Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of utilizing agricultural byproducts and food industry distillers grains and dregs to produce protein feedstuff with high activity.Under the prerequisite that cost allows, optimize the raw material proportioning, make full use of resource, be lower than imported fish meal though reach the essential amino acids content or the amino acid content that are close with imported fish meal, but on biologically active, be far superior to fish meal, by the effective more barms of screening, carry out the optimum organization of composite bacteria, thereby make the bioavailability of raw material reach maximization simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of utilizing agricultural byproducts and food industry distillers grains and dregs to produce protein feedstuff with high activity comprises:
(1) preparation of liquid spawn
(1) slant strains: prepare culture medium with following percentage by weight raw material: potato 15-20%, glucose 1-2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, sodium chloride 0.5%; Add the 1.6-2% agar powder when making the inclined-plane in addition;
(2) select for use following microorganism fungus kind as the bacterium source: bacterial classification 1: Candida lipolytica, bacterial classification 2: candida utili, bacterial classification 3: permitted prosperous yeast; Bacterial classification 4: candida tropicalis.
(3) above-mentioned bacterial classification is seeded to the inclined-plane respectively, in biochemical incubator, cultivates after 24-72 hour and enter fermentation tank culture 24-72 hour, cultivation temperature 28-32 ℃, the preparation liquid spawn;
(2) raw material preparation:
(1) takes by weighing the raw material that following percentage by weight is formed: corn protein powder 5-45%, vermicelli protein powder 10-35%, wheat bran 5-35%, residue of monosodium glutamate 10-40%, beer slag 0-40%, lysine slag 5-30%;
(2) mix above-mentioned raw materials, add water and carry out the raw material slaking, the ratio of amount of water and solid material is 1: 0.6-1.2.
(3) preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
(1) with the raw materials by weight after the slaking be: bacterial classification 1: 0-50%, bacterial classification 2: 5-50%, bacterial classification 3: 0-85%, the ratio of bacterial classification 4: 10-60% is inoculated.
The liquid-spawn inoculation amount accounts for the 10-20% of solid material dry weight, carries out solid fermentation;
(2) treat that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface after, stir once, the solid fermentation time is 24-36 hour, dries, pulverizes, measures back packing after finishing.
It is primary raw material that the present invention has adopted recovery of protein from vermicelli waste liquid and cornstarch factory to reclaim albumen, utilize the amino acid whose complementarity that exists between various agricultural byproducts and the food industry distillers grains and dregs raw material, by computer optimization batching, make product on amino acid is formed near imported fish meal or a little less than fish meal; Adopt multiple bacterial classification and optimum organization to ferment, utilize the collaborative short relation of giving birth between each bacterial classification, starch, fat, protein in the raw material are farthest assimilated, thereby improve the utilization rate of vegetable protein, make its biological effectiveness near imported fish meal; Seed selection can have only the high vigor barms of 24h to be Candida lipolytica, candida utili, to be permitted prosperous yeast and candida tropicalis at 40-50 ℃ of following normal growth and fermentation period, makes full use of selected raw material, the forced fermentation effect; Adopt liquid fermentation to produce bacterial classification and the solid fermentation technology that combines that manufactures a finished product, reduced production cost, shortened the production cycle.
The protein feedstuff with high activity of the present invention's preparation shows that through animal experiment product is to pig, prawn, and the palatability of soft-shelled turtle is fine.The viable count of product is higher, and every gram dry reaches 4,000,000,000.The lysine content of product reaches 2.0-4.6%, methionine content reaches 0.6-1.8%, compares the effective component content height with present existing protein feed, and every physical and chemical index all near in addition be better than imported fish meal, the ratio of alternative imported fish meal is up to 50-90%.Therefore the product of the present invention's preparation not only can substitute imported fish meal, reduces production costs, and also can maximally utilise agricultural resource simultaneously, with food industry distillers grains and dregs such as starch wastewater etc., thereby alleviates environmental pressure.
The specific embodiment
The present invention adopts liquid fermentation to produce bacterial classification and the production method that solid fermentation manufactures a finished product and combines, and comprises following process flow steps successively:
The preparation culture medium is made into the inclined-plane.With bacterial classification 1, bacterial classification 2, bacterial classification 3, bacterial classification 4 is seeded to the inclined-plane respectively, places biochemical incubator to cultivate 24-72 hour.The obtaining liq culture medium is inoculated 4 bacterial strains respectively, places constant temperature oscillator to cultivate 24-72 hour.
By the formulated raw material, mix, the water addition ratio example is: water: the raw material dry weight is 1: 0.6-1.2, high-temperature sterilization 20-30 minute.Cooling back is inoculated 4 bacterial strains in proportion under temperature 28-32 ℃, begin fermentation subsequently, treat that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface after, stir once, the semi-finished product that fermentation was finished solid fermentation in 24-36 hour are pulverized behind airflow drying, measure at last, pack.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of liquid spawn:
Slant strains: with potato 200 grams, glucose 20 grams, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5 grams, sodium chloride 5 grams are made into 1000 milliliters of liquid culture mediums, and other adds 16 gram agar powders and is made into slant medium;
Select bacterial classification 1 for use, bacterial classification 2, bacterial classification 3, bacterial classification 4 each a little is seeded to the inclined-plane respectively, cultivates in biochemical incubator after 24-72 hour, be seeded to 500 ml shake flasks respectively and cultivate after 24-72 hour, enter 5 liters of fermentation tank culture 24-72 hours, till meeting the requirements of the bacterial classification amount.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 100 kilograms of corn protein powders, 350 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 150 kilograms in wheat bran, 100 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 100 kilograms of the beer slags, 200 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 1000 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:20 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:35 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:20 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:25 kilogram respectively and carry out solid fermentation under 30 ℃ of temperature; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 30 hours.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of bacterial classification is with embodiment 1.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 200 kilograms of corn protein powders, 200 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 150 kilograms in wheat bran, 200 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 100 kilograms of the beer slags, 150 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 800 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:50 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:25 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:15 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:10 kilogram respectively, under 28 ℃ of temperature, carry out solid fermentation; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 30 hours.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of bacterial classification is with embodiment 1.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 300 kilograms of corn protein powders, 100 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 100 kilograms in wheat bran, 300 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 100 kilograms of the beer slags, 100 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 1000 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:5 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:35 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:50 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:10 kilogram respectively, under 32 ℃ of temperature, carry out solid fermentation; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 32 hours.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation of bacterial classification is with embodiment 1.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 50 kilograms of corn protein powders, 100 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 100 kilograms in wheat bran, 50 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 400 kilograms of the beer slags, 300 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 1200 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:10 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:50 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:0 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:40 kilogram respectively, under 28 ℃ of temperature, carry out solid fermentation; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 36 hours.
Embodiment 5:
The preparation of bacterial classification is with embodiment 1.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 450 kilograms of corn protein powders, 100 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 150 kilograms in wheat bran, 200 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 50 kilograms of the beer slags, 50 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 1200 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:0 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:30 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:10 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:60 kilogram respectively, under 32 ℃ of temperature, carry out solid fermentation; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 30 hours.
Embodiment 6:
The preparation of bacterial classification is with embodiment 1.
The raw material preparation:
Take by weighing raw material: 400 kilograms of corn protein powders, 150 kilograms in vermicelli protein powder, 150 kilograms in wheat bran, 200 kilograms of residue of monosodium glutamate mix above-mentioned raw materials behind 50 kilograms of the beer slags, 50 kilograms of lysine slags, add water and carry out the raw material slaking for 1000 kilograms;
The preparation of protein feedstuff with high activity:
Raw material after the slaking in 1000 kilograms of dry weights, is inoculated bacterial classification 1:0 kilogram, bacterial classification 2:5 kilogram, bacterial classification 3:85 kilogram, bacterial classification 4:10 kilogram respectively, under 35 ℃ of temperature, carry out solid fermentation; After treating that white hypha is covered with whole raw material surface, stir once, ferment and dry, pulverize, measure the back packing after 30 hours.
The product of the present invention that embodiment 1 is prepared detects, and compares with the physical and chemical index of peru fish meal, is listed as follows:
Index name |
Peru fish meal |
Product of the present invention |
Crude protein |
62.3% |
45.0-62.5% |
Lysine |
4.72% |
1.8-4.6% |
Methionine |
1.64% |
0.6-1.8% |
Arginine |
3.57% |
2.0-2.6% |
Histidine |
1.71% |
0.7-1.2% |
Isoleucine |
2.68% |
3.5-3.8% |
Leucine |
4.80% |
3.8-4.2% |
Tyrosine |
2.57% |
1.3-1.4% |
Valine |
3.17% |
2.5-2.8% |
Phenylalanine |
2.35% |
1.9-2.1% |
Threonine |
2.57% |
2.0-2.3% |
Amylase |
0 |
1000--3200U/g |
Protease |
0 |
1000-3500U/g |
Salmonella |
Positive |
Negative |