一个相连接,
-一个控制电路,与该开关元件的控制电极相连接,用于使该开关装置变得轮流地导通和不导通,
-一个电流传感器,其配有与该控制电路相连接的输出端,该传感器用于产生信号,该信号在工作期间出现在该输出端上,且该信号是通过该开关装置的电流的一个度量,
其特征在于该开关支路中的阻抗的每一个通过一个信号支路连接到该电流传感器的输出端上,并且,该电流传感器包括在该开关支路和信号支路中的阻抗。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种直流-直流转换器,其特征在于,该开关支路中的阻抗是由欧姆电阻形成的。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种直流-直流转换器,其特征在于每一个信号支路包括一个欧姆电阻。
CN00802627A 1999-11-09 2000-10-16 直流一直流转换器 Pending CN1337083A (zh)

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EP99203743 1999-11-09
EP99203743.2 1999-11-09

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US (1) US6285171B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1145414A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2003514495A (zh)
CN (1) CN1337083A (zh)
WO (1) WO2001035519A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

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CN100417006C (zh) * 2003-02-07 2008-09-03 通力股份公司 用于控制直流负载的dc/dc桥
CN100454732C (zh) * 2006-05-23 2009-01-21 广州电器科学研究院 高精度大功率恒流源及其实现方法
CN101529708B (zh) * 2006-10-24 2013-01-02 艾利森电话股份有限公司 微波传输线直流/直流变换器

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JP5569406B2 (ja) * 2011-01-18 2014-08-13 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機

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CN100454732C (zh) * 2006-05-23 2009-01-21 广州电器科学研究院 高精度大功率恒流源及其实现方法
CN101529708B (zh) * 2006-10-24 2013-01-02 艾利森电话股份有限公司 微波传输线直流/直流变换器

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WO2001035519A1 (en) 2001-05-17
JP2003514495A (ja) 2003-04-15
US6285171B1 (en) 2001-09-04

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