CN1327018C - 用于涂覆受流体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金 - Google Patents
用于涂覆受流体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title description 2
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NKRHXEKCTWWDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [W].[Cr].[Co] NKRHXEKCTWWDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3046—Co as the principal constituent
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/053—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 30% but less than 40%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
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- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于涂覆受流体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金,其包括铬28—32重量%、钨6—8重量%、硅0.1—2重量%、碳1.2—1.7重量%、镍3—6重量%、钼1—3重量%、补足到100%的钴。本发明还涉及一种在受流体腐蚀的元件特别是汽轮机叶片上涂覆该合金的方法以在受液体冲击后降低金属腐蚀速率。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于涂覆受流体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金。
本发明特别涉及一种适用于涂覆受流体腐蚀的元件如汽轮机叶片的粉末状钴基合金和相关的涂覆方法以提高其耐液滴冲击引起的腐蚀性。
已知在汽轮机中为了在简单循环和联合循环中获得最高的输出功率,凝结压(condensation pressure)值必须尽可能地低。
在这些操作条件下,该低压转子叶片经受不同的化学和物理应力,因此经受由蒸汽流中存在的大量水滴和叶片的高峰值速率共同引起的腐蚀过程。
这种由于在长期运行条件下液体的反复冲击而出现的汽轮机组件的腐蚀现象,已经成为研究课题并且被记载在Wear,M.Lesser 1995年,28-34页中。
为了避免由这些腐蚀现象引起的缺陷,从设计的角度考虑,通过增加定子和转子之间的轴向间距或者通过由设置在定子叶片上的孔或气缝从叶片排之间抽取湿气以尝试解决该问题。
由于引起汽轮机性能的降低,所以这些补救措施证明并不特别适于解决该问题。
通过研究可降低由冲击流体分离引起的金属腐蚀速度的新型涂层材料来试图延长汽轮机叶片的平均工作寿命(F.J.Heymann,ASM手册,第18卷,221页)。
到目前为止,通过对叶片的金属表面采取特殊的处理,如感应或局部火焰淬火,通过钨铬钴合金板钎焊或通过工具钢或通过焊接施加的硬质涂层来实现这个领域中的改进。
为了评价耐腐蚀性,根据在文献诸如出版物“低压汽轮机叶片的耐腐蚀涂覆,Euromat 99”中已经描述过的内容,现有技术的涂覆材料大致细分为两类:碳化物和其中包括钨铬钴合金6的金属材料。
选择离子渗氮以及使用氮化钛和氮化铬或氮化锆的PVD涂覆技术,来进行表面处理。
经过离子渗氮处理的叶片,然后连续涂覆2层PVD涂层,一层是氮化钛层,其后的一层为氮化锆或氮化铬涂层。
所有PVD涂层具有大约3-4μm的厚度。其涂层试验显示出样品的涂层不连续性并且认为其表现不令人满意。
SEM试验揭示出该PVD涂层对抗冲击腐蚀的能力不足,而由于结构中存在的微裂痕和氮化物箔(foil nitrides)导致该氮化物层受到损害。
然后用HVOF(Triballoy 800)测试了得到的具有金属涂层的叶片。
作为对抗流体腐蚀的涂覆材料,Triballoy 800合金的表现证明不够。
根据所实现的试验中获得的迹象,事实上,可以为:这些金属合金涂层在限制侵蚀现象方面,甚至与未涂覆的基材表面一样无效。
Triballoy 800合金部分的表现通过剥离试验(测试的所有这些涂层都未通过这个试验)的结果以及通过揭示出涂层中存在大量微裂痕的SEM显微观测而证实。实际上,这些涂层的微观结构具有高的氧含量和明显的孔隙,这使其不适用于抵抗流体腐蚀。
然后对用HVOF测试得到的具有金属涂层(钨铬钴合金6)的叶片。
虽然钨铬钴合金以作为适于涂覆的材料著称,但通过HVOF涂覆时,它们表现出所有的局限性。实际上,显微分析表明,在氧化物薄膜中也包覆了少量颗粒。
通过SEM揭示的表面形貌也可以证实这个事实,其显示材料特别容易沿着这些颗粒脱离或者剥落。
然后测试了用HVOF和SD-Gun TM碳化物涂层处理的叶片。
用这些类型的涂层获得的结果在某些情况下比得上或者更优于用淬火基材(WC-10Co-4CrSD-Gun TM和88 WC-12Co HVOF)获得的结果。
可以通过涂层的粘性降低和已知的固有脆性(由于存在碳化铬)来解释性能被证实不能令人满意的情况。
反之亦然,依据所用的涂覆方法,提供较好结果的已知技术涂层由碳化钨与钴或铬-钴基质构成。
具有良好耐腐蚀性的涂层的特征在于,材料仅在样品一小部分上脱离,而这个现象在抵抗性能不令人满意的材料上将扩散到大得多的表面上。
可以通过考虑表面形貌来解释这种不同的表现。
当表面涂层在材料损失后开始失去其构造时,该液/固相互作用特别复杂。这种情况下,引发腐蚀现象的推动力或者冲击压力,很大程度上受到与落到顶点(斜面)上的液滴最初接触的点的影响,并相对于落入时坑的液滴形成较低的局部压力。
如果为基材,表面造成的低抵抗性导致该材料几乎全部均匀地沿测试所涉及的整个区域剥离。
可以通过涂层在金属基底上的粘附力降低和众所周知的固有脆性(由于存在碳化铬)来解释已知技术中大多数涂层不能令人满意的性能。
反之亦然,依据所用的涂覆方法,这些提供改善结果的已知技术涂层由钴、铬-钴基体与碳化钨组成。
通常,用HVOF得到的涂层性能随着碳化钨含量的增加而提高。实际上,88WC-12Co涂层的显微形貌与83WC-17Co相比更均匀。另一方面,通过SD-GunTM或者HVOF方式涂覆的相同材料(WC10Co-4Cr)的性能差异非常明显。前者的结果是令人鼓舞的,而后者的结果是不能令人满意的。
这证实:目前,喷涂方法对获得涂层的某些性能具有特别的重要性。
然而,到目前为止,已知技术为提高硬度而进行的热处理由于过度的脆性导致在耐腐蚀性方面的提高降低。
已证实,在以热喷涂方式形成涂层的情况下,评价耐液体腐蚀性的一个重要参数为耐粘性。低的值直接表明该涂层不合适。耐腐蚀性的另外要求是涂层微观结构的质量优良。
因此,这时感到有必要具有新类型的涂层或新的易受侵蚀元件如汽轮机组件的处理方式,它们可以有效降低由液体冲击而剥落导致的金属腐蚀速率。
因此,本发明的一个总的目的在于提供一种用于涂覆汽轮机组件的合金,该合金对由液体冲击引起的金属腐蚀现象有高的抗性。
本发明的另一个的目的在于提供一种处理受腐蚀的金属元件特别是汽轮机叶片的表面的方法,该方法有效增加所涂覆涂层的抗粘性。
最后的但不是最不重要的目的在于提供一种合金和用于涂覆汽轮机叶片的方法,该合金易于制造并且生产成本不高。
现在,已令人惊讶地发现,可以通过在所述组件的金属表面上涂覆组成上富含钨并进行了适当选择的钴基合金而获得一种用于经受腐蚀的汽轮机组件的涂层。
根据本发明的合金为钨铬钴或者Haynes类合金,这类合金指的是这样的材料,该材料属于基于钴、铬和钨的,耐蚀耐磨的非铁硬质合金。
特别地,本申请人现已确认一种特别适用于汽轮机组件涂层的合金组成,包括:
铬 28-32重量%
钨 6-8重量%
硅 0.1-2重量%
碳 1.2-1.7重量%
镍 3-6重量%
钼 1-3重量%
钴 补足到100%
根据一个实施方案,本发明的合金还可以包括铁0-1重量%,锰0-1重量%和数量为0-0.5重量%的其它元素。
本发明的合金具有最优化选择的化学组成以强化当诸如汽轮机组件受到腐蚀时抗液体腐蚀的特性。已证实以粉末形状应用的本发明的合金组合物是有利的,这可以在汽轮机组件上形成一层涂覆层,该层具有高的耐由液体颗粒冲击引起的机械应力。
特别是,通过具体的测试已观测到,已知技术中使用的其它材料的抵抗值,使用本发明的合金可以制备这样的涂层,其抗液体冲击腐蚀性提高了一个数量级(例如,相对于常规硬化材料的180,000次冲击,其为2,100,000次冲击)。
还已观测到,相对于使用已知类型的钨铬钴合金组合物,向汽轮机叶片表面涂覆本发明合金导致未预料到的较高耐腐蚀性。
本发明的合金具有选定量的不同元素,其决定当涂覆到汽轮机组件表面时合金的耐液体腐蚀性能。
特别是,最优化并平衡组成中的碳含量以形成具有合适化学计量比的碳化物,选择铬含量和高的钨和钼含量以获得大大强化的固溶体并获得具有合适化学计量比的碳化物的最大沉淀值。而且,本发明的合金组分具有高的镍含量,优选为3.5-5.5%,以提高该合金的延展性和该涂覆层的耐性。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种受腐蚀元件特别是汽轮机组件的处理方法,包括将前述钴基合金涂覆到所述元件或者汽轮机组件的表面以形成一层抗腐蚀涂覆层。
根据一个优选的实施方案,该涂层涂覆到诸如叶片、转子、定子、汽轮机板这样的受腐蚀元件上是通过激光镀的方式实现的,有利的是使用CO2激光器或者钇铝石榴石激光器。
实际上,本发明的合金适用于激光镀,其包括位于受腐蚀的金属元件表面上的一个或者多个通道以形成一层或者多层涂覆层。
根据一个实施方案,要经受本发明抗腐蚀处理的金属材料可以被预热,然后通过激光熔覆镀覆。
从附图中可以看出:根据本发明的方法处理的汽轮机组件和未镀或者用已知技术产品镀覆的金属组件之间的性能差异明显,其中:
该图说明的曲线图是关于4个金属样品的对比液体腐蚀试验。
特别是,该附图说明的曲线图以冲击数为横坐标,以受液滴冲击后的体积损失为纵坐标。
该图总结了由一个0.13mm喷嘴喷射的液滴对四个测试样品进行腐蚀的结果,这四个测试样品由马氏体不锈钢、马氏体不锈钢但经等温淬火(MT)处理、整体的钨铬钴合金和根据实施例1,涂有通过激光镀本发明的合金而制备的涂层的不锈钢组成。
该图说明:相对于已知技术的样品,根据本发明处理的样品的耐液滴腐蚀性提高。
一旦将根据本发明的涂覆材料涂覆到汽轮机组件的金属表面,其就具有高的耐粘附性。
用本发明的方法制备的涂层的高抵抗性能还由其微观结构形貌证明。
实际上,已观测到,通过激光技术制备的涂层的结构非常薄,即使在汽轮机长期运行后也会降低由于沿碳化物键破裂造成的本该发生的材料脱落。
而且,根据本发明的方法涂覆的涂层合金在长期而重复的应力后,只在样品缩小的部分上易于分离;而当该涂层由已知技术的材料制得时,这个现象涉及宽得多的表面积。
因此,应用激光工艺能够制备对由液体冲击引起的分离导致的腐蚀性具有高抵抗力的涂层,将该基材的更换降低到最小程度。使用激光工艺还可以在略低于恢复温度的温度下实现降低应力的处理,这样可以避免任何可能的对抗张强度的负面作用。
下面的实施例仅供说明本发明,决不应认为是对根据所附权利要求书的保护范围的限制。
实施例1
以粉末状使用的、用于涂覆机械汽轮机组件的组合物具有以下配方:
Cr | 30% |
W | 7% |
Si | 1% |
C | 1.5% |
Ni | 4.5% |
Fe | <0.3% |
Mn | <0.3% |
Co | 53.4% |
Mo | 1.8% |
其它元素 | 0.25% |
通过钇铝石榴石激光镀(激光涂覆)将该粉末涂覆到不锈钢汽轮机叶片上,形成厚度为约1.2mm的层。
实施例2
下面的表格说明根据本发明的粉末状组合物的不同的配方。
元素 | 组合物1 | 组合物2 | 组合物3 |
Cr | 28% | 31.5% | 30% |
W | 6.1% | 7.5% | 7% |
Si | 0.2% | 1.8% | 1% |
C | 1.3% | 1.6% | 1.5% |
Ni | 3.2% | 5.8% | 4.5% |
Fe | 0.01% | 0.9% | 0.5% |
Mn | 0.01% | 0.8% | 0.3% |
Mo | 1.1% | 2.9% | 2% |
Co | 余量 | 余量 | 余量 |
其它 | 0.01% | 0.005% | 0.05% |
Claims (8)
1.一种用于涂覆受液体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金,其中包括:
铬 28重量%
钨 6.1重量%
硅 0.2重量%
碳 1.3重量%
镍 3.2重量%
钼 1.1重量%
铁 0.01重量%
锰 0.01重量%
钴 补足到100重量%
2.一种用于涂覆受液体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金,其中包括:
Cr 31.5%
W 7.5%
Si 1.8%
C 1.6%
Ni 5.8%
Fe 0.9%
Mn 0.8%
Mo 2.9%
Co 余量
3.一种用于涂覆受液体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金,其中包括:
Cr 30%
W 7%
Si 1%
C 1.5%
Ni 4.5%
Fe 0.5%
Mn 0.3%
Mo 2%
Co 余量
4.一种用于涂覆受液体腐蚀的元件的钴基合金,其中包括:
Cr 30%
W 7%
Si 1%
C 1.5%
Ni 4.5%
Fe <0.3%
Mn <0.3%
Co 53.4%
Mo 1.8%
其它元素0.25%
5.一种受液体腐蚀的元件或者最终产品,其中包括一层防止液体腐蚀的表面涂层,该涂层包括一层根据权利要求1的合金涂层。
6.根据权利要求5的元件或者最终产品,其中该产品是一种汽轮机组件。
7.根据权利要求6的元件或者最终产品,其中该产品是汽轮机的叶片。
8.根据权利要求5的元件,其中所述表面涂层的厚度为0.1-5mm。
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IT002056A ITMI20022056A1 (it) | 2002-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | Lega a base cobalto per il rivestimento di organi soggetti ad erosione da liquido. |
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EP (1) | EP1403397B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4460252B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100836972B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1327018C (zh) |
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ITMI20022057A1 (it) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-03-28 | Nuovo Pignone Spa | Metodo per trattare organi soggetti ad erosione da liquidi e lega antierosione di rivestimento. |
EP1927670A1 (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-04 | General Electric Company | Wear resistant coatings |
US7364801B1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-04-29 | General Electric Company | Turbine component protected with environmental coating |
JP5367705B2 (ja) | 2008-06-23 | 2013-12-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 蒸気タービン及び蒸気タービン翼 |
JP5289275B2 (ja) | 2008-12-26 | 2013-09-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 蒸気タービン翼及び蒸気タービン翼の製造方法 |
CN102031515B (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-11 | 华中科技大学 | 一种缸套内壁激光合金化工艺 |
DE102011087665A1 (de) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | Lufthansa Technik Ag | Verfahren zur Reparatur einer variablen Leitschaufel und entsprechend reparierte Leitschaufel |
CN102423806A (zh) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-04-25 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | 一种细粒径钴基合金粉末的制备方法 |
EP2653587A1 (de) | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Strömungsmaschinenkomponente mit einer Funktionsbeschichtung |
US9291062B2 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2016-03-22 | General Electric Company | Methods of forming blades and method for rendering a blade resistant to erosion |
ITCO20130018A1 (it) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-18 | Nuovo Pignone Srl | Metodo per il trattamento di un componente per prevenire l'erosione di tale componente |
US20160115797A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-04-28 | General Electric Company | Coated article and method for producing coating |
ITUB20152136A1 (it) | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-13 | Nuovo Pignone Srl | Pala di turbomacchina con struttura protettiva, turbomacchina, e metodo per formare una struttura protettiva |
CN105861882B (zh) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-11-28 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种激光组合制造专用合金粉末及其在硬密封球阀中的应用 |
CN106956090A (zh) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-18 | 安徽再制造工程设计中心有限公司 | 喷焊用钴铬钨合金粉及其使用方法 |
CN107552999A (zh) * | 2017-08-19 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽鼎恒再制造产业技术研究院有限公司 | 一种堆焊用连铸铸棒及其焊接工艺 |
CN107322185A (zh) * | 2017-08-19 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽鼎恒再制造产业技术研究院有限公司 | 闸阀堆焊用连铸铸棒及其焊接工艺 |
CN108130529A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-08 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于超高速激光熔覆的颗粒增强镍基金属粉末 |
CN108273988A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-07-13 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于超高速率激光熔覆的镍基合金粉末 |
CN108130530A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-08 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 一种用于超高速激光熔覆的颗粒增强钴基金属粉末 |
IT201800003601A1 (it) | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-15 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | Lega metallica ad elevate prestazioni per la produzione additiva di componenti di macchine/high-performance metal alloy for additive manufacturing of machine components |
CN108546946A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-18 | 燕山大学 | 一种重型钎杆的激光强化方法 |
JP2019112723A (ja) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-07-11 | ヌオーヴォ ピニォーネ ソチエタ レスポンサビリタ リミタータNuovo Pignone S.R.L. | 構成部品の浸食を防止するために当該構成部品を処理するための方法 |
CN110747465B (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-11-16 | 上海大陆天瑞激光表面工程有限公司 | 一种热轧退火炉炉底辊的激光制造方法 |
DE102021106606A1 (de) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Vdm Metals International Gmbh | Pulver aus einer Kobalt-Chromlegierung |
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US5611306A (en) * | 1995-08-08 | 1997-03-18 | Fuji Oozx Inc. | Internal combustion engine valve |
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US20040106000A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
US6986951B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 |
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EP1403397A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 |
EP1403397B1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
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