CN1333127A - 抗冲击夹层结构元件 - Google Patents
抗冲击夹层结构元件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1333127A CN1333127A CN01124811A CN01124811A CN1333127A CN 1333127 A CN1333127 A CN 1333127A CN 01124811 A CN01124811 A CN 01124811A CN 01124811 A CN01124811 A CN 01124811A CN 1333127 A CN1333127 A CN 1333127A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- polyurethane
- acid
- preferred
- solid thermal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 40
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Substances OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- -1 ammonia ester Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(benzenesulfonamido)ethylsulfanyl]-2,6-difluorophenoxy]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OCC(=O)N)=C(F)C=C1SCCNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GTACSIONMHMRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 101710130081 Aspergillopepsin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102100031007 Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase Human genes 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical group NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGXVKAPCSIXGAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethyl-6-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine;4,6-diethyl-2-methylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCC1=CC(CC)=C(N)C(C)=C1N.CCC1=CC(C)=C(N)C(CC)=C1N HGXVKAPCSIXGAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- AKNUHUCEWALCOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethyldiethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CC)CCO AKNUHUCEWALCOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbodiimide group Chemical group N=C=N VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formanilide Chemical compound O=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- GQEAMFCDHPUBGV-GRHBHMESSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;dibutyltin Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.CCCC[Sn]CCCC GQEAMFCDHPUBGV-GRHBHMESSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYWRDHBGMCXGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazinane Chemical compound C1CNNNC1 OYWRDHBGMCXGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatoethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCN=C=O ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-naphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- ZMESHQOXZMOOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 ZMESHQOXZMOOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanato-3-methylphenyl)-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound C1=C(N=C=O)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N=C=O)=CC=2)=C1 ICLCCFKUSALICQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXFVIWBTKYFOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n,3-n,3-n-tetramethylbutane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)CCN(C)C AXFVIWBTKYFOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGPLWEZGITVTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,4,2-oxazasilinane Chemical compound CN1CCO[Si](C)(C)C1 GGPLWEZGITVTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQXKWPLDPFFDJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1C PQXKWPLDPFFDJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=CC=C1N RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylhexan-2-yloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(C)OCC1CO1 JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKMMTJMQCTUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(N)CO BKMMTJMQCTUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-7-fluoroquinazolin-4-amine Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(N)=NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 FZZMTSNZRBFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGTASENVNYJZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC(C)N)=CC(OC)=C1OC WGTASENVNYJZBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHFKECPTBZZFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1N NHFKECPTBZZFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound COC1=NC(N)=NC2=C1C=CN2 CNPURSDMOWDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GTJVPLGQFHDOAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCC)[Sn]CCCCCCCC Chemical compound C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCC)[Sn]CCCCCCCC GTJVPLGQFHDOAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005684 Liebig rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(trimethylsilyl)diethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)[Si](C)(C)C JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTBDJNKMJRJFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.O=C=NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical class N=C=O.O=C=NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FOTBDJNKMJRJFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical class CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZBFGYYEXUXCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N TCEP Chemical compound OC(=O)CCP(CCC(O)=O)CCC(O)=O PZBFGYYEXUXCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YSZKDKZFYUOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diphenyl-(4-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C1CCC(CC1)C(C)C)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YSZKDKZFYUOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003927 aminopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002968 anti-fracture Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I antimony(5+);pentachloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl VMPVEPPRYRXYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010538 cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyl(dichloro)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(Cl)CCCC RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AOJHDNSYXUZCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilyloxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)O[Si](C)(C)C AOJHDNSYXUZCCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRWZYZWZBMGMMG-UHFFFAOYSA-J dodecanoate tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BRWZYZWZBMGMMG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DOVJROOSBVOVCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,1,1,2,2-pentol Chemical compound OC(O)C(O)(O)O DOVJROOSBVOVCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCO.CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-caprolactone Chemical compound CCC1CCC(=O)O1 JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000717 hydrazino group Chemical group [H]N([*])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Natural products OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004194 lidocaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFLSMWXCZBIXLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN1CCN(C)CC1 XFLSMWXCZBIXLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWRDBWDXRLPESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-n-ethylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZWRDBWDXRLPESY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOKMYEORIPLLGI-KVVVOXFISA-N n-ethylethanamine;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCNCC.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O HOKMYEORIPLLGI-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl alcohol Natural products CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007965 phenolic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010107 reaction injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940066675 ricinoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004618 solid polyurethane elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003504 terephthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YJGJRYWNNHUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-J triacetyloxystannyl acetate Chemical group [Sn+4].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJGJRYWNNHUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOSMZFBHAYFUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 BOSMZFBHAYFUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
- B29C44/06—Making multilayered articles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
- A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
- A47K3/02—Baths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/769—Sanitary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
- B32B2038/0084—Foaming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2375/00—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249981—Plural void-containing components
Abstract
抗冲击夹层结构元件,其包括至少一层固体热固型聚氨酯层和至少一层聚氨酯弹性体层;以及这些元件的制备工艺。这些元件在制备卫生设备、游泳池、家用电冰箱、墙板、汽车或家具,在建筑工业、在废水处理技术或者在汽车车身设计和制造中的应用。
Description
本发明涉及抗冲击夹层结构元件,其包括至少一层固体热固型聚氨酯层和至少一层聚氨酯弹性体层;以及涉及其制备方法和这些夹层结构元件在卫生设备、游泳池、家用电冰箱、墙板、汽车或家具中,在建筑工业、在废水处理技术或者在汽车车身设计和制造中的应用。
在欧洲专利申请EP-A 589343的公开文本中,其可见的和使用表面由聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯构成的卫生设备配有承载性聚氨酯夹层结构,这些层是通过双组份混和喷嘴直接一层一层地涂覆在预先形成的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基底上的。为了提高附着力,被喷涂的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯表面首先涂敷一层具有明显结晶趋势的非交联弹性聚合树脂溶液。这种溶液也可以是聚氨酯溶液。
WO94/14587公开了一种由两层固体反应塑料层和一层中间反应塑料泡沫层组成的夹层结构元件。该夹层结构元件是通过将相应的反应混合物一层一层地喷涂到基底上而由双组份反应塑料制成的。采用热固性树脂作为反应塑料,并建议使用聚脲或者聚氨酯和聚酯的混合物。
由EP-A 728574可知,由含有15至55重量%的云母或滑石的固体聚氨酯层和聚氨酯泡沫层构成的夹层结构元件,它是通过一层一层地涂敷在基底上而获得的。
在实际应用中已经发现,现有技术的夹层结构元件没有足够的抗冲击性,特别是薄的元件非常明显。因此,例如在应用于卫生设备中,就会发生打破外壁的情况,增加了伤害的危险。
现在已经发现,通过将固体热固性聚氨酯层与下层交联聚氨酯弹性体层结合,就能够得到包括多层制品,它们具有明显提高的抗冲击性。
因此,本发明提供具有下述涂层顺序的夹层结构元件:
1.任选的一种装饰表面层,特别是硬表面层(例如:PMMA、胶合板、清漆、凝胶涂层、ABS、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、PVC、ASA);
2.一固体热固性聚氨酯层;
3.一聚氨酯弹性体层;
4.任选的一种聚氨酯泡沫层;
5.另一层固体热固性聚氨酯层;
6.任选的一种纸、塑料基底〖例如:GFRP(玻璃纤维增强聚酯),薄膜,石头,木材或金属(例如钢)或另一层装饰表面层〗。
进一步优选的层的顺序是:装饰层/固体热固性聚氨酯层/聚氨酯弹性体层/聚氨酯泡沫层,或者装饰层/固体热固性聚氨酯层/聚氨酯弹性体层/聚氨酯泡沫层/固体热固性聚氨酯层/(任选的装饰层),或者装饰层/固体热固性聚氨酯层/聚氨酯弹性体层/固体热固性聚氨酯层。
根据本发明,所有快速反应的聚氨酯反应混合物都适宜作为制备聚氨酯层的聚氨酯反应混合物,特别是为反应注模技术(RIM技术)而研发出的反应混合物。优选地,用作异氰酸酯组份是基于MDI和聚醚多元醇的半预聚物,它具有40至600,优选150至400的OH数,和10至33重量%,特别是20至28重量%的NCO基团。
另外适宜作为异氰酸酯反应物的是脂肪族,环脂族,芳香脂族,芳香族和杂环的多异氰酸酯,例如在W.Siefken所著的《Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie》,562,第75至136页中所描述的那些物质,其通式为:
Q(NCO)n其中n=2至4,优选2;Q代表具有2-18个碳原子脂族烃基团,优选6-10个碳原子;具有4-15个碳原子的环脂烃基团,优选5-10个碳原子;具有6-15个碳原子的芳香烃基团,优选6-13个碳原子;或者具有8-15个碳原子的芳脂烃基团,优选8-13个碳原子,例如乙烯二异氰酸酯,1,4-二异氰酸四亚甲酯,1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI),1,12-十二烷基二异氰酸酯,环丁烷1,3-二异氰酸酯,环己烷1,3-和1,4-二异氰酸酯和任何所需的其异构体的混合物,1-异氰酸-3,3,5-三甲基-5-异氰酸甲酯基-环已烷(DE-AS 1202785,US-A3401190),2,4-和-2,6-六氢化甲代亚苯基二异氰酸酯和任何所需的其异构体的混合物,六氢化-1,3-和1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯,全氢化-2,4′-和-4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯,1,3-和1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯(DE-OS 19627907),1,4-杜烯二异氰酸酯(DDI),4,4′-芪二异氰酸酯(DEE-OS 19628145), 3,3′-二甲基-4,4′-亚联苯基二异氰酸酯(TODI,DE-OS 19509819),2,4-和2,6-甲代亚苯基二异氰酸酯(TDI)和任何所需的其异构体的混合物,二苯甲烷2,4′-和/或4,4′-二异氰酸酯(MDI),异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)或萘-1,5-二异氰酸酯(NDI)。
根据本发明适用的还有,例如在GB-B 874430和GB-B 848671中所述的通过苯胺-甲醛缩合反应和接着通过光气化作用得到的三苯甲烷4,4′,4″-三异氰酸酯,聚苯基-聚亚甲基多异氰酸酯;根据US-A3454606的间和对异氰酸苯基磺酰基异氰酸酯;在US-A3277138中所述的全氯代芳基多异氰酸酯;在US-A 3152162和DE-OS 2504400,2537865和2552350中所述的含有碳二亚胺基团的多异氰酸酯;根据US-A 3492301的降冰片烷二异氰酸酯;在GB-A 994890,BE-PS 761626和NL-A 7102524中所述的含有脲基甲酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯;在DE-PS 1022789,1222067和1027394和DE-OS 1929034和2004048中所述的含有异氰脲酸酯的多异氰酸酯;例如在BE-PS 752261或者在US-A 3394164和3644457中所述的含有尿烷基团的多异氰酸酯;在DE-PS 1230778中所述的含有酰化脲基的多异氰酸酯;在US-A 3124605,3201372和3124605和在GB-B 889050中所述的含有缩二脲的多异氰酸酯;在US-A 3654106中所述的通过调聚反应制备的多异氰酸酯;在GB-B965474,1072956和US-A 3567763及DE-PS1231688中所述的含有酯基团的多异氰酸酯;根据DE-PS 1072385所述的上述异氰酸酯与缩醛的反应产物;根据US-B3455883的含有聚脂肪酸酯的多异氰酸酯。
也能使用包含异氰酸酯基团的蒸馏残物,它是在工业制备异氰酸酯中形成的,可任选地溶解在一种或多种上述多异氰酸酯中。也能使用任何所需的上述多异氰酸酯的混合物。
优选使用易于市售获得的多异氰酸酯,例如2,4-和-2,6-甲代亚苯基二异氰酸酯和任何所需的其异构体的混合物(“TDI”),聚苯基-聚亚甲基多异氰酸酯,它们是通过苯胺-甲醛缩合反应和接着通过光气化作用制备的(“粗NMI”),此外还有含有碳二亚胺基团、尿烷基团、脲基甲酸酯基团、异氰酸酯基团、脲基团或缩二脲基团(改性多异氰酸酯)的多异氰酸酯,特别是那些由2,4-和/或-2,6-甲代亚苯基二异氰酸酯或者4,4′-和/或2,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯衍生的改性多异氰酸酯。萘-1,5-二异氰酸酯和所提到的多异氰酸酯的混合物也是非常适用的。
适宜的发泡剂是水,作为产生二氧化碳的化学发泡剂,或者作为物理发泡剂可以是在聚氨酯化学中常用的低沸液体。也可以使用气体,例如二氧化碳,它在压力下溶解在至少一种组份中并获得释放,当从混和装置中排放而使压力降低时形成泡沫。同时其他填料的使用,例如玻璃纤维,金属颗粒或着色剂,或者提高防火性能的填料例如密胺树脂或磷化合物,也是不能被取消的。
优选地,将聚氨酯反应混合物的组份,以一定配比相互混和,使得该混合物中的异氰酸酯数为90至130。
优选使用在混和之后的1-5分钟内达到非粘性状态的体系,优选是1-3分钟。
可以在聚氨酯反应混合物中使用本领域技术人员公知的催化剂,例如叔胺,如三乙胺,三丁胺,N-甲基吗啉,N-乙基吗啉,N,N,N,N′-四甲基乙二胺,五甲基-二亚乙基-三胺或高级同系物(DE-OS 2624527和2624528),1,4-二氮杂二环-(2,2,2)-辛烷,N-甲基-N′-二甲基氨基乙基-哌嗪,双-(二甲氨基烷基)-哌嗪(DE-OS 2636787),N,N-二甲苄胺,N,N-二甲基环己胺,N,N-二乙基苄胺,双-(N,N-二乙胺乙基)-己二酸酯,N,N,N′,N′-四甲基-1,3-丁二胺,N,N-二甲基-对苯乙基胺,双-(二甲氨基丙基)脲,1,2-二甲基咪唑,2-甲基咪唑,单环和双环脒(DE-OS 1720633),双-(二烷基氨基)-烷基醚(US-A 3330782,DE-AS 1030558,DE-OS 1804361和2618280),以及根据DE-OS 2523633和2732292的含有酰胺基团(优选甲酰胺)的叔胺。适宜作为催化剂的还有曼希尼碱,本质上是仲胺,例如二甲胺,和醛类,优选甲醛;或酮类例如丙酮、甲乙酮或环己酮;和酚类例如苯酚、壬基酚或双酚。含有作为催化剂的对异氰酸酯基团具有活性的氢原子的叔胺例如有三乙醇胺,三异丙醇胺,N-甲基二乙醇胺,N-乙基二乙醇胺,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺,其与氧化烯,例如氧化丙烯和/或环氧乙烷的反应产物,和根据DE-OS 2732292中的仲-叔胺。带有碳硅键的硅杂胺也可被用作催化剂,如US-PS 3620984中所述,例如2,2,4-三甲基-2-硅杂吗啉和1,3-二乙氨基甲基-四甲基-二硅氧烷。含氮碱例如氢氧化四烷基铵,和碱金属氢氧化物例如氢氧化钠,碱金属酚盐例如酚酸钠,或碱金属醇化物例如甲醇钠,也都适用。六氢化三嗪也可以被用作催化剂(DE-OS 1769043)。NCO基团和Zerewintinoff活性氢原子之间的反应被内酰胺和氮杂内酰胺大大地加快,首先在内酰胺和具有酸式氢的化合物之间形成缔合。这种缔合和它们的催化作用在DE-OS 2062286,2062289,2117576,2129198,2330175和2330211中有所描述。根据本发明,还可以采用有机金属化合物,特别是有机锡化合物作为催化剂。例如二-正辛基锡硫醇盐(US-A3645927),优选二价锡羧酸盐例如乙酸锡(II),辛酸锡(II),异辛酸锡(II)和月桂酸锡(II),和四价锡化合物例如氧化二丁基锡,二氯化二丁基锡,双乙酸二丁基锡,二月桂酸二丁基锡,马来酸二丁基锡或二乙酸二正辛基锡也都适用。锌、铋、铁或其他过渡金属的有机金属化合物也都可以使用。
当然,上面提到的所有催化剂可以以混合物的形式使用。有机金属化合物和脒、氨基吡啶或肼基比啶的结合(DE-OS 2434185,2601082和2603834)是应特别注意的。
根据本发明可以使用的催化剂的其他代表和催化剂作用模式的细节,在R.Vieweg,A.Hchftlen(eds.)所著的《Kunststoff-Handbuch》第七卷(Vol.VII)(Carl-Hanser-Verlag,Munich,1966)第96-102页(p.96-102)中有所描述。
所使用的催化剂或催化剂组合物,在基于含有至少两个对异氰酸酯具有活性的氢原子的混合物总重量的基础上,其量为大约0.001至10重量%,优选0.01至1重量%。
任选地可以将添加剂加入到反应混合物中。例如可以提到表面活性剂,包括像乳化剂,泡沫稳定剂,泡孔调节剂,阻燃剂,成核剂,氧化抑制剂,稳定剂,润滑剂和脱模剂,着色剂,助分散剂,粘度改进剂,触变剂(例如化学触变剂,像DETDA),水粘合剂例如沸石或碳二亚胺,防泡剂(消泡剂和防沫剂),铺展剂,防水剂和颜料。适用的乳化剂是,例如蓖麻油磺酸的钠盐,或胺与脂肪酸的盐例如油酸二乙胺或硬脂酸二乙醇胺。还可以同时使用作为表面活性剂的碱金属或铵的磺酸盐;酸例如十二烷基苯磺酸或二萘甲烷二磺酸;或脂肪酸例如蓖麻油酸或聚脂肪酸,以及烷基芳基聚二醇醚和乙酸酯。适用的泡沫稳定剂是聚醚硅氧烷,特别是那些可溶于水的。这类化合物的结构是环氧乙烷和氧化丙烯的共聚物与聚二甲基硅氧烷基结合。
这些泡沫稳定剂是在例如US-A 2834748,2917480和3629308中所述。特别应注意的是根据DE-OS 2558523通过脲基甲酸酯多次分枝的聚硅氧烷-聚氧化烯共聚物。其他适用的有机聚硅氧烷,乙氧基化烷基苯酚,乙氧基化脂肪醇,石蜡油,蓖麻油和蓖麻油酸酯,土耳其红油和花生油,以及例如石蜡,脂肪醇,聚二甲基硅氧烷的泡孔调节剂也都是适用的。为了提高乳化作用,填料的分散,泡孔结构和/或使其稳定,具有聚氧化烯和氟代烷基作为侧基的低聚聚丙烯酸酯也是适用的。通常使用的表面活性物质,在基于100重量份高分子量聚羟基化合物b)的基础上,其量为0.01至5重量份。还可以加入反应阻滞剂,例如具有酸性反应的物质像盐酸,或有机酸和酸性卤化物,还有例如石蜡或脂肪醇或二甲基聚硅氧烷实际上已知的泡孔调节剂,以及实际上公知的颜料或着色剂和阻燃剂,例如磷酸三氯乙酯,磷酸三对甲苯酯或磷酸铵和多磷酸盐,及抗老化和耐候作用的稳定剂,增塑剂和具有制霉和抑菌作用的物质。
表面活性剂和泡沫稳定剂及泡孔调节剂,反应阻滞剂,稳定剂,阻燃物质,增塑剂,着色剂,填料,和根据本发明任选同时使用的具有杀霉或制霉,杀菌或抑菌作用的物质的其他例子,以及这些添加剂的使用和起作用的方式,在R.Vieweg,A.Hchtlen(eds.)所著的《Kunststoff-Handbuch》第七卷(Vol.VII)(Carl-Hanser-Verlag,Munich,1966)第103-113页(p.103-113)中有所描述。
固体热固性聚氨酯层是由双组份聚氨酯制剂制备的;优选是由一种异氰酸酯组份与聚醚二醇的反应获得的聚氨酯,该异氰酸酯组份优选基于MDI和具有从40至600的OH数,特别优选的是从150至400,而且具有从10至33重量%,特别优选的是从20至28重量%的NCO基团的聚醚多元醇基础上的半预聚物,其中的聚醚多元醇具有高于2的官能度。那些聚醚多元醇优选是由例如1,2-乙二胺或邻甲代苯二胺的二胺或者例如山梨醇的糖醇的烷氧基化作用而制备的聚醚。然而,也可以同时使用由1,2-乙二醇,二乙二醇,甘油或三羟甲基丙烷的烷氧基化作用而制备的聚醚多元醇。所使用的多元醇组份优选是具有150至400 OH数的聚醚多元醇。固体热固性聚氨酯层具有0.8至8mm的厚度,优选1.5至3mm,特别优选的是2至3mm。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,固体热固性聚氨酯层包含10至55重量%,优选25至50重量%,特别优选的30至40重量%的云母或滑石作为填料。云母或滑石的平均颗粒尺寸为5至80μm。
聚氨酯弹性体层是由交联的、致密的或胞状的聚氨酯弹性体构成。致密的或胞状的例如微小胞状的聚氨酯弹性体的制备,根据大量的专利和著作公开已经很早就被熟知了。聚氨酯弹性体的综述,它们的性能和使用,在例如G.W.Becker,D.Braun(eds.)所著的《Kunststoff-Handbuch》第七卷(Vol.VII)第三版(3rdedition)(Carl-Hanser-Verlag,Munich,1966)第103-113页(p.417-513)中给出。
MDI和TDI优选地作为异氰酸酯的成分。聚氨酯弹性体特别优选通过预聚物的方法制备的,其中在第一步由高分子量的多羟基化合物和至少一种二-或多异氰酸酯(一种包含异氰酸酯基团和优选具有10至30重量%,特别优选的10至20重量%的NCO含量的聚合加成反应化合物)来制备。用于制备弹性体层的异氰酸酯成分最好是与制备固体热固性聚氨酯层所使用的异氰酸酯相同。第二步,固体聚氨酯弹性体可以由这种包含异氰酸酯基团的预聚物通过与低分子量增链剂和/或交联剂和/或高分子量多羟基化合物及链调节剂的反应来制备。
合适的高分子量多羟基化合物是那些具有至少两个对异氰酸酯基团具有活性的氢原子的,优选使用聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇。这类聚醚多元醇可以通过公知的方法制备,例如在碱金属氢氧化物或碱金属醇化物作为催化剂存在下及添加至少一种包含2至8个键合的活性氢原子的引发剂分子的条件下,通过烯化氧的阴离子聚合反应,或者在路易斯碱例如五氯化锑或醚合氟化硼存在下通过烯化氧的阳离子聚合反应来制备。合适的烯化氧在烯基上有2至4个碳原子,例如四氢呋喃,1,3-氧化丙烯,1,2-和2,3-氧化丁烯;优选使用环氧乙烷和/或1,2-氧化丙烯。烯化氧可以单独使用,连续交替使用,或者以混合物的形式使用。任选使用1,2-氧化丙烯和环氧乙烷混合物,其中所用的环氧乙烷其量从10至50%,并以环氧乙烷封端(“EO帽”)的形式,以便所产生的多元醇具有伯OH端基基团超过70%。可以考虑用水或例如1,2-乙二醇,1,2-和1,3-丙二醇,二乙二醇,二丙二醇,1,4-乙二醇,甘油,三甲基醇丙烷等的二和八羟基醇作为引发剂分子。聚醚多元醇优选聚氧化丙烯-聚氧乙烯多元醇,(平均)官能度从2至8,优选2至4,特别优选2.5至3.5,和数均分子量从500至8000,优选800至3500。
合适的聚酯多元醇是由例如具有2至12个碳原子的有机二羧酸,优选具有4至6个碳原子的脂族二羧酸,和具有2至12个碳原子,优选2个碳原子的多元醇,优选二元醇制备的。可以考虑的二羧酸是例如,琥珀酸,戊二酸,己二酸,辛二酸,壬二酸,癸二酸,癸烷二羧酸,马来酸,富马酸,苯二甲酸,间苯二酸和对苯二酸。二羧酸可以单独或者相互混和使用。也可以使用相应的二羧酸衍生物代替游离的二羧酸,例如具有1至4个碳原子二羧酸单和/或双醇酯或者二羧酸酐。优选使用以(20-35)∶(35-50)∶(20-32)重量份相对比例的琥珀酸、戊二酸和己二酸作为二羧酸混合物,特别优选使用己二酸。二和多元醇的例子是乙二醇,二乙二醇,1,2-和1,3-丙二醇,二丙二醇,1,3-丙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,新戊二醇,1,10-癸二醇,甘油,三羟甲基丙烷和季戊四醇。优选使用1,2-乙二醇,二乙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,6-己二醇,甘油,三羟甲基丙烷或者上述二醇中的至少两种的混合物,特别是乙二醇,1,5-丁二醇和1,6-己二醇,甘油和/或三羟甲基丙烷的混合物。也能够使用例如ε-己内酯的内酯多元醇,或者例如o-羟基己酸和羟基乙酸的羟基羧酸。
为了制备聚酯多元醇,例如芳香族的和优选脂肪族的有机物,聚羧酸和/或聚羧酸衍生物和多元醇,在没有催化剂或使用酯化催化剂,有益的是在例如氮气、一氧化碳、氦气、氩气的惰性气体下,在150至300℃优选180至230℃的温度的熔体中,任选在减压下进行缩聚,直到达到所需酸值,有益的是小于10,优选小于1。
根据一种优选的制备方法,酯化混合物是在上述温度下,在常压而后在小于500毫巴,优选10至150毫巴的压力下进行缩聚,以达到80至30优选40至30的酸值。可以考虑的酯化催化剂有,例如铁,镉,钴,铅,锌,锑,镁,钛和锡以金属、金属氧化物或金属盐形式的催化剂。然而,缩聚反应也可以在液相,在使用稀释剂和/或用于共沸蒸馏的冷凝水例如苯,甲苯,二甲苯或氯苯的共沸剂的情况下进行。
为了制备聚酯多元醇,有机聚羧酸和/或其衍生物与多元醇最好是以1∶1至1.8,优选1∶1.05至1.2的摩尔比进行缩聚反应。所产生的聚酯多元醇优选具有2至3,特别是2至2.6的官能度,和400至6000,优选800至3500的数均分子量数。
含有羟基基团的聚碳酸酯也适宜作为聚酯多元醇。可以考虑那些已知的含有羟基基团的聚碳酸酯,例如它们可以通过将像1,2-丙二醇,1,4-丁二醇,1,6-己二醇,二乙二醇,三氧代乙二醇的二元醇与碳酸二芳酯,如碳酸二苯酯或光气进行反应而制备的。
为了制备聚氨酯弹性体,除高分子量多羟基化合物以外,优选使用低分子量的三-或四功能交联剂或增链剂和交联剂的混合物,以及附加的高分子量多羟基化合物,作为低分子量双功能增链剂。
这类增链剂和交联剂用来改变聚氨酯弹性体的机械性能,特别是硬度。适宜的增链剂例如烷二醇,二亚烷基二醇和聚亚烷基多醇,而交联剂为具有3至4官能度的例如三-或四羟基醇和低聚聚亚烷基多醇,一般其分子量小于800,优选18至400,特别是60至300。优选的作为增链剂的有,具有2至12个碳原子,优选1,4或6个碳原子的烷二醇,例如乙二醇,1,3-丙二醇,1,5-戊二醇,1,6-己二醇,1,7-庚二醇,1,8-辛二醇,1,9-壬二醇,1,10-癸二醇和特别是1,4-丁二醇,和具有4至8个碳原子的亚烷基二醇例如二乙二醇和二丙二醇,以及聚氧亚烷基二醇。适用的还有,具有不大于12个碳原子的支链的和/或非饱和的烷二醇,例如2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇,2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇,2-丁烯-1,4-二醇和2-丁炔-1,4-二醇,具有2至4个碳原子的二醇与对苯二甲酸的二酯,例如对苯二甲酸双-乙二醇或对苯二甲酸双-1,4-丁二醇,氢醌和间苯二甲酸的羟烯基醚,例如1,4-二(β-羟乙基)-氢醌或1,3-(β-羟乙基)-间苯二甲酸,具有2至12个碳原子的链烷醇胺,例如乙醇胺,2-氨基丙醇和3-氨基-2,2-二甲基丙醇,N-烷基二链烷醇胺,例如N-甲基-和N-乙基-二乙醇胺,具有2至15个碳原子的(环)脂族二胺,例如1,2-乙二胺,1,3-丙二胺,1,4丁二胺和1,6-己二胺,异佛尔酮二胺,1,4-环己二胺和4,4′-二胺基二环己基甲烷,被N-烷基、N,N′-二烷基取代的和芳族二胺,在芳香族基上还可以被烷基基团取代,在N-烷基中具有1至20个碳原子,优选1至4个碳原子,例如N,N′-二乙基-、N,N′-二仲戊基-、N,N′-二仲己基-、N,N′-二仲癸基-和N,N′-二环己基、对或间苯二胺,N,N′-二甲基-、N,N′-二乙基-、N,N′-二异丙基-、N,N′-二仲丁基、N,N′-二环己基-4,4′二胺-二苯甲烷,N,N′-二-仲丁基联苯胺,亚甲基-双(4-氨基-3-苯甲酸甲酯),2,4-氯代4,4′-二氨基-二苯甲烷,2,4-和2,6-甲代苯二胺。
优选使用高官能聚醚作为多元醇组份,例如在甘油,三羟甲基丙烷,季戊四醇,糖,乙二胺,或邻甲代苯二胺的基础上的多元醇组份,结合例如乙二醇或丁二醇的低分子量增链剂和例如单官能醇的链调节剂。也可以使用基于1,2-乙二醇,丙二醇或二乙二醇的双官能聚醚和聚酯结合例如甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、己二胺或异佛尔酮二胺的高官能的交联剂。如果在第二步中使用水或水的混合物和任选的低分子量增链剂和/或交联剂和/或高分子量多羟基化合物的混合物,那么就能够制备微胞状的聚氨酯弹性体。另外,可以通过使用物理发泡剂来实现。
聚氨酯弹性体层的厚度一般为0.5至4mm,优选1.0至3mm,特别优选1.5至2.5mm。
本发明的夹层结构元件也可以包含一层或多层聚氨酯泡沫层。为了制备泡沫层,优选使用与制备一层或多层固体热固性聚氨酯层相同的异氰酸酯和多元醇组份。泡沫层优选具有0.5至30mm的厚度,特别优选的泡沫层的厚度为2至20mm。优选闭孔泡沫。
根据本发明,泡沫层不是必须含有云母或滑石。泡沫层可以含有除云母或滑石以外的其他填料,例如蜜胺树脂或研磨细了的聚氨酯废料,或者不需加入填料而制造。但是,优选还含有云母或滑石作为制造泡沫层的填料。
根据所需的性能可以由多种材料制造装饰表面层。例如是像PMMA,ABS,PVC,聚碳酸酯或ASA的塑料,但也可以使用例如铝或钢的金属,或者木材(胶合板)。装饰表面层或者形成在本发明的夹层结构的前或后可视表面,或者在前后两个可视表面上。
本发明的夹层结构元件可以被任选地固定在基底上。所述基底可以是,例如纸,塑料(例如GFRP,ASA,ABS,PVC,PP,PE,特氟隆,丙烯酸树脂或环氧树脂,固体或薄膜形式),石头,木材或金属(例如钢)。
在其上制造夹层结构的基底可以是模具,在涂敷涂层之前加上脱模剂,一旦夹层结构硬化就可以将其去除。例如机动车的塑料或金属部件也可以作为基底。
优选基底是最终产品的一部分,夹层结构元件与其一起形成一个复合体。在本发明的一个实施方案中,基底是一个PMMA模塑体以形成卫生设备的可视和使用表面。已经发现当PNIMA模塑体被用作基底来一层一层地制造结构元件的基底时,本发明的夹层结构元件与其具有优异的粘附力。为了产生优异的粘附力,用浸透了溶液(例如乙醇,丙酮,乙酸乙酯,甲醇,异丙醇,甲苯或二甲苯)的织物充分地清洗待涂的PNIMA的表面,以使它没有油脂和灰尘。
本发明的夹层结构元件可以包括任何所需的层数。优选的是奇数的层数,最外层是固体层。特别优选的层数是3至5层。
本发明的夹层结构并不限于每一层具有相同厚度的结构。相反,根据需要每一层可以具有不同的厚度;另外,每一涂层的厚度可以变化。还有,不是必须将一层连续地延伸贯穿结构元件。例如,可以控制反应混合物的喷涂,以在结构元件中形成泡沫岛,这些岛被将固体层连接在一起的固体网渗透。
本发明并不局限于夹层结构中不同的层延伸布满整个结构表面。相反,有益的是提供渗透泡沫层的固体聚氨酯网,从而使结构具有良好的剪切强度。另外,例如通过计量调节发泡剂,有益地使泡沫层具有变化泡沫密度的区域。
根据本发明还可以在夹层结构的不同涂层和/或层之间插入加强元件和/或紧固元件。例如,为了加强目的,可以将玻璃纤维绳或织物,碳纤维,芳酰胺纤维,矿物纤维,有机合成纤维或天然纤维的绳或织物放在还没有完全反应的涂层上,并在夹层元件中通过接着涂敷另一涂层而封盖。
本发明还提供了一种制备本发明的夹层结构元件的方法。在该方法中,通过在适当的基底上连续涂覆聚氨酯反应混合物来制造固体热固层,弹性体层和泡沫层。所使用的聚氨酯反应混合物优选包含基于混合物的10至55重量%、细分的云母或滑石。
本发明的夹层结构元件优选地通过在基底上一层一层地涂覆来制造,例如通过涂覆、括涂或喷涂,优选喷涂。聚氨酯反应混合物的组份,特别是异氰酸酯、包含填料的多元醇混合物和任选独立的发泡剂,以计量好的量由不同的管子送入适宜的混和装置中,混和装置的出口是喷头。适宜混合的装置是通过逆向注入法而操作的高压混和装置和低压搅拌机械混合装置;例如可参见G.W.Becker,D.Braun(eds.)所著的《Kunststoff-Handbuch》第七卷(Vol.VII)第三版(3rd edition),(Carl-Hanser-Verlag,Munich,Vienna1993)第174-186页(page174-186)。附加的喷射装置,例如在混和装置的出口周围与出口同心的加压气体喷嘴,安装在混和装置的出口处。由喷射装置产生的液滴优选具有0.2至2mm的直径,特别是0.5至1.5mm。
每一热固层、弹性体层或泡沫层最好是通过在几个涂层上喷涂反应混合物来制造,以便在特别是当需要较厚涂层时,防止仍为的液体即没有完全反应的的涂层在相对于水平面倾斜的涂层表面上流走。在那种情况下,所施加的连续涂层的每一层是“湿层在湿层上”,也就是说,前一涂层仍然是未完全反应状态,特别是在每一加工涂层达到非粘性状态之前。为了防止未完全反应的涂层流走,可以在反应混合物中加入触变剂,例如芳香族或脂肪族二胺,像DETDA。
进行从第一层泡沫层到最初的最后一层下层上的涂覆优选地是以“湿层在湿层上”方式进行,也就是说在固体层达到非粘性状态之前。当泡沫层已经完全反应或者已经达到非粘性状态时,可以将第一层热固层或弹性体层喷涂到最后的泡沫层而没有缺陷。
可以通过一个或多个混和装置进行夹层结构涂层的涂覆。对于由大体相同材料构成的夹层结构来说,有益的是为其提供至少一个喷头,其在涂覆过程中可以改变所加入的反应混合物的组份,从而可以在混和喷头中交替生产热固聚氨酯、聚氨酯弹性体和聚氨酯泡沫。
也可以以一维不间断的平板部件的形式生产本发明的夹层结构,它通过在一移动的传送带上将涂层任选地涂覆在一种在传送带上移动的基底并将涂层粘附在其上面。适合的基底是结构或非结构的纸、塑料或铝的薄膜,或钢片材、胶合板或木板。通过锯断或切割,由不间断的夹层结构元件生产结构元件。
在优选的实施方案中,通过在下部传送带上连续涂覆反应混合物来生产至少一层第一固体热固性聚氨酯层和第一聚氨酯弹性体层,并且在上部传送带上侧生产至少另一层固体热固性聚氨酯层,并通过在完全硬化之前翻转传送带将其与下部传送带上仍处于上升过程的泡沫层接触。
根据本发明,也不是必须都用连续涂布的方法生产夹层结构元件的所有层。相反,例如如果结构元件的两面的特殊表面结构重要的话,可以独立地在分开的基底上形成上层,例如夹层结构元件的固体、热固层,并且在达到非粘性状态之前将该层在该最上层达到非粘性状态之前涂覆在分开制得的夹层结构元件的最上层上。
本发明还涉及将本发明的夹层结构元件应用于卫生设备,车辆,家具和建筑工业中。在所有的应用中,尽管元件的厚度很薄,本发明的夹层结构元件都显示出高抗冲击性。
用本发明的夹层结构元件能够生产,例如其可视表面由丙烯酸树脂或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯构成的增强卫生设备,像浴缸或淋浴盆。在这一方面下述的结构已经证实是成功的:在浴缸底部区域,将固体热固性聚氨酯层(L2)(例如,BaytecRSmassiv,BayerAG,D-51368 leverkusen)涂覆在远离可视表面的PMMA成型坯件(L1)的面上;将聚氨酯弹性体层(L3)(例如,BaytecReaktiv,Bayer AG,D-51368Leverkusen)涂覆在层(L2)上,然后是聚氨酯泡沫层(L4)(例如,BaytecRS Schaum,Bayer AG,D-51368 Leverkusen)和最后是另一层固体热固性聚氨酯层(L5)。这些层的典型参数是,例如:
L1:壁厚度0.8-2.5mm,
L2:层厚度大约3mm,表观密度大约1.3g/mm3,
L3:层厚度大约2至3mm,表观密度大约1.0g/mm3,
L4:层厚度大约13mm,表观密度大约0.4g/mm3,
L5:层厚度大约3mm,表观密度大约1.3g/mm3。
在圆形区域中,浴缸底部与侧面汇合,泡沫层的厚度逐渐减少到大约6mm;在侧壁区域,仅仅涂覆L2和L3层。在本发明一般的实施方案中,在浴缸底部的区域中可以省去层L3。本发明的卫生设备显示出显著增加的抗冲击性能,其结果确保更高的可靠性和减少对使用者伤害的危险。
本发明的夹层结构元件还应用在冷藏车车身的制造中。这类车身可以由平板状元件制造,该元件可以通过在平板模具中的喷射过程制造。为此,首先将凝胶层(L1)(例如以非饱和的聚酯树脂或聚氨酯为基础)加入到模具中,该层具有例如0.8mm的厚度。该层随后成为元件的可视表面。具有例如大约3mm厚度的固体热固性聚氨酯层(L2)通过喷射涂覆到层(L1)上。接着通过喷射涂覆例如大约2mm厚的聚氨酯弹性体层(L3),接下来是例如大约2mm厚的另一层固体热固性聚氨酯层(L4)。通过将所得到的两个平板结合及在它们之间充满聚氨酯硬泡沫(L5),可以得到用于制造冷藏车身的片状结构元件,该硬泡沫层的厚度一般为1至8mm,例如5至7mm,其表观密度是在大约30至70g/mm3的范围内。这样就得到了涂层顺序为L1/L2/L3/L4/L5/L4/L3/L2/L1的结构元件。本发明的结构元件表现出良好的隔热性和优异的抗冲击性,以便在运输过程中装载货物或货物滑动时,能够大大地避免对结构内壁的破坏。本发明的结构元件另一个优点是它们制造所需的时间短,及元件由相同的聚氨酯材料构成,因此在使用后可以被整体处理或送去循环使用。
具有类似结构的元件也能够被用作建筑房屋中的隔板或者结构元件,特别是用于活动房屋的建筑中。
本发明的夹层结构元件也可以被用于例如制造门或车库门等等的结构部分。适用的例如片状元件其涂层顺序是:(L1)装饰层(例如胶合板或基于非饱和聚酯树脂或聚氨酯的凝胶层),(L2)固体热固性聚氨酯层(其厚度例如是大约3mm),(L3)聚氨酯弹性体层(其厚度例如是大约2mm),(L4)固体热固性聚氨酯层(其厚度例如是大约2mm),和任选的(L5)另一装饰层。可以用在平板模具中喷射的方法制造该元件。就这类元件来讲提高了的抗冲击性能也是极为重要的。
本发明的夹层结构元件其他的应用领域是机动车部件的抗冲击涂层(例如摩托车部件,船部件和船身,特别是用于划船,独木舟,美式帆布船),抗冲击家具或抗冲击地板面,以及在工业隔离(例如家用电冰箱,管道)领域。
实施例
对丙烯酸酯浴缸的摆锤冲击测试
对长度为180cm,宽度为50cm及高度为80cm的丙烯酸酯浴缸的后表面进行测试。成型坯材在每种情况下是具有1.2mm壁厚的深度拉伸的PMMA壳。各种加强层都涂敷到成型坯材上。为了确定抗断裂,摆锤冲击测试是在得到的浴缸上进行的。
用于测试的摆锤由96cm长的金属杆组成,其上悬挂的摆锤长56cm。在摆锤的端部有直径为55mm,具有一与摆锤轴垂直连接的轴的半球形锤,在摆动平面中,为了接受额外的重量,在金属杆的另一端有相同的重量,以使金属杆平衡。摆锤被悬挂在地面上76cm高处。
为了进行摆锤冲击测试,将浴缸安装在悬挂摆锤下面的支架上。在水平方向上摆锤被锁住,加载所需的附加重量,然后打开锁。测试之后,测定冲击作用,该测试任选较高的附加重量重复进行。
A.GFRP加强(对比)
基体通过在成型坯材远离可视表面的那面喷涂3mm厚的玻璃纤维加强聚酯混合物而获得加强。
冲击序号№. | 摆锤重量(Kg) | 损坏 |
1 | 1.9 | - |
2 | 2.4 | - |
3 | 2.9 | - |
4 | 3.4 | - |
5 | 3.9 | - |
6 | 4.4 | - |
7 | 4.9 | - |
8 | 5.4 | - |
9 | 5.9 | - |
10 | 6.4 | 在丙烯酸酯上第一个表面痕迹 |
11 | 6.9 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
12 | 7.5 | 40mm垂直的穿透裂纹 |
13 | 7.5 | 圆形裂缝,D=35mm |
14 | 7.5 | 第二个圆形裂缝,D=60mm |
15 | 7.5 | 50mm深印痕 |
B.聚氨酯加强(对比)
基体通过在成型坯材远离可视表面的那面喷涂3mm厚的固体热固性聚氨酯(BaytecRS massiv,BayerAG)而获得加强。
冲击序号№. | 摆锤重量(Kg) | 损坏 |
1 | 1.9 | - |
2 | 2.4 | - |
3 | 2.9 | 可听见损坏声音 |
4 | 3.4 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
5 | 3.9 | 150mm的垂直裂纹 |
6 | 5.9 | 240mm的垂直裂纹,180mm的水平裂纹 |
7 | 5.9 | 270mm的垂直裂纹,210mm的水平裂纹 |
8 | 5.9 | 310mm的垂直裂纹,210mm的水平裂纹 |
9 | 5.9 | 350mm的垂直裂纹,250mm的水平裂纹,第一次穿孔及穿透裂纹 |
C.本发明的复合结构
基体通过在成型坯材远离可视表面的那面喷涂3mm厚的固体热固性聚氨酯加强层(BaytecRS massiv,Bayer AG),接着是1mm厚的聚氨酯弹性体层(BaytecReaktiv,BayerAG),13mm厚的聚氨酯泡沫层(BaytecRS Schaum,Bayer AG)和另一2mm厚的固体热固性聚氨酯层(BaytecRSmassiv,BayerAG)而获得加强。
冲击序号№. | 摆锤重(Kg) | 损坏 |
1 | 1.9 | - |
2 | 2.4 | - |
3 | 2.9 | - |
4 | 3.4 | - |
5 | 3.9 | 在丙烯酸上第一个痕迹D=6mm |
6 | 4.4 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
7 | 4.9 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
8 | 5.4 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
9 | 5.9 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
10 | 6.4 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
11 | 6.9 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
12 | 7.5 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
13 | 8.0 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
14 | 8.5 | 垂直形成的痕迹 |
15 | 9.0 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
16 | 9.5 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
17 | 10.0 | 没有进一步的损坏 |
18 | 10.8 | 从冲击点有半圆形裂缝D=180mm |
Claims (7)
1.一种包含多层的以组份a)至f)顺序排列的制品,其中:
a)任选的装饰硬表面层,和
b)固体热固性聚氨酯层,和
c)交联的聚氨酯弹性体层,和
d)任选的聚氨酯泡沫层,和
e)固体热固性聚氨酯层,和
f)任选的基底,
每一个所述a)至f)是与其相邻的组份结合。
2.一种包含多层的以组份a)至f)顺序排列的制品,其中:
a)任选的装饰硬表面层,和
b)固体热固性聚氨酯层,和
c)交联的聚氨酯弹性体层,和
d)任选的聚氨酯泡沫层,和
e)固体热固性聚氨酯层,和
f)任选的装饰硬表面层,
每一个所述a)至f)是与其相邻的组份结合。
3.如权利要求1所述的制品,其中聚氨酯(b)和(e)以及(c)项聚氨酯是具有相同的异氰酸酯反应剂的反应的产物。
4.制备如权利要求1所述的制品的方法,包括在所述(b)已经达到非粘性状态之前将(b)涂覆到所述(c)上,及在至少所述(b)和(c)的结合层达到非粘性状态之前将至少(b)和(c)的结合层涂覆到所述(e)上。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,包括通过喷射将每一个所述(b)、(c)和(e)以多涂层形式涂敷。
6.如权利要求1所述的制品,选自由卫生设备和冷藏车身组成的组。
7.如权利要求2所述的制品,选自由卫生设备和冷藏车身组成的组。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10033260.9 | 2000-07-10 | ||
DE10033260A DE10033260A1 (de) | 2000-07-10 | 2000-07-10 | Schlagzähes Sandwich-Strukturelement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1333127A true CN1333127A (zh) | 2002-01-30 |
Family
ID=7648261
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN01124811A Pending CN1333127A (zh) | 2000-07-10 | 2001-07-10 | 抗冲击夹层结构元件 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20020041954A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1172203A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002086656A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20020005987A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1333127A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU5430001A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2352540A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ20012486A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10033260A1 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1043563A1 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20013392L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ512827A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL348554A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200105385B (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101578168B (zh) * | 2006-11-09 | 2014-06-11 | 尤米柯结构材料(德比)有限公司 | 泡沫工具 |
CN104718064A (zh) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-06-17 | 波音公司 | 具有真空完整性的复合工具及制造该复合工具的方法 |
CN106715113A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-05-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 至少部分地由层状结构组成的部件及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10037157A1 (de) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-14 | Bayer Ag | Mehrschichtige Beschichtungssysteme aus einer dickschichtigen, gelartigen Grundschicht und einer Deckschicht aus Polyurethan-Lack, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
US7185468B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2007-03-06 | Jeld-Wen, Inc. | Multi-layered fire door and method for making the same |
US20040121161A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Shugert Craig T. | Composite material and mold process for injected molded vanity or countertop |
GB0317438D0 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2003-08-27 | Kohler Mira Ltd | Composite article and method of manufacture |
CZ297138B6 (cs) * | 2003-11-20 | 2006-09-13 | Interiérový doplnek, zejména nábytek nebo jeho cást, a zpusob jeho výroby | |
CA2561137A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-10 | Jeld-Wen, Inc. | Fiber-reinforced composites and building structures comprising fiber-reinforced composites |
US20070110979A1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2007-05-17 | Jeld-Wen, Inc. | Fiber-reinforced composite fire door |
US7691480B1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2010-04-06 | Basf Corporation | Elastomeric urethane composition |
US20070010644A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-11 | Basf Corporation. | Elastomeric urethane composition |
CN100448388C (zh) * | 2005-08-16 | 2009-01-07 | 宣城市银河洁具有限责任公司 | 复合浴缸的制作工艺 |
US20070098997A1 (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-03 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | Composite articles and a process for their production |
US8158249B2 (en) * | 2007-05-21 | 2012-04-17 | Featherlyte, Llc | Multi-layered foam furniture method and apparatus |
JP2010540737A (ja) * | 2007-10-02 | 2010-12-24 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 低密度ポリウレタンフォーム及びこれを靴底に使用する方法 |
DE102010043284A1 (de) | 2010-11-03 | 2012-05-03 | Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft | Sanitärartikel und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
WO2013064901A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-10 | Basf Se | A composite article |
GB2509921A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-23 | Jonathan Rusby | Furniture panel comprising polymeric foam sandwich |
DE202013105459U1 (de) | 2013-11-29 | 2015-03-02 | Rehau Ag + Co | Mehrschichtiger Verbundkörper |
DE202013105454U1 (de) | 2013-11-29 | 2015-03-04 | Rehau Ag + Co | Mehrschichtiger Verbundkörper |
FR3026048B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-10-28 | Soc Francaise D'assainissement - Sfa | Structure en materiau composite multicouche, son procede de mise en œuvre et article sanitaire ainsi realise |
FR3026049B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-24 | 2018-01-05 | Societe Francaise D'assainissement - Sfa | Structure en materiau composite multicouche, son procede de mise en œuvre et article sanitaire ainsi realise |
TR201811781T4 (tr) | 2015-12-07 | 2018-09-21 | Akzenta Paneele Profile Gmbh | Dekoratif panel ve bunun üretilmesine yönelik yöntem. |
DE102016112792A1 (de) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-18 | Guido Schulte | Paneel |
IT202000012361A1 (it) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-26 | Breda Tecnologie Commerciali S R L | Piatto doccia e relativo metodo di realizzazione |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02140167A (ja) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-29 | Saraya Kk | 手指消毒用組成物 |
DK260789D0 (da) * | 1989-05-29 | 1989-05-29 | Thermoform As | Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af en lamineret artikel med et lag af vakuumformet termoplast og et paasproejtet lag af haerdeplast, samt badekar fremstillet under udoevelse af fremgangsmaaden |
DE4005624C2 (de) * | 1990-02-22 | 1993-10-21 | Audi Ag | Dekorformteil, insbesondere zur Innenverkleidung von Türen, Schalttafeln, Konsolen, Pfosten |
DE4107454A1 (de) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-10 | Basf Ag | Verbundelemente aus einer deck- und traegerschicht aus thermoplastischen polyurethanen, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
DE4231396C1 (de) * | 1992-09-19 | 1994-04-21 | Roehm Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung mehrschichtiger, wannen- oder schalenförmiger Kunststoffkörper und solche Kunststoffkörper |
EP0675791A1 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1995-10-11 | Old Town Canoe Co., Inc. | A layered article prepared by spraying a thermoset resin to form each layer |
DE19506255A1 (de) * | 1995-02-23 | 1996-08-29 | Bayer Ag | Sandwich-Strukturelement aus Polyurethan und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE29509991U1 (de) * | 1995-06-20 | 1996-10-17 | Hoesch Metall & Kunststoffwerk | Muldenförmiger Sanitärgegenstand aus Kunststoff mit geschäumter Verstärkungsschicht |
DE19858732A1 (de) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-21 | Bayer Ag | Wäßrige 2 K-PUR-Systeme mit erhöhter Schlagzähigkeit, hohen Beständigkeitseigenschaften und guten optischen Eigenschaften, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
DE19860205A1 (de) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-06-29 | Basf Ag | Verbundelemente enthaltend (i) thermoplastische Polyurethane und (ii) mikrozellige Polyurethanelastomere |
-
2000
- 2000-07-10 DE DE10033260A patent/DE10033260A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-06-29 ZA ZA200105385A patent/ZA200105385B/xx unknown
- 2001-07-04 EP EP01115668A patent/EP1172203A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-06 CA CA002352540A patent/CA2352540A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-06 US US09/900,783 patent/US20020041954A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-06 NZ NZ512827A patent/NZ512827A/xx unknown
- 2001-07-09 CZ CZ20012486A patent/CZ20012486A3/cs unknown
- 2001-07-09 PL PL01348554A patent/PL348554A1/xx unknown
- 2001-07-09 JP JP2001207727A patent/JP2002086656A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-09 NO NO20013392A patent/NO20013392L/no unknown
- 2001-07-10 AU AU54300/01A patent/AU5430001A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-10 CN CN01124811A patent/CN1333127A/zh active Pending
- 2001-07-10 KR KR1020010041114A patent/KR20020005987A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 HK HK02105299.5A patent/HK1043563A1/zh unknown
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101578168B (zh) * | 2006-11-09 | 2014-06-11 | 尤米柯结构材料(德比)有限公司 | 泡沫工具 |
US8784089B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2014-07-22 | Umeco Structural Materials (Derby) Limited | Foamed tools |
CN104718064A (zh) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-06-17 | 波音公司 | 具有真空完整性的复合工具及制造该复合工具的方法 |
CN104718064B (zh) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-09-07 | 波音公司 | 具有真空完整性的复合工具及制造该复合工具的方法 |
CN106715113A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-05-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 至少部分地由层状结构组成的部件及其制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002086656A (ja) | 2002-03-26 |
AU5430001A (en) | 2002-01-17 |
CZ20012486A3 (cs) | 2002-02-13 |
NO20013392D0 (no) | 2001-07-09 |
DE10033260A1 (de) | 2002-02-21 |
HK1043563A1 (zh) | 2002-09-20 |
EP1172203A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 |
KR20020005987A (ko) | 2002-01-18 |
CA2352540A1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
PL348554A1 (en) | 2002-01-14 |
NZ512827A (en) | 2002-12-20 |
NO20013392L (no) | 2002-01-11 |
US20020041954A1 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
ZA200105385B (en) | 2002-07-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1333127A (zh) | 抗冲击夹层结构元件 | |
CN1958281B (zh) | 复合制件及其生产方法 | |
US7601761B2 (en) | Rigid polyurethane foams with increased heat performance | |
US8431058B2 (en) | Polyurethane systems for production of polyurethane sandwich components | |
CN102844165B (zh) | 具有高压缩强度和刚度的聚氨酯复合材料体系 | |
US20030047836A1 (en) | Method for making a polyurea-polyurethane composite structure substantially free of volatile organic compounds | |
US20090326148A1 (en) | Low-emission polyurethane backing layer, spray polyurethane system for producing such a backing layer, and use of such a backing layer | |
CA2096610C (en) | Multilayer fiber reinforced polymeric shaped article | |
CN1142851C (zh) | 包含密实型多异氰酸酯加聚产物的复合体组件 | |
CN1421313A (zh) | 金属-聚氨酯层压品 | |
WO1997047466A1 (fr) | Materiau pour panneaux et procede de fabrication | |
CA2096822C (en) | Multilayer polymeric shaped article | |
US20240052126A1 (en) | Systems and Methods for Image-Based Location Determination | |
CN1304356A (zh) | 包含密实型多异氰酸酯加聚产物的复合体组件 | |
CA2400569C (en) | Polyurea-polyurethane composite structure substantially free of volatile organic compounds | |
TW201321426A (zh) | 硬質發泡合成樹脂之製造方法 | |
US5114985A (en) | Dibasic acid esters as cell openers in low density rigid polyurethanes useful in pour-behind-fabric applications of low density SRIM | |
KR101387375B1 (ko) | 폴리우레탄 가스켓 및 그의 형성 방법 | |
ES2298445T3 (es) | Poliuretanos modificados, un procedimiento para su preparacion y su uso. | |
CN1874888A (zh) | 复合体 | |
JPH09165899A (ja) | 車輌用床材及びその製造方法 | |
WO2023219764A1 (en) | High temperature stable sandwich panels | |
CN117916293A (zh) | 含沸石的聚烯烃膜 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1043563 Country of ref document: HK |