CN1303990C - 阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1303990C CN1303990C CNB2004100964605A CN200410096460A CN1303990C CN 1303990 C CN1303990 C CN 1303990C CN B2004100964605 A CNB2004100964605 A CN B2004100964605A CN 200410096460 A CN200410096460 A CN 200410096460A CN 1303990 C CN1303990 C CN 1303990C
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- coating
- standby
- tablet
- sodium ferulate
- Prior art date
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- NCTHNHPAQAVBEB-WGCWOXMQSA-M sodium ferulate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(\C=C\C([O-])=O)=CC=C1O NCTHNHPAQAVBEB-WGCWOXMQSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有抗氧化和自由基清除作用,能保护细胞膜不受氧化及抑制血小板聚集和血栓形成,临床用于抗动脉粥样硬化,治疗血管栓塞性脉管炎,急性脑血栓和偏头痛等症的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片及其制备工艺。以阿魏酸钠为原料,填充剂、崩解剂、矫味剂、助流剂、润滑剂等为辅料,根据不同情况可使用粘合剂或包衣材料,也可酌情加入适量泡腾剂,再经过特定的制备方法制备,采用压片机压片即得。本发明的口腔崩解片脆碎度良好,崩解迅速,口感好,无砂砾感,不需要特殊的生产条件;具有生产成本低,携带、储藏、运输和服用方便等特点;特别之处是可以在无水条件下服用并快速起效,从而改善患者的依从性,提高药物的疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有抗氧化和自由基清除作用,能保护细胞膜不受氧化及抑制血小板聚集和血栓形成,临床用于抗动脉粥样硬化,治疗血管栓塞性脉管炎,急性脑血栓和偏头痛等症的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片制剂。
背景技术
阿魏酸钠是传统活血化瘀中药当归、川芎的主要成分阿魏酸的钠盐,化学名称为:3-甲氧基-4-羟基桂皮酸钠盐二水合物,又称当归素等。
阿魏酸钠为非肽类内皮素受体拮抗剂,具有多种药理作用:可拮抗内皮素引起的血管收缩、升压及血管平滑肌细胞增殖;增加NO的合成,松弛血管平滑肌;抑制血小板聚集和血栓形成、抗凝血、改善血液流变学特征;亦可抑制胆固醇的合成,降低血脂;同时具有抗氧化和自由基清除作用,能保护细胞膜不受氧化,防治脂质过氧化损伤;能增强免疫机能,并具有一定镇痛、解痉作用。
阿魏酸钠临床主要用于冠心病(抗动脉粥样硬化),治疗血管栓塞性脉管炎,血小板减少症,急性脑血栓,血管性头痛和偏头痛的治疗。
现有的阿魏酸钠制剂的剂型有:滴丸、胶囊、注射液和普通片。
由于剂型的原因,使大多数口服制剂服用时需要大量的水送下,这使得许多老年人、婴幼儿或者吞咽困难、取水不便的患者难以服用。注射液又往往容易产生过敏反应或不良反应等,同时注射液还存在着操作难度大,患者痛苦也大,制造和医疗成本高,患者经济负担重的缺点。因此,有必要制备服用更加方便的剂型以满足临床治疗和家庭使用的多种需要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于改进现有的阿魏酸钠在口服剂型方面的不足,向广大患者和医务工作者提供一种服用方便、吸收起效快、生物利用度高的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片制剂。本发明涉及服用时不必饮水、在口腔中仅需几十秒即可迅速崩解或溶解、随唾液下咽即可完成服药的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片及其制备方法。
一、处方
本发明所述及的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片,包括原料药物阿魏酸钠,共需要以下9类原、辅材料,其中:不作包衣处理时,则不使用包衣材料,泡腾剂为酌情可选用辅料,也可不用。
阿魏酸钠(5-50)%,粘合剂(0-5)%,填充剂(10-80)%,崩解剂(2-35)%,矫味剂(1-40)%,包衣材料(0-40)%,泡腾剂(0-30)%,助流剂(0.01-5)%,润滑剂(0.3-3)%。其中:
粘合剂包括但不仅限于淀粉、预胶化淀粉、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、蔗糖、阿拉伯胶、明胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、海藻酸及海藻酸盐、黄原胶、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC),可单独使用,也可组合使用。
填充剂包括但不仅限于甘露醇(粒状或粉状)、木糖醇、山梨醇、麦芽糖、赤藓醇、微晶纤维素、PROSOLV SMCC、聚合糖(EMDEX)、偶合糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖、糊精和淀粉等,可以单独使用,也可以组合应用,用量通常为(10-80)%。
崩解剂包括但不仅限于交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)、羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS-Na)、低取代羟丙基甲基纤维素(L-HPC)、交联羧甲基纤维素钠(CCNa)和大豆多糖(EMCOSOY)等,可单独使用,也可组合使用。
矫味剂包括但不仅限于甘露醇、木糖醇、甜菊甙、乳糖、果糖、蔗糖、蛋白糖、麦芽糖醇、甘草甜素、环己氨基磺酸钠、明胶、阿斯巴甜、香蕉香精、菠萝香精、香兰素、香橙香精、桔子香精、薄荷香精、人参香精、草莓香精、枸橼酸、柠檬酸等,可单独使用,也可组合使用。
包衣材料包括但不仅限于明胶、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素盐、醋酸纤维素酞酸酯、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙甲纤维素、丙烯酸树脂类(国产丙烯酸树脂I、II、III、IV,Eudragit系列)、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇等,可单独使用,也可组合使用。
助流剂包括但不仅限于微粉硅胶、滑石粉、Cab-O-sil、Arosil、水合硅铝酸钠等,可单独使用,也可组合使用。
润滑剂包括但不仅限于硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、单硬脂酸甘油脂、聚乙二醇、氢化植物油、硬脂富马酸钠、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯、单月桂蔗糖酸酯、月桂醇硫酸钠、月桂醇硫酸镁、十二烷基硫酸镁和滑石粉等,可单独使用,也可组合使用。
泡腾剂包括但不仅限于苹果酸、柠檬酸或枸橼酸与碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠的混合物。
二、制备方法
本发明所述及的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片,其制备方法为直接压片法,具有制备常规片剂的生产厂家均可采用。
阿魏酸钠味苦,本发明可采用二种不同方法进行矫味或掩味:①采用矫味剂直接矫味;②预先将阿魏酸钠进行粉末包衣以掩味。
具体制备方法如下:
第一步 阿魏酸钠的预处理方法:
①直接矫味法——本法对阿魏酸钠原料进行制粒或不作处理,直接进入第二步;
②粉末包衣掩味——取所选定的包衣材料,用与之相适应的溶媒溶解并稀释至适当浓度备用,再取阿魏酸钠置于沸腾床中使沸腾,然后以适当速度喷入上述溶液进行粉末包衣,得阿魏酸钠粉末包衣颗粒,干燥后过筛备用;
第二步 将矫味剂与阿魏酸钠或经第一步掩味处理后的原料颗粒按量称取,并混合均匀备用;
③小丸上药包衣掩味——取空白丸芯置包衣锅或离心包衣制粒机或流化床中,喷入粘合剂,逐步加入药物粉末或药物粉末与辅料的混合物,制成含药微丸;或将药物制成混悬液、乳剂或溶解成溶液,将上述混悬液、乳剂或溶液喷倒丸芯的表面制成含药微丸,在微丸的外部包上包衣材料,干燥,备用;
④搅拌制粒制微丸包衣掩味——将阿魏酸与适当辅料混合,所述辅料包括蔗糖、乳糖、甘露醇、糊精、β-环糊精、淀粉、微晶纤维素、聚乙二醇、硬脂酸镁,可以单独使用也可以联合使用,混合物料置高速搅拌制粒机中搅拌,同时加粘合剂制成小颗粒,小颗粒干燥后置包衣锅或离心包衣制粒机或流化床中用所选定的包衣材料包衣,干燥,备用;
第三步 将填充剂、崩解剂、泡腾剂、助流剂按量称取并混合均匀,再与经第二步所得之物料混合使均匀,加入润滑剂混匀备用;
第四步 所得物料经中间体检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
有益效果
片剂是一种传统剂型,因其质量稳定、剂量准确、服用、携带方便、机械化程度高、生产成本低而成为目前最常用的剂型之一,但因片剂加压成型,崩解较慢、生物利用度较低,且部分患者吞服较为困难,因而片剂的推广使用在一定程度上受到限制。为此口服固体速释制剂成为近年新药研发的一个热点,特别是口腔崩解片,因其服用方便、起效快、生物利用度高、口感好而成为片剂开发的重点。
口腔崩解片是指不需用水或只需少量水,无需咀嚼,片剂置于舌面,遇唾液后迅速崩解,或借吞咽动力,药物即可入胃起效的片剂。口腔崩解片的特点是吸收快、生物利用度高,肠道残留少,副作用低,避免肝脏首过效应等。
具体实施例
为了更好的说明本发明所述阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片的制备方法,结合直接矫味法和粉末包衣掩味法分别举一个实施例如下:
实施例一 直接矫味法
一.处方
1.原料——阿魏酸钠 50.0g;
2.粘合剂——聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30 0.5g;
3.填充剂——甘露醇 78.5g;
PROSOLV SMCC 5.0g;
4.矫味剂——阿斯巴甜 1.0g;
人参香精 1.0g;
5.崩解剂——交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 8.0g;
L-HPC 4.0g;
6.助流剂——微粉硅胶 1.0g;
7.润滑剂——硬脂酸镁 1.0g。
共制成1000片,规格:50mg/片。
二.制备方法
1)取阿魏酸钠原料粉碎,用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30制粒,过26目筛,备用;
2)将微粉硅胶、人参香精、PROSOLV SMCC和阿斯巴甜,分别过40目筛,混合均匀,再加入已制粒的阿魏酸钠颗粒,混合均匀,备用;
3)取甘露醇、L-HPC和交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮分别过40目筛,混合均匀,再将经矫味的原料加入并混合均匀,最后加入硬脂富马酸钠并混合均匀;
4)中间体含量检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
实施例二 粉末包衣掩味法
一.处方
1.原料——阿魏酸钠 50.0g;
2.包衣材料——Eudragit E100 7.0g;
Eudragit NE30D(干) 3.0g;
3.填充剂——甘露醇 90.0g;
微晶纤维素 10.0g;
4.矫味剂——阿斯巴甜 1.0g;
人参香精 1.0g;
5.崩解剂——交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 10.0g;
L-HPC 5.0g;
6.助流剂——微粉硅胶 1.0g;
7.润滑剂——硬脂富马酸钠 1.0g。
共制成1000片,规格:50mg/片。
二.制备方法
1)取Eudragit E100和Eudragit NE30D Eudragit NE30D用95%乙醇溶解并稀释至一定浓度备用;
2)取阿魏酸钠置于沸腾床中沸腾,按一定速度喷入上述溶液进行粉末包衣,制得阿魏酸钠粉末包衣颗粒,干燥后备用;
3)将甘露醇、微晶纤维素、微粉硅胶、PVPP、L-HPC、阿斯巴甜、硬脂富马酸钠和人参香精混合均匀,再和过筛后的包衣颗粒混匀备用;
4)中间体含量检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
实施例三 泡腾剂矫味法
一.处方
1.原料——阿魏酸钠 50.0g;
2.粘合剂——聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30 0.5g;
3.泡腾剂——枸橼酸 15.5g;
碳酸氢钠 12.0g;
4.填充剂——甘露醇 48.0g;
PROSOLV SMCC 5.0g;
5.矫味剂——阿斯巴甜 1.0g;
香橙香精 1.0g;
6.崩解剂——交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 10.0g;
L-HPC 5.0g;
7.助流剂——微粉硅胶 1.0g;
8.润滑剂——硬脂富马酸钠 1.0g。
共制成1000片,规格:50mg/片。
二.制备方法
1)取阿魏酸钠和枸橼酸原料混合后粉碎,用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30制粒,过26目筛,备用;
2)取碳酸氢钠粉碎,用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30制粒,过26目筛,备用;
3)将其余所有的辅料分别过40目筛后混合均匀,再加入已制粒的颗粒,混合均匀,备用;
4)中间体含量检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
实施例四 小丸上药包衣掩味法
一.处方
1.原料——阿魏酸钠 50.0g;
2.辅料——淀粉 15.0g
3.空白丸芯(粒经:200微米) 10.0g;
4.粘合剂——PVPk30乙醇液 含PVPk305.0g;
5.包衣材料——Eudragit E100 10.0g;
Eudragit NE30D(干) 4.0g;
6.填充剂——甘露醇 70.0g;
微晶纤维素 10.0g;
7.矫味剂——阿斯巴甜 1.0g;
香橙香精 1.0g;
8.崩解剂——交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 10.0g;
L-HPC 5.0g;
9.助流剂——微粉硅胶 1.0g;
10.润滑剂——硬脂富马酸钠 1.0g。
共制成1000片,规格:50mg/片。
二.制备方法
1 将阿魏酸、淀粉混合备用;
2 空白丸芯置离心制粒机中,喷入粘合剂,加入混合好的阿魏酸混合物料,制备微丸;
3 微丸干燥后用包衣材液包衣,干燥。
4 将其余所有的辅料混合均匀,再加入已制好的包衣颗粒,混合均匀,备用;
5 中间体含量检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
实施例五 搅拌制粒机制微丸包衣掩味法
一.处方
1.原料——阿魏酸钠 50.0g;
2.辅料——淀粉 35.0g
糊精 5.0g
蔗糖 10.0g
硬脂酸镁 1.0g
3.粘合剂——70%乙醇液 适量
4.包衣材料——Eudragit E100 10.0g;
Eudragit NE30D(干) 4.0g;
5.填充剂——甘露醇 80.0g;
微晶纤维素 10.0g;
6.矫味剂——阿斯巴甜 1.0g;
香橙香精 1.0g;
7.崩解剂——交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 10.0g;
L-HPC 5.0g;
8.助流剂——微粉硅胶 1.0g;
9.润滑剂——硬脂酸镁 1.0g。
共制成1000片,规格:50mg/片。
二.制备方法
1 将阿魏酸、淀粉、糊精、蔗糖、硬脂酸镁混合,置搅拌制粒机中,搅拌混合;
2 喷入粘合剂,搅拌制备微丸;
3 微丸干燥后用包衣材液包衣,干燥。
4 将其余所有的辅料混合均匀,再加入已制好的包衣颗粒,混合均匀,备用;
5 中间体含量检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有抗氧化和自由基清除作用,能保护细胞膜不受氧化及抑制血小板聚集和血栓形成,临床用于抗动脉粥样硬化、治疗血管栓塞性脉管炎、急性脑血栓或偏头痛的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片,由阿魏酸钠、填充剂、崩解剂、矫味剂、助流剂、润滑剂、包衣材料原辅料,根据情况还可以添加粘合剂或泡腾剂,以适当的配比,经特定的方法制备而成,其特征在于其处方组成如下:以重量百分含量计算,阿魏酸钠5%~50%,粘合剂0~5%,填充剂10%~80%,崩解剂2%~35%,矫味剂1%~40%,包衣材料0~40%但不为0,泡腾剂0~30%,助流剂0.01%~5%,润滑剂0.3%~3%,其中所述特定的方法为:
第一步阿魏酸钠的预处理,方法选自:①粉末包衣掩味——取所选定的包衣材料,用与之相适应的溶媒溶解并稀释至适当浓度备用,再取阿魏酸钠置于沸腾床中使沸腾,然后以适当速度喷入上述溶液进行粉末包衣,得阿魏酸钠粉末包衣颗粒,干燥后过筛备用;②小丸上药包衣掩味——取空白丸芯置包衣锅或离心包衣制粒机或流化床中,喷入粘合剂,逐步加入药物粉末或药物粉末与辅料的混合物,制成含药微丸;或将药物制成混悬液、乳剂或溶解成溶液,将上述混悬液、乳剂或溶液喷倒丸芯的表面制成含药微丸,在微丸的外部包上包衣材料,干燥,备用;③搅拌制粒机制微丸包衣掩味——将阿魏酸与适当辅料混合,所述辅料选自蔗糖、乳糖、甘露醇、糊精、β-环糊精、淀粉、微晶纤维素、聚乙二醇和硬脂酸镁中的一种或两种以上,混合物料置高速搅拌制粒机中搅拌,同时加粘合剂制成小颗粒,小颗粒干燥后置包衣锅或离心包衣制粒机或流化床中用所选定的包衣材料包衣,干燥,备用;
第二步将矫味剂与经第一步掩味处理后的原料颗粒按量称取,并混合均匀备用;
第三步将填充剂、崩解剂、泡腾剂、助流剂按量称取并混合均匀,再与经第二步所得之物料混合使均匀,加入润滑剂混匀备用;
第四步所得物料经中间体检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
2.按照权利要求1所述的口腔崩解片,其中:
所述的粘合剂选自淀粉、预胶化淀粉、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、蔗糖、阿拉伯胶、明胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、海藻酸或海藻酸盐、黄原胶、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述填充剂选自粒状或粉状的甘露醇、木糖醇、山梨醇、麦芽糖、赤蘚醇、微晶纤维素、偶合糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖、糊精和淀粉中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述崩解剂选自交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基淀粉钠、低取代羟丙基甲基纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠和大豆多糖中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述矫味剂选自甘露醇、木糖醇、甜菊甙、乳糖、果糖、蔗糖、蛋白糖、麦芽糖醇、甘草甜素、环己氨基磺酸钠、明胶、阿斯巴甜、香蕉香精、菠萝香精、香兰素、香橙香精、桔子香精、薄荷香精、人参香精、草莓香精、枸橼酸、柠檬酸中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述包衣材料选自明胶、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素盐、醋酸纤维素酞酸酯、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙甲纤维素、丙烯酸树脂类、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述助流剂选自微粉硅胶、滑石粉、水合硅铝酸钠中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、单硬脂酸甘油脂、聚乙二醇、氢化植物油、硬脂富马酸钠、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯、单月桂蔗糖酸酯、月桂醇硫酸钠、月桂醇硫酸镁、十二烷基硫酸镁和滑石粉中的一种或多种组合使用;
所述泡腾剂选自苹果酸、柠檬酸或枸橼酸与碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠的混合物。
3.一种用于权利要求1所述的阿魏酸钠口腔崩解片的制备方法,其特征在于由以下步骤组成:
第一步阿魏酸钠的预处理:取所选定的包衣材料,用与之相适应的溶媒溶解并稀释至适当浓度备用,再取阿魏酸钠置于沸腾床中使沸腾,然后以适当速度喷入上述溶液进行粉末包衣,得阿魏酸钠粉末包衣颗粒,干燥后过筛备用;
第二步将矫味剂与经第一步掩味处理后的原料颗粒按量称取,并混合均匀备用;
第三步将填充剂、崩解剂、泡腾剂、助流剂按量称取并混合均匀,再与经第二步所得之物料混合使均匀,加入润滑剂混匀备用;
第四步所得物料经中间体检测,确定片重后,送入压片机压片即得。
4.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述的包衣材料是明胶、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸盐、壳聚糖、羧甲基纤维素盐、醋酸纤维素酞酸酯、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙甲纤维素、丙烯酸树脂类、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇中任意一种或两种以上的混合物。
5.按照权利要求4所述的制备方法,其中所述的丙烯酸树脂类选自国产丙烯酸树脂I、II、III、IV和Eudragit系列。
6.按照权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:根据情况还可加入辅料泡腾剂。
7.按照权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述泡腾剂是苹果酸、柠檬酸或枸橼酸与碳酸氢钠或碳酸钠的混合物。
8.按照权利要求3-7任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于获得的片剂的硬度在10至45牛顿之间,崩解时间在1-60秒内。
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