CN1331850C - Chlorodimethyl thetin and its prepn process and use - Google Patents
Chlorodimethyl thetin and its prepn process and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN1331850C CN1331850C CNB200510034666XA CN200510034666A CN1331850C CN 1331850 C CN1331850 C CN 1331850C CN B200510034666X A CNB200510034666X A CN B200510034666XA CN 200510034666 A CN200510034666 A CN 200510034666A CN 1331850 C CN1331850 C CN 1331850C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses chloro dimethylthetin which is a new compound used as aquatic product feed additives and a preparation method thereof. A structural formula of the compound is shown in a picture. Functions comprise that prawns are promoted to ingest food, fishes are promoted to grow, and the body shape of the fishes is favorably improved to enhance edible part proportion and have a stronger protection effect on hepatopancreas. An immune function is also favorably enhanced, and the damage to the fishes because of transportation stress is lightened. The present invention has the following obvious effects that a production method is simple, and raw materials are relatively cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purposes of dimethylthetin compound, especially a kind of purposes of compound chloro dimethylthetin.
Background technology
The common issue with that current aquatic feeds manufacturer is faced is how to improve the palatability of feed, prawn feed particularly, additive with luring function has crucial meaning for the aquatic feeds industry, in aquaculture, improve the immunizing power of aquatic animal, anti-transport stress ability is under the more and more abominable unfavorable situation of current breeding environment, crucial realistic price is arranged, simultaneously, the growth of the promotion aquatic animal of safety, and can overcome the aquatic animal bodily form that existing formula technique and cultural technique or dangerous additive cause and depart from phenomenons such as state of nature or liver pancreatic functions be impaired, have actual economic worth for the raiser, bigger market demand is arranged.In the present feeding additive aquatic animal, its structural formula of neopentanoic acid thetin (Br-DMPT) is as follows:
Be natural sulfocompound that has the food calling effect and the effective methyl donor that is acknowledged as, can effectively promote ingesting and growing of prawn and some fresh-water fishes and seawater fish, and can improve swimming ability and the anti-stress ability of aquatic animal to a certain extent, its manufacture method was open already, but it is that raw material and dimethyl thioether react that disclosed method mainly adopts the 3-bromo-propionic acid, this method is because 3-bromo-propionic acid price is high, cause the finished product production cost too high, realize that scale operation has suitable difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the purposes of compound chloro dimethylthetin in aquatic feeds.This compound applies in the aquatic feeds as additive, helps improving the bodily form of fish, promotes lipid metabolism, helps immunologic function and improves, and alleviates the damage that transport stress causes fish.
The chloro dimethylthetin, described its structural formula of chloro dimethylthetin is as follows:
Chloro dimethylthetin manufacture method makes as follows:
(1) add dimethyl thioether in reactor, temperature is controlled at 5～18 ℃;
And temperature is controlled at 30～50 ℃ (2) and then add Mono Chloro Acetic Acid;
(3) back flow reaction is 4～12 hours, centrifugation, and washing, oven dry makes.
Wherein, the temperature in the described step (1) is controlled at 12～15 ℃.
Chloroacetic mass ratio described in dimethyl thioether described in the step (1) and the step (2) is 17: 18～17: 25.
Temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 38～42 ℃.
Reflux time described in the step (3) is 6～7 hours.
The purposes of chloro dimethylthetin in the aquatic products additive.Its addition means in aquatic feeds is the same with conventional aquatic feeds addition means.
Its addition is: add 300～500mg/Kg feed in prawn feed, preferred 400mg/Kg feed can improve grazing rate 30～～45%, can be used as a kind of new prawn phagostimulant use that report is not also arranged.
In fish meal, concrete can have tangible promotes growth effect as adding the chloro dimethylthetin in the crucian carp feed, has the new fish of report use growth promoter as a kind of also end, and its suitable addition is 150～250mg/Kg feed, preferably the 200mg/Kg feed.
In fish meal; concrete as adding the chloro dimethylthetin in the crucian carp feed; by promoting lipid metabolism; can improve the crucian bodily form, improve the edible portion ratio, more approach natural cultured product; the protection of aquatic animal liver pancreatic functions simultaneously is highly advantageous to; as a kind of also end report new lipid metabolism promotor and liver protectant are arranged, its suitable addition is 150～250mg/Kg feed, preferred 200mg/Kg feed.
In fish meal, concrete as adding the chloro dimethylthetin in the crucian carp feed, can improve the immunologic function of crucian, help alleviating the damage that transport stress causes the fish body, the negative interaction that stress cause there is certain restraining effect, the new fish of report is arranged with anti-transport stress additive as a kind of also end, its suitable addition is 150～250mg/Kg feed, preferably the 200mg/Kg feed.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding effect:
In conjunction with the aquatic products additive agent field; the bodily form that this compound helps improving fish is proposed first; improve the edible portion ratio; the liver pancreas there is stronger provide protection; also can further help immunologic function and improve, alleviate the damage that transport stress causes fish, enrich the kind of aquatic products additive; make the client that more selection arranged, large-scale production makes manufacturing enterprise find new growth engines.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment 1:
In three neck reaction flasks, add 220 gram dimethyl thioethers, and be cooled to about 13 ℃, drop into 290 gram Mono Chloro Acetic Acids, be warming up to 40 ℃, back flow reaction 7 hours, centrifugation, precipitation is with washing with alcohol, and 70 ℃ of oven dry obtain 318 gram chloro dimethylthetins.
Specific embodiment 2:
In three neck reaction flasks, add 250 gram dimethyl thioethers, and be cooled to about 5 ℃, drop into 290 gram Mono Chloro Acetic Acids, be warming up to 30 ℃, back flow reaction 4 hours, centrifugation, precipitation is with washing with alcohol, and 70 ℃ of oven dry obtain 320 gram chloro dimethylthetins.
Specific embodiment 3:
In three neck reaction flasks, add 290 gram dimethyl thioethers, and be cooled to about 18 ℃, drop into 290 gram Mono Chloro Acetic Acids, be warming up to 50 ℃, back flow reaction 6 hours, centrifugation, precipitation is with washing with alcohol, and 70 ℃ of oven dry obtain 318 gram chloro dimethylthetins.
Specific embodiment 4:
In three neck reaction flasks, add 200 gram dimethyl thioethers, and be cooled to about 12 ℃, drop into 294 gram Mono Chloro Acetic Acids, be warming up to 38 ℃, back flow reaction 12 hours, centrifugation, precipitation is with washing with alcohol, and 70 ℃ of oven dry obtain 300 gram chloro dimethylthetins.
Specific embodiment 5:
In three neck reaction flasks, add 250 gram dimethyl thioethers, and be cooled to about 15 ℃, drop into 300 gram Mono Chloro Acetic Acids, be warming up to 42 ℃, back flow reaction 6.5 hours, centrifugation, precipitation is with washing with alcohol, and 70 ℃ of oven dry obtain 325 gram chloro dimethylthetins.
Specific embodiment 6:
The application of chloro dimethylthetin in the prawn phagostimulant, its addition in prawn feed is: 300～500mg/Kg feed experiment showed, that adding 300～400～500mg/Kg feed in the shrimp feed can improve grazing rate 30～45%.
Specific embodiment 7:
The application of chloro dimethylthetin in fish usefulness growth promoter, its addition in fish meal is: 150～250mg/Kg feed experiment showed, and add 150～200～250mg/Kg feed that in fish meal obvious promotes growth effect can be arranged.
Specific embodiment 8:
The application of chloro dimethylthetin in fish usefulness lipid metabolism promotor and liver protectant; its addition in fish meal is: 150～250mg/Kg feed; in fish meal, add 150～200～250mg/Kg feed; by promoting lipid metabolism; can improve the crucian bodily form; improve the edible portion ratio, more approach natural cultured product, the protection of the aquatic animal liver pancreatic functions that is highly advantageous to simultaneously.
Specific embodiment 9:
The chloro dimethylthetin fish with the application in the anti-transport stress additive, its addition in fish meal is: 150～250mg/Kg feed, in fish meal, add 150～200～250mg/Kg feed, can improve the immunologic function of crucian, help alleviating the damage that transport stress causes the fish body, the negative interaction that stress cause is had certain restraining effect.
Application Example 10:
Experimental animal and management: Penaeus vannamei is bought back to be placed in the recycle system and was supported for 2 weeks temporarily available from permanent emerging shrimp seedling field, Zhanjiang, and every cylinder (0.3L) is put shrimp 40 tails, the feed of throwing something and feeding No. 1 during supporting temporarily, and estimate the amount of being satiated with food of every cylinder.During on-test, weigh, select active, healthy shrimp, (first starting weight 6.86 ± 0.09g), 2 repetitions, totally 26 cylinders are established in each processing (feed) to put into 30 tails in every cylinder at random.The feeding volume of every day is with reference to the amount of being satiated with food during supporting temporarily, and feeding volume guarantees that slightly more than the amount of being satiated with food feed has residue in for some time.Throw something and feed every day three times, the time of throwing something and feeding is 9:00,14:00,17:00, limits 0.5 hour ingest time at every turn.0.5 collect residual bait after hour, the 70C oven dry is weighed, and calculates the food ration of every day.Therapy lasted 15 days.Experimental session continues with oxygenating machine towards oxygen.The experimental session dissolved oxygen is greater than 7.0mg/l, and ammonia nitrogen＜0.02mg/l cultures salinity water 5-6 ‰, water temperature 16-24 ℃.
Method of calculation: day grazing rate (FR)=200 * duration of test feed total amount/(initial gross weight+last the gross weight)/feeding time of ingesting
Feed formulation sees Table one:
Table one: basal feed formula table
| Raw material | ％ |
| Red fish meal 2 | 36.0 |
| Dregs of beans | 20 |
| Peanut meal | 8.0 |
| Cuttlefish cream | 3.0 |
| Shrimp shell meal | 4.0 |
| Cereuisiae fermentum | 4.0 |
| Strong flour | 18.0 |
| Fish oil | 1.2 |
| Yelkin TTS | 1.0 |
| Other is 1 years old | 4.8 |
| Amount to | 100 |
| Trophic component % | |
| Crude protein | 40.6 |
| Crude fat | 6.2 |
| Coarse ash | 21.9 |
| Energy (kcal/kg) | 3889 |
Other: multidimensional (containing Vc) is 0.5; Many ore deposits are 0.5; Choline chloride 60 is 0.6; Monocalcium phosphate is 2.0; Carrier (Mierocrystalline cellulose) is 1.2.
Test feed is formed (g/1000g) and is seen Table two.
Table two: test feed is formed (g/1000g) table
| Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Contrast | 0 | ||||||
| Bromo neopentanoic acid thetin | 0.1 | ||||||
| Bromo neopentanoic acid thetin | 0.2 | ||||||
| Bromo neopentanoic acid thetin | 0.4 | ||||||
| The chloro dimethylthetin | 0.1 | ||||||
| The chloro dimethylthetin | 0.2 | ||||||
| The chloro dimethylthetin | 0.4 |
Add the various dose additive to grazing rate to influence test-results as follows: various additives and additive capacity have all improved the grazing rate of experimental animal to a certain extent, new food calling thing chloro dimethylthetin food calling effect proposed by the invention is obvious, its suitable addition is 400ppm, and two kinds of phagostimulants all improve grazing rate 30～45% in its suitable addition situation.
Application Example 11:
Chloro dimethylthetin promotes growth and anti-stress effect.
Experimental animal and management: select for use hybridized prussian carp as the culture experiment fish, for culturing fingerling then in the pond, mean body weight 30.7 ± 1.6g, after two weeks supported temporarily, random packet, every group 13 tail.Outdoor recirculation system carries out, single cylinder is rectangle 1m * 0.5m * 0.6m aquarium, with the tap water through quick-fried gas is the water source, replenish Total Water 5～10% every day, aquaculture water is through precipitation, flow in the water reservoir after filtering out residual feed and ight soil, be extracted into each culturing jar by the water pump gap again through after the oxygenation.The experimental session water temperature is 15～26 ℃, and dissolved oxygen remains on more than the 6.0mg/L, and the pH value is 6.5～7.5.Si material is thrown something and fed every day 3 times, and feeding volume is 3～4% of a body weight.Formal culture experiment begins back accumulative total and carried out 92 days, is divided into three phases sampling weigh (0-27 days, 28-55 days, 56-92 days).
Speed of growth index: moment, growth rate=(lnW2-lnW1)/(T2-T1), W2 and W1 were respectively the body weight when beginning and finishing, and T2-T1 is a culturing time.
Crucian body index: the fish body is estimated with body weight/body length, internal organ weight/body weight, liver pancreas/body weight, spleen weight/body weight.
Immunizing power is measured: measure serum lysozyme (LSZ), superoxide-dismutase (SOD), gpt (GPT), blood oxyphorase.
The anti-transportcapacity of crucian is measured: after culture experiment finishes, every test group is got 5 tail fishes, the pack oxygenation is tested with rotating speed 120rpm simulate on shaking table, replenished every 4 hours and once to fill oxygen, 14 hours time length, be calculated to be motility rate after the end, and measure blood content of hemoglobin, SOD in serum enzyme, N,O-Diacetylmuramidase and transaminase vigor immediately, to detect the anti-transportcapacity of crucian.
The test recipe of present embodiment sees Table three.
Table three: test feed prescription
| Raw material | ％ |
| Red fish meal | 8 |
| Dregs of beans | 16 |
| Peanut meal | 2 |
| The dish dregs of rice | 17 |
| Cotton dregs | 16 |
| Blood meal | 3 |
| Digested tankage | 2 |
| Wheat bran | 17 |
| Inferior powder | 12 |
| Soya-bean oil | 2 |
| Rape oil | 2 |
| Monocalcium phosphate | 2 |
| Additive * | 1 |
| Amount to | 100 |
| Trophic component % | |
| Crude protein | 34.0 |
| Crude fat | 9.5 |
| Coarse ash | 9.0 |
| Calcium (%) | 1.68 |
| Phosphorus (%) | 1.35 |
* additive: multidimensional (containing Vc) 0.1; Many ore deposits 0.5; Choline chloride 60 0.4
Experiment is divided into three groups, every group of three repetitions, and first group is blank, second, third group is added each 200mg/Kg of chloro dimethylthetin, 400mg/Kg respectively on first group of basis.
Test-results: interpolation chloro dimethylthetin sees Table four to the influence of crucian moment growth rate and feed coefficient in the feed:
Table four: add of the influence of chloro dimethylthetin in the feed to crucian moment growth rate and feed coefficient
| Moment growth rate | Feed coefficient | |
| Blank | 0.50±0.02 a | 5.16±0.42 a |
| Add chloro dimethylthetin 200mg/Kg group | 0.68±0.02 c | 3.91±0.15 c |
| Add chloro dimethylthetin 400mg/Kg group | 0.56±0.01 b | 4.74±0.25 b |
Adding the chloro dimethylthetin in the feed has tangible promotes growth effect to crucian, compares respectively when adding 200mg/Kg, 400mg/Kg according to the group speed of growth and improves 35.4%, 10.93%.Feed coefficient reduces by 24.22%, 8.14% respectively.
Interpolation chloro dimethylthetin sees Table five to the influence of the crucian bodily form in the feed.
Table five: add of the influence of chloro dimethylthetin in the feed to the crucian bodily form
| Body weight/body is long | Internal organ weight/body weight | Liver pancreas/body weight | Spleen weight/body weight | |
| Blank | 4.98±0.51 a | 14.13±0.18 a | 6.9±0.09 a | 0.29±0.03 a |
| Add the chloro dimethylthetin | 4.28±0.42 b | 11.79±0.21 b | 5.53±0.1 b | 0.25±0.05a b |
| The 200mg/Kg group | ||||
| Add chloro dimethylthetin 400mg/Kg group | 4.34±0.37 ab | 12.79±0.25 ab | 4.43±0.1 c | 0.18±0.03 b |
Contain two methylthio groups in the chloro dimethylthetin, it is the most effective methyl donor of aquatic animal, to promoting that lipid metabolism has certain help, therefore help the raising that the crucian bodily form improves (more approach natural cultured product, the bodily form is elongated relatively) and edible ratio percentage of liveweight ratios such as (descend) internal organ.
Interpolation chloro dimethylthetin sees Table six to the improvement effect of crucian amynologic index in the feed.
Table six: add of the improvement effect of chloro dimethylthetin in the feed to the crucian amynologic index
| Serum LSZ | SOD in serum | Serum GPT | |
| Blank | 0.236±0.018 a | 181.52±11.66 a | 92.69±1.33 a |
| Add chloro dimethylthetin 200mg/Kg group | 0.255±0.026 b | 189.12±25.15 ab | 53.63±4.42 b |
| Add chloro dimethylthetin 400mg/Kg group | 0.264±0.028 bc | 193.76±1 3.9 b | 34.11±4.86 cd |
Add the chloro dimethylthetin in the feed and all improved serum LSZ and SOD in serum to a certain extent; show that adding the chloro dimethylthetin helps to improve the immunologic function of crucian; serum GPT significantly descends after adding the chloro dimethylthetin; this shows in the feed and to add the chloro dimethylthetin aquatic animal liver pancreatic functions that is highly advantageous to that suitable provide protection is arranged.
Interpolation chloro dimethylthetin sees Table seven to the effect of amynologic index before and after the crucian transportation in the feed.
Table seven: add of the effect of chloro dimethylthetin in the feed to amynologic index before and after the crucian transportation
| Serum LSZ | SOD in serum | |||||
| Before the transportation | After the transportation | Raise | Before the transportation | After the transportation | Reduce | |
| Blank | 0.236±0.018 | 0.337±0.028 | 42.8％ | 181.52±11.66 | 89.93±0.91 | 50.46％ |
| The 200mg/Kg group | 0.255±0.026 | 0.291±0.018 | 14.1％ | 189.12±25.15 | 101.58±17.38 | 46.29％ |
| The 400mg/Kg group | 0.264±0.028 | 0.429±0.078 | 62.5％ | 193.76±13.9 | 68.98±10.35 | 64.40％ |
| Serum GPT | ||||||
| Before the transportation | After the transportation | Raise | ||||
| Blank | 92.69±1.33 | 243±74.25 | 162.2％ |
| The 10mg/Kg group | 53.63±4.42 | 126.44±8.4 | 135.7％ |
| The 10mg/Kg group | 34.11±4.86 | 92.58±24.55 | 134.4％ |
Crucian is behind transport stress, serum LSZ raises, but the serum LSZ rising ratio of adding 200mg/Kg chloro dimethylthetin group will be lower than contrast, same serum GPT is behind transport stress, all be greatly increased, this may with the transportation to the fish body cause to a certain degree damage relevant, but the ratio of adding the rising of 200mg/Kg chloro dimethylthetin group will be lower than contrast, can analyze from top experimental data, add 200mg/Kg chloro dimethylthetin in the feed and help alleviating the damage that transport stress causes the fish body, the negative interaction that stress cause is had certain restraining effect.
In sum; the chloro dimethylthetin not only helps improving the food calling effect; but also to a certain extent fish there is growth promoting function; and help improving the bodily form of fish; improve the edible portion ratio; the liver pancreas there is stronger provide protection; helping immunologic function simultaneously improves; alleviate the damage that transport stress causes fish; therefore the chloro dimethylthetin is a kind of novel multifunctional nutritional additive, and it is low to produce the raw materials cost of this compound, and the preparation method is simple; easy to operate, be fit to large-scale production and widely popularize application.
Claims (2)
1, the purposes of chloro dimethylthetin is characterized in that, it fish with the application in lipid metabolism promotor and the liver protectant and it fish with the application in the anti-transport stress additive.
2, the purposes of chloro dimethylthetin according to claim 1 is characterized in that, addition in fish meal is: 150～250mg/Kg feed with lipid metabolism promotor and liver protectant as fish for it; It as fish with the addition of anti-transport stress additive in fish meal is: 150～250mg/Kg feed.
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| CN101411404B (en) * | 2008-11-19 | 2011-11-09 | 广州市科虎生物技术研究开发中心 | Process for synthesizing novel high-efficient feeding promoting agent for fish and prawn |
| CN111869800A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-03 | 四川农业大学 | Grass carp regulator and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0245460A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-15 | Kenji Nakajima | Feeding-stimulating substance for shellfish and feed |
| JPH0327231A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-02-05 | Kenji Nakajima | Fishing bait and production thereof |
| JPH045588A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-01-09 | Seiko Instr Inc | Squid fluxmeter provided with coil for calibration |
| US5139791A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1992-08-18 | Kenji Nakajima | Feeding stimulators for fishes and shellfishes, and feed |
| US5823142A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-10-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Process for determining excitants, attractants, stimulants and incitants for members of the class crustacea; method for exciting and/or attracting and/or stimulating and/or inciting members of the class crustacea and feeding compositions |
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- 2005-05-20 CN CNB200510034666XA patent/CN1331850C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5139791A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1992-08-18 | Kenji Nakajima | Feeding stimulators for fishes and shellfishes, and feed |
| JPH0245460A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-15 | Kenji Nakajima | Feeding-stimulating substance for shellfish and feed |
| JPH0327231A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1991-02-05 | Kenji Nakajima | Fishing bait and production thereof |
| JPH045588A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-01-09 | Seiko Instr Inc | Squid fluxmeter provided with coil for calibration |
| US5823142A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1998-10-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Process for determining excitants, attractants, stimulants and incitants for members of the class crustacea; method for exciting and/or attracting and/or stimulating and/or inciting members of the class crustacea and feeding compositions |
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Application publication date: 20051214 Assignee: Guangzhou Feixite Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Contract record no.: 2012440000441 Denomination of invention: Chlorodimethyl thetin and its prepn process and use Granted publication date: 20070815 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20120809 |
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Application publication date: 20051214 Assignee: Guangzhou Feixite Aquatic Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Contract record no.: 2012440000441 Denomination of invention: Chlorodimethyl thetin and its prepn process and use Granted publication date: 20070815 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20120809 |
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