CN1327925C - 旋涡溢流管位置可调的旋流式流体分离器 - Google Patents

旋涡溢流管位置可调的旋流式流体分离器 Download PDF

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CN1327925C
CN1327925C CNB038096250A CN03809625A CN1327925C CN 1327925 C CN1327925 C CN 1327925C CN B038096250 A CNB038096250 A CN B038096250A CN 03809625 A CN03809625 A CN 03809625A CN 1327925 C CN1327925 C CN 1327925C
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fluid
vortex finder
envelope
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tubular
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CN1688372A (zh
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马尔科·贝廷
科内利斯·A·琴克·威林克
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Twister BV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
    • B01D5/0021—Vortex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/02—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B04C2005/133—Adjustable vortex finder

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于从流体混合物中分离一种或多种可冷凝成分，例如水、和/或固体，例如烟尘或砂粒，的旋流式流体分离器，具有一个带有一个流体进口部分的管状外壳(1)，在该流体进口部分中流体混合物被加速至超声速并且从而进行膨胀和冷却从而使得可冷凝成分液化和/或凝固、一个或多个用于引导冷却的流体混合物使其在管状外壳的中央部分(8)里旋转的翼(9)、一个其中可移动地布置有一个管状旋涡溢流管(2)的流体分离部分、一个连接至锥形管状旋涡溢流管(2)周围的环形空间的可冷凝浓缩流体出口(18)以及一个连接至锥形管状旋涡溢流管(2)内部的可冷凝贫化流体出口(16)。旋涡溢流管可在外壳里在径向和/或纵向上移动以使旋涡溢流管的入口(14)对准旋转流体的旋转中心(13)，由于翼(9)引起的径向流体位移的结果，旋转流体的旋转中心可以与管状外壳的中心轴线(3)并不对准并且/或者绕着该中心轴线螺旋形转动。

Description

旋涡溢流管位置可调的旋流式流体分离器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种旋流式流体分离器，其装备有一个旋涡溢流管。
背景技术
这样的一种流体分离器可从欧洲专利申请0496128和国际专利申请WO99/01194中了解。
从这些现有技术参考资料中已知的旋流式流体分离器包括一个具有一个喷嘴的流体进口部分，在该喷嘴中流体混合物被加速至超声速并且从而扩展并冷却至远低于0摄氏度的温度以使得一个或多个可冷凝成分，例如水和烃冷凝物，冷凝和/或凝固。一个或多个翼将冷却的流体混合物引导至在管状分离器外壳的中央部分里作为超声速旋流式旋涡而旋转从而离心力在分离器外壳的外周边形成可冷凝的浓缩流体混合物并且在分离器外壳中心轴线附近形成可冷凝的贫化流体混合物。旋转的流体混合物流入一个分离部分中，在该分离部分中同心地布置有一个管状旋涡溢流管，其布置方式使得可冷凝的贫化流体混合物流入管状旋涡溢流管而可冷凝的浓缩流体混合物流入管状旋涡外壳的外表面之间的环形空间。
已知的旋流式流体分离器可以从流体混合物中分离出大部分的可冷凝成分，而本发明的目的是进一步提高旋流式流体分离器的分离效率。
发明内容
根据本发明的旋流式流体分离器包括一个管状外壳，该管状外壳具有一个包括有一个喷嘴的流体进口部分，该喷嘴用于将流体混合物加速至超声速以对流体混合物进行扩展和冷却从而使得一个或多个可冷凝成分液化和/或固化、一个或多个安装在管状外壳的中央部分内的翼，用于引导冷却的流体混合物使其在管状外壳的中央部分里旋转、一个分离部分，其位于中央部分的下游并且在其中布置有一个管状旋涡溢流管、一个可冷凝浓缩流体出口，其连接至位于管状旋涡溢流管外表面和管状外壳内表面之间的环形空间、以及一个连接至管状旋涡溢流管内部的可冷凝贫化流体出口，按照本发明，管状旋涡溢流管可相对于管状外壳的中心轴线在径向和/或纵向上移动。
已经发现，旋转流体旋涡的旋转中心通常相对于管状分离器外壳的中心轴线轻微地偏心并且偏心率与引导流体使其在外壳中旋转的翼的位置和尺寸有关。可移动旋涡溢流管的使用使得可以将旋涡溢流管定位为与旋转流体旋涡的旋转中心同心，旋转流体旋涡的中心可能与管状分离器外壳的中心轴线偏心。
优选地，管状外壳是可弯的以使得旋涡溢流管可相对于管状外壳进口部分的中心轴线的方向在径向上移动，由于管状外壳的弯曲其中心轴线也会弯曲。
优选地，一个或多个用于引导流体使其在管状外壳的中央部分内旋转的翼安装在一个载体上，该载体与管状外壳中央部分的中心轴线同轴并且可相对于其转动。载体可以由一个形成管状外壳中央部分的一部分并且可相对于管状外壳的其它部分旋转的套筒构成。
管状旋涡溢流管可以是锥形的从而使得管状旋涡溢流管的内部在下游方向上具有逐渐增大的横截面面积。
附图说明
以下将参考附图对根据本发明的旋流式分离器的优选具体实施例进行更详细地描述，附图中：
图1是根据本发明的一个旋流式分离器的纵剖面示意图，其中一个旋涡溢流管可移动地布置于分离器外壳中；
图2是根据本发明的一个旋流式分离器的纵剖面示意图，其中分离器外壳可以相对于旋涡溢流管移动；以及
图3是根据本发明的一个旋流式分离器的纵剖面示意图，其中分离器外壳是可弯曲的。
具体实施方式
参考图1，其中示出了一个具有一个管状外壳1的旋流式分离器，一个管状旋涡溢流管2可移动地布置于该管状外壳1中，其放置方式使得旋涡溢流管2可以相对于管状外壳的中心轴线3在如箭头4所示的纵向和如箭头5所示的径向上移动。
分离器还包括一个流体进口部分6，其中布置有一个拉伐尔(Laval)型喷嘴7，在该喷嘴中流体混合物加速至超声速并且从而膨胀并冷却至远低于0摄氏度的温度。
然后冷却流体从喷嘴7以超声速流入外壳的中央部分8，在该中央部分中布置有一个相对于附图平面呈一个选定角度朝向的倾斜翼9。倾斜翼9引导流体并使其在管状外壳1里旋转。倾斜翼9安装在套筒10上，套筒10构成外壳1的一部分并且可相对于外壳的其它部分如图中所示的箭头11那样旋转。
由于翼9的容积以及靠近翼9和翼端12的流体扰动，流体通常会绕着一个旋转中心13旋转，该旋转中心13相对于管状外壳1的中心轴线3是偏心的。旋涡的旋转中心13可以自身旋转成一个相对于中心轴线3的螺旋线(未示出)。
翼9在可旋转套筒10上的布置以及旋涡溢流管2在外壳1内可旋转的布置使得旋涡溢流管2可以准确定位，从而使得旋涡溢流管2的入口14与旋涡的旋转中心13同心。
对于所示可调旋涡溢流管2和可转动翼9的布置的实验表明，这样的布置将可冷凝贫化流体和可冷凝浓缩流体的分离效率提高了超过10％。
可调旋涡溢流管2和/或可转动翼9可以由连接至流体成分和/或密度传感器的自动定位控制系统进行控制，传感器对通过管状旋涡溢流管2的内部15流进可冷凝贫化流体出口16的可冷凝贫化流体以及通过旋涡溢流管2周围的环形空间17流进可冷凝浓缩流体出口18的可冷凝浓缩流体的成分和/或密度进行检测。
在图2和图3中，相同的附图标记用于表示和图1所示以及参考图1进行描述的部件相同的部件。
在图2中，管状外壳1相对于一个固定的旋涡溢流管2可径向和/或轴向地移动，如箭头20和21所示，从而将由翼9引起的旋涡的旋转中心13导向入旋涡溢流管2的入口14的中心。
在图3中，管状外壳的尾端可以如箭头30所示那样弯曲从而将由翼9引起的旋涡的旋转中心导向入旋涡溢流管2的入口中心。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于从流体混合物中分离一种或多种可冷凝成分和/或固体的旋流式流体分离器，该分离器包括一个管状外壳，该管状外壳包括：
一个包括有一个喷嘴的流体进口部分，该喷嘴用于将流体混合物加速至超声速以对流体混合物进行膨胀和冷却从而使得一个或多个可冷凝成分液化和/或固化；
一个或多个安装在管状外壳的中央部分内的翼，用于引导冷却的流体混合物使其在管状外壳的中央部分内旋转；
一个分离部分，其位于中央部分的下游并且在其中布置有一个管状旋涡溢流管，其布置方式使得管状旋涡溢流管可相对于管状外壳的至少一部分移动；
一个可冷凝浓缩流体出口，其连接至位于管状旋涡溢流管外表面和管状外壳内表面之间的环形空间；
一个可冷凝贫化流体出口，其连接至管状旋涡溢流管的内部，其特征在于管状旋涡溢流管可相对于管状外壳的中心轴线在纵向和径向上移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的旋流式流体分离器，其特征在于管状外壳是可弯曲以使得旋涡溢流管可相对于管状外壳进口部分的中心轴线的方向在径向上移动，由于管状外壳弯曲其中心轴线也是弯曲的。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的旋流式流体分离器，其特征在于一个或多个用于引导流体使其在管状外壳的中央部分里旋转的翼安装在一个载体上，该载体与管状外壳中央部分的中心轴线同轴并且可相对于其转动。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的旋流式流体分离器，其特征在于管状旋涡溢流管是锥形的从而使得管状旋涡溢流管的内部在下游方向上具有逐渐增大的横截面面积。
CNB038096250A 2002-04-29 2003-04-29 旋涡溢流管位置可调的旋流式流体分离器 Expired - Lifetime CN1327925C (zh)

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AU2003264846A1 (en) 2003-11-17
EA006829B1 (ru) 2006-04-28
ATE376867T1 (de) 2007-11-15
NO329123B1 (no) 2010-08-30
US20050172815A1 (en) 2005-08-11
CA2484297A1 (en) 2003-11-13
NO20045190L (no) 2004-11-26
DE60317184D1 (de) 2007-12-13
EP1499409B1 (en) 2007-10-31
MXPA04010538A (es) 2005-01-25
WO2003092850A1 (en) 2003-11-13
DE60317184T2 (de) 2008-02-28
US7318849B2 (en) 2008-01-15
AU2003264846B2 (en) 2008-05-08
EP1499409A1 (en) 2005-01-26
EA200401441A1 (ru) 2005-10-27
CA2484297C (en) 2010-06-15
CN1688372A (zh) 2005-10-26

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